Coaching: The Art and Science

“The sooner you fall behind, the more time you’ll have to catch up.”

KINE 2475 3.0

Long

Term

Athlete

Development

LTAD

http://www.ltad.ca/content/home.asp

KINE 2475 3.0

• Do medals matter:

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8eGbDzGXKP0&feature=related (Brian Williams)

• China goes for gold

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vK98UJ_S1fs&feature=related

Shortcomings of Canadian Sport System

Competition system interferes with athletic development- athletes over compete and under train- preparation geared to short term – “peaking by Friday”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kz8tzP3oeDg&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z8LX98hDMnM&feature=related

Shortcomings of Canadian Sport System

Developmental levels where quality coaching most needed

Fundamental movement and sport skills poorly taught

Coaches unaware and neglect critical periods of accelerated adaptation – PHV, PSV

Shortcomings of Canadian Sport System

No integration between school P.E., recreational/ community and elite competitive programs

No integrated talent identification system

Early specialization to attract and retain participants

Education regarding LTAD lacking

Canadian Sport System Consequences

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cl7kOYU2WxY&NR=1

Lack of proper fitness

Poor skill development

Bad habits developed from over emphasis on winning

Children not having fun

Canadian Sport System Consequences

Athletes pulled in different directions by school, club and provincial/national teams

Athletes fail to reach genetic potential and optimal performance levels

Inconsistent international results due to lack of talent ID and developmental pathway

LTAD – Why?

Declining international performances

Difficulty in identifying and developing next generation of successful international athletes

Participation in recreational sport and physical activity declining

Physical Education programs in schools being marginalized

LTAD – What is it?Specific and well planned

outline of training, competition and recovery

– Ensure optimal development throughout athlete’s career

Based on physical, emotional, mental and cognitive development of children with each stage reflecting a different point in athlete development

LTAD – What is it? http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=ZSez5rKfHko

Integrates elite, community, recreation and scholastic sport along with P.E. in schools

Recognizes need to involve all Canadians and organizations

Supports goals of Canadian Sport policy

- enhanced participation

- enhanced capacity

- enhanced interaction

- enhanced excellence

Stages of LTAD1. Active Start

2. FUNdamentals3. Learning to Train

4. Training to Train

5. Training to Compete

6. Training to Win

7. Active for Life

• Chronological Age 0-6

• Chronological Age 6-8/9

• Chronological/Developmental Age Males 9-12 Females 8-11

• Chronological/Developmental Age Males 12-16 Females 11-15

• Chronological/Developmental Age Males 16-23+/- Females 15-21+/-

• Chronological Age Males 19+/- Females 18+/-

• Enter at any stage

Active StartAge 0-6

• Physical activity fun and daily• Organized daily activity

– 30 minutes toddlers– 60 minutes preschoolers

• Unstructured daily active play– Several hours toodlers/preshoolers– Never sedentary more than 1 hour

• Activity regardless of weather– Variety and different environments

• Games participatory and non-competitive

FUNdamentalsAge: Males 6-9; Females 6-8

• Learn fundamental movement and motor skills

• Bypassing skill development detrimental to future participation

• ABC’s of athletics and athleticism• Encourage wide range of sports• Simple rules and ethics of sport• Multi- sport camps during holidays

Learning to TrainAge: Males 9-12; Females 8-11

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cdIOOY43HWs

• Window of accelerated adaptation to motor co-ordination

• Strength development with medicine/swiss balls and body weight

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KAWaObN4-ZU&feature=related

• Competition structured to training age and abilities

• Apply ratio of 70% training 30% competition

• Identify sports child enjoys and predisposed to success – 3 sports

Training to TrainAge: Males 12-16; Females 11-15

(age ranges PHV dependent)• Optimal aerobic, speed and strength

trainability in relationship to PHV • Further develop and consolidate

sport specific skills• 60:40 training to competition ratio• Athletes play to win but focus on

physical training and consolidating basic skills

• Cope with physical and mental challenges of competition

• Use talent identification to help focus on fewer sports

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rB5M9t5TG-o&NR=1

Training to CompeteAges: Males 16-23 +/-; Females 15-21 +/-

• Objectives of previous stage must be achieved to advance

• Optimize fitness preparation and sport-, individual-, and position specific skills for high performance competition

• Year round total training based on periodization of primary performance factors

• 40:60 ratio training to competition• http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=CucIcRdBfZk&feature=fvwrel

Img_5381.jpg

Training to WinAge: Males 19+/-; Females 18+/-

• Multiple periodization for optimal framework of preparation– High intensity, high volume, frequent breaks Maximize

preparation for podium performances– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qc9CDJQiRwo&feature=related

Active for LifeAge: May occur at any age

Transition from competitive to lifelong physical activity

• Move from sport to sport– To recreation– To Master’s competitions– To sport related careers– To volunteering in sport– From cutting to

redirecting where predisposed to train and perform well

– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rLGIiPstpRA