Cold War Overview and Cold War Overview and FallFall

Directions: Directions:

Answer questions 1-8 in the PPT.Answer questions 1-8 in the PPT.

1945: The Cold War Begins1945: The Cold War Begins Rivalry between Rivalry between

the United States the United States and the U.S.S.Rand the U.S.S.R

Democracy and the Democracy and the Free Enterprise Free Enterprise System v. System v. Communism and Communism and Command Command Economic SystemEconomic System Superpowers

1. Why are these two nations “Superpowers”?

By 1945, there were two Chinese governmentsBy 1945, there were two Chinese governments

The Communist government of Mao Zedong in Northern

China

Soviet Union supported.

The Nationalist government of Chiang Kai-shek based in southern

and central China

United States supported.

In In 19461946, a civil war broke out between the , a civil war broke out between the Nationalists and the Communists. Many peasants Nationalists and the Communists. Many peasants were attracted to the Communists by the promises of were attracted to the Communists by the promises of land.land.

By By 19491949, the People’s Liberation Army, commanded , the People’s Liberation Army, commanded by Chairman Mao had defeated the Nationalists. by Chairman Mao had defeated the Nationalists. Chiang Kai-shek and two million followers fled to the Chiang Kai-shek and two million followers fled to the island of island of TaiwanTaiwan..

•Officially, in 1949, the Communist Party, led by Mao Zedong, took over China.

•Today, communism is still the government of China, but changes have taken place since 1949.

http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/world/jan-june11/china2_04-04.html

http://abcnews.go.com/WNT/video/beijing-air-pollution-forces-20-million-people-indoors-18204753

2. Do you think China is changing politically to give people more voice and freedom? Why or why not?

Iron CurtainIron Curtain

““Iron CurtainIron Curtain” ” divides the divides the continent, continent, symbolized by symbolized by Berlin WallBerlin Wall

(Built in 1961)(Built in 1961)

The Soviet East v. The Soviet East v. Democratic WestDemocratic West

3. What did you learn from the video?

http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/berlin-wall/videos/deconstructing-history-berlin-wall?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false

NATO v. Warsaw PactNATO v. Warsaw Pact

NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization allied with the USAallied with the USA

Warsaw Pact – allied with the USSRWarsaw Pact – allied with the USSR

4. Alliances!! Where have we seen this inhistory before? Whatwas the outcome?

Policy of ContainmentPolicy of Containment

US President US President Truman’s foreign Truman’s foreign policy aimed at policy aimed at stopping the stopping the spread of spread of communismcommunism

5. What exactly is President Truman Trying to “contain”? Why?

Cold War Heats UpCold War Heats Up

Vietnam War Korean War

6. What similarities do you see?

Nuclear ThreatNuclear Threat

Cuban Missile CrisisCuban Missile Crisis Nuclear Weapons and theory of Nuclear Weapons and theory of

deterrencedeterrence

New Leader for Soviet UnionNew Leader for Soviet Union

Mikhail Gorbachev Mikhail Gorbachev • Come to power Come to power

19851985• Calls for glasnost Calls for glasnost • Urges perestroikaUrges perestroika• Last president of Last president of

the Soviet Unionthe Soviet Union

Cold War EndsCold War Ends

Fall of Communism 1989Fall of Communism 1989• Berlin Wall comes down November 9, 1989Berlin Wall comes down November 9, 1989• Germany unifies October 3, 1990Germany unifies October 3, 19907. What words would you use to describe the feelings during 7. What words would you use to describe the feelings during

the fall of the Berlin Wall?the fall of the Berlin Wall?

http://www.nbcnews.com/video/nightly-news/33773894/#33773894

Why Cold War EndsWhy Cold War Ends

Nationalism in Warsaw Pact countriesNationalism in Warsaw Pact countries Soviet economic collapseSoviet economic collapse Expansion of NATOExpansion of NATO 8. Which reason in the song do you think most contributed to the 8. Which reason in the song do you think most contributed to the

end of the Soviet Union.end of the Soviet Union.

http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/fall-of-soviet-union/videos/the-fall-of-the-soviet-union