CMP LABSBy Tiffany

Potter

COMPLETE METABOLIC PANEL

• CMP includes• BMP

• NA (136-44 mEq/L• CL (101-111 mmol/L)• K (3.5-5.2 mEq/L)• GLU (64-128 mg/dL)• BUN (7-20 mg/dL• Creatinine (0.8-1.4 mg/dL)• CO2 (HCO-3) (20-29 mmol/L)

• CO2 is a waste product from metabolism. The blood carries CO2 to your lungs – exhaled. More than 90% of CO2 exists in the form of HCO3. The rest of the CO2 is either dissolved CO2 or carbonic acid. Your kidney and lungs balance the levels of CO2, HCO3 and carbonic acid.

• Total protein (6.0-8.0 gm/dL)

• Albumin (3.4-5.4 g/dL)

• ALK Phosphostase (44-147 IU/L)

• ALT (10-40 IU/L)

• AST (10-34 IU/L)

• Total bilirubin (0.3-1.9 mg/dL)

• Calcium (8.5-10.2 mg/dL)

TOTAL PROTEIN

• The test measures the total amount of albumin and globin in the blood

• Normal level 6.0-8.3 gm/dL

• Indications are to diagnose nutritional problems, kidney or liver dx

• May increase during pregnancy

TOTAL PROTEIN

• HIGH Levels

• Chronic inflammation or infection including HIV, hepatitis B or C

• Multiple myeloma

• Waldenstrom’s dx

• LOW levels

• Agammaglobulinemia

• Bleeding, hemorrhage

• Burns

• Liver dx

• Malabsorption/malnutrition

• Nephrotic syndrome (dumping protein into the urine)

ALBUMIN

• Albumin is a protein made by the liver and helps to move bilirubin, calcium progesterone and medication through the blood. Improves oncotic pressure, helping to keep fluids from leaking out in the tissues.

• Normal range is 3.4-5.4 g/dL

• Drugs that may affect the results are anabolic steroids, androgens, testorone, growth hormone, and insulin

• Indications to evaluate liver or kidney dx

ALBUMIN

• High Levels

• Dehydration

• High protein diet

• Having a tourniquet on too long when blood is drawn

LOW Levels

• Kidney dx

• Liver dx (ascites)

• After wt loss surgery

• Crohn’s dx

• Low protein diet

• Whipple’s dx

• Wide spread burns

• Wilson’s dx

ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE

• A protein found in all body tissues.

• Used to diagnose liver or bone disease

• Normal range 44-147 IU/L

• Indications• ETOH, hepatitis cirrhosis• Biliary stricture• Gallstones• Giant cell arteritis• Pancreatitis• Renal cell carncinoma

ALKALINE PHOSPHOTASE

• HIGH levels

• biliary obstruction

• osteoblastic tumors

• Osteomalacia

• liver dx

• Hepatitis

• hyperparathyroidism

• leukemia, lymphoma

• Ricket’s

• Sarcoidosis

• Paget’s dx

• LOW Levels

• Malnutrition

• Protein deficiency

• Wilson’s dx

ALANINE TRANSAMINASE (ALT)

• It is an enzyme found in the liver. Injury to the liver releases ALT into the blood.

• Normal range is 10-40 IU/L

• Indication is liver dx

• Increased levels • Cirrhosis• Liver necrosis, liver ischemia• Hepatitis• Hemochromatosis• Liver cancer• Mononucleosis• Pancreatitis• Medication intoxication

ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE (AST)

• AST is an enzyme found in the liver, heart, muscle cells

• Normal range 10-34 IU/L

• Increased levels are r/t:• Cirrhosis• AMI• Hemochromotosis• Hepatitis• Liver necrosis, liver ischemia• Mononucleosis• Pancreatitis• Liver cancer, tumor • Medication intoxication• Surgery• seizures

TOTAL BILIRUBIN

• Bilirubin is the breakdown product of normal heme catabolism. It is excreted in bile and urine

• Can be measured through urine or blood

• Normal Range• Direct (conjugated) bilirubin 0-0.3 mg/dl• Total Bilirubin 0.3-1.9 mg/dL

• Increased levels cause jaundice (red cells breaking faster than normal)

• Increased levels indicate• Liver dx, cirrhosis• Hepatitis• Gallstones• Biliary stricture• Cancer of pancreas, gallbladder• Gilbert’s dx

CALCIUM

• All cells need calcium to grow strong bones and teeth. It is important for heart function, muscle contration, nerve signaling and blood clotting.

• Can be measured via blood or urine

• Normal Range 8.5-10.2 mg/dl

• Drugs that increase calcium levels• Lithium• Calcium supplements• Thiazide diuretics• Thyroxine• Vitamin D (drinking too much milk)

CALCIUM

• Indications are r/t• Bone dx• Cancers – multiple myeloma, cancer of breast, neck, kidney• CKD• Parathyroid gland• Chronic liver dx

CALCIUM

• HIGH Levels• Prolonged bedrest• HIV/AIDS

hyperparathyroidism• Metastatic bone tumor• Multiple myeloma• Hyperthyroidsim• Paget’s dx• Sarcoidosis• Medications

• LOW levels• Hypoparathyroidism• Kidney failure• Liver dx• Magnesium deficiency• Malabsorption dx• Osteomalacia• Pancreatitis• Vitamin D deficiency