coastal weather and storms maia mcguire florida sea grant extension
TRANSCRIPT
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Coastal weather and storms
Maia McGuireFlorida Sea Grant Extension
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Weather
• The state of the atmosphere at a given time and place, with respect to variables such as temperature, moisture, wind velocity and barometric pressure
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Activity
• Scholastic’s “Weather Watchers” activities• www2.scholastic.com/browse/unitplan.jsp?id-256
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Clouds
• A large collection of very tiny droplets of water or ice crystals
• The droplets are so small and light that they can float in the air
• Rising air contains water vapor, which condenses on tiny dust particles to form clouds
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http://eo.ucar.edu/webweather/cloud3.html
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Thunderstorms
• Storms with lightning (which makes thunder)• Produced by cumulonimbus clouds• Gusty winds, heavy rain and sometimes hail• Usually happen in spring and summer months
during afternoon and evening hours
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Lightning
• A bright flash of electricity produced by a thunderstorm
• Lightning kills and injures 75-100 people per year
• Where is lightning right now? http://thunderstorm.vaisala.com/explorer.html
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Thunder
• Sound wave created by moving air following a lightning bolt
• Travels 1 mile in 5 seconds• If lightning is more than 15 miles away, we will
not hear the thunder (it’s too far away). We can still see the lightning as light travels faster than sound
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Lightning safety
• Outdoors– If you hear thunder, go to a safe place like a sturdy
building or a car (roll up the windows)– Stay away from trees. If you cannot get to a safe
place, crouch down in an open area—try to get twice as far away from a tree as it is tall
– Groups of people should spread out (about 15 feet apart)
– Stay out of water, avoid metal—even your backpack!
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Lightning safety
• Indoors– Avoid water– Do not use a corded telephone– Do not use computers or appliances (electrical
equipment)– Stay away from windows and doors, and off
porches
CALL 911 IF SOMEONE IS STRUCK BY LIGHTNING
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Winter storms
• Form when two air masses (one cold and dry, one warm and wet) meet
• Meeting point is called a front• Nor’easters form along the Atlantic coast of
the US—warm air from the Gulf Stream is pushed into cold air from the land resulting in hurricane-force winds, high surf and lots of rain.
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Hurricanes
• Very large storms• Can be up to 600 miles across• Strong winds spiral inward (counter-clockwise)
and upward at speeds of 75-200 mph• Central portion (“eye”) is calm• Usually lasts about a week• Energy comes from warm ocean water (80°F)
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• Hurricanes usually form between 5 and 15° N or S of the equator
• Wind movement needs to be fairly consistent (speed and direction)
• Atmosphere must cool off quickly with altitude• Atlantic Hurricane season is June 1-Nov 30
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Storm surge
• Shallow-water coastline
• Deep-water coastline
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Oceans and temperature
• Water warms more slowly and cools more slowly than air.
• Coastal areas can be warmer in winter (or cooler in summer) than inland areas because of this.
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Cool online resources
• For KIDS:– www.weatherwizkids.com– http://eo.ucar.edu/webweather/ – http://www.eo.ucar.edu/kids/dangerwx/hurricane
1.htm– http://climate.nasa.gov/kids/index.cfm
• For TEACHERS:– http://www.meted.ucar.edu/comm_k12.htm
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Climate• NOT THE SAME AS WEATHER• Long-term averaging of weather (over several
decades)
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Oceans and climate
• Oceans trap atmospheric heat