cmh institute of medical sciences (cims) bahawalpur
TRANSCRIPT
1
1st
Year MBBS Curriculum
(1ST
Module)
CMH INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (CIMS)
BAHAWALPUR
2
CONTENTS
Sr. No. Topics Page No.
1. Calendar of 1st Year MBBS Class 4
2. Weekly Time Table 5
3. Module Theme 6
4. Teaching Hours 7
5.
Department of Anatomy
a. Faculty
b. Recommended books
c. General Anatomy
d. Embryology
e. Histology
f. Gross Anatomy (upper limb)
g. Histology (Practical)
8
9
10
11
13
15
18
6. Department of Physiology
a. Faculty
20
3
b. Recommended books
c. Lectures
d. Practical
21
22
28
7.
Department of Biochemistry
a. Faculty
b. Recommended books
c. Lectures
d. Practical
31
32
33
36
8.
Department of Medical Education
a. Faculty
b. Topics
40
4
CALENDAR OF 1ST YEAR MBBS CLASS 2017 / 2018 (26 Weeks)
EVENTS From To
Orientation Lecture 15 Jan 2018
1st Module (08 Weeks) 15 Jan 2018 10 March 2018
1st Module (Self-directed learning & End module Exam) 05 March 2018 10 Mar 2018*
2nd Module (10 Weeks) 12 Mar 2018 19 May 2018
Sports Week 20 Mar 2018 22 Mar 2018
2nd Module (Self-directed learning & End module Exam) 14 May 2018 19 May 2018*
3rd Module (10 Weeks) 21 May 2018 26 Aug 2017
Summer Vacation & Eid-ul-Fitr Leave (30 days) 26 May 2018 24 Jun 2018
3rd Module (Self-directed learning & End module Exam) 13 Aug 2018 18 Aug 2018*
Eid-ul-Azha Leave 19 Aug 2018 26 Aug 2018
Revision classes (02 Weeks) 27 Aug 2018 08 Sep 2018
Prep Leave Pre-Annual Exam 09 Sep 2018 16 Sep 2018
Pre Annual Exam (Theory) 17 Sep 2018 22 Sep 2018
Prep Leave Annual Exam 23 Sep 2018 18 Oct 2018
Annual Exam 19 Oct 2018 03 Nov 2018
* Saturdays during the modular & Pre Annual exams will be working days.
5
WEEKLY TIME TABLE
1st YEAR MBBS CLASS (FIRST MODULE)
2017 / 2018
Days 0800-0930 0935-1030 1030-
1100 1105-1200 1205-1300 1300-1500
Mon
Demo & Dissection
Gross Anatomy
General Anatomy
Lecture
TE
A B
RE
AK
Physiology
Lecture
Biochemistry
Lecture
Practical
Anatomy/ Physio/ Biochem
Tue
Demo & Dissection
Gross Anatomy
Embryology
Lecture
Physiology
Lecture
Biochemistry
Lecture
Practical
Anatomy/ Physio/ Biochem
Wed
Demo & Dissection
Gross Anatomy
Histology
Lecture
Physiology
Lecture
Biochemistry
Lecture
Practical
Anatomy/ Physio / Biochem
Thurs
Demo & Dissection
Gross Anatomy
Community
Medicine /
Behavioral
Sciences/ Med
Education
Physiology
Lecture Medicine Lecture
CBL Session
Anatomy /Physio / Biochem
Fri
Demo & Dissection
Gross Anatomy
Islamiat / Pak
Studies Lecture
Physiology
Lecture
Surgery Lecture /
Radiology
1300-1400
FRI
PRAYER
Tutorial
(Batches)
6
MODULE THEME
MODULES BLOCKS THEMES ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY
Y1M1
1. Introduction
2. Cells and genetics
3. Blood
4. Locomotor (Upper limb)
Gross anatomy
Upper limb
General Anatomy
General anatomical terms
Bone
Joints
Muscular system Nervous
system-I (Introduction)
Embryology
Mitosis and meiosis,
Gametogenesis
Ovulation &Implantation
1st week of development
2nd week of development
3rd week of development
Histology
Cell(Introduction, staining,
cytoskeleton, cell junctions)
Surface and glandular
epithelium
Connective tissue(General)
Bone
Cartilage
Muscle
Cell, transport and
general physiology +
Genetics
Nerve and membrane
potential
Muscle physiology
Blood
Immunity
Chemistry of Protein
Nucleotides and
Nucleic Acid
Porphyrins &
Hemoglobin
Biochemistry of Cell &
Biological membrane
7
TEACHING HOURS
Total Weeks/Hours: 8 weeks/ 280 Hours (0800-1500)
Anatomy :
o Demos : 40 5/Week 60 hours
o practical: 08 1/Week 36 hours
o Histo Lectures: 08 1/Week 8 Hours
o Embryo Lectures : 08 1/Week 8 Hours
o GA Lectures : 08 1/Week 8 Hours
Total 120 hours
Physiology :
o Lectures : 40 5/Week 40 Hours
o Practical: 08 1/Week 36 Hours
Total 76 hours
Biochemistry :
o Lectures : 24 3/Week 24 hours
o practical: 08 1/Week 36 hours
Total 60 hours
CBLs :
o CBLs : 8 1/Week 12 hours
Med Education: 4 hours
Medicine: 4 hours
Surgery: 4 hours
Radiology: 2 hours
8
DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY
S.No Faculty Course
1. Professor: Dr. Fareed Alvi Histology
2. Associate Professor: Dr. Ahsan Ahmad Embryology
3. Assistant Professor: Dr. Asima Kashif / Dr Ammara Sadiq General Anatomy
Lecturers
1. Dr. Asima Kashif Gross Anatomy / CBL
2. Dr. Ayesha Nasrullah Gross Anatomy / CBL
3. Dr. Rabbia Farooq Gross Anatomy / CBL
4. Dr. Ahmed Raza Histology practical
9
RECOMMENDED BOOKS (ANATOMY)
Gross Anatomy
o Cunningham‟s Manual of Practical Anatomy vol. I- 15th edition, 1986.
o Clinical Anatomy by Regions. Richard S. Snell, 9th edition, 2012.
o Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy. 5th edition 2011.
o Reference Books
Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Keith L Moore, 6th edition, 2010.
Gray‟s Anatomy. 40th edition, 2008.
General Anatomy
o General Anatomy. Dr. Laiq Hussain, 3rd edition, 2011.
o Understanding General Anatomy. Professor Tassaduq Hussain, 14th edition, 2014.
Embryology
o Langman‟s Medical Embryology. 12th edition, 2012.
Histology
o Medical Histology. Dr. Laiq Hussain, 5th edition, 2015.
o Reference Books
Basic Histology. Junqueira, 13th edition, 2013.
DiFiore‟s Atlas of Histology. 12th edition, 2013.
Manual/Practical Copies
o Histology Manual by Prof Athar Maqbool
o Gross Anatomy – Plain Copy (Sketch Book)
10
ANATOMY
First Module (1 x Lecture / Week) Subject: General Anatomy
Lectures Week General Anatomy Topics
1. I. Introduction Anatomical Positions & various imaginary planes, Terms of positions and
movements
2. II. Bone – 1 General Anatomical landmarks
3. III. Bone -2 Classification
4. IV. Joint -1 General Anatomical landmarks
5. V. Joint – 2 Classification
6. VI. Muscle –1 General Anatomical landmarks
7. VII. Muscle – 2 Classification
8. VIII. Nervous System Introduction
11
ANATOMY
First Module (1 x Lecture / Week) Subject: Embryology
Lectures Week Embryology Learning Objectives
1. I.
Mitosis and
meiosis
Define Meiosis.
Differentiate first and second meiotic divisions.
State the phases of meiotic divisions.
Justify the importance and result of meiosis in both sexes.
Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis.
Describe the structure abnormalities in chromosomes like Euploid, Aneuploid, Trisomy,
Non-disjunction, and Translation.
Correlate the structure abnormalities with clinical conditions like: Down‟s syndrome
Klinefelter and Tuner syndromes.
2. II.
Gametogenesis -1 Describe the events of spermatogenesis.
Describe the morphological changes during maturation of the gametes
List the differences between spermiogenesis and spermatogenesis.
3. III.
Gametogenesis -2 Define the ovarian cycle.
Describe the stages of follicular maturation: Primary Preantral, Secondary, and
Preovulatory.
Explain the hormonal control (FSH, LH) of ovarian cycle.
Describe the transport of ovum from the surface of ovary to ampulla of fallopian tube.
4. IV.
Fertilization &
Implantation
Define fertilization.
State normal site of fertilization.
Describe the results of fertilization.
Mentions the factors affecting fertilization.
12
Enumerate the changes that occur in spermatozoa before fertilization.
Explain the factors affecting penetration of sperm through the zona pellucida for formation of
Pro nuclei.
Describe the formation of zygote.
Correlate the transport of zygote from ampulla of fallopian tube to the uterine cavity and
cleavage.
Explain the formation of blastocyst.
5. V.
1st week of
development
Explain the formation of outer and inner cell masses.
Discuss the further development of outer cell mass (trophoblast).
Differentiate syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast with its microscopic appearance.
Describe the process of implantation (day wise change).
6. VI.
2nd week of
development
State the differentiation of embryonic pole and development of bilaminar germ disc with
formation of epiblast and hypoblast, their cavities (amniotic cavity and primary yolk sac).
Describe the development of the chorionic sac and formation of primary chorionic villi and
growth of syncytiotrophablast.
Explain the establishment of utero placental circulation.
Explain why the second week is known “ as week of two‟s”.
7. VII.
3rd week of
development
Define gastrulation (formation of three germ layers).
Describe the development of primitive streak and related congenital anomalies
(Sacrococcygeal Teratoma).
Describe the development of Notochordal process, Notochord Canal, Prechordal Plate and
Cloacal membrane.
8. VIII.
3rd week of
development
Define Neurulation. List the steps of development of Neural Tube
Enumerate the derivatives of Neural Crest Cells.
State the congenital anomalies resulting from abnormal neurulation.
Describe the formation of three germ layers and enlist their derivatives. Differentiate three
components of Mesoderm (Paraxial, Intermediate and Lateral Plate Mesoderm).Define
Somites.
13
ANATOMY
First Module (1 x Lecture / Week) Subject: Histology
Lectures Week Histology Learning Objectives
1. I.
Cell (introduction,
cytoskeleton)
Knowledge:
Identify parts of Light Microscope.
Describe the working & magnification of Light Microscope.
Identify different types of Microscopes and their functions.
Define resolution. Describe the steps involved in tissue processing.
Define cell, identify various types of cells and shapes.
Define Cytoskeleton.
2. II.
Cell junctions Knowledge:
Enumerate the cell junctions and describe their histological structure.
Describe the histological structure of cell junctions.
3. III.
Surface epithelium Knowledge:
Classify the body tissue into categories.
Define Epithelium.
Classify various types of Epithelium.
Describe general features of Epithelial cells (basal, apical and lateral surfaces).
Explain the different types of epithelium with examples.
4. IV.
Glandular epithelium Knowledge:
Describe glandular epithelium.
Differentiate the structure of serous and mucus secreting cells.
14
5. V.
Connective tissue (general) Knowledge:
Explain the components of connective tissue.
Describe different types of cells in connective tissue.
Describe different types of fibers in connective tissue.
Name the various constituents of ground substance.
Classify various types of connective tissues.
Describe the histology of different types of adipose tissue.
6. VI.
Bone Knowledge:
Describe microscopic features of bones and types of ossification.
List the location of different types of bones.
7. VII.
Cartilage Knowledge:
Describe microscopic features of various types of cartilage.
List the location of different types of cartilage.
8. VIII.
Muscle Knowledge:
Describe the microscopic features of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle.
15
ANATOMY
First Module (5 x Demos / Week) Subject: Gross Anatomy (Upper Limb)
Lectures Week Topics
1.
I.
Introduction to gross anatomy (Body planes, movements, general terms)
2. Terms of position and movement
3. Clavicle
4. Scapula
5. Humerus
6.
II.
Radius
7. Ulna
8. SUBSTAGE -1
9. Pectoral region (Muscles), Breast (General description, blood supply, nerve supply, lymphatic drainage, clinical)
10. Scapular region-I (Muscles)
11.
III.
Scapular region-II (Muscular spaces, rotator cuff muscles)
12. Scapular region-III (Nerve and blood supply, scapular anastomosis)
13. Shoulder joint (formation, movements, ligaments, clinical), Acromio claviclar joint , Sterno clavicular joint (formation ,
movements, ligaments, clinical)
16
14. Axilla (boundaries, contents), Axillary lymph nodes( general description, location , clinical )
15. Axillary artery, Axillary vein (course, branches, clinical)
16.
IV.
Brachial Plexuses (formation, relations)
17. SUBSTAGE – 2
18. Arm (Fascial compartments, muscles of anterior and posterior compartments)
19. Blood supply of arm (arteries , veins)
20. Nerves of arm
21.
V.
Cubital Fossa (boundaries , contents)
22. Elbow joint, Proximal and Distal Radio Ulnar joint
23. Fore arm (muscles of anterior compartment)
24. Fore arm (muscles of posterior compartment)
25. Blood supply of forearm (arteries and veins)
26.
VI.
Nerves of forearm
27. SUBSTAGE – 3
28. Flexor and Extensor Retinaculum at wrist (formation, contents, clinical application)
29. Wrist joint (formation , movements , ligaments , clinical application ), Carpal Tunnel, Anatomical snuff box
17
30. Hand (bones, joints), fascial compartments of palm , Palmar Aponeurosis ( general description, location , clinical
application)
31.
VII.
Muscles of hand- I (superficial )
32. Muscles of hand- II (deep)
33. Fascial spaces of palm (formation, contents, clinical importance )
Extensor expansion and fibrous flexor sheath of digits
34. Blood supply of hand (Palmar Arches)
35. Nerves of hand
36.
VIII.
Superficial veins of upper limb (Cephalic, Basilic vein ) Cutaneous nerve supply of upper limb
37. Clinical importance of Brachial Plexuses
38. Surface marking and Radiology of upper limb
39. Revision
40. Final Stage
18
ANATOMY
First Module (1 x Practical / Week) Subject: Histology Practical
S.No Week Practical Learning Objectives
1. I.
Histology: methods of study, lab
ethics
Microscope and slides
preparation
Skill:
Identify and draw the different parts of microscope and illustrate their usage.
Focus the prepared slide at different magnifications.
2. II.
Cell (Organelles, shapes,
characteristics)
Skill:
Identify the different shapes of cells and their examples.
Draw a labeled diagram of different types of shapes of cells.
3. III.
Surface epithelium (simple) Skill:
Identify the different types of epithelia and their examples.
Draw a labeled diagram of different types of simple epithelia.
4. IV.
Surface epithelium (stratified) Skill:
Identify the different types of epithelia and their examples.
Draw a labeled diagram of different types of stratified epithelia.
Identify mucous and serous acini with haematoxylin and eosin.
Draw a labeled diagram of mucous and serous acini with haematoxylin and
eosin.
19
5. V.
Connective tissue Skill:
Identify the microscopic structure of loose connective tissue, dense regular and
irregular connective tissue.
Draw a labeled diagram showing the microscopic structure of loose connective
tissue, dense regular and irregular connective tissue with haematoxylin and
eosin.
Draw a labeled diagram of the connective tissue with haematoxylin and eosin.
6. VI.
Bone Skill:
Identify different types of bone microscopically.
Draw a labeled diagram showing the histological structure of different types of
bone with hematoxylin and eosin.
7. VII.
Cartilage Skill:
Identify different types of cartilage microscopically.
Draw a labeled diagram showing the histologic structure of different types of
cartilage with hematoxylin and eosin.
8. VIII.
Muscle Skill:
Identify the different types of muscle microscopically.
Draw a labeled histological diagram of different types of muscles with
hematoxylin and eosin.
20
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY
S.No Faculty Topic
1 Professor: Dr. Tanvir Ali Shirwany (Principal) Nerve Muscle
2 Associate Professor: Dr. Rukhsana Mirza Cell & Nerve Muscle
3. Assistant Professor: Dr. Jazib Andleeb Blood
Lecturers
1 Dr. Khalid Mehmood Arif Practicals
2 Dr. Wafa Hamdani Tutorials
21
RECOMMENDED BOOKS (PHYSIOLOGY)
o Kim E. Barrett, Susain M.Barman Ganongls Review of Medical Physiology 24th Edition McGrowhill.
Bruce M.Koeppon, Bruce A.Stanton Berne & Cevy Physiology 6th Edition Raj Kamal Electric Press, Kundli,
Haryana ELSEVIER 2010.
o John E. Hall Guyton & Hall Text Book of Medical Physiology 13th Edition Canada ELSEVIER 2016.
o Lecture Notes Kaplan
o USMLE step -1 Kaplan.
o USMLE First Aid.
o Fundamental / Introduction of biochemistry by Mackee Mackee.
22
PHYSIOLOGY
First Module (5 x Lectures / Week)
Lectures Week Topics Learning Objectives
1.
I.
Introduction to Physiology Explain the functional organization of human body.
Describe the parameters needed for the control of the „internal
environment‟.
2.
Homeostasis Describe the principles of the mechanics of homeostasis.
Differentiate between positive and negative feedback as the control
systems of the body.
3. Control Mechanisms Relate positive and negative feedback system with common examples.
Differentiate between composition of intracellular and extra cellular fluid.
4.
Introduction to Blood Explain the composition of blood and general functions of blood.
Name the different types of plasma protein.
Describe the composition of plasma protein, their functions and
importance for the human body.
Name the different types of blood cells.
Explain the physiological characteristics and functional differences of
the different types of blood cells.
5.
RBCs (Structure, Function and
Erythropoiesis )
Name the sites of hemopoiesis.
Describe the composition of bone marrow.
List the functions of bone marrow.
Explain the erythropoiesis phenomena in the body during the different
stages of life.
23
6.
II.
Introduction to cell Explain the organization of the physical structure of the cell.
7. Cell Organelle and cell division Explain organization of the physical structure of the cell (cell Membrane,
cytoplasmic organelles, nuclear membrane, nuclear organelles)
8. Hemoglobin (Structure, Function and
Synthesis)
Describe the formation, types and functions of hemoglobin along with its
association with different kinds of anemia.
9.
Hemoglobin Types, Classification of
Anemias, Polycythemia
Classify anemia its types and causes.
Explain the pathophysiology of polycythemia
Identify the factors regulating erythropoiesis and maturation of RBC.
10. Red Cell Indices and Clinical
Interpretation
Explain the physiological basis of red cell indices and comprehend their
clinical interpretation.
11.
III.
Genetics, DNA and chromosomes Explain the gene functions performed in the cell
Explain the genetic control of cell functions and cell-reproduction
12. Transcription and Translation Explain the process of Transcription and Translation (synthesis) in the
cell
13. WBCs (Structure, formation and types) Describe the physical and functional characteristics of different WBC
types, structure and formation.
14. Reticuloendothelial System,
Phagocytosis and Inflammation
Describe the composition and functions of reticulo- endothelial system.
24
15. WBC Disorders Explain the physiological significance of leucopenia, leukocytosis and
leukemia.
16.
IV.
Cell Membrane (Structure, Function and
Transport)
Describe the structure, function and transport across cell membrane.
Cell adhesion
17.
Transport Mechanisms Classify various modes of transport of substances across the cell-
membrane.
Compare and contrast amongst the processes of osmosis, diffusion,
facilitated diffusion, primary active transport, secondary active transport.
Explain the modes of transport with common examples in human body.
Explain the physiological significance of the transport of substances
through the cell membrane.
18. Immunity-I Describe basis of immune system of the body and tissues related with
immunity.
19.
Immunity-II List the types of immunity (cell mediated).
Explain the mechanism of cell mediated development and
characteristics of different immune mechanisms and significance of
vaccination.
20.
Immunity-III List the types of immunity (humoral).
Explain the mechanism of cell mediated development and
characteristics of different immune mechanisms and significance of
vaccination.
21. V. Introduction to nerves and types of
neurons
Explain different mechanisms of transportation for maintenance of
cellular homeostasis.
25
26. VI.
Properties of Nerve Fibers Describe the generation of nerve impulse and its transmission in
different types of nerve fibers (myelinated and non-myelinated nerve
fibers) with their characteristics.
Classify different types of nerve fibers.
Explain the generation of nerve impulse and its transmission in different
types of nerve fibers (myelinated and non-myelinated nerve fibers) with
their characteristics.
22.
Resting Membrane Potential Recognize the basis of development of membrane potential across
excitable membrane.
Explain the different mechanisms responsible for the genesis of resting
membrane potential (role of channels, carrier proteins).
Explain the Nernst potential and its importance in generation of
membrane potential.
23. Blood Grouping (ABO) and Transfusion Explain the principles of blood grouping, transfusion and their
physiological significance.
24.
RH Blood grouping and Incompatibility Identify the various blood groups.
Explain the hazards of matched and mismatched blood transfusion with
especial reference to Erythroblastosis fetalis.
25.
Membrane Action Potential Explain the mechanisms by which different factors (stimuli) produce
changes in membrane potential.
Draw different phases of action potential and explain ionic changes
occurring during each phase of action potential.
26
27.
Propagation of Action Potential Explain the physiological basis of propagation of action potential.
Explain the response to the application of two successive stimuli is
given during different phases of action potential (refractory period, its
types and importance).
28.
Hypersensitivity reactions and
transplantation
Explain the pathophysiology and types of hypersensitivity reactions
Explain the physiological basis of transplantation and role of immunity in
transplant rejection
29. Nerve Describe the structural and functional changes taking place in damaged
nerve fibers
30. Introduction to muscle Illustrate functional and histological differences in different types of
muscles
31.
VII.
Mechanism of muscle contraction Explain the motor unit and its physiological importance
Explain the mechanism of transmission of signals from the nerve fiber to
different muscles.
Describe the structure and different characteristics of three types of
muscle.
Describe the ionic and chemical basis of muscle contraction.
32.
Molecular mechanism of muscle
contraction and Walk-along theory
Describe the various processes involved in muscles contraction, and the
molecular mechanisms of muscles contraction.
Describe the various steps of walk along theory.
33. Platelets and their functions Recognize the characteristics of platelets and their importance in
27
hemostasis.
34. Hemostasis Illustrate the various processes involved in hemostasis.
35.
Coagulation pathways and disorders Explain the physiology of clotting factors and mechanism of blood
clotting.
State the effect of deficiency of platelets and clotting factors in
hemostasis with clinical significance of hemophilia.
36.
VIII.
Characteristics of muscle contraction
and mechanics
State the characteristics of different types of muscles fibers.
Describe the mechanics of muscles contraction.
37. Neuro-muscular junction Draw and label neuromuscular junction, the sequence of events taking
place during neuromuscular transmission and factors affecting thereof.
38. Neuro-muscular junction disorders State the clinical importance of neuromuscular transmission in patients
of myasthenia gravis and other neuromuscular junction disorders
39. Bleeding disorders and anti-coagulation Explain the pathophysiology of bleeding disorders
Describe the mechanism, principle and importance of anticoagulation.
40. Smooth muscles State the characteristics of smooth muscle contraction with their
physiological significance.
28
PHYSIOLOGY
First Module (1 x Practical / Week) Subject: Physiology Practical
Demonstration Week Practical Learning Objectives
1.
I.
Compound Microscope Knowledge
Identify the different components of compound microscope. Explain the functions of different components of compound microscope.
Skill
Operate appropriately the compound microscope for different procedures.
2.
Study of Neubauer Chamber
Knowledge
Identify the different components of Neubaur chamber. Explain the Neubaur chamber: Area/Volume of different grids Basis of mathematical calculation
Skill
Focus properly the different counting grids of Neubaurs chamber on compound microscope.
3. II.
RBC Count by Neubauer Chamber
Knowledge
Explain the relation of Anemia with RBC count Explain the, physiological & pathological variations of RBC count.
Skill
Perform appropriately (using correct solutions and instruments) RBC count using
29
Neubaur chamber and compound microscope
Red Cell Indices Knowledge
Calculate the RBC indices. Interpretations of RBC indices. Interpret normal and abnormal results.
4. III.
WBC Count TLC, Platelet Count
Knowledge
Interpret normal and abnormal results. Of WBC & Platelets counts
Skill
Perform appropriately(using correct solutions and instruments) the WBC/platlet count using Neubaur chamber and compound microscope
5. IV.
Determination of Hemoglobin in Blood
Knowledge
Interpret normal and abnormal Hb results. Explain the physiological and pathological variations of Hb level
Skill
Perform estimation of Hb appropriately(using correct solutions and instruments)
6. V.
Estimation of Hematocrit (PCV), Osmotic Fragility of RBCs
Knowledge
Interpret normal and abnormal PCV results.
Skill
Perform estimation of PCV appropriately(using correct solutions and instruments)
30
7. VI.
Estimation of ESR Knowledge
Interpret normal and abnormal ESR results.
Skill
Perform estimation of ESR appropriately(using correct solutions and instruments)
8.
VII.
Determination of ABO, RH Blood Group
Knowledge
Explain the basis of classification of blood grouping.
Skill
Perform Blood grouping appropriately (using correct solutions and instruments)
9.
Differential Leucocyte Count (DLC)
Knowledge
Interpret normal and abnormal DLC results
Skill
Perform estimation of DLC appropriately (using correct solutions and instruments)
10. VIII.
Estimation of Bleeding and Clotting Time
(CT/BT)
Knowledge
Interpret normal and abnormal CT/BT results.
Skill
Perform estimation of CT/BT appropriately (using correct solutions and instruments)
31
DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY
S.No Faculty Topic
1. Professor: Dr. Allauddin Abro
Chemistry of Protein
2. Associate Professor:
3. Assistant Professor:
Lecturers
1. Dr. Khadija Zia Zaidi Porphyrins and Haemoglobin
Chemistry of cell and biological membrane
2. Ms. Anum Khursheed Chemistry and structure of nucleosides and nucleotides
32
RECOMMENDED BOOKS (BIOCHEMISTRY)
o An Introduction to Practical Biochemistry by Daved T Plumoner.
o Text Book of Biochemistry by J. L. Jaim.
o Biochemistry by Chattergy MN Chatter Jea, Rana Shide Text Book of JAYPEE 2012.
o Lecture Notes Kaplan
o USMLE step -1 Kaplan.
o USMLE First Aid.
o Fundamental / Introduction of biochemistry by Mackee Mackee.
o Biochemistry by Hanfer
33
BIOCHEMISTRY
First Module (3 x Lectures / Week) Subject: Biochemistry
Lectures Week Topics Learning Objectives
1.
I.
Biochemistry of Cell &
Biological membrane -I
Illustrate and categorize different types of cytological techniques.
Demonstrate basic techniques to study cell, separation of materials through
centrifugation, chromatography and microscopy.
2. Protein Chemistry -I Explain the structure, functions and classification of amino acids along with their
buffering role in human body in pH maintenance.
3. Biochemistry of Cell &
Biological membrane -II
Differentiate cell organelles, their structure and biochemical functions (Mitochondria,
Ribosomes, Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Lysosomes, Peroxisomes)
and associated disorders.
4.
||.
Protein Chemistry -II
Describe definitions, biochemical importance and classification of proteins based on,
physiochemical properties, functional, nutritional, and structural basis.
5. Biochemistry of Cell &
Biological membrane -III
Describe detailed chemical composition of Cell Membrane and its biochemical
significance.
6. Protein Chemistry -III Understand the details of structure of proteins and their significance.
7. III.
Protein Chemistry -IV
Contrast the techniques for separation of proteins e.g. salting out, electrophoresis,
chromatography, and centrifugation.
34
8. Biochemistry of Cell &
Biological membrane -IV Explain chemistry of receptors and signal transduction.
9. Protein Chemistry -V Explain Immunoglobulins and their biochemical significance.
10.
IV.
Biochemistry of Cell &
Biological membrane -V
Biochemistry of membrane transport mechanism, active transport, passive transport,
simple and facilitated diffusion.
11. Protein Chemistry -VI Describe chemistry and functions of Plasma proteins & their clinical significance.
12.
Chemistry and structure of
nucleosides and nucleotides
-I
Chemistry and structure of nucleosides and nucleotides.
13.
V.
Porphyrins and hemoglobin -I Normal haemoglobin its structures, functions and types.
14. Porphyrins and hemoglobin -
II
Describe structures, functions and types of haemoglobin, Oxygen binding capacity of
haemoglobin, factors affecting and regulating the oxygen binding capacity of
haemoglobin.
15.
Chemistry and structure of
nucleosides and nucleotide -
II
Biochemical role and derivatives of nucleotides and nucleosides alongwith their
significance.
16. VI. Porphyrins and hemoglobin -
III Concepts of degradation of heme, formation of bile pigments, its types, transport and
35
excretion.
17. Porphyrins and hemoglobin -
IV Chemistry and biosynthesis of porphyrins and their disorders (Porphyrias).
18.
Chemistry and structure of
nucleosides and nucleotides
-III
Describe the synthetic derivative of purine and pyrimidines, and their role in health
and diseases.
19.
VII.
Porphyrins and hemoglobin -
V Hyperbilirubinimea, their biochemical causes and differentiation.
20. Porphyrins and hemoglobin -
VI Discuss jaundice and its types, and kernictrus.
21.
Chemistry and structure of
nucleosides and nucleotides
-IV
Name the types of nucleic acids,
Describe the structure and functions of nucleic acids,
Identify the genetic disorders that are associated structural abnormality of nucleic
acid.
22.
VIII.
Porphyrins and hemoglobin -
VII Haemoglobinopathies (Hb-S, thalassaemia etc) and their biochemical causes
23.
Chemistry and structure of
nucleosides and nucleotides
-V
Structure types and functions of RNA.
36
BIOCHEMISTRY
First Module (1 x Practical / Week) Subject: Biochemistry Practical
Practical Week Topic Learning Objectives
1. I.
Introduction to use of Laboratory
Equipment:
Glassware
Spectronic 20
Microlab
Knowledge
Identify glassware, spectronic 20 , microlab and their uses.
Skills
Operate spectronic 20 appropriately to measure absorption at single
wavelengths.
2. II.
Spectrophotometer Knowledge
Identify the spectrophotometer
Identify the components that is required for relevant operations of
spectrophotometer
List the uses of spectrophotometer
Skills
Calibrate spectrophotometer
operate spectrophotometer efficiently
how to measure concentration of different solution by using wavelength
3. III.
Introduction to use of Laboratory
Equipment;
Incubator
Knowledge
Identify the incubator, water bath and hot oven.
Identify the components that are required for relevant operation of the
37
Water Bath
Hot Oven
incubator, water bath and hot oven.
Uses of the incubator, water bath and hot oven.
Skills
Operate incubator, water bath and hot oven for;
maintenance of temperature
heating a solution
melting a substrate
4. IV.
Introduction to use of Laboratory
Equipment ;
Centrifuge Machine
Electronic Balance
pH Meter
Knowledge
Identify the centrifuge machine, electronic balance and pH meter
Identify the components that are required for relevant operation of the
centrifuge machine, electronic balance and pH meter.
List uses of centrifuge machine, electronic balance and pH meter.
Describe the procedure of calculating pH
Skills
Operate centrifuge machine for centrifugation.
Measure the substances using electronic balance
Record pH of a solution by pH meter
5. V.
Solutions: types, preparation and
clinical significance
Knowledge
Identify different types of solutions
Illustrate correct volume and units.
Skills
Prepare different types of solutions of varying volumes and concentrations.
38
6. VI.
Qualitative Analysis of proteins - I
Biuret Test
Millon‟s Test
Knowledge
Describe the principle of Biuret test and Millon‟s test
Reagents of Biuret test and Millon‟s test
Explain the standard procedure (including precautions) of performing
Biuret and Millon‟s test.
Interpret of results of Biuret and Millon‟s test.
Skills
Perform Biuret test and Millon‟s test to ensure the presence of proteins in
a given sample.
7. VII.
Qualitative Analysis of proteins - II
Ninhydrin Test
Aldehyde Test
Knowledge
Describe principle of Ninhydrin and Aldehyde test
Reagents of Ninhydrin and Aldehyde test.
Explain the standard procedure (including precautions) of performing
Ninhydrin and Aldehyde test
Interpretation of results of Ninhydrin and Aldehyde test.
Skills
Perform Ninhydrin test and Aldehyde test to identify the presence of
aminoacids and ketones.
8. VIII.
Qualitative Analysis of proteins – III
Sulphur Test
Knowledge
Describe principle of Sulphur test and Xanthoproteic test
39
Xanthoproteic Test Reagents of of Sulphur test and Xanthoproteic test
Explain the standard procedure (including precautions) of performing of
Sulphur test and Xanthoproteic test
Interpretation results of Sulphur test and Xanthoproteic test
Skills
Perform sulphur and Xanthoproteic test to identify the presence of bile
salts and proteins, respectively.
40
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL EDUCATION
MEDICAL EDUCATION
First Module (1 x Lecture / Month)
Lecture Week Topics
1. 1 Global trends in medical education
2. 3 Expectations/Characteristics of graduates
3. 5 Methods of teaching and learning / technique Improvement in learning skills/Academic counselling and support
4. 7 Communication Skills
S.No Faculty
1 PROFESSOR: Dr. S.N. Bazmi Inam
2 Associate Professor: Dr. Asif Kazmi