communication
TRANSCRIPT
MANAGERIAL COMMUNICATION
COMMUNICATION
Communication is defined as interchange of thoughts, opinions or information, by speech, writing or signs.
- Robert Anderson
It is a two way process. it has four specific skills. It is the life blood of the business.
MANAGERIAL COMMUNICATION
Communication is the process of exchanging information in a way that achieve mutual understanding between two or more people about work related issues. Communication plays a vital role in planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the activities of an organization by the managers.
It also helps in motivating people to obtain their willingly cooperation.
ROLES OF COMMUNICATION
• Better Planning
• Effective Operations
• Decision Making
• Controlling
• Co-ordination
LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION
There are two types of communication:
Interpersonal Communication
Organizational Communication
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
How do group members transfer meaning between and among each others.
There are three basic methods to explain interpersonal communication:
ORAL
WRITTEN
NON-VERBAL
ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION
It is the kind of communication which is used in an organization.
There are three types of organizational communication. They are:- Network Communication Computer Aided Communication Knowledge Management
CHANNELS OF COMMUNICATION
They are used for achieving the common goals of organization by exchange the ideas continuously.
Communication Channel
Formal communication Informal communication
Upward Communication
Horizontal Communication
Downward Communication
• Formal Communication– communication that follows the official chain of command or is
communication required to do one’s job
Written and Oral
Formal Relation
Prescribed Path
Organizational Message
CONTD…
TYPES OF FORMAL COMMUNICATION
Downward Communication: flows from managers to employees and is used to inform, direct, coordinate and evaluate employees.
Upward Communication: flows from employees to managers in the form of suggestions, feedback.
Horizontal Communication: flows between individuals at the same level in the organization.
INFORMAL OR GRAPEVINE COMMUNICATION CHANNEL
Informal Communication
– Communication within an organization that is not officially sanctioned
– Permits employees to satisfy their needs for social interaction creates alternative, and frequently faster and more efficient, channels of communication
TYPES OF GRAPEVINE CHAIN
Prof. Keith Devis has given the following four types of grapevine chains.
1. Single Strand Chain:
2. Gossip Chain:
A ECB D
A
G C
FD
E
B
CONTD…
3. Probability Chain:
4. Cluster Chain:
A
B
C
F
D
G
E
H
J
I
A
B C
E F G H I
D
BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Problems/barriers to communication may arise at any of the following levels in a communication process:-
• The sender’s level
• The receiver’s level
• The transmission level
• The feedback/reaction level
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION BARRIERS
Noise Filtering Selective perception
LanguageEmotionsInformation Overload
Apprehension Cultural Barriers Poor listening
Premature evaluation
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION BARRIERS
1. Noise:- It means interference that occurs in a signal and prevents us from hearing properly.
2. Filtering:- It is the deliberate manipulation of information to make it appear more favourable to the receiver.
• Extent of filtering affected by:
– the number of vertical levels in the organization
– culture of the organization
3. Selective Perception :- What the receivers selectively see and hear is influenced by their attitudes, needs, background, and experience.
4. Information Overload :- Information available exceeds processing capacity.
• Frequent complaint of executives
• Individuals tend to select out, ignore, pass over information
5. Emotions :- Interpretation of a message gets affected by the way the receiver feels.
• Extreme emotions likely to hinder effective communication
6. Language :- Meaning of words differs among people with diverse backgrounds.
• Specialized terminology/jargons may be used by a group
• Even those who speak the same language may use it quite differently
7. Apprehension :- Apprehension or anxiety may arise in oral communication, written communication or both.
• High-oral-communication apprehensives distort the communication demands of jobs
8. Cultural Barriers :- In international environment, cultural differences often cause communication problems. There exist four specific problems related to language difficulties in cross-cultural communications.
• Barriers caused by semantics
• Barriers caused by word connotations
• Barriers caused by tone differences
• Barriers caused by differences among perceptions
9. Poor listening :- It causes serious problems in communication.
• People getting too much involved in their own problems and having their own egos
• They don’t pay attention to the speaker
10. Premature evaluation :- People who have such habits may be irresponsive and jump to conclusions without logical deduction from the objective situation.
OVERCOMING BARRIERS TOEFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Solutions
Clarity in Idea
Simplify language
Proper Channel
Practice Empathy
Use Feedback
Listen actively
OVERCOMING BARRIERS TOEFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
1. Clarity in idea :- Senders must clarify the purpose of the message that they want to communicate.
2. Simplify language :- Semantic problems can be solved by using simple language and avoiding connotations.
3. Proper channel :- It is essential for the orderly flow of information. It depends on the requirement of information to be transmitted.
4. Practice empathy :- Put yourself in the recipient’s shoes.• Perceive the problem from recipient’s point of view.• Try to see the recipient’s values, experiences and frame
of reference.
5. Use feedback :- Ask a set of questions about a message to determine whether it was understood as intended.
•Ask receivers to restate the message in their own words.
6. Listen actively :- Listen carefully to the sender for fully understanding the meaning of his/her message.
• Restrain premature judgments or interpretations.• Enhanced by developing empathy with sender.