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African Drylands Commodity Atlas

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Countries Covered by the Atlas• Burkina Faso Mali• Chad Mauritania• Djibouti Mozambique• Eritrea Niger• Ethiopia Senegal• Gambia Somalia• Lesotho Sudan• Malawi Tanzania, United

Republic of

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Atlas LayoutAfrican drylandsPreferential trade regimes

Citrus fruits Other fruits (non-citrus)Production in humid areas of dryland countriesCoffee, Cotton, Fishery products, Cereals, BiofuelPossibilities, Livestock products, Poultry products,Nuts, Oilseeds and oils, Roots and tubers, PulsesSpices, Vegetables, Sugar, Forest products,Tobacco

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Aridity Zones

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Rain Fall Zones

Main precipitation zones delineated using mean annual precipitation for the period 1981-2002

The SSA can be divided into threeprecipitation zones based on CRUdata (1981-2002). • Overall matching between theseprecipitation zones and KöppenGeiger climate map

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Citrus Fruits

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African LCD Dryland Citrus production

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Other Fruits Non-Citrus

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Coffee

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Coffee Marketing Chain

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Cotton

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Productivity and Exports

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Cotton Outlook

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Fishery products

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Fishery Exports

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Cereals

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Livestock products

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Poultry products

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Nuts

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Oilseeds and Oils

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Roots and Tubers

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Pulses

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Pulses Production in AfricaPulses Production in Africa

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Spices

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Spices Export Value

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Vegetables

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Vegetables Export Values

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West African Fresh Vegetable Trade

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Sugar Sugar consumption, 1961–2003 (million metric tons)

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Forest Products

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land degradation in the last 2 decades of the 20th century to have affected10% of SSA across the board (2 million square km)

10% of agricultural land (380.000 square km)likely to be underestimated (seen from space)

650.000 km2 of degrading land is not suitable for agriculture

Around 90.000 km2 is farmed nonetheless and should not be

Who is degrading the rest and why?290.000 km2 is farmed and degrading, half of it on poor soils

Overall, most of the degrading land has below average population densitySuggesting encroachment on fragile lands

very productive land is endangered250.000 km2 of grassland is degrading, despite greening of SahelOverall, 60 million people live on land that is degradingAt the current rate of degradation 10%/20 years,this century will see some serious conflicts over land resources

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Identify those agricultural regions where conditions are so unfavourableIdentify areas where population pressure is high and degradation is in full progress.

Every effort should be made to introduce sustainable farming practises in such areas.

Identify areas where pastoralist and farmers are exerting undue pressure on land that isintrinsically favourable for their use. These are areas of degradation of prime land whereresearch should be undertaken.

Locate those regions where farmers are encroaching or have occupied marginal land orwhere uncontrolled deforestation is taking place. Here, proper institutions should be put inplace to ensure that these processes do not damage the ecosystem services on whichsocieties depend.