Combined PIFA and monopole with rectangular

slot and parasitic element for mobile handset

#Joong Ho Maeng, Ju Bong Yu, Chan Kyu An, Jun Ho Jeon, Woon Geun Yang

Dept. of Electronics Engineering, University of Incheon

177 Dowha-dong, Nam-gu, Incheon, 402-749, Republic of Korea

E-mail: wgyang@incheon.ac.kr

1. Introduction

With the rapid development of the mobile communications and the telecommunications

industry, the cellular phone has become a popular consumer devices. The phone with small size,

multi-function and high-performances is the trend, and this put forward the antenna design for

cellular handsets to meet higher requirements [1]. As a result, the need for wireless communication

handsets antenna with at least five multiple resonances covering different bands has grown

substantially [2]. Furthermore, by comparing to the conventional external monopole or helix

antennas, a mobile phone antenna that can be integrated into the handset offers many advantages,

such as less easily broken off, reduced power absorption by the head, and less sensitive to the

geometry of the handset [3]. The planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is widely used in mobile device

because it can offer compact size and multiband internal antenna operation. In most of the research

on multiband PIFA technology, the major success achieved has been in the design of a single feed

PIFA with dual resonant frequencies. Depending upon the wide bandwidth around the resonant

frequencies, the dual resonant PIFA can potentially cover more than two bands [4, 5].

In this paper, we propose a PIFA for multiband operation covering K-PCS (Korea-Personal

Communication Service, 1750 – 1870 MHz), US-PCS (US-Personal Communication Service, 1850

– 1990 MHz), WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, 1920 – 2170 MHz), Wibro

(2300 – 2390 MHz) and Bluetooth (2400 – 2485 MHz) bands. The proposed antenna is consisting

of three parts with rectangular slot and parasitic element.

2. Proposed antenna

(a) (b)

Figure 1: Geometry of the proposed antenna

(a) Top and side view

(b) Detailed dimensions of the proposed antenna

The 2009 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP 2009)October 20-23, 2009, Bangkok, THAILAND

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Fig. 1 shows the geometry of the proposed planar inverted-F antenna. The proposed antenna

is mounted on top of 80 × 40 mm2 sized ground plane as shown in Fig 1(a). Ground plane is an

inexpensive FR4 with the dielectric constant of 4.4 and the thickness of 1.6 mm. Fig. 1(b) shows the

detailed dimensions of the proposed antenna that consists of 3 major parts. The upper-side is a PIFA

with rectangular slot. And the lower-side is monopole and parasitic element. The PIFA and the

monopole are fed by a 50 ohm SMA cable.

3. Simulation and measurement results

The characteristics of the proposed antenna were simulated by using HFSS (High

Frequency Structure Simulator) of Ansoft. The implemented antenna is shown in Fig. 2.

(a) (b) (c)

Figure 2: Photograph of the implemented antenna

(a) Top-view, (b) Bottom-view, (c) Side-view

The measurements of electrical characteristics such as radiation patterns and return loss of

the implemented antenna were conducted in an anechoic chamber equipped with a HP 8510C

network analyzer and a far field measurement system. Fig. 3 shows simulated and measured return

loss characteristic. The measured return loss of the design example is shown in Fig. 3 which

demonstrates that the proposed antenna covers the frequency band of 1.7 GHz ~ 2.5 GHz for

VSWR<3.

Figure 3: Simulated and measured return loss

The 2009 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP 2009)October 20-23, 2009, Bangkok, THAILAND

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The measured co-polarization and cross-polarization radiation patterns of the implemented

antenna in the x-y plane, y-z plane and z-x plane at five different frequencies are illustrated in Fig. 4.

The measured radiation patterns show that the antenna has omnidirectional radiation characteristic.

The measured peak gains are -1.336, 0.745, 2.535, -0.798 and 0.686 dBi for K-PCS, US-PCS,

WCDMA, Wibro and Bluetooth bands, respectively.

x-y plane y-z plane z-x plane

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x-y plane y-z plane z-x plane

(b)

x-y plane y-z plane z-x plane

(c)

x-y plane y-z plane z-x plane

(d)

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The 2009 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP 2009)October 20-23, 2009, Bangkok, THAILAND

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x-y plane y-z plane z-x plane

(e)

Figure 4: Measured radiation patterns

(a) at 1810 MHz (K-PCS)

(b) at 1920 MHz (US-PCS)

(c) at 2040 MHz (WCDMA)

(d) at 2345 MHz (Wibro)

(e) at 2440 MHz (Bluetooth)

4. Conclusion

We proposed a multiband antenna, a combined PIFA and monopole with a rectangular slot

and parasitic element for the K-PCS, US-PCS, WCDMA, Wibro and Bluetooth bands. Measured

results for the implemented antenna show that the frequency band of 1.7 GHz ~ 2.5 GHz is covered

for VSWR<3 which is enough for mobile handsets. And the radiation patterns are found to be

reasonable at the five bands of operation. The proposed antenna is expected useful for mobile

handset applications.

References

[1] Yongming Li, Xun Zhang, Jihui Yu, Quandi Wang, Bo Tan, “Simulation of EM field in head

model and shielding effectiveness for cellular handset with PIFA,” Proc. World Automation

Congress 2008, USA, pp. 1-4, 2008.

[2] Byoung-Nam Kim, Seong-Ook Park, Jae-Ho Lee, Jeong-Kun Oh, Kyung-Joon Lee, Gwan-

Young Koo, “Hepta-band planar inverted-F antenna with novel feed structure for wireless

terminals,” Antennas and Propagation International Symposium, pp. 1257-1260, 2007.

[3] Hong-Twu Chen, Kin-Lu Wong, Tzung-Wern Chiou, “PIFA with a meandered and folded patch

for the dual-band mobile phone application,” IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, Vol.

51, No. 9, pp. 2468-2471, 2003.

[4] Nashaat, D.M., Elsadek, H.A., Ghali, H., “Single Feed Compact Quad-Band PIFA Antenna for

Wireless Communication Applications,” IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 53, No. 8,

pp. 2631-2635, 2005.

[5] Yu, Y.C., Tarng, J.H., “A Novel Modified Multiband Planar Inverted-F Antenna,” IEEE

Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 8, pp. 189-192, 2009.

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The 2009 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP 2009)October 20-23, 2009, Bangkok, THAILAND

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