Colonizing the Americas: Trustee Colony

Sailing to Georgia• Oglethorpe

interviewed hundreds of people and chose 35 families to take.

• They sailed on the Anne with 114 people on board.

• King George II signed the charter to create Georgia

• 21 Trustees would lead Georgia

The Creation of Georgia

• Trustees- prominent men granted charter

• Charitable: relief for debtors

• Economic: provide cheap natural resources to Britain

• Defensive: Buffer from Spanish raids on S.C.

Reason for Colony: Charitable

• James Edward Oglethorpe- member of Parliament argued for prison reform (rather than throwing people in jail for debt they should be sent to America to work)

Hard Times in England: Economic• Experiencing

Agricultural problems, cities overcrowded, debtors in prison

• Wanted to create a debtors colony – Sell raw materials– Buy from England– Buffer from Spanish

attacks on S.C.

Creating a Trustee Colony: Defense• Spanish encouraged

Native Americans to raid Charles Town

• South Carolina built Fort King George at the mouth of the Altamaha River but abandoned it.

New Rules for a New Colony• Trustees could not

own land• Claimed colony could

pay for itself by supplying: silk, wine, oils, dyes, and medicine

• Males inherited land• Wanted a “classless”

society.

Things NOT allowed:

• Lawyers

• Rum

• Catholics

• Blacks

• Slavery

Establishing the Colony

• Yamacraw Bluff- Spot beside Savannah River, became Savannah– Excellent view of

surrounding area– Including trading

post run by John & Mary Musgrove

Chief Tomochichi

• Tomochichi-Chief of the Yamacraw; part of the Creek

• Agreed to allow colonists settle at Yamacraw Bluff

• Colonists arrived on February 1st, 1733

John And Mary Musgrove

• Musgrove’s had a trading monopoly

• Whites and Indians traded with them

• Mary supplied the colonists with meat, bread and other supplies

Continued Help from the Musgroves and Tomochichi

• Mary & John serve as translators

• John Wesley-Minister brought over from England

• Tomochichi was an important ally to England

• Reconfirmed land grant of 1733

Negotiating with the Creek

• Treaty of Savannah-Creek agree to give land to colonist; colonists agree to trade at set prices

• Creek would return escape slaves to South Carolina

• Oglethorpe promised not to move into other areas of Creek land

More Residents for the Colony• Salzburgers from Salzburg

made up the largest ethnic group. (EBENEZER)– Came for religious freedom– Establish silk industry– Raise cattle– Farm– Lumber production

• Scots Highlanders-built a fort in Darien– They were well known for their

bravery and determination during battle.

– Brought in to protect the area from the Spanish located in Florida.

• Fort Federica built on St Simons Island.

Religion in the Colony• Roman Catholics not

welcome: Threatened by Spanish in Florida

• John Wesley-Founded Methodist church

• George Whitefield-Founded Bethesda home for orphans

• Oglethorpe acted as protector of Georgia

• Promised “Good discipline” make its people better Christians.

Responsibilities of the Trustees

• Fed and clothed colonists for one year & provided seed & tools

• Men received military training in England

• Each family given 50 acres; 5 acre garden; 45 acre farm

• required to grow silk

1. Who lived in Florida?

2. Who lived in Georgia?

3. Who were translators for the Indians and English?

4 & 5. Name 2 things not allowed in GA.

6. What was the name of the Indian chief?

7. Where did the English arrive in the New world?

8. Who lived in S.C.?

9.Who was GA named after?

10. Who founded Bethesda?