collaborative ontology
TRANSCRIPT
Collaborative Ontology
Chandan Kumar Deb
M.Sc.
Roll No.: 20046
Computer Application
Contents
• Introduction
• Why collaboration ?
• Overview
• Conflicts
• Inference Engine to Detect Conflicts
• Tools for Collaborative Ontology
• Demo
• Work done
• References
INTRODUCTION
Introduction
• An ontology is an explicit specification of a
shared conceptualization
• Collaborative Ontology is -
“Two or more people interact and exchange
knowledge in order to build a common,
shared ontology in pursuit of a shared,
collective, bounded goal.”( Gruber, T)
Continued…
• First, the tools of Collaborative ontology
introduce from the CKC challenge of
WWW in the conference of Banff, Canada
in 2007.
• Goal: Find out what is the state of the art
for the tools for collaborative construction
of structured knowledge
Continued…
• In that conference the following tools used
for Collaboration ontology:
• Ontology editors
I)Collaborative Protégé
II)OntoWiki
III)Hozo
WHY COLLABORATION?
Why collaboration ?
• Limitation of stand-alone ontology
• Advantages of Collaborative Ontology
Limitation of stand-alone ontology
Ontologies are becoming so large in their
coverage
o No single person or a small group of people
can develop effectively an ontology
development
o Limitation of Domain Knowledge
Advantages of Collaborative
Ontology
Collaboration in Ontology integrated
• Ontology-editing process
• Chats
• Annotations of changes
Continued…
1. Synchronous/Asynchronous Information
Exchange
2. Concurrency Control
3. Private/Shared Workspace
4. Group Awareness
5. Version Control
6. History Tracing
Figure: Switching Over from Ontology to Collaborative Ontology
From Ontology to Collaborative Ontology
OVERVIEW
Overview of Collaborative
Ontology• It adopts B/S architecture, and uses OWL as
ontology language
• There are two parts 1) Private workspace
2) Public workspace
Continued…
• 1) Private workspace
Private Work Space
Private Work Space
CommandPackage
Pool
Collaborative ConflictChecking
Server OntologyS
Base
Conflict Handler Inconsistency Handler
Segment
Segment
NewSegment
Log
Update
ExpertOver view
Detected Detected
Fig: Overview of Collaborative Ontology Building Process
Notify
Notify
Continued…
• 2) Public workspace
Private Work Space
Private Work Space
CommandPackage
Pool
Collaborative ConflictChecking Server
OntologySBase
Conflict Handler Inconsistency Handler
Segment
Segment
NewSegment
Log
Update
ExpertOver view
Detected Detected
Fig: Overview of Collaborative Ontology Building Process
Notify
Notify
In the public workspace, there are 5
main processes:
1) a command
package pool
2)Conflicts
Handler
3)Inconsistency
Handler
4) Experts review
5) Ontology base
CommandPackage
Pool
Server OntologyS
Base
Conflict Handler
Inconsistency Handler
NewSegment
CONFLICTS OF
COLLABORATION
CONFLICT OF COLLABORATION
• A conflict happens whenever one or more
designers give incompatible solutions to the
same problem, or whenever they evaluate
negatively a proposed solution.
• Types of conflict:
I)Consistency Conflicts
II)Collaborative Conflicts
III)Anomalistic Conflicts
Continued…
Animal Plant
Tiger Rat Apple
Different
From
Figure: Initial Ontology Segment
Examples:
User1:
• DelClass(“Rat”)
• AddClass(“Mouse”)
• AddSubClass(“Plant”,’X’)
• AddSubClass(“Animal”,’X’)
Continued…
Animal Plant
Tiger Mouse Apple
Different
From
Figure: Consistency Conflict
X
Examples:
User2:
• AddClass(‘Cat’)
• AddObjProperty (‘Cat’, ‘FavoritesFood’,
‘Rat’)
• AddSubClass(‘Tiger’, ‘SouthChianTiger’)
Continued…
Animal Plant
Tiger Mouse Apple
Different
From
Figure: Collaborative Conflict
Cat
Continued…
Animal Plant
Tiger Mouse Apple
Different
From
Figure: Anomalistic Conflict
Cat
SouthChianTiger
Applying an Inference Engine to Detect
Conflicts
• If collaborative conflicts detected
launch a discussion thread.
• If Consistency OR Anomalistic Conflicts
Use the OWL reasoner:
eg: Pellet, F-OWL, FaCT++
• Expert View
Continued…
PrivateWorkShop
PrivateWorkShop
PrivateWorkShop
OWLReasoner
Publishing PublicSpace
Discussion Thread
Figure: Publication of ontologies into the public space
Expert View
TOOLS
Tools for Collaborative Ontology
• Wiki@ant
• Ontilinqua Server
• OntoEdit
• Collaborative Protege
• NeON
• Web protege
Wiki@ant
• The name ”Wiki@nt” suggests that it has a
wiki-like editing environment
Figure: Architecture of Wiki@nt
WIKIJena
ontologymodel
AgentInf
Import/Export
DB
Files
User
Agent
Continued…
Wiki
WIKIJena
ontologymodel
AgentInf
Import/Export
DB
Files
Continued…
• Markup script tags
• Translated to user friendly text
• For example, axiom SubClassOf(Dog Carnivore ) in
the Animal Ontology could be represented
by N-Triple syntax/ wiki scipt.
• wiki script is
[animal:Dog][rdfs:subClassOf][animal:Carnivore]
Continued…
Wiki Engine
WIKIJena
ontologymodel
AgentInf
Import/Export
DB
Files
Continued…
• Provides a web interface
• Translates the Wiki@nt script to HTML
• Manages the storage of wiki pages
• Provides transaction management
• Generates reference report for each wiki
pages
• Version control
Continued…
Ontology exporting/importing
WIKIJena
ontologymodel
AgentInf
Import/Export
DB
Files
Continued…
The Agent Interface
WIKIJena
ontologymodel
AgentInf
Import/Export
DB
Files
Ontilingua Server
Figure:Architecture of Ontolingua Server
It has three parts:
•Remotes
Collaborator
•Remote
Application
•Stand Alone
Application
Continued…
Figure:Architecture of Ontolingua Server
Ontolingua editor /
server
•Access
•Create
•Modify
Collaborative Protégé
• Free, open source ontology editor and
knowledge-base framework
• Support for different:
ontology languages (OWL, RDF(S), Frames)
• Back-ends: data base, XML etc.
• Java-based
Continued…
Figure:Screenshot of CP
Continued…
• Extension of existing Protégé system
• Support for:
annotating ontology components and
changes in the ontology
discussion threads
proposals and voting
• Available in multi-user and stand-alone
modes
Continued…
Collaboration Panel
Figure:Screenshot of CP
DEMONSTRATION
WORK DONE
Work done by collaborative
ontology
• WikiPedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/): WikiPedia are written in natural language editable by
participants, wiki-based
• Gene Ontology (GO)
• National Cancer Institute’s Thesaurus
(NCI Thesaurus)
• Biomedical Grid Terminology (BiomedGT)2
References
Tudorache, T., Noy,N., Vendetti,J., edmond,T.:
Collaborative Ontology Development on
Protégé,LNCS,Volume 5318,pp.17-32(2010)
Natalya Fridman Noy, Abhita Chugh, Harith
Alani: The CKC Challenge: Exploring Tools
for Collaborative Knowledge Construction.
IEEE Intelligent Systems 23(1): 64-68 (2008)
References
Sure.Y, Erdmann.M, Angele.J, Staab.S, Studer.R, and Wenke.D.
OntoEdit: Collaborative ontology development forthe semantic
web. In Proceedings of the first International Semantic Web
Conference 2002 (ISWC 2002), June 9-12 2002,
Sardinia, Italia. Springer, LNCS 2342, 2002.
Bao.J and Honavar.V. Collaborative ontology building with
wiki@nt - a multi-agent based ontology building environment.
Technical report, TR00000343, Computer Science, Iowa State
University, 2004.
• www.stanford.edu