color theory what is color?. what is it? color is the visual perception of the reflection of light
TRANSCRIPT
Color Theory
What is color?
What is it?
• Color is the visual perception of the reflection of light.
Law of Color
• Only three colors, called primary “pure” colors
Yellow, red and blue
Secondary Colors
• Two primary colors mixed in varying proportions =
OrangeGreen Violet
Color Wheel
• 12 –hue color circle created from the three primary colors
• Name of a color referred to as tone or hue, identified by its position on the color wheel.
• Tone can be described as warm, cool or neutral.
Warm and Cool Colors
• Colors can be classified as either warms or cool colors
Complementary Colors
• Opposite one another on the color wheel.• When mixed
equally they neutralized each other
Characteristics of Color
• Color has three main characteristics– Hue- identified based on
it’s position on the color wheel
– Value/level degree of lightness or darkness of a color relative to itself and other colors
– Intensity- the vividness, brightness or saturation within its own level
Identifying Existing Color
Contributing color +Artificial
Color=Final color
result
Melanin
• Two types of melanin in the cortex of the hair
• Eumelamin-black pigment
• Pheomelamin- red pigment
Gray Hair
• Melanocytes slow down production
• Strands lose color• Heredity• Different patterns of
gray• Percentages of gray vary
with individuals
Applications for Gray
• 75-80% gray hair; adjust color formula to one level darker than desired level
• 25-30% gray; apply a color one level lighter than the desired shade
Gray Hair
• Pre-soften resistant hair or pre-lighten to increase porosity
Hair Color Chemistry
• Types of hair color– Non-oxidative-non-
reactive, direct dyes that only coat the surface of the hair shaft/ nothing to lighten and no chemical changes occur. Certified colors used in foods, drug and cosmetics last until shampooed out
Non-Oxidative Color
• Semi-permanent– Last through several
shampoos, dye molecules in solution capable of penetrating the cuticle layer, smaller in size, slightly alkaline.
Oxidative Hair Color
• Demi-uses low volume peroxide developer, only add color to the hair, cannot lift hair color
Permanent Hair Colors
• Combined with peroxide, chemical reaction occurs
• Small molecules penetrate the hair, oxidize in the cortex and link to form a permanent colored molecule
Permanent Hair Colors
• Also referred to as aniline derivative tints/ penetrate the cuticle and cortex, remain until they are removed by chemical means, hair grows out and is cut off.
• Main ingredient is paraphenylene diamine
24 hour patch test mustBe given before any permanentHair color applicationTo ensure the client is notAllergic to the product
Lighteners
• Bleaching or de-colorizing, used when a lighter hair color is desired
• Involves the oxidation of the natural melanin in the hair.
• Hair goes through several stages of color changes as it is lightened
Types of Lighteners
• On-the-scalp lighteners– Gentle can be applied
directly on the scalp• Oil lighteners pH 9• Cream lighteners pH 9
Off- the- scalpPowder bleach, alkaline
salts and strong oxidizing agents. Stronger than oil or cream
Developers
• Hydrogen peroxide (H²O²) most common oxidizing agent
• Volume = amount of oxygen gas removed from solution. Also called developer
Vegetable, Metallic and Compound Dyes
• Not professionally used• Contain vegetable dyes• Metallic salts and or
combination of the two• Henna• Interfere with other
professional beauty services
• Can be toxic to the client and the operator