NAPZA (Narcotic, Psychotropic, Zat Aditif)

A. THE DEFINITION OF NAPZADrug(NAPZA) is substances that could affect the condition of psychiatric /

psychological one (thoughts, feelings and behavior) and can cause physical and psychological dependence. Included in the drug are: Narcotics, Psychotropic Substances and other addictive substances.

NARCOTIC

According to Law No 22/1997, Narcotics are: substances or drugs derived from plants or not either synthetic or semisintetis plants that can cause a decrease or change of consciousness, loss of taste, it reduces to eliminate pain, and can lead to dependence.

PSYCHOTROPIC

According to Law No 5/1997, Psychotropic are: substance or drug, either natural or synthetic, not narcotics, a potent psychoactive through selective effects on the central nervous system that causes the typical changes in mental activity and behavior.

ADDICTIVE SUBSTANCES

Which includes other addictive substances are: materials / substances that affect Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances psychoactive beyond, including:

1. Beverage AlcoholEthanol containing ethyl alcohol, which affects the central nervous system

pressure, and often become part of everyday human life - the day in a particular culture. If used in conjunction with narcotics or psychotropic would strengthen the influence of drugs / substances in the human body.

2. InhalationInhaled gases and solvents (solvent) in the form of volatile organic

compounds, found in a variety of household goods, office, and as an engine lubricant. Which is often misused are: Glue, Tiner, Erasers Cat Nails, Petrol.

3. TobaccoThe use of nicotine-containing tobacco is widespread in society.

In drug prevention efforts in the community, the use of cigarettes and alcohol, especially in adolescents, should be part of prevention efforts, because smoking and alcohol abuse is often the entrance of other dangerous drug.

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B. DRUG MISUSESIn a society of drug / drugs that are abused are:A. OPIUMa. Natural Opioda (opiates): Morphine, Opium, codeine.b. Semisynthetic Opioda: Heroin / putauw, Hidromorfin.c. Synthetic Opioda: Methadone.

Street name of Putauw: PTW, black heroin, brown sugar. Pure heroin is a white powder, while not pure white, gray.

Opium poppy is produced from the sap is processed into morphine produced putauw with a particular process, which powers 10 times more than synthetic opioda morfin.Sedangkan have the force 400 times stronger than morphine. Morphine, codeine, Methadon is a substance that is used by doctors as a very strong painkillers, such as the opreasi, people with cancer.

The reaction from the use of this very quickly, which led to a feeling of wanting to be alone to enjoy the taste and effects on the user's level of addiction will lose self-confidence to not have a desire to socialize. The user will form his own world, they feel that the environment becomes an enemy.

2. COCCAINCocaine in the form of white crystals, slightly bitter taste and the more soluble

Street name: coca, coke, happy dust, Charlie, srepet, snow / snow.Method of usage: a pile of cocaine divided into several parts lined up straight on the glass surface or a flat base surface is then inhaled by using a vacuum like suction or by fire along with tobacco. The use by dry and inhaled would risk injury to the surrounding inner nostrils.

Effects of cocaine usage: users will feel refreshed, loss of appetite, increase confidence, and can relieve pain and fatigue.

3. CANNABISStreet name: pot, marijuana, gelek, hasish, marijuana, grass, bhang. Derived

from the plant cannabis sativa or cannabis indica. How to use: smoked cigarettes in a way resembling compacted using a pipe or cigarette.

Feeling the effects of cannabis quite quickly, users tend to feel more relaxed, exaggerated feeling of joy (euphoria), often fantasize / menghayal, active communication, high appetite, sensitive, dry mouth and throat.

4. AMPETHAMINEStreet name: seed, meth, crystal, whiz. Shaped in form and gray-white powder

and tablets. How to: by way of inhalation. While the form of tablets taken with water.There are two types of Amphetamine:a. MDMA (methylene dioxy methamphetamine)Street name: Inex, xtc.Packaged in the form of tablets and capsules.

b. Methamphetamine iceStreet name: SHABU, SS, ice.The way the use of fire by using aluminum foil and the smoke is inhaled or burned by using a specially designed glass bottles (boong).

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5. LSD (Lysergic Acid)Included in the class of hallucinogens. Street name: acid, trips, tabs, paper.

Shape: usually found in the form of paper as small as a quarter-sized box of stamps in lots of colors and images. There is also a form of pills and capsules.

How to: put LSD on the surface of the tongue, and the reaction after 30-60 minutes later, disappeared after 8-12 hours.

Feeling the effects: hallucinations occur where, color, and time so that the resulting obsession with a beautiful and creepy and even a long - long time to make its use paranoid.

6. SEDATIVE-HYPNOTICS (BENZODIAZEPINES)Including a class of sedatives (tranquilizers) and hipnotika (sleeping pills).

Street name: Benzodiazepines: BK, Dum, Lexo, MG, Rohyp.How to use: to be drunk, injected, or inserted through the anus.

Used in the medical field for treatment in patients who experience anxiety, seizures, stress, as well as sleeping pills.

7. SOLVENT / INHALATIONIs the vapor gas used by inhalation. Examples: Aerosol, glue, gas lighters

Content, Tiner, for dry cleaning fluid, gasoline vapor. Usually used in a way try - try by minors, the disadvantaged groups. The effects: dizziness, head spinning, mild hallucinations, nausea, vomiting, lung problems, heart and liver.

8. ALCOHOLIs a psychoactive substance that is often used by humans

Obtained from the fermentation of honey, sugar, fruit and root - crops that result in alcohol content not more than 15%, after it carried out the distillation process to produce higher levels of alcohol, even 100%.Street name: booze, drink.The effects: euphoria, decreased consciousness and even

C. PENYALAHGUNAAN DAN KETERGANTUNGANAbuse are: the use of one or several types of periodic or regular drug beyond

medical indications, leading to physical health, psychological and social dysfunction.Dependence is: a state where there has been a physical and psychic dependence, so that the body requires a growing amount of drug (tolerance), its use is reduced or terminated if there will be withdrawal symptoms (withdrawal symptoms).

# CAUSES OF ABUSE DRUG

The causes are complex due to the interaction of various factors:A. Individual factors:

Most begin in adolescence, because the youth are changing biology, psychology and social growth. Traits - traits that have teens at greater risk of drug use:a. Tend to rebelb. Have other mental disorders, such as: depression, anxiety.c. Behavior that deviates from the rules or norms that existd. Lack of confidencee. Easily frustrated, aggressive and destructive

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f. Moody, shy, reservedg. Feeling bored and tiredh. The desire to have - like excessivei. Mencaoba's desire for fashionj. Vague identityk. Low communication skillsl. Dropping out of schoolm. Less appreciate the faith and trust.

2. Environmental factors:Environmental factors include family factors and social environment both

around the home, school, peers, and society.

Family environment:a. Parent and child communication is not goodb. Less harmonious relationshipc. Parents who are divorced, remarriedd. Parents are too busy, indifferente. Authoritarian parentsf. People who lack role models in his lifeg. Lack of religious life.

School Environment:a. Schools that lack of disciplineb. School is located near places of entertainmentc. Schools are not giving students opportunities to develop themselves creatively and positivelyd. The existence of student drug users.

Peer's environment:a. Friends with abusersb. Pressure or threats from a friend.

The community environment / social:a. Weak law enforcementb. Political situation, lack of social and economic support.

Factors mentioned above does not necessarily make a person would become drug abusers. However, more and more factors - factors above, the more likely someone become drug abusers.

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# SYMPTOMS CLINICAL DRUG MISUSED

1. Physical changes:a. At the time of using the drug: stagger, talk pelo (lisp), apathy (indifference), sleepy, aggressive.b. In the event of an overdose (Overdose): shortness of breath, slow heartbeat and pulse, cold clammy skin, and even death.c. As I was hooked (sakau): red eyes, runny nose, yawning continues, diarrhea, pain throughout the body, lazy bath, seizures, decreased consciousness.d. Long-term effect: an unhealthy appearance, regardless of health and hygiene, rotten teeth, the injection in the arm.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     2. Changes in attitudes and behaviors:a. Decreased performance at school, no homework, play truant, lazy, irresponsible.b. Altered sleep patterns, staying up late, it's hard awakened the morning, sleepy in class or at work.c. Often traveling up late, sometimes not go home without permission.d. Often shut himself, linger - long in the bathroom, evade met with other family members.e. Often received phone calls and visited people who are not recognized by other family members.f. Lie, ask a lot of money with a variety of reasons but certainly not its use, taking valuables and sell your own property or family, stealing, violent and often involved dealing with the police.g. Often be very emotional, irritable, angry, rude, hostile pencurigaan, closed and secretive.

# EFFECT OF ABUSE DRUG

Drug effect on the human body and its environment:1. Medical Complications

Typically used in large numbers and long enough. Effect on: a. Brain and central nervous system:

- Memory disorders- Impairment of attention / concentration- Disruption to act rationally- Gagguan perserpsi causing hallucinations- A disorder of motivation, so the lazy school or work- Self-control disorder, making it difficult to distinguish good / bad.

b. Respiratory: pneumonia can occur (Bronchopnemonia). swelling of the lungs (pulmonary edema)

c. Heart: heart muscle inflammation, narrowing of the coronary arteries.d. Liver: Hepatitis B and C there are transmitted by needles, sexual intercourse.e. Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) and HIV / AIDS. Known drug users

with high-risk sexual behavior, they want to have sex to get money to buy the substance or substances. Sexually Transmitted Diseases that occur are: gonorrhea (GO), the lion king (syphilis), etc.. And also drug users who use needles together - together make the rate of HIV / AIDS is increasing. HIV /

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AIDS is transmitted through needles and sexual contact, except through blood transfusion and transmission from mother to fetus.

f. Reproductive system: frequent sterility.g. Skin: a former injection for users who use needles, so they often use long

sleeves.Complications in pregnancy:- Mother: anemia, vaginal infections, hepatitis, AIDS.- Content: abortion, poisoning pregnancy, stillbirth- Fetus: growth retardation, premature, low-weight babies.

2. Social Impact The Family Environment: comfortable and peaceful atmosphere in disrupted

families, frequent fights, irritable.Parents are upset because your valuables are missing deviant behavior /

asocial children (lying, stealing, undisciplined, free-living) and a family disgrace.Disconnect the school or unemployed, since expelled from school or work, to

the detriment of family life, financial difficulties.Parents become desperate for money to increase spending for medical

expenses and rehabilitation.

3. In the School EnvironmentDestructive discipline and motivation to learn. Increased acts of delinquency,

absenteeism, student brawls. Affects penyalahguanaan improvement amongst their peers

4. In the Community EnvironmentCreated the black market between dealers and dealers who are looking for user

/ prey. Dealers or dealers use an intermediary teenagers or students who have become dependent.

Increased crime in the community: burglary, theft, murder so that the community became restless. Increased accident

# DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION EFFORTS

Prevention efforts include three things:A. Primary prevention

Recognizing the high risk adolescent drug abuse and intervene. This effort was primarily conducted to identify adolescents who have a high risk for drug abuse, after it intervenes against them for not using the drug.

These prevention efforts conducted since the early age of the child, so that factors can menghabat growth process of children can be addressed properly.

2. Secondary PreventionInterventions to treat and no longer using the drug.

3. Tertiary preventionRehabilitation of drug abuse.

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• What can be done in a family environment to prevent drug abuse?

1. Well-child Care

Full of affection. Planting good discipline. Teach distinguish good and bad. Develop independence, freedom responsibly. Develop self-esteem, appreciate if you do good or to achieve certain

accomplishments.

2. Create a Warm and Friendly AtmosphereThis makes the child's longing to go home.

3. Taking time for togetherness

4. Parents are a good exampleParents who smoke would be a bad example for children.

5. Develop good communicationTwo-way communication, being open and honest, listen to and respect the opinions of children.

6. Strengthen the religious lifeThe emphasis is not just a religious ritual, but rather strengthen the moral values embodied in the religion and apply it in everyday life - today.

7. Parents understand the drug abuse problem in order to discuss with the child

• What to do in the school environment for the prevention of drug abuse?

1. Efforts to students

Provide education to the students about the dangers and consequences of drug abuse. Involve students in planning prevention and control of drug abuse in schools.

Establish a positive self-image and develop positive skills to avoid it from drug use and smoking.

Provide a choice of activities that are meaningful to students (extracurricular). Improve guidance konseling.Membantu students who have misused the drug to be

stopped. Implementation of religious life in the day - today.

2. Efforts to prevent drug distribution in school

Raids by sudden inspection. Prohibit unauthorized persons to enter the school environment. Prohibit students out of school in school hours without the permission of the teacher.

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To foster good cooperation with various parties. Increase surveillance since the child came to school.

3. Efforts to foster a school environment

Creating a healthy school environment by fostering a harmonious huibungan between educators and students.

Promote regular attendance of teachers in schools. Exemplary attitude of teachers is very important Improve the entrance to the supervision of a child from school.

• What is done in communities to prevent drug abuses?

1. Foster a feeling of togetherness in the area of residence, so that problems that occur in the environment can be solved together.

2. Providing information to the public about drug penyalahguanaan so that people can notice it.

3. Providing information about the law relating to the drug.4. Involve all elements of society in implementing prevention and control of drug

penyalahguanaan.

D. CONCLUSION

Drug abuses, especially in teenagers is very worrisome threat to the family in particular and the nation at large. Effect of drug is very bad, both in terms of personal health, and social impacts caused.

Prevention of drug abuse problem is not the duty of a group of people, but to our common task. Drug abuse prevention efforts are done early is good, of course with enough knowledge of these countermeasures.

The role of parents in the family and also the role of educators in schools is great for handling of prevention of drug.

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So, Let’s we…

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ClosureOkay, that’s all the task that I made. I realize so many flaws in this. So I really hope

for the critic and suggestion.

Thanks very much for Ms. Riri Yuniarti as the Bilingual Biology Teacher that has teach me and give this task. So I can get many benefits from this task especially to improve my Biology ability.

I’m so sorry for all of flaws and my mistakes in this task. And I will try to be better. Thank you

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