cognitive radio for military communications spawar march 2012
DESCRIPTION
Presentation given on cognitive radios in military communications delivered at SRPAWAR Conference March 2012.TRANSCRIPT
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 1
The information presented herein is strictly confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com
xMax Cognitive Radio Networks
MARCH 2012
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 2
Why cognitive radio matters
Civilian and host nation operators are demanding additional spectrum resources for data hungry consumers
Spectrum challenges for the warfighter are multiplied by global operations and jamming (intentional & unintentional)
Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) and Cognitive Radio
• Identify and access unused spectrum globally
• Advanced interference detection, mitigation and avoidance
• Connectivity and capacity – when and where needed
Existing Spectrum Allocations Existing Spectrum Allocations Exponential global spectrum management challenges
Inundated Global
Spectrum
Solution
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 3
Commercial Environment Military Environment
Massive demand for wireless applications Issue every soldier a cell phone
Limited supply of spectrum No new spectrum – relocate/share existing?
Lack of spectrum precludes new market entry
Host nation spectrum access
Expensive service plans Expensive service plans
Mobility On the move
Smartphone adoption Smartphone as force multiplier
Commercial vs. military challenges
► Shared pursuit of a cost-effective mobile voice and broadband capability using a single set of IP infrastructure
► Flexible all-IP architecture allows xMax to answer commercial and unique military requirements – “future-proof”
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 4
Unique military requirements
Commercial Environment Military Environment
Massive demand for wireless applications Issue every soldier a cell phone
Limited supply of spectrum No new spectrum – relocate/share exisiting?
Lack of spectrum precludes new market entry Host nation spectrum access
Expensive service plans Expensive service plans
Mobility On the move
Smartphone adoption Smartphone as force multiplier
Military Environment
Issue every soldier a cell phone
No new spectrum – relocate/share existing?
Host nation spectrum access
Expensive service plans
On the move
Smartphone as force multiplier
Security, encryption, LPD, LPI, LPJ
Reduced SWaP
Expeditionary/tactical networks
Real-time apps, low latency, future-proof
Rapid deploy, self organizing networks
Precedence, flow management
Apps, C3I, across the operational continuum
Additional requirements
“Commercial cellular communications has much to offer the Army but CANNOT support all phases of military operations” – CERDEC S&TCD Feb 8th, 2011
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 5
► Cognitive radio identifies spectrum that is not being fully used …
► … and dynamically tunes to those frequencies if interference is detected on channel currently in use (DSA)
► Priority is to minimize interference to other devices by ‘running away’
► Often, alternative channel choice preset (and can be predicted and hacked/jammed)
The focus on ‘running away’ from interference does a poor job of optimizing all available spectrum resources i.e., Grey/Black Spaces, not “White Spaces”
Traditional approach …
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 6
… vs. xMax approach
xG’s cognitive radio network solution dynamically optimizes spectrum utilization through opportunistic use of all available resources
► Advanced sensing and multi-spatial interference mitigation and avoidance technologies offer the ability
− both to mitigate interference, which extends “dwell time” on the current frequency …
− … and avoid interference by hopping to other ‘cleaner’ channel instantly if interference is overwhelming and performance falls below set thresholds (within 40ms)
► In addition, to maximize throughput (or range) and minimize interference, xMax dynamically adapts network architecture to real-time conditions
− power output
− modulation
− channel plan
− network protocol
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 7
xMax cognitive radio
► xMax layered cognitive approach
− spectrum sensing: interference based detection of transmitters (background scan every 20ms)
− spatial processing: MIMO technologies allow resistance to interferers. Optimize SNR using multiple antenna processing to improve link budget and data rates. Also used to track and cancel interference from multiple mobile transmitters using sophisticated multi-spatial signal processing algorithms
− spectrum sharing: able to operate in crowded shared spectrum (ISM, UNI II etc.). Detect interferers, mitigate them or avoid them by changing operating parameters or frequencies
− spectrum management: capture the best available spectrum for use at any time. Can add capacity anywhere, any time without using existing frequencies
− spectrum mobility: use spectrum dynamically (DSA). Mobile user terminals and base stations can decide to change bands where they operate
“Unlike other cognitive radio systems currently being trialed, xMax features advanced interference detection and
avoidance capabilities designed to work around both intentional and unintentional interference.” – White Paper: “ New Approaches To Optimizing Radio Spectrum” (Andrew Seybold), December 2011
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 8
Real Time Inputs
Link measurements
RF conditions
Application requirements
Location of interferers
Spectrum availability
Network conditions
Internal/external policies
Internal capabilities
Power/battery status
Dynamic Decisions
Spectrum/channel use …
Modulation rates …
Receiver algorithms …
Antenna configuration …
Interference mitigation …
Transmit power …
Network protocols …
Error correction …
xMax cognitive operation
► Decisions are made at the edge by the end user device
− asymmetry of interference
− local sensing and measurements adapts to interference across each end of the RAN
► xMax takes cognitive operation way beyond simple spectrum sensing
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 9
► xMax - the world’s first wide area cellular cognitive radio network solution
– fully mobile (highway speeds) as well as fixed applications
– high QoS, carrier-grade voice, data and video on single integrated network
– low cost: no spectrum licence fees, lower network engineering and management costs
– frequency agnostic – supports global deployment
– rapidly deployable – leverages existing Internet infrastructure; satellite backhaul
– highly scalable – coverage and capacity can be tailored to the need
– end-to-end Internet Protocol (IP) system – can be integrated into any IP service (e.g., Skype) and device (e.g., smartphone)
► System level experience in Fort Lauderdale trial network demonstrated the need for a broader network solution
– building on the foundations of Dynamic Spectrum Access
xMax features
" Put simply, xMax enables enterprises of any kind to set up a mobile communications network quickly, cheaply and efficiently – providing a licensed spectrum experience to end users operating in unlicensed spectrum. As such, the addressable market is vast.“ – Matt Walker, Research Analyst, First Columbus
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 10
ASIC
MANET
Self Organising Networks
Interference Mitigation
MIMO
Dynamic Spectrum
Access
Extent of Competitors Cognitive Radio Technology
xG’s Complete Cognitive Network Solution
xMax features
► Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) is key
► BUT xG’s Cognitive Network solution xMax delivers much more than just DSA
• ASIC: Moves xMax functionality to chip level Installation by any OEM
• MANET:
Mobile mesh networks Every user makes the network stronger
• Self-Organising Networks: Automatic networking & optimization No wireless experience needed
• Interference Mitigation: xMax works where other radios can’t Higher capacity and reliability
• MIMO: Extends range and throughput Lower cost per bit & per customer
• Dynamic Spectrum Access: Finds & uses available frequencies
Optimizes spectrum resources
2014 2013 2012 2011
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 11
Urban/Suburban - Ft. Lauderdale, Florida – fully mobile 32 mile2 network
– densely populated
– interference-rich environment
– extensive testing has allowed continual system performance enhancement and development of robust system
Military - US Army - TX, NM, NJ – lab validated (CERDEC)
– garrison enterprise solution
– tactical cellular – austere desert
Rural – Lewisville, Arkansas – underserved market
– low noise, excellent range
Pilot networks
“These are major-league pioneers who have built something that works well.“ —Craig Mathias, Wireless Analyst, 2010
Ft. Lauderdale, FL
White Sands, NM
Lewisville, AR
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 12
1H11 deployment platform
►Full Tactical Deployment
– proven in the field at Fort Bliss and White Sands Missile Range
– self-contained and highly mobile
– seamless integration with SatCom backhaul
– can add capacity anywhere, any time without using existing frequencies
– resistant to jamming
• “The solution has proven to operate very reliably, even when confronted by intentional jamming” (Mike McCarthy, Director of Operations for the Mission Command Complex, Fort Bliss)
Proven in the most challenging conditions – for both fixed and tactical deployments
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 13
Game changing capabilities
Military tests of xG Technology solution could have
domestic implications
Nov 16, 2011 5:58 PM, By Donny Jackson
. . . .commercial-wireless executives
have been outspoken in proclaiming
a “spectrum crisis” that federal
policymakers have been working
feverishly to resolve . . ..
. . . ., the military has opted to conduct its own tests . . .And
the xMax system tested at Fort Bliss was “exceptionally
impressive,” according to Mike McCarthy, director of
operations for the Mission Command Complex at the Brigade
Modernization Command at Fort Bliss
McCarthy said the military plans to conduct further tests in the spring to “push that system as far as we can push it”
“The results of these tests should be of interest to many, not just those in the military. If the xMax system proves that it can provide
reliable communications over unlicensed spectrum, the utility of unlicensed bands and prospects for wireless communications
operating in the TV white spaces could be transformed in the near future”
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 14
xMax Wireless Network
Public
or
Private
Internet
xMSC
xMax Cognitive Radio Network (C-RAN) Core Network Public/Private Network
VoIP
CORE
POTS calling
SMS service
Wi-Fi
Network
xMSC provides
network
management,
firewall , SIP
proxies, and
SMS servers
xMod is a
mobile bridge
between WiFi
and the xMax
network
Smartphones,
laptops, tablets or
any other WiFi
enabled device can
connect to the xMod
xAPs provide
wireless voice,
data and
video.connectivity
to xMods
WiFi Network
SMS
server
xMax system
Cellular
Network
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 15
v1.1: Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) VoIP & SMS Network (2011)
VoIP
SOFTSWITCH
GIG
• xMONITOR
• xDRIVE
xMSC
PSTN
BSN250
• MACRO CELLS
• 900MHz
TX70
• PSTN
• E911
• LOW COST CALLING
• DYNAMIC SPECTRUM ACCESS
• VOICE & SMS
• Wi-Fi
Product roadmap
Current network: DSA handsets
Dynamically analyzes spectrum at the edge to avoid localized interference
v2.0: Enable Mobile Data and COTS Smart Devices on Cognitive Radio Network (Q1 2012)
GIG
VoIP
SOFTSWITCH
• xMONITOR
• xDRIVE
xMSC BSN250
ANDROID OS
xMOD
• xMAX to WIFI
BRIDGE
• END DEVICE
AGNOSTIC
RIM OS
APPLE OS WINDOWS
OS PSTN • PSTN
• E911
• LOW COST CALLING
• MACRO CELLS
• DATA
• MIMO
Leverage COTS smart phones and apps at the edge
Broadband data and scalable VoIP on one set of infrastructure
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 16
GIG
• xMONITOR
• xDRIVE
xMSC xAP
• FULLY MOBILE
• SELF-ORGANIZING
• REDUCE SWaP + C
xMOD
• HIGHER
DATA RATE
• LONGER
RANGE
ANDROID OS
RIM OS
APPLE OS
WINDOWS
OS
• PSTN
• E911
• LOW COST CALLING
PSTN
Capabilities
•DSA
•Cognitive MANET
•Global operation
•Enhance & extend
commercial cellular
•Reduced Cost
v2.5: Self-Organizing Net, Micro Base Station, Higher Throughput (2012)
v3.0: Fully Mobile Expeditionary Network, Additional Frequency (2013)
GIG
• xMONITOR
• xDRIVE
xMSC xAP
• MICRO ACCESS POINT
• SELF-ORGANIZING
• REDUCE SWaP + C
• 900MHz + (700MHz OPT)
xMOD
• HIGHER
DATA RATE
• LONGER
RANGE
ANDROID OS
RIM OS
APPLE OS
WINDOWS
OS
• PSTN
• E911
• LOW COST CALLING
PSTN
Apps & Capabilities
•VoIP & Data
•DSA
•PTT, Call Groups
•QoS - Latency
•PLI
•Encryption
Product roadmap
v4.0: xMax functionality on a chip (2014)
Cognitive, Self-organizing networks Expeditionary, fully mobile IP cellular network access points
Chip solution for incorporation in end-user devices Enables full cognitive capability on COTS handsets
GIG
• xMONITOR
• xDRIVE
xMSC
xAP
• FULLY MOBILE
• SELF-ORGANIZING
• REDUCE SWaP + C
xMOD
• HIGHER
DATA RATE
• LONGER
RANGE
ANDROID OS
RIM OS
APPLE OS
WINDOWS
OS
• PSTN
• E911
• LOW COST CALLING
PSTN
Capabilities
•DSA
•Cognitive MANET
•COTS devices
•Global operation
•Enhance & extend
commercial cellular
•Low cost
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 17
Dynamic radio adaptation
Cognitive Network
VoIP
VoIP
Video
File Transfer
• Low Bit Rate
Modulation
• 5GHz
• Low Power
• High Bit Rate Modulation
• 5GHz
• High Power
• Medium Bit Rate
Modulation
• 900MHz
• Low Power
• High Bit Rate
Modulation
• 900MHz
• Medium Power
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 18
Dynamic radio adaptation
Cognitive Network
VoIP
VoIP
Video
File Transfer
• Low Bit Rate
Modulation
• 5GHz
• Low Power
• High Bit Rate Modulation
• 900MHz
• High Power
• High Bit Rate
Modulation
• 900MHz
• High Power
• Low Bit Rate
Modulation
• 900MHz
• Low Power
Interferers
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 19
Network protocol adaptation
Cognitive Radio
Network reconfigures
to mesh operation
(cognitive network
protocol)
Damage to Network Infrastructure
Reincorporates
network
infrastructure
when available
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 20
► Self-frequency planning - the system comes up automatically and finds available frequencies; no manual frequency co-ordination required
► Self-optimizing- the system uses DSA technology to maximize throughput and reliability, delivering a licensed spectrum experience in unlicensed spectrum
► Leverages existing smartphones, laptops, tablets, etc. directly into the xMax mobile radio network to save costs and offer unmatched applications and functionality
► End-to-end IP architecture - simplifies integration with LTE, P25 and other networks via industry standard interfaces and protocols; voice can be tagged and prioritized end-to-end through network for high reliability
► Tactical and scalable deployments – rapidly deployable size and weight, proven integration with satellite and point to point backhaul radios
► Difficult to jam or hack – dynamic channel/band hopping makes jamming attacks and penetrations far more difficult than traditional radio systems
Key benefits xMax offers military
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 21
Leverage DoD/MoD Capabilities
WiFi
COTS
Smart Phone
xMod
Data Access
•Voice & Data •Push & receive video •Share pictures •Position location info (PLI) •Collaborate, whiteboard , chat •SMS, text, •PTT, call group
Soldier
Command Post
Army App “I ran an excursion where we attempted to jam it with conventional military jamming systems, and we were unable to do it, xMax was able to stay ahead of the jammers that were trying to attack it and kept the communications systems up and operational throughout the two weeks that I ran the jammers”. Mike McCarthy, Director of
Operations, Brigade Modernization
Command , Ft. Bliss, TX
The information presented herein is confidential and subject to change without notice. xG® and xMax® are
registered trademarks of xG Technology, Inc. Copyright 2012, All Rights Reserved.
www.xgtechnology.com 22
Summary
► xMax represents a scalable, flexible and fully expeditionary architecture that
– supports small teams to large
– offloads cellular costs to help make “one soldier one phone” affordable
– addresses global spectrum challenges
► xG is committed to meeting military requirements
– deliver capabilities via software vs. hardware
– future-proofing
– shoulder-to-shoulder partnership – learn requirements, adapt platform, deliver solutions