combining cultures to create open institutional e-print archives making connections: connecting...
TRANSCRIPT
Combining Cultures to Create Open Institutional e-Print
Archives
Making Connections: Connecting People, Connecting Technology
ALT/SURF joint one-day conferenceAmsterdam 10th April 2003
Combining Forces:
Jessie Hey Information Manager
Chris Gutteridge Computer Programmer
University of Southampton, England
Cardigans and Anoraks combine forces Information
Specialist
Computer Scientist
Connecting People and Technology Followed by a
complementary presentation developing the issues from the Dutch perspective by
Kurt De Belder
Chief of Electronic Services
(in polo neck?)
Universiteit van Amsterdam
Workshop progression to make you open archive aware! What do we mean? What is the OAI-PMH!!!? (Chris) Subject based and institutional archives (Jessie) What is the GNU EPrints software? (Chris) What is TARDIS about and how have we worked
together? (Jessie) The broader UK vision (Jessie) The Dutch vision and activities (Kurt)
Interspersed with lots of questions
Many catalysts for open archives
Open as in freely available– Encouraged by Budapest Open Access
Initiative
Open as in interoperable– Encouraged by Open Archive Initiative
Budapest Open Access Initiative
http://www.soros.org/openaccess Launched 14th February 2002 by George Soros’s
Open Society Institute Worldwide coordinated movement dedicated to
freeing online access
Even wealthier institutions afford a small and shrinking proportion of the 4 million articles a year
The BOAI
Providing universities with the means through institutional self archiving
Providing support for new alternative journals offering open online access
Open societies need open access
Open Archive Initiative
Open Archive Initiative (OAI) – 1st meeting in Santa Fe, New Mexico 3 years ago
Now have an significant solution for open (interoperable) archives in OAI-PMH v 2 (Protocol for Metadata Harvesting) June 2002
Laid down rules which make search services for many distributed archives possible
Your database needs to be OAI-compliant!
e-Prints or eprints or e-prints
Electronic versions of research output including:– Journal articles– Conference papers– Book chapters– Reports– We take a holistic approach and include many items such
as theses– Others take a very narrow approach to further open access
to refereed papers
They may include unpublished manuscripts and papers presented for publication (as copyright allows)
Archives
Common term used for repositories/stores where authors self archive their work on the World Wide Web
Very different in character to traditional library archives
We have therefore used e-Prints service to clarify our mission
Entering another phase
Many enabling technologies, standards, and protocols to support institutional repositories already exist e.g. the OAI-PMH protocol to enable interoperability
The World Wide Web is taken for granted as part of the infrastructure
Anorak time
A busy person’s introduction to OAI-PMH
by Chris
Subject based archives
Pioneering example is ArXiv set up by Paul Ginsparg in 1991 Based on a culture of High Energy Physics preprints - trad.
Science journal so slow and expensive I helped produce the paper listing at CERN in the 70s for
circulation around the world the old-fashioned way Now needs a librarian’s eye to improve the subject navigation,
formats and interface as it is used also by non-techies Other archives now like CogPrints and RePEc - Working papers
in Economics - but not a huge number
All 3 here started by enthusiasts
arXiv – server weekly usage
Red - Number of connections in each week Blue - Number of hosts connecting that week (divide by 10 for correct number) Green - Number of new hosts that week (divide by 10)
eScholarship
The California Digital Library (created 1997) started producing some discipline based archives: as they produce more they see that both subject and institutional archives will emerge and complement each other.
They might, for example, have a branded research centre site and a central repository – TARDIS will be exploring these ideas too
They may contain a variety of e-Prints from preprints through conference papers through journal articles through teaching materials or even data (as planned by MIT)
Institutional Archives
Reawakening to the value of greater access to an institution’s research
Essential increase in visibility of our intellectual output A preservation role (like our traditional archivists?) –
at least a secure system and collaboration on a complex problem
I have papers that my colleagues who collaborated with me cannot read or do not have a copy of because we do not subscribe to that journal (problem highlighted by the UK Research Assessment Exercise)
From our departmental database Google will find the paper if we have self archived it
Range of Software Options for Archives/Repositories GNU EPrints [Southampton] DSpace [MIT/Hewlett Packard, USA] CDSware [CERN, Geneva] ARNO [Tilburg] ETD-db for theses [Virginia Tech, USA] Greenstone for digital libraries [New
Zealand]
Supporting Software
Software such as GNU EPrints from IAM group University of Southampton is free
Pioneered by Prof. Stevan Harnad to further the cause of self-archiving
EPrints 2 developed by Chris Gutteridge
Eprints mailing lists indicate takeup is global and new users feedback into EPrints (e.g. language)
Anorak time
What is GNU Eprints 2? by Chris
Our TARDIS project – what is it about? Targeting Academic Research for Deposit and
Disclosure (as it says on the tin) Building Towards a Sustainable e-Print service
for Southampton research Multidisciplinary collections with views for
communities Extended model with mediated deposit Input to design of the software to match
institutional repositories’ needs Presentations and documents at
http://tardis.eprints.org/
Time of preparatory work with departments, software and library Looking at departmental practice – environmental
assessment
Modifying aspects of software relevant to working on a broader front– Incorporating good library practice– Involving Human Computer Interaction lecturere.g.
• Submission process• Publication types• Format of output
Involving other librarians – e.g. workshop in March
Examples of current departmental web site publication data at Southampton University
Department
Books
Journal articles and book
chapters
Full text
Archaeology 47 205 2 Chemistry 13 1115 111 Economics 9 348 89 Electronics and Computer Science
131 6877 866 (personal web sites not counted)
English 62 181 3 Maths Education 21 149 34 Politics 49 89 6 Health Professions and Rehabilitation Sciences
8 324 0
Some other observations – how can we best complement their practice? Astronomy importing data from arXiv Economics feed into RePEc global archive Physicists may search SPIRES library
database linked to arXiv (recent survey results)
School of Health Professions is example of clear, well organised publications listing for staff but no full text
Academics have many demands for publications listings in a variety of formats
Copyright concerns must be addressed Raising awareness of key issues and making
help visible to depositor RoMEO project – publisher copyright policies
and self-archiving table found useful to both our librarians and academics
The impact of copyright ownership on open access. EUSIDIC Spring Meeting. Karlsruhe, 18 March 2003
Creating author deposit agreement for e-Prints Soton
Working together
Understanding what we both mean by fundamental concepts:
Preservation Cosmetic Understanding how the parts we care about
affect the other’s concerns – chicken and egg!
Library concerns v. database concerns Listening and explaining!
Open Archives Forum disseminates information about European activity An Aim: stimulating building of an open archives
infrastructure in Europe
Found country activity in: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy,
Norway, the Netherlands, Portugal, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, UK and 20 countries were at Geneva workshop in October 2002 2nd Workshop – Open Access to Hidden Resources
Lisbon Portugal 5-7 Dec 2002 for Libraries and Archives to explore viability of open archive
approach
Susanne Dobratz, 17. Oct. 2002, Geneva, 2nd Workshop on OAI: Gaining Independence with e-prints and OAI
IST- 2001-320015
We’re not alone – support from the USA The Case for Institutional Repositories:
a SPARC position paper – prepared by Raym Crow July 2002
Supplemented by: SPARC Institutional Repository
Checklist and Resources Guide October 2002
FAIR programme – support in the UK £3 million on 14 projects starting August
2002 Clusters:
– Museums and Images– E-Prints– E-theses– IPR– Institutional portals
UK Focus on Access to Institutional Resources – e-Prints TARDis: Targeting Academic Resources for
Dissemination and dISclosure SHERPA: broader - Consortium of Research
Libraries – filling archives and joint infrastructure
HaIRST: A testbed for Scotland ePrints-UK: also investigating subject
structure using Dewey classification
ePrints-UK architecture*
* reproduced with permission
FAIR: UK vision to increase access to scholarly assets FAIR programme for a Focus on Access to Institutional
Resources Inspired by the vision of the Open Archives Initiative (OAI)
that digital resources can be shared between organisations based on a simple mechanisim allowing metadata about these resources to be harvested into services
To support the disclosure of institutional assets: To support access to and sharing of institutional content
within Higher Education and Further Education and to allow intelligence to be gathered about the technical, organisational and cultural challenges of these processes…
TARDis – to summarise
Providing an exemplar institutional archive at Southampton – practising what we preach and building on the software and advocacy examples provided by Southampton people
Combining self-archiving (including departmental archives) and an institutional archive (mediated by the library)
Feeding back new demands of each into the EPrints software as librarians (not techies)
Describing the vision – but can we change the university culture(s)?
Next stage - Moving on to the Dutch perspective Philosophy Practice Producing Services
How do they relate to our UK experience as illustrated by our e-Prints Soton handout?
Thank you - Chris Gutteridge and Jessie Hey And on to Kurt De Belder