communications 3 rd class ppo (scc) j g copeland communications instructor (g)
TRANSCRIPT
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Communications 3rd Class
PPO (SCC) J G CopelandCommunications Instructor (G)
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Introduction
Instructor:
PPO (SCC) James Copeland
Ground Rules
Speaking, Writing, Notes, Handouts
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Course Outline
Job 1: Basic Admin Voice ProceduresJob 2: Introduction to Data CommunicationsJob 3: Introduction to Tactical CommunicationsJob 4: Phonetic AlphabetJob 5: Speaking & WritingJob 6: Use of a telephoneJob 7: Messenger Duties Job 8: Communications HistoryJob 9: Basic SafetyJob 10: Unit Communications Equipment
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References
SCC Communications Training Manual
Available online from www.sccheadquarters.com
Take notes as you feel you need to, handouts
will be given out for certain subjects.
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Job 1: Basic Admin
Voice Procedure
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Job 1: Basic Admin VoiceBasic Terminology
Call Sign Transmitter Radio Net
Receiver Radio Net Operator
Call Ending Sign Radio Station
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Call signA unique ‘name’ for a person/station on a radio net.
TransmitterA device that is capable of transmitting an electromagnetic signal but cannot receive them.
Closing DownEnding a transmission.
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Operator A ‘name’ for a person
using a radio set to
transmit/receive messages.Call
A Message sent between operators can be initial or general.
Ending SignFinish transmitting messages, using the words over OR out.
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Receiver A device able to receive electromagnetic signals
but unable to broadcast.Radio Check
Test strength/readability of your signal.
Radio Station A place capable of
transmitting/receiving or varying size.
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Basic ProWords
Admin Voice Procedure: Standard language on Radios
Roger Say Again Over
Out
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RogerAcknowledgement and total understanding of last message received.
Say AgainAsk to repeat message because it was not heard or misunderstood.
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OverAcknowledgement of
receipt of last message.
OutAcknowledgement of receipt of last message sent no reply expected.
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Calling another Station
When calling another station you make an initial call, this is to confirm they can hear you.
MF99 this is MJ99 over
this is MF99 over
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Types of Net
Directed: A net where permission is required to transmit, think of it as a controlled airway.
Free: An airway where no control is exercised, hence ‘free’
Engineering: Discuss equipment and set ups.
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Sending them a Message...
MF99 this is MJ99, We will be commencing Pulling training at 1200 Zulu, over
What ProWord would you acknowledge it with if:
i)You heard it clearly?ii)You didn’t quite make it out?
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Now for something practical…
Radio Check:
Check quality and loudness of transmission
1: GF99 this is GG99, radio check, over
2: this is GF99 ______________ over
2: this is GG99, ____________ out
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Radio Check Quality & Loudness
Loudness: Quality:
Loud Say as Roger ClearGood ReadableWeak DistortedVery Weak With interference
Fading Intermittent
Grab a partner and have a go at experimenting!
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Closing down
When finished transmitting, you MUST close down!
You must ask permission first, you can specify a time period.
Then.... GF99 this is GG99, closing down at 1100 ZULU, OUT
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Date/Time Groups
Format: DDHHMMSS(A/Z) Mon YYYYi.e 251606Z May 2010
Set by NATOTime zones, different letters in different countries
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DTG’s (2)
28 1545 Z SEP10
Day Time Time Zone Month Year
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Precedence's
Z = FLASH NOT TO USED BY SCC
O = IMMEDIATEP = PRIORITYR = ROUTINE
How ‘urgent’ the message is, kind of like a 2nd or 1st class stamp
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Protective Markings
Top Secret = TSECSecret = SECConfidential = CONF Restricted = RESTUnclassified = UNCLAS
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Any Questions?
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Job 2: Introduction to Data
Communications
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What is Data Communications?
Data Communications is where the communications goes through a digital source. Some examples: Internet, fax machine, text message.
• Less susceptible to interference • Error Detection• Clarity • Multiplexing
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Data Communications block diagram
PC TNCVHF TX/RX
AERIAL
PC – Human InterfaceTNC – Digital to analogue signal and reverse Tx/Rx – Converts to electromagnetic signal (Radio Wave)
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Any Questions?
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Job 3: Introduction to
Tactical Communications
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Flags & Masts…
Union FlagMade up of what flags?
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Union Flag...
England
Scotland
Northern Ireland
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Which Patron Saint belongs to which flag
ENGLAND SCOTLANDNORTHERN IRELAND
ST PATRICK ST GEORGEST ANDREW
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What about Wales?!WALES IS A PRINCIPALITY AND IT HAS NEVER BEEN REPRESENTED
IN THE UNION FLAG BY THE FLAG OF ST.DAVID
THE WELSH DRAGON
FLAG OF ST.DAVID
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Common Sea Cadet Flags...
SEA CADETENSIGNPREPARATIVE CHURCH PENNANT
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What two countries flags make up the church Pennant ?
ENGLAND NETHERLANDS
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Parts of a flag...
Tac
Head
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Cantons of a Flag
Upper
Lower
Hoist Fly
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RedRedThe Senior Ensign.May be worn by all British-Registered Vessels which are not entitled to wear a White or Blue Ensign.
BlueBlueWorn by vessels of other Government Departments, e.g. Royal Fleet Auxiliary, HM Customs etc., Police Launches, Royal Mail Ships and Sea Cadet Units, Ships and Boats.
WhiteWhiteWorn by HM Ships, HM Ships’ boats, RN & RMshore establishments, Trinity House Vessels (whenaccompanying HM Ships which are dressed overall),and vessels of the Royal Yacht Squadron.
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The Sea Cadet Ensign
Blue Ensign defaced with the Sea Cadet Badge
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Commissioning Pennants
Royal Navy
Sea Cadets
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Preparative Pennant
• Given as the executive command before a manoeuvre• Used in the Sea Cadet Colours/Evening Colours Ceremony
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Commodore Vice Admiral
Rear Admiral Admiral
Admiral of the Fleet
Flag Officers’ Flags
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Signalling Mast
1. Masthead 2. Tabernacle2. Tabernacle 3. Yard (Two Yardarms)
4. Gaff4. Gaff 5. Blocks 6. Pinrail 7. Belaying Pins or Cleats 8. Halyards 9. Button 10. Peak 11. Truck
1011
(Key - Follow the Colour-Coding)
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And now for something Practical!
• Carry out Signalman duties at Colours/Evening Colours• Half Mast for both routines
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Any Questions?
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Job 4: The Phonetic Alphabet
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The Phonetic Alphabet
What is it? The Phonetic Alphabet is the alphabet, butinstead of using single letters like A, B, C,we use words which begin with the letter, i.e.A = Alpha. When speaking on a radio or
telephone, it stops any ambiguity.
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AA
ALPHAALPHA
Letter in Morse Code
Letter
Phonetic
Flag A
Letter in semaphore
Key to Slides
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AA
ALPHAALPHA
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BB
BRAVOBRAVO
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CC
CHARLIECHARLIE
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D
DELTADELTA
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Spy Test
• You have ONE minute to remember the four letters that you have just learnt
A =
B =
C =
D =
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E
ECHOECHO
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F
FOXTROTFOXTROT
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G
GOLFGOLF
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H
HOTELHOTEL
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Spy TestYou have just spotted a stolen car and you need to report it but your partner on the other end of the radio can’t hear you properly. Work out the phonetic equivalent for the letters on the number plate
FGA EHD
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I
INDIAINDIA
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J
JULIEJULIETT
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K
KILOKILO
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L
LIMALIMA
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Spy TestUnscramble the following words to reveal their phonetic terms:
1. Dinai
2. Lijuet
3. Loik
4. mial
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M
MIKEMIKE
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NNOVEMBENOVEMBERR
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O
OSCAROSCAR
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P
PAPPAPAA
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Spy TestMatch the flags to the letters and work out the phonetic term for each flag:
M
N
O
P
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Q
QUEBEQUEBECC
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R
ROMEROMEOO
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S
SIERRSIERRAA
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TTANGOTANGO
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Spy TestYou have TWO minutes to write down as many of the phonetic words you have learnt today.
Share them with your partner – what did you forget?
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U
UNIFORMUNIFORM
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V
VICTORVICTOR
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W
WHISKWHISKYY
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X
X-RAYX-RAY
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Y
YANKEYANKEEE
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Z
ZULUZULU
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Spy TasksSpell out the following words in phonetics
BOOTS,
ORLOP,
BROWN,
PORT
STARBOARD
SEA CADETS
HASTINGS
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CHARACTER MORSE CODE TELEPHONY PHONIC (PRONOUNCIATION)
A • − Alfa AL-FAH
B − • • • Bravo BRAH-VOH
C − • − • Charlie CHAR-LEE
D − • • Delta DELL-TAH
E • Echo ECK-OH
F • • − • Foxtrot FOKS-TROT
G − − • Golf GOLF
H • • • • Hotel HOH-TEL
I • • India IN-DEE-AH
J • − − − Juliet JEW-LEE-ETT
K − • − Kilo KEE-LOH
L • − • • Lima LEE-MAH
M − − Mike MIKE
N − • November NO-VEM-BER
O − − − Oscar OSS-CAH
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P • − − • Papa PAH-PAH
Q − − • − Quebec KEH-BECK
R • − • Romeo ROE-ME-OH
S • • • Sierra SEE-AIR-RAH
T − Tango TANG-GO
U • • − Uniform YOU-NEE-FORM
V • • • − Victor VIK-TAH
W • − − Whiskey WISS-KEY
X − • • − Xray ECKS-RAY
Y − • − − Yankee YANG-KEY
Z − − • • Zulu ZOO-LOO
1 • − − − − One WUN
2 • • − − − Two TOO
3 • • • − − Three TREE
4 • • • • − Four FOW-ER
5 • • • • • Five FIFE
6 − • • • • Six SIX
7 − − • • • Seven SEVEN
8 − − − • • Eight AIT
9 − − − − • Nine NIN-ER
0 − − − − − Zero ZEE-RO
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Spy Tasks
Solve the following clues and spell out the word phonetically
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ANY QUESTIONS ?
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Job 5: Speaking & Writing
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Speaking
When speaking on the circuit there are some things that need to be considered:
•Do not shout down the microphone because this will over modulate the signal and make it unreadable.
• Speak with a slightly higher tone.
• Speak as slowly as the slowest operator on the net.
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Writing
Being on the net requires a lot of writing down, such as logging activities and signals.
WRITE IN BLOCK CAPITALS
WRITE IN BLACK INK
WRITE DOWN EXACTLY AS HEARD, NO PARAPHRASING MESSAGES
Listen to the short piece and write it in the style above!
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Any Questions?
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Job 6: Using the Telephone
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Calling the Emergency Services
6 step Protocol....
1.Stay Calm
2.Pick up the phone and dial 999 or 112
3.Listen carefully for the service, whom you require help from
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Calling the Emergency Services
4. The operator will ask you where you are calling from, carefully an correctly give your number & location.
5. You will then speak to the service in question, listen carefully and give the nature of the problem.
6. When you have finished HANG UP, you may stop someone else getting through!
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Now for something practical!
Run through the Emergency Phone call procedure with your partner.
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Answering a unit telephoneWhy answer in a clear and smart manner?
• Send out right impression
• Messages can be passed correctly and clearly
• Good Etiquette
•Any more you can think of?
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Answering a unit telephone
1. Have a pen and paper ready to take any message.
2. Pick up the phone speak slowly and clearly ‘Good Evening, TS Hastings Sea Cadets, Able Cadet Bloggs Speaking. How can I help you?’
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Answering a unit telephone3. If they are looking for somebody, say ‘Thank
you, could you hold the line please’ and then lay down pipe/find them.
4. If not available, say ‘I am sorry, xxx is not available, may I take a message?’
5. If the caller leaves a message, write it down and read it back to them. Add time and date
message taken!
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Answering a unit telephone
6. If the caller has finished, say ‘Thank you for calling, goodbye’ and hang up.
7. Ensure the message is delivered to the person concerned.
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You guessed it!
Practice with your partner calling the unit and taking messages... Use caller message paper.
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Any Questions?
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Job 7: Messenger Duties
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Messenger Duties
BE SMART AND ENSURE YOUR UNIFORM IS PRESSED/CLEANED CORRECTLY
1. Approach the person whom you are taking the message from and give correct marks of respect.
2. Stand to attention whilst you are being instructed of the message. If the message is verbal repeat it back to ensure it was heard correctly. Speak slowly and carefully and EXACTLY AS YOU WERE TOLD IT do not paraphrase.
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Messenger Duties
3. Know who the addressee is...
4. Approach the addressee, give appropriate marks of respect and say ‘Message for you Sir/Ma’am/Chief/PO’. If verbal say ‘PO Bloggins respects, ... Message’ Compliments up and sideways and respects go upwards.
5. Say the message slowly, carefully and EXACTLY as you were told it, no paraphrasing.
6. Wait for a reply and return it to originator.
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Messenger Duties
7. Even if there is no reply you must return to the originator and say ‘No reply Sir/Ma’am, Chief/PO’.
SIMPLE EFFICIANT and remember to speak CLEARLY and EXACTLY AS YOU WERE TOLD IT!
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Practical Task
Send a Message from one person to another in the correct format!
Remember the key points!
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Any Questions?
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Job 8: Communications
History
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Early forms of Naval Signalling
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The First RecordedNaval Signal
480 B.C.480 B.C.Battle of SalamisBattle of Salamis
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The First Recorded use of a Lamp for Signalling at Sea
28 September
1066
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Y e
B
l a k k e
o k eB
o
1338 Publication of the First Written Authority on
Signalling in the Royal Navy
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1530 Use of Gunfire ordered to signal the weighing or letting go of anchors and to warn of a shipwhich had “in the night fallen in leake or breaken his maste.”
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1714
Mr. GreenwoodMr. GreenwoodEdits and Edits and Publishes hisPublishes his““Half-Minute”Half-Minute”Signal BookSignal Book
Signal
Book
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21 Flags are 21 Flags are
all you needall you need
byby
Lord HoweLord Howe
AdmiralAdmiral
1776AdmiralLord HoweRevolutionisesNavalSignalling
(Even Nelsonwas impressed!)
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1795 The Rev. Lord George Murray invents The Rev. Lord George Murray invents SemaphoreSemaphore
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Admiralty Edict Number 9,128,765
Stop making upyour own signalcodes. Use ours.By order.
1799
The AdmiraltyBoardstandardisesNaval Signallingin one printed book
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From 1799 Admiral Sir Home Popham refines the Admiralty’s Signal Code using numbers in 3- or 4- Flag hoists so that Admirals at Sea can say almost anything by Flag.
In 1805 Popham’s Code was used to send . . .
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The World’s “Most Famous” Naval SignalThe World’s “Most Famous” Naval Signal
BLUNT END SHARP END
STARBOARD
STARBOARD
STARBOARD
PORT
PORTPEAK(gaff)
FOREMAST
MAIN MAST
MIZZEN MAST
EXPECTSEXPECTS
ENGLANDENGLANDTHATTHAT
EVERYEVERY
MANMAN
WILLWILL
DODO
HISHIS
DD
UU
TT
YY
PORT
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1816
Admiral Pophamintroduces hisrevisedSemaphoreApparatus
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JanuaryJanuary
6618381838
SamuelMorseIntroducesHis NewTelegraph
Notes for January
New telegraph system Monday.
DON’T FO
RGET!
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=
18451845
Morse’s new Code begins to be adopted by the
emerging U.S. railroad companies, after he proves its ability to pass
messages instantly
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Captain Columb introducesCaptain Columb introducesFlashing Light SignallingFlashing Light Signallinginto the Royal Navy usinginto the Royal Navy using
Morse’s new codeMorse’s new code
1818 6767
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7 May 1896 Guglielmo Marconi impresses Guglielmo Marconi impresses Admiral Admiral
Jackson by sending and receiving Jackson by sending and receiving Morse over Morse over 14 miles between 14 miles between Bournemouth andBournemouth and
the Isle of Wightthe Isle of Wight
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Marconi makes the first Trans-AtlanticMarconi makes the first Trans-AtlanticRadio Transmission using the Morse CodeRadio Transmission using the Morse Code
12 12 DecemberDecember
19011901
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1905. The Royal Navy finally adopts1905. The Royal Navy finally adoptsWireless Telegraphy in order to Wireless Telegraphy in order to
prevent theprevent thefleet falling behind those of Britain’sfleet falling behind those of Britain’s
potential enemies.potential enemies.
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1908. The Marconi Company 1908. The Marconi Company replacesreplaces CQD
with the new, easy-to-rememberwith the new, easy-to-remember SOS
as itsas itsInternational Maritime International Maritime
Distress CallDistress Call
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SinceSince1905 . . .1905 . . .
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Any Questions?
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Job 9: Basic Communications
Safety
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is the responsibility of
EVERYONEEVERYONE
involved in Communications
Ensuring that everyone is aware oftheir responsibilities is the duty of
THE COMMUNICATIONS THE COMMUNICATIONS INSTRUCTORINSTRUCTOR
Communications Safety
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CO
2
Fire Precautionsand Extinguishers
Electric ShockHazards
Radiation Hazardsand Burns
BasicFirst Aid
Food and Drink
Communications Safety
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1. NEVER work inside live equipment
3. NEVER touch an aerial unless it has been disconnected
4. NEVER eat or drink near communications equipment or operate equipment with wet hands
5. ALWAYS ensure that there is a CO2 extinguisher at the entrance to the Radio Room
6. ALWAYS ensure that there is a mains cut-off switch at the entrance to the Radio Room
2. NEVER bypass fuses
7. ALWAYS ensure that there are no wires or cables trailing where someone might trip over them
8. ALWAYS ensure that aerials are connected before switching a radio on
Communications Safety Rules
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IInstructnstruct
RRepeatepeat
EExaminexamineRight from the very outsetRight from the very outset
II RR EESafety Training Protocol
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DANGER OF DEATH
Do Not Rig AerialsDo Not Rig AerialsNear Overhead Power LinesNear Overhead Power Lines
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CAUTIONCAUTION
Non-Ionising RadiationNon-Ionising Radiation
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NoSmoking
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NoFood or Drinkin this room
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CAUTIONCAUTIONELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT INSIDEELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT INSIDE
NO UNAUTHORISED ENTRYNO UNAUTHORISED ENTRY
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QUIETQUIETPLEASE!!PLEASE!!
Communications Communications TestTest
in Progressin Progress
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QUIETQUIETPLEASE!!PLEASE!!
Meeting in Meeting in ProgressProgress
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Any Questions?
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Job 10: Unit Communications
Equipment
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Any Questions?