European Colonization and the Columbian Exchange

Compelling Question:

How did Spanish, French, Dutch, and English settlement lead to globalization that would change the world forever?

Supporting Questions

• What do we know about Spanish, French, Dutch, and English settlement in the New World?

• What is globalization and what did it look like in the 17th century?

• How did 17th century globalization affect Europe, Africa, and North America?

Notes: Colonization and Columbian Exchange

Map: 1763

Conquest of Central/South America

Mexico • 1521 Cortez attacked the

Aztecs with the help of other Native Americans.

• The Aztecs were defeated mainly because of smallpox

Peru

• 1530: Pizarro left Panama to conquer the Incas.

The Aztecs surrender to Cortex, The British Library

Colonial Latin America

• St. Augustine, FL (1565)

• Encomienda system – conquistadors received grants of a

number of Indians, from whom they could exact gold or labor.

– supposed to protect and Christianize the Indians, but effectively enslaved them.

• Mestizo culture combined indigenous and European worlds.

• Presidios – Forts built to protect Spanish outposts and colonies

• Mission System - established congregaciones in which natives would farm, live and worship like Catholic Europeans

Stand up – Hand up – Pair up

When I say “go,” you’ll stand up, put one hand in the air, and high-five the 1st person you see that isn’t your shoulder partner.

After high-fiving, say hello and find out their birthdate then wait for further instructions.

• Rally back and forth – person 1 starts (person 1 has the longest hair)

• Pick out 1 character in the image and describe what they might be saying.

• What images or symbols stick out to you?

• What is the artist’s message?

New France (continue notes)

• French missionaries tried to convert the Indians

• Hunters and trappers (coureurs de bois – “runners of the woods”)

• Friendly relations with the Indians as business partners

• Largely free of government control

New Netherlands

• New Amsterdam (NYC) became the center for trade. (Dutch West India Company)

• The Dutch and French became rivals in the fur trade. They established alliances with Native tribes, thus increasing warfare.

The English Colonies (much more on this later)

• English sought to establish colonies based on agriculture and religion

• Large numbers of men and women sent to acquire land and populate settlements

• Hostile relationships with American Indians.

Key Concepts/Definitions:

• Columbian Exchange: sharing of plants, animals, diseases, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Western and Eastern Hemispheres.

• Triangular Trade: trade between Africa, Europe and Americas of slaves, manufactured goods, and raw materials.

• New World: the Americas

• Old World: Europe, Asia, Africa

Quiz – Ch. 1

Columbian Exchange DBQ Stations

• You will rotate through 6 Stations

• After you complete your research, we will discuss the following:

• Positive and negative effects of the exchange between Europe and the New World.

• How culture in the Americas changed as a result of exploration.

Wrap Up

Compelling Question:

• How did Spanish, French, Dutch, and English settlement lead to globalization that would change the world forever?

Supporting Questions

• What do we know about Spanish, French, Dutch, and English settlement in the New World?

• What is globalization and what did it look like in the 17th century?

• How did 17th century globalization affect Europe, Africa, and North America?

•