cluster varieties with coefficients - unamlara/talks/londonfeb2019.pdf · geometric:...
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Cluster varieties with coefficients
L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Oaxaca
arXiv:1809.08369
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 1/ 24
Motivation
Algebraic: Fomin-Zelevinsky x-pattern and y -pattern.x-pattern can be endowed with coefficients: what abouty -pattern?
Geometric: Gross-Hacking-Keel-Kontsevich introduce flatfamily Aprin: what is the cluster dual X -analogue?
Toric degenerations: GHKK degenerate Grassmannians totoric varieties using A-structure. Rietsch-Williams degenerateGrassmannians to toric varieties using X -structure: how arethey related?
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 2/ 24
Mutations
N ∼= Zn lattice, {·, ·} : N × N → Z, M = N∗
µ(n,m) : TN 99K TN
µ∗(n,m)(zm′) = zm
′(1 + zm)m
′(n).
Let {ei} basis of N, {fi} dual basis of M
TN := Spec(C[M]) = SpecC[z±f1 , . . . , z±fn ]
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 3/ 24
A-cluster varieties
fix s0 = {ei} basis of N, vi := {ei , ·} ∈ M s = {esi } new basis of N by certain pseudoreflections
Definition (A-cluster mutation)
µ(−ek ,vk ) : TN,s0 99K TN,s
µ∗(−ek ,vk )(zm′) = zm
′(1 + zvk )m
′(−ek )
A :=⋃s∼s0
TN,s glued by A-mutations.
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 4/ 24
Example: A in case A2
σ0
σ1σ2
σ3
σ4
z f1
z f2
z f1
z−f2 (1 + z f1 )
z−f1−f2 (1 + z f1 + z f2 )
z−f2 (1 + z f1 )
z−f1 (1 + z f2 )
z−f1−f2 (1 + z f1 + z f2 ) z f2
z f1 (1 + z f2 )
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 5/ 24
X -cluster varieties
Exchange M and N
µ(m,n) : TM 99K TM
µ∗(m,n)(zn′) = zn
′(1 + zn)n
′(m).
Definition (X -cluster mutation)
s0 = {ei} basis of N, vi := {ei , ·} ∈ M
µ(vk ,ek ) : TM,s0 99K TM,s
µ∗(vk ,ek )(zn′) = zn
′(1 + zek )n
′(vk )
X :=⋃s∼s0
TM,s glued by X -mutations.
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 6/ 24
Example: X in case A2
σ0
σ1σ2
σ3
σ4
ze2
ze1
z−e2
ze1 (ze2 + 1)
ze1 (1+ze2 )+1
ze2
1ze1 (ze2 +1)
ze1 +1
ze1+e2
ze1ze1 (1+ze2 )+1
z−e1
ze1+e2ze1 +1
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 7/ 24
Cluster Varieties with coefficients
R := C[t1, . . . , tn], c ∈ Zn, c = c+ − c−
µ(n,m),c : TN(R) 99K TN(R)
µ∗(n,m),c(zm′) = zm
′(tc+ + tc− zm)m
′(n)
Definition (cluster mutation with coefficients)
A-cluster mutation with coefficients:
µ(−ek ,vk ),ck : TN,s0(R) 99K TN,s(R).
X -cluster mutation with coefficients:
µ(vk ,ek ),ck : TM,s0(R) 99K TM,s(R).
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 8/ 24
Example: X with coefficients in case A2
σ0
σ1σ2
σ3
σ4
ze2
ze1
z−e2
ze1 (t2ze2 + 1)
t1ze1 (1+t2z
e2 )+1
ze2
1ze1 (t2z
e2 +1)
t1ze1 +1
ze1+e2
ze1t1z
e1 (1+t2ze2 )+1
z−e1
ze1+e2t1z
e1 +1
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 9/ 24
Flat families
Lemma
TN(R) = TN ×C An → An extends to flat family
Aprin :=⋃s∼s0
TN,s(R)→ An
TM(R) = TM ×C An → An extends to flat family
X :=⋃s∼s0
TM,s(R)→ An
Aprin X
πA ↘ ↙ πXAn
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 10/ 24
g-vectors
Theorem (FZ - Laurent phenomenon)
z fsi ∈ R[z±f1 , . . . , z±fn ] is a global function on Aprin.
Theorem (GHKK)
In π−1A (1) = A:
z fsi |t=1 = z f
si ∈ C[A],
a global function on A.
In π−1A (0) = TN :
z fsi |t=0 = zg
si ∈ C[M],
a character of TN .
The gsi ∈ M form a simplicial fan called the g-fan.
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 11/ 24
A-compactifications
freeze j , i.e. never mutate µ(−ej ,vj ) allow z fj = 0(Partial) compactification:
A \ D = A.
Aprin
↓ πAAn
π−1A (1) = A
π−1A (0) = TV(P)
0·
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 12/ 24
Example: Grassmannian
1 2
5
4
37
6
(partially) compactify: D := D3 ∪ · · · ∪ D7
A = A \ D and A = C (Gr2(C5)),
affine cone of Gr2(C5) ↪→ P6 with Plucker embedding.
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 13/ 24
X -compactifications
zesi local function on X can not allow ze
si = 0
partially compactify locally: replace TM by AM = An
Theorem (BFMN)
X -gluing with coefficients yields a flat family
X :=⋃s∼s0
AM,s(R)→ An
with π−1
X(1) = X Fock-Goncharov special completion, and
π−1
X(0) = TV(g-fan).
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 14/ 24
Example: X in case A2
σ0
σ1σ2
σ3
σ4
ze2
ze1
z−e2
ze1 (t2ze2 + 1)
t1ze1 (1+t2z
e2 )+1
ze2
1ze1 (t2z
e2 +1)
t1ze1 +1
ze1+e2
ze1t1z
e1 (1+t2ze2 )+1
z−e1
ze1+e2t1z
e1 +1
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 15/ 24
Homogenization
R = C[t1, . . . , tn] induces multigrading on R(ze1 , . . . , zen):
deg(ti ) := −deg(zei ).
Theorem (BFMN)
The zesi ∈ R(ze1 , . . . , zen)
are homogeneous of degree csi ∈ Zn;
are unique homogeneous extensions of zesi ∈ C(ze1 , . . . , zen)
of multidegree csi ;
have a limit in π−1X (0) = TM :
limt→0zesi = zc
si .
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 16/ 24
Grassmannians: GHKK-degeneration
C (Gr2(C5)) \ D = A WD : X → C
WD =5∑
i=1
ϑi ∈ C[z±e1 , . . . , z±e7 ].
Using Aprin: degeneration of Gr2(C5) to toric variety with polytope
ΞD = {W tropD ≥ 0} ∩ HD ⊂ R6.
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 17/ 24
Grassmannians: RW-degeneration
Gr2(C5) \ D = A◦ and Wq=1 : A◦ → C
Wq=1 =5∑
i=1
Wi ∈ C[z±f1 , . . . , z±f7 ].
Get flat degeneration of Gr2(C5) to toric variety with polytope
∆q=1 = {W tropq=1 ≥ 0} ⊂ R6.
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 18/ 24
p-map
AC (Gr2(C5)) ⊃ Xp
∼
Gr2(C5) ⊃ A◦ X ◦p
∼
Consider wD : X ◦ → C.
Key-Lemma (BCMN)
There exists a unique choice of p-map such that
p∗(wD) = Wq=1 and p∗(ΞD) = ∆q=1.
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 19/ 24
The RW-family
T = (C∗)6 with coordinates x , x , x , x , x , x
ΦS : T → Gr2(C5)
for example:
Φ∗s (p12) = 1,
Φ∗s (p34) = x x x x2 ,
Φ∗s (p24) = x x x x x2 (1 + x ) . . .
where p12 = z f7 , p34 = z f5 , p24 = z−f2(z f4+f1 + z f3+f5) . . .
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 20/ 24
The families: RW
x ’s behave as X -variables:
x = ze2 , x = ze1 ,
x = z−e3 , x = z−e2−e4 ,
x = z−e1−e5 , x = z−e1−e2−e7 .
can extend Φ∗s (pij) to X:
Φ∗s (p12) = 1,
Φ∗s (p34) = x x x x2 ,
Φ∗s (p24) = x x x x x2 (1 + t x ) . . .
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 21/ 24
Recap
GHKK RW
A ⊂ C (Gr2(C5)) A◦ ⊂ Gr2(C5)
Aprin-family open X-family
WD : X → C Wq=1 : A◦ → CA ∼= X
A \ D = A A◦ \ D◦ = A◦ ∼= X ◦
Aprin-family ∼= Aprin-family
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 22/ 24
Thank you!
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 23/ 24
References
BFMN Lara Bossinger, Bosco Frıas-Medina, Timothy Magee, and Alfredo Najera Chavez. Toric degenerations ofcluster varieties and cluster duality. arXiv:1809.08369, 2018.
BFMN Lara Bossinger, Man-Wai Cheung, Timothy Magee, and Alfredo Najera Chavez. On cluster duality forGrassmannians. In preparation, 2019.
FG16 Vladimir V. Fock and Alexander B. Goncharov. Cluster Poisson varieties at infinity. Selecta Math. (N.S.)22(4), 2569–589, 2016.
FZ02 Sergey Fomin and Andrei Zelevinsky. Cluster algebras. I. Foundations. J. Amer. Math. Soc.,15(2):497–529, 2002.
FZ07 Sergey Fomin and Andrei Zelevinsky. Cluster algebras. IV. Coefficients. Compos. Math. 143(1),112164,2007.
GHKK18 Mark Gross, Paul Hacking, Sean Keel, and Maxim Kontsevich. Canonical bases for cluster algebras. J.Amer. Math. Soc., 31(2):497–608, 2018.
RW17 Konstanze Rietsch and Lauren Williams. Newton-Okounkov bodies, cluster duality, and mirror symmetryfor Grassmannians. arXiv:1712.00447, 2017.
arXiv:1809.08369 L. Bossinger jt. B. Frıas-Medina, T. Magee, A. Najera Chavez 24/ 24