GIC Work Sample: Before

12.1 Verb Tenses—Uses Simple Present

Examples ExplanationKids need powerful learning experiences.Irving always tries to help students.

With general truths, regular activity, or repeated action

He has a lot of experience as a pilot.He loves to help kids.

With nonaction verbs

If you give kids inspiring activities, they will want to learn.

In a future time or if clause

Present ContinuousExamples ExplanationThose kids are building a car. With actions that are happening nowThe kids are gaining confidence.Irving is trying to inspire kids.

With actions that are happening in a present time period

FutureExamples ExplanationIrving is going to share his knowledge about the world.He’ll send information to his students.

With plans and predictions (use will or be going to)

If you build an airplane, I’ll fly it. With promises (use will)

Simple PastExamples ExplanationIrving flew around the world in 2007. With actions.

BeExamples ExplanationBarrington Irving is a pilot.He is interested in helping students.

With classification of the subject.

There are many ways to teach children. With there

Irving was born in Jamaica. With born

ModalsExamples ExplanationKids can do great things.People should follow their dreams.

Modals add more meaning to the main verb. The modals are can, could, should, may, might, and must. After a modal, we use the base form.

Kids have to gain confidence. The phrasal modals are have to, be able to, be allowed to.

GIC Work Sample: After

12.1 Verb Tenses—ReviewUses The Simple Present

Examples ExplanationKids need powerful learning experiences.Irving always tries to help students.Irving comes from Florida.

We use the simple present with general truths or customs, regular activitiesy or repeated actions, andor repeated actionplaces of origin.

He has a lot of experience as a pilot.He loves to help kids.

We use the simple present with non-action verbs.

If you give kids inspiring activities, they will want to learn.

We use the simple present iIn a future time orclauses and if clauses.

The Present ContinuousExamples ExplanationThose kids are building a car. We use the present continuous with

actions that are happening now.[[insert example]] We use the present continuous with the

non-action verbs sit, stand, wear, and sleep to describe a state or condition that we can observe now.

The kids are gaining confidence.Irving is trying to inspire kids.

We use the present continuous with longer actions that are happening in a present time periodin progress but may not be happening at this exact moment.

The FutureExamples ExplanationIrving will fly around the world again.[[insert example]]

We use will or be going to with simple facts about the future.

Irving is going to share his knowledge about the world.He’ll send information to his students.

We use will or be going to with plans and predictions (use will or be going to).

If you build an airplane, I’ll fly it. We use will with promises. (use will)[[insert example]] We use be going to when there is a

previous plan to do something.

The Simple PastExamples ExplanationIrving flew around the world in 2007.He practiced flying skills on a flight simulator video game.

We use the simple past with single and repeated short past actions.

Irving lived in Miami. We use the simple past with longer actions that began and ended in the past.

BeExamples ExplanationBarrington Irving is a pilot.He is interested in helping students.

We use be with descriptions, classifications, and definitions of the subject.

His parents’ store was in Miami.Irving was 15 when he decided to become a pilot.

We use be with the location, place of origin, and age of the subject.

[[insert example]]There are many ways to teach children.

With theree use be with the subject pronouns this, that, these, those, and there.

[[insert example]]Irving was born in Jamaica.

With borne use be to talk about weather and time. The subject is it.

ModalsExamples ExplanationKids can do great things.People should follow their dreams.

We use mModals to add more meaning to the main verb. The modals are can (ability, possibility, permission), could, should (advice), may (future possibility), might (future possibility), and must (necessity, sense of urgency). After a modal, we use the base form.

Kids have to gain confidence.[[suggest second example]]

The phrasal modals are have to (necessity), be able to (ability), and be allowed to (permission). After phrasal modals, we use the base form.