common sense 1 - kocwcontents.kocw.net/kocw/document/2014/sungkyunkwan/leeyonghye… · • curry...
TRANSCRIPT
Common Sense 1 • The land of diversity
• The present population
of India: More than a billion.
• Almost certain that population of India will surpass that of China by 2050.
• Eighty per cent of India’s population: Hindus.
Four Classes & More than a Hundred Castes
• Dalit : ‘The suppressed one’; more than a hundred million untouchables.
• Gandhi called them the ‘children of God’
• Discrimination against them is illegal now.
Common Sense 2 • The biggest problem of India:
Hinduism vs Islam. • Islam: The second biggest
religion in India; more than a hundred and fifty million followers Except for the ancient Greece, India was the only country where logic was developed.
• Curry doesn’t exist, but masala (mixed spices) does.
• The anglicized word ‘curry’ originated from the Tamil word ‘kari’ (black pepper).
Common Sense 3-1 • The basic language of Indian Civilization: Sanskrit
• The most famous Indian classic: <Bhagavadgita>
• The most famous philosopher: Shankara (eighth century CE)
• The most famous poet: Kalidasa (fourth century CE)
Common Sense 3-2
• Bollywood: The second biggest movie industry in the world; Bombay+Hollywood
• Huge economic potential: English or Math.
Indian Geography 1
• The North: Aryan culture; the South: Dravidian culture
• India looks like an inverted triangle in a map.
Hinduism 1
• The two sources of Hinduism: Indus Valley Civilization & Aryan culture
• The oldest scripture: <Rigveda>
• Hinduism ⊅ Sikhism • A Hindu should
accept the authority of the Veda.
Hinduism 3-1
Vaishnavism: Vishnu is the Supreme God.
Shaivism: Shiva is the Supreme God.
Shaktism: Devi (Goddess) is the Supreme Deity (Derived from
Hinduism 3-2
Bhakti: Vaishnavism (love or devotion to God)
Tantra: Shaivism & Shaktism (based on human desires)
Jainism
• 3.5 million Jains • The founder of
Jainism : Mahavira (lived a little earlier than the Buddha)
• Famous for asceticism & non-violence (Ahimsa).
Buddhism • The founder of Buddhism:
Shakhyamuni (sixth century BCE)
• Famous for various meditations & non-violence
• Now Jains < Buddhists in India
• Indian Buddhism: Officially ended in the land of its origin in 1307 CE with destruction of Vikramashila monastery by muslims of the Central Asian origin.
Indian History 1
• Indus Valley Civilization (climax: 2300 ~ 2000 BCE ), found by excavation in 1921.
• Centered on Mohenjodaro & Harappa> Developed around the fertile plain of the Indus Valley in Pakistan.
Indian History 2 • The Aryans invaded the
northern plain of India from the central Asia through the mountainous passes of Afganistan in 1500 BCE.
• Vedic Sanskrit developed into Classical Sanskrit; Indo-European language group
• Conquered indigenous Dravidians and made them slaves- the four classes were established.
• Aryan Civilization: established in Southern India by the sixth century.
Indian History 3-1
• Alexander the Great’s armies had retreated from northern India in 326 BCE.
• The Influence of Hellenism.
Indian History 3-2
• 321 BCE The Mauryan Dynasty:
• Founded by Chandragupta Maurya
• The first empire in Indian history
• Its golden age was accomplished by the famous Buddhist emperor Ashoka.
Indian History 3-3
321 CE. The Gupta
Dynasty • Hinduism as a
national religion • The golden age of
classical Indian Civilization.
Indian History 4-1
• Islam invasion from about
700 CE through the
northwestern frontier.
The religion and culture of
Islam have changed India.
• Since then, Islam prevailed
Northern India.
• The Chola dynasty
dominated Southern India
about 800 CE.
인도의 역사 4-2 • 1526 CE
The Mughal empire: founded by
• Babur (Tiger). • The most powerful
empire in Indian history • Akbar (the third
emperor ): The greatest emperor in the Mughal dynasty (tried to reconcile Hinduism with Islam). Taj Mahal: The most celebrated heritage of the Mughal empire.
Indian History 5-1
• From about 1690 CE • Portugal:
based on Goa. • The Great Britain:
Controlled India for about 250 years
인도의 역사 5-2 • Gandhi: Non-violence
(ahimsa)
• India was divided into India and Pakistan in 1947, the year of her independence
• Maintained for more than 50 years as the largest democratic country in the world.
• Recent years, spotlighted as one of the leading countries in the world for the future IT industry.
Indian Food 1-1
• The staple of Indian food: crops
• Rice in the South, wheat in the north – roti (bread) Basmati rice (fragrant rice) is particularly famous.
Indian Food 1-2 • Southern India:
Vegetarianism Southern Indian food is hard to get in South Korea. (dosa, etc.)
• Punjabi food: Most of Indian food in South Korea (Tandori chicken, Nan, Chicken Tikka
• Chai : The most universal beverage
• Beef and pork are taboos.