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Cloud Computing:Known Flavors
Lauren Farese, Sr. DirectorOracle Public Sector – State and Local GovernmentNASCIO Enterprise Architecture Committee, ITIL V3
The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions.relied upon in making purchasing decisions.The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remain at the sole discretion of Oracle.
2© 2009 Oracle Corporation
I've looked at clouds from both sides now,From up and down, and still somehow
It's cloud illusions I recall.I really don't know clouds at all.
Joni Mitchell - Both Sides Now
Live,1970
Why Cloud ? Why Should You Care ?
• S&L Budget cuts forcing IT Consolidation
• Cloud Computing Is a NASCIO Priority [#4 2010]
• We are at the Peak of the Hype Cycle
“IT suppliers must position as leaders in IT cloud services or forfeit an ever-expanding portion of the industry’s growth” IDC
• Federal Government’s “Cloud First” policy
• By 2012, 44% of enterprises will be leveraging private cloud services
• Demand for new Web 2.0 services from citizens
IT-as-a-Service
Optimized IT Core
Service Group A Service Group B Service Group C
Integration Layer
A Sustainable IT Operating Model is theFoundation for Cloud Computing
FBT PAY GNTS
TRDS
Client
Customs
RREIPS Integrated A/C
Refunds
RBADef
PaymentsExcise
CR
PKI
ECI ADD AWA ELS
Client StaffRemoteStaff
TAXAGENTS
GCI
Call Centres
WOC
CCD
TASS
StaffPhone
ComplianceStaff
BOA
Refmaterial
Bus. Intel
NTS A/c
BEP
CDCCCWMS
BANK
DDDR
1
Data…….
Penalty
Business
IVR
1
FBT PAY GNTS
TRDS
Client
Customs
RREIPS Integrated A/C
Refunds
RBADef
PaymentsExcise
CR
PKI
ECI ADD AWA ELS
Client StaffRemoteStaff
TAXAGENTS
GCI
Call Centres
WOC
CCD
TASS
StaffPhone
ComplianceStaff
BOA
Refmaterial
Bus. Intel
NTS A/c
BEP
CDCCCWMS
BANK
DDDR
1
Data…….
Penalty
Business
IVR
1
Complexity
Transitional
Security
SFAProduct LMSInv
MGMTB2Bproduct SCM product DBERP
MES-Dev
SFASFA-Test
SFA-Stage
Product
Product
ERP-Stage
ERP-Prod
MES-Stage
MES-Prod
productDB-Stage B2B-
StageB2B-Dev
Security Security Security
Pt. to Pt. Integrations
SFAProduct LMSInv MGMT
product SCM product DBERPMES-DevProduct ERP-
Stage
productDB-Stage
Service Group A
Data Grid Data GridData Grid
Service Group B Service Group C
Security Layer
Application Grid Application Grid Application Grid
NIST Definition of Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.
This cloud model promotes availability and is composed of:
Source: NIST Definition of Cloud Computing v15
3 Service Models
• SaaS• PaaS• IaaS
4 Deployment Models
• Public Cloud• Private Cloud• Community Cloud• Hybrid Cloud
5 Essential Characteristics
• On-demand self-service• Broad network access• Resource pooling• Rapid elasticity• Measured service
Application(SaaS – CRM, HRMS)
Oracle On Demand
Salesforce.com
Built by Cloud
Customer
ProvidedPlatform
Cloud Service Models
Providedby Cloud
Platform(PaaS – Database, Middleware, Content)
Google AppEngine, Amazon RDS
Infrastructure(IaaS - Network, OS, Storage, Servers)
Amazon EC2
Private Clouds and Public Clouds
Private Cloud
INTERNET
Public Clouds
INTRANET
PaaS
SaaS
IaaS
PaaS
SaaS
IaaS
• Used by multiple tenants on a shared basis
• Hosted and managed by cloud service provider
• Exclusively used by a single organization
• Controlled and managed byin-house IT
Lower upfront costs
Outsourced management
OpEx
Lower total costs
Greater control over security, compliance, QoS
CapEx & OpEx
Trade-offs
Enterprises will adopt a mix of private and public clouds
Enterprise Evolution To CloudNIST Deployment Models
Private Cloud Evolution
Public Cloud Evolution PaaS
SaaS
IaaS
Public Clouds
App1 App2 App3
Virtual Private Cloud
Hybrid
PaaS
SaaS
IaaS
App2 App3App1App1 App2 App3
Hybrid
• Federation with public clouds
• Interoperability
• Cloud bursting
App1 App2 App3
Private IaaS
Private PaaS
Private Cloud
• Self-service
• Policy-based resource mgmt
• Chargeback
• Capacity planning
App2 App3
Private IaaS
Private PaaS
App1
Silo’d Grid
• Physical
• Dedicated
• Static
• Heterogeneous
• Virtual
• Shared services
• Dynamic
• Standardized appliances
App1 App2 App3
App1 App2 App3
Private IaaS
Private PaaS
Oracle Cloud Computing Strategy
Private Clouds
PaaS
SaaSINTE
Public Clouds
PaaS
SaaS INTR PaaSPaaS
SaaSSaaS
Oracle Applications Oracle Applications OnDemand
IaaS
PaaSERNET
Users
IaaS
PaaS RANET
IaaS
PaaS
IaaS
PaaS
Oracle Technology for CloudsOracle Technology for Clouds
Public Cloud – Full Stack support on Amazon
• Fully certified and supported:
- Oracle VM
- Oracle Linux
- Oracle Database
- Oracle Fusion Middleware
- Oracle Applications
• E-Business Suite
• PeopleSoft
• Siebel
• Use existing Oracle licenses
• Oracle Unbreakable Linux Support and Amazon Premium Support
• Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) based on Oracle VM Templates
© 2010 Oracle Corporation
Cloud Service AdoptionSecurity Continues to be the #1 Concern
It could actually be a benefit…..
Source: www.networkcomputing.com / IDC Survey: Risk In The Cloud, June 16, 2010
“So if you flip that apprehension on its head, there may be benefits in leveraging a cloud offering with the [security] focus and core competence that a cloud provider brings to the table.”
-Michael Pearl, PricewaterhouseCoopers
Copyright ©2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Private Cloud Momentum
“Cloud computing projects are still at an early stage at most companies, if they are happening at all. However, the overwhelming majority of IT executives have at least
Source: CIO Insights Q2 2010 http://internet.ziffdavisenterprise.com/CIOI_Downloads/CIOI_2010_Q2_CloudRsrch.pdf
IT executives have at least begun evaluating the benefits of cloud technology, with much of their focus on private clouds.”
Copyright ©2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Cloud – Current Trends
Data Center Consolidation is the new Private Cloud
• Server Consolidation - virtualization
• Service Consolidation – email, security, database as a Service
What are customers looking for?
• Standard/Integrated Hardware-Software solutions
• Improve manageability
• Improved security • Improved security
.
NASCIO Draft - Cloud Deployment for Government
What are the Deployment Models? General Services Administration (GSA) Info.Apps.gov. Retrieved on March 3, 2011, from
http://www.info.apps.gov/content/what-are-deployment-models.
GSA $2.5B Cloud Computing Procurement
• Federal Cloud Computing Initiative (FCCI)- Common infrastructure, Shared services
• Key areas- Email
- Office automation- Office automation
- Electronic Records management
• Choice of models- Government Community cloud
- Provider furnished equipment private cloud
- Secret enclave
- Public cloud
• Increase agility – 2yr term
Michigan Cloud (MiCloud)IaaS
• State of Michigan Agencies- Will open up to local entities and schools
• What they did- Self Service Infrastructure provisioning
- No commercial software
- Custom front end (control)
- 7 PowerShell scripts (flexible backend - open)- 7 PowerShell scripts (flexible backend - open)
- Took provisioning from 1 week to 6 minutes
- Can open to Hybrid cloud if needed
- “Try it out” approach – saves time and money
• Cost- $118K in personnel hours
- Payback in less than 6 months
State Data Center (NM, UT)PaaS (Database as a Service - Goals and Anticipated Benefits)
• Standardize- Provisioning
- Management and monitoring
- Backup and recovery (BUR)
- Cost recoupment
• Resource Efficiency• Resource Efficiency- More efficient use of storage
- Easier network management (firewall rules)
• Increase Quality- Rapid environment provisioning
- Efficient use of development/test environments
- Bolster capability to enforce security policies
NC Education CloudSaaS
• NC Department of Public Instruction (DPI) and Local Education Agencies (LEA)- Common infrastructure, Shared services
- Move infrastructure out of LEA closets
• Key areas- Student information
- Back Office – Financial/HR- Back Office – Financial/HR
- Content Management
- Web Collaborative
- Learning management
- Identity Management
• Hybrid Model- Multiple RFPs by application
Some other State Examples
• New Jersey Transit Authority- CRM (SaaS – Salesforce.com)
• Response time dropped by 35%, productivity increased by 31%
• State of Connecticut- ERP (PeopleSoft Private cloud)
• Financials and HR to all state agencies
• Standardized shared service• Standardized shared service
• GIS Cloud (WSCA)- GIS data takes lots of storage
- Multi-state effort to share costs (CO,UT,MT,OR)
• Washington State Digital Archives- Multi-state preservation project
- Now funding a bigger cloud
Some References
• “Cloud Computing and Government : Background, Benefits,Risks” – George I. Nikolov
• “The Cloud At Your Service” – Jothy Rosenberg, Arthur Mateos
• http://collaborate.nist.gov/twiki-cloud-computing/bin/view/CloudComputing/Documents
• http://www.michigan.gov/documents/itstrategicplan/Appendix_K_Mi_Cloud_327701_7.pdf
• “Cloud Computing Explained” – John Rhoton• “Cloud Computing Explained” – John Rhoton
• NASCIO.org – new whitepaper(s) coming!• “Cloud Computing Bible” – Barrie Sosinsky
• http://www.gsa.gov/portal/category/100671
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