common ohio trees

8/6/2019 Common Ohio Trees

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Troop 261

Marble Cliff, Ohio 2008http://www.bsatroop261.org


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Leaf Characteristics

White Ash Emerald Ash Borer

Quaking Aspen

American Beech

River Birch

Boxelder

Buckeye

Northern Catalpa

Black Cherry

Eastern Cottonwood

Flowering Dogwood

Slippery Elm

Hackberry

Shagbark Hickory Hophornbeam

Black Locust

Honey Locust

Silver Maple Sugar Maple

Red Mulberry

Red Oak

White Oak

Osage Orange

White Pine

Red Cedar

Sassafras

White Spruce

Sweetgum

American Sycamore

Tree of Heaven

Tuliptree Black Walnut

Black Willow


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One of the more commonand rapidly growing trees of

forests and fields in all of

Ohio, is also a popular shade

tree for urban areas. From

the forest, its wood is

harvested to make baseball

bats, tool handles, furniture,

and for use as firewood.

Among the ashes, its wood is

considered the best.


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Bark

Leaves

Flowers

Fruit Leaf scars

after fall off


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Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) is an invasive, ash tree-killinginsect easily moved through firewood, ash logs, ash nursestock, and parts of an ash tree

Check ash trees for the following symptoms: Distinct, D-shaped exit holes in the bark

Serpentine-shaped tunnels under the bark on the surface of the wo

Young sprout growth at the base of the tree Unusual activity by woodpeckers

Thinning canopy of the tree

Vertical splits in the bark Because of the danger of spreading this insect

to more areas, you cannot transport wood

across county lines


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One of the most widely distributedtree in North America. In Ohio,

Quaking Aspen is found abundantly

in northern Ohio, but is only found

locally in pockets in the southern

half of the state. Quaking Aspen

(also known as Popple), is a type of

Poplar that forms root suckers, and

thus may form a colony of trees that

expands indefinitely.


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Leaves

Flowers

Bark when Young Bark when Olde


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Easily recognized from a distance byits smooth, steel-gray bark and

tapering surface roots at the base of

its trunk, is present throughout all of

Ohio. This tree is a favorite of

children and teenagers who love to

carve their initials onto its large

smooth trunks. Many beech trees

are partially hollow and provide

excellent den sites for various

wildlife, including squirrels,

raccoons, and opossums. Its small,

triangular nuts are relished by both

mammals and birds in autumn.


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Leaves

Fruit

Buds Bark


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Makes its best growth alongsidebodies of water or in occasionally

flooded bottomlands. In Ohio, it is

native mostly in the south-central

counties, and sparsely along Lake

Erie. However, it is widely planted

throughout Ohio and the eastern

United States as an ornamental

shade tree, prized for its flaky,

orange, ornamental bark and

rippling foliage in the breeze.


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Leaves

Flowers Bark


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Frequents rural bottomlands andneglected urban areas. It is the only

maple tree native to Ohio that has

compound leaves. While it has little

commercial usage or ornamental

appeal today, its rapid life cycle still

helps establish both shade anderosion control in marginally useful

areas. The name Boxelder comes

from its former usage in the

manufacture of wooden crates,

pallets, and boxes.


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Leaves

Flowers

Fruit

Winter Twig Bark


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State tree of Ohio is found primarilyas an understory tree in the western

half of Ohio, where the soils are

more alkaline in pH. However, it is

scattered throughout the eastern

half of the state, except in extreme

northeastern and extremesoutheastern Ohio. Its lightweight

wood is used in the production of

artificial limbs, and the holding of a

"buckeye nut" in one's pocket is

considered good luck.


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Leaves Flowers

Fruit

Bark


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Native to a relatively small area ofthe central Mississippi Valley basin,

has been extensively cultivated in

Ohio for over 200 years, and is now

naturalized in urban and rural areas,

primarily used today as a large

ornamental shade tree. Farmersintroduced Northern Catalpa to

Ohio in order to produce large

amounts of relatively lightweight

timber for fenceposts, since the

wood is very resistant to rotting.


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Leaves

Flowers

Fruit

Winter Twig Bark


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A rapidly growing woodland treecommon throughout all of Ohio, is

often found in open fields and

previously harvested forests. Its

beautiful, fine-grained, orange-

brown to mahogany-colored

heartwood ranks second only toBlack Walnut as the ultimate choice

for making solid wood furniture,

interior trim, and high-quality

veneer. Its small fruits are relished

by birds and mammals as a food

source in late summer.


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Leaves

Flowers

Fruit

Twig Bark


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A type of Poplar that is presentthroughout all of Ohio, this is a tree

native to portions of the Eastern

United States, but makes its greatest

impact in the Midwest, Great Plains,

and south central United States. It is

almost as massive as Sycamore interms of its girth and broad-

spreading canopy. It frequents

floodplains and river bottoms, but

can also be planted in the driest of

soils and survive to produce

adequate shade.


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Leaves

Flowers

Early Fruit Late Fruit Bark


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Found throughout all of Ohio and theentire eastern half of the United

States, this is one of the most

popular ornamental trees, with four-

season appeal. Showy early spring

flowers are the yearly highlight, but

red fruits and crimson foliage inautumn, large floral buds and

checkered bark in winter, and year-

round layered branching add to its

appeal.


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Leaves

Flowers

Fruit

Winter Buds Bark


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This tree is similar in many ways toAmerican Elm, but differs in its

branching habit (it branches higher

on the trunk, with fewer main

branches), the texture of its slightly

larger leaves (they are sandpapery

on both sides), and the color of itsinterior heartwood (reddish-brown).

Slippery Elm is named after its slick,

mucilaginous inner bark, which was

chewed by the Native Americans

and pioneers to quench thirst when

water was not readily available. Alsoknown as Red Elm.


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Leaves

Flowers

Fruit

Twigs Bark


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Also known as Common Hackberry,Northern Hackberry, or American

Hackberry, is present throughout the

upper half of the eastern United

States, including almost all of Ohio. It

is a tree that frequents fencerows,

fields, and wastelands, and growsnaturally near bodies of water,

including floodplains and drainage

ditches. It is easily recognizable

from a distance by its light gray,

warty bark on massive trunks,

coupled with its rapid growth rateand large size.


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Leaves

Fruit

Witchs

BroomBarkCosmetic Disease


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A slow-growing but potentiallymassive tree located in all of Ohio, is

frequently found in dry uplands or

moist valleys in association with

other hickories and oaks. Its cut

timber is prized for making tool

handles, athletic equipment,furniture, construction timbers, and

firewood. The most distinctive

feature of this tree is its shaggy bark,

which peels in long, wide, thick

strips from the trunk and branches


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Leaves

Fruit

Old Bark

Twigs

Young Bark


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The "hop" portion of its name refersto the resemblance of its fruits to

those of true hops that are used in

the production of beer. Hornbeam

refers to a related European tree

whose wood was used to yoke oxen;

therefore, its American counterpartwood was also used as a "beam"

with which to yoke "horned" beasts

of burden. As a member of the Birch

Family, it is related to the Alders,

Birches, Hornbeams, and Filberts.


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Leaves

Catkins

Mature BarkFlower

Young Bark


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Once native to the southernAppalachian region of the Eastern

United States, this tree has now

spread throughout the world,

including all of Ohio. It is valuable as

an aggressive, rapidly growing

invader species that controlserosion. Initially colonizing by

seeds, it also suckers from the roots,

forming pure stands and snuffing out

competitive weeds and woody

plants. This olive-green wood have

anti-rotting properties.


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Leaves

Flowers

Fruit

BarkTwig


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Found throughout all of Ohio, beinga fairly common resident of

fencerows and open fields, but

achieving its most favorable growth

on the downslopes of streams and

floodplains of rivers, where the

deeper soils are moist to wet. Itsfine-textured foliage makes it stand

out when found next to trees with

larger leaves that block more

sunlight. This native of the

Mississippi, Ohio, and Tennessee

River Valleys has its large trunks andzigzag twigs adorned with thorns.


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Leaves

Flowers

Fruit

BarkTwigs


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A tree found throughout all of Ohio,is a common shade tree in urban

areas and primarily a wet site tree in

rural areas. Its leaves are the most

deeply indented of any type of

maple, and it is named for the fact

that its leaf undersides are silvery,and in a breeze the bicolor effect of

dark green and silver hues is

displayed in its canopy. A distinctive

trait of the lower branches is that

they become very pendulous yet

upswept at their tips.


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Leaves

Flowers

Fruit

BarkYoung Bark


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A favorite shade tree with reliablefall color, found in the forests and

meadows throughout all of Ohio, but

flourishing in the cooler climates

and more acidic soils of

northeastern Ohio and Appalachia.

It is valued for its hard, dense, fine-grained and difficult-to-split wood,

which is utilized for floors, furniture,

veneer, musical instruments, and

railroad ties.


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Leaves

Flowers

Fruit

BarkTwigs


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A species native to the entireEastern United States, is taller and

more open and gangly than its White

counterpart, achieving a height of 60

feet and a spread of 50 feet when

found in the open. Both produce

abundant amounts of fruits on theirfemale trees, which serve as a

source of food for wildlife in early

summer, and they have a

polymorphic type of leaf - that is, on

the same branch, there are often

multiple shapes to be seen.


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Leaves

Flowers

Fruit

BarkTwigs


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A major timber tree of the easternand Midwestern United States. The

tough, heavy wood of Red Oak has a

reddish-orange coloration, and is an

important hardwood for the Ohio

timber industry, involved in the

production of beams, railroad ties,furniture, flooring, and other usages.

Its large acorns mature earlier in the

season than those of most other

Oaks, thus providing a source of

food by late summer and throughout

autumn and winter for many formsof wildlife.


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Leaves

Twig

Fruit

Mature BarkFlowers

Young Bark
http://bioimages.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/q/hquru--flinflor18084.JPGhttp://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/q/hquru--lfsun13132.JPG


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Native to the entire eastern half ofthe United States, this tree is found

throughout all of Ohio, in habitats

ranging from dry forests and fields

to mesic woodlands and down

slopes. The undersides of its leaves

are white-green, and its wood is alight-colored beige that is almost

white when freshly cut. One of the

most important hardwoods, with its

hard, heavy, tough wood used as

lumber for beams, railroad ties,

flooring, barrels, furniture, and manyother uses.


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Leaves

Twig

Fruit

BarkFlowers
http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/q/hqual--fl19695.JPGhttp://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/q/hqual--tw15641.JPG


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A tree commonly seen in rural areaswhere it frequents fields and

fencerows. Its usage as a large

hedge tree in a row planting and the

softball-sized fruits of female trees

give it the alternative common name

of Hedge Apple. The Osage Indiansof the southern Great Plains and the

resemblance of its fruits to lime-

colored oranges give it the more

common name of Osage Orange.

Commercially, its very strong wood

is used to make the best bows forarchery.


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Leaves

Twig

Fruit

BarkFlowers


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An evergreen conifer, is todaywidely distributed throughout

eastern North America, including all

of Ohio. Today, it is logged for the

production of lumber, creosote-

soaked telephone poles, and as pulp

for the production of paper. WhitePine is commonly transplanted

today as a landscape evergreen tree,

and is also sold as a cut Christmas

tree.


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Needles

Flower

Cone

BarkTwigs


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This is the most common evergreen

conifer found throughout the entire

state, and it is valuable as a large

shrub or small tree that will thrive

where few other woody plants will

grow. Its aromatic heartwood is

lavendar-red in color, and is prizedfor making cedar chests, closet

wood lining, cedar shavings, small

carvings, pencils, and non-rotting

fence posts. It serves as an excellent

windbreak and erosion control

shrub in nature.


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Needles

Flower

Fruit

BarkTwigs


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Native to the entire eastern half of

the United States, including all of

Ohio. However, it is most frequent in

the acidic soils of southeastern Ohio,

and predominates in more southern

states with warmer winters.

Sassafras is a rapidly growingcolonizer, and forms thickets

primarily by root sprouts several

feet away from the parent plant. Oil

of Sassafras can be distilled from the

trunk bark or roots for use in

perfuming soaps, while Sassafras teais made by boiling the bark of roots.


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Leaves

Flower

Fruit

BarkTwigs


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An evergreen conifer, is found

throughout Ohio as a planted

ornamental, primarily in two forms.

The regular tree form has blue-

green needles and serves as a

slower-growing alternative to the

blue-needled Colorado, functioningeither as a solitary specimen or as a

group windbreak. The compact,

miniature tree form, known as Dwarf

Alberta Spruce, is one of the most

common dwarf conifers planted,

having a perfect spire shape andvery slow growth rate.


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Leaves

Flower

Cones

BarkSmaller Ornamental


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Native to the lower two-thirds of the

Eastern United States and parts of

Mexico, is only found naturally in

Ohio in its southernmost counties,

but is planted throughout most of the

state as a shade tree prized for its

brilliant fall colors and rapid growth.The name Sweetgum comes from

the taste of its hardened sap that

bleeds from wounds on the tree. The

hard-to-split wood is used as veneer

and stained other colors to mimic

other types of wood.


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Leaves

Twig

Fruit

BarkFlower


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While not the tallest tree, is

considered the most massive tree, as

defined by its circumference, in the

entire eastern half of the United

States, where is it native including all

of Ohio. This species is easily

identified by its height, its spreadingcanopy with several massive

branches, and its white bark in

winter. The paths of creeks and

rivers can be easily seen from a

distance in winter by following the

white bark of barren Sycamorecanopies.


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Leaves

Twig

Fruit

BarkFlower
http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/p/hploc--br10462.JPGhttp://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/biohires/p/hploc--fl19392.JPG


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A native of China, was brought to

this country in the early 1800's as a

source of food for silkworms, which

were simultaneously imported from

the Orient. Although raising

silkworms was a failure, the Tree-of-

Heaven remained, and while it

escapes to the wild on occasion, it

predominates in urban areas, and

thrives in disturbed and neglected

sites where polluted conditions and

poor, rocky soils prohibit anything

but weeds to grow.


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Leaves

Flower

Fruit

BarkTwig


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Found throughout all of Ohio, is

named for the appearance of its

showy flowers and the silhouette of

its large leaves, both of which

resemble tulips. It is also known as

Tulip Poplar and Yellow Poplar, in

reference to the fluttering of its

leaves like those of the Poplars, and

for the yellow colors of both its

flowers and fall foliage. Its

lightweight wood, often used as a

base for veneer, is straight-grained,

relatively soft for a hardwood, andhas a faded olive-green color.


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Leaves

Flower

Fruit

BarkTwig


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A rapidly growing tree common in

all of Ohio, is found everywhere due

to squirrels burying its nuts. Its

beautiful, fine-grained, chocolate-

brown, relatively lightweight

heartwood is the ultimate choice for

making solid wood furniture, interior

trim, gunstocks, and high-quality

veneer. The large nut contained

beneath the husks of Black Walnut is

round and can be cracked open to

expose the bittersweet, oily, and

highly nutritious kernel.


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Leaves

Flower

Fruit

BarkNuts

Twig


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Native to the entire eastern half of

North America, and encompasses all

of Ohio in its distribution. It is the

most common Willow in Ohio,

abundantly found around rivers and

swampy or marshy areas. It is one of

the few Willows with stipules that

encircle the stems, and it is named

for the black bark that is found on

mature trunks. As an ornamental, it

can even be planted as a fine-

textured shade tree, as it tolerates

dry soils with reduced vigor.


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Leaves

Flower

Fruit

BarkTwig


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We want to thank all of the resources onthe web for all of the material inserted

here. Most of the detail came from:Ohio Department of Natural Resources

What Tree is It?Dendrology at Virginia Tech

Vanderbuilt BioImages Site

Google Images
http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/Home/trees/default/tabid/5361/Default.aspxhttp://www.oplin.org/tree/index.htmlhttp://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/factsheets.cfmhttp://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/frame.htmhttp://images.google.com/imghp?ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tab=wihttp://images.google.com/imghp?ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tab=wihttp://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/frame.htmhttp://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/factsheets.cfmhttp://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/factsheets.cfmhttp://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/factsheets.cfmhttp://www.oplin.org/tree/index.htmlhttp://www.dnr.state.oh.us/Home/trees/default/tabid/5361/Default.aspx

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