Figura 1

Figura 2

(a) Campionatore manuale (b) Benna Van Veen

(c) Helley-Smith

Figura 3

Granulometria fondo da campionamento manuale (sinistra) e meccanico (destra)

Composizionesedimento in mototramite campionamentocon Helley-Smith

Dimensionless parameters specific for rivers like Adige and torrents

Particle Reynolds number (particle inertia/fluid viscosity ) 𝑅𝑒 = 𝑔𝜌𝑠−𝜌

𝜌𝑑𝑑

𝜈

Shields (dimensionless shear stress at the bed) 𝜃 = 𝑢∗2/𝑔

𝜌𝑠−𝜌

𝜌𝑑

Slope

10-2

10-1

100

101

102

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

[

°]

Collisional

sediment

transportwith

turbulent

suspension

Ordinarybedload

Debris flow

Collisional

sediment

transport

Rheological-phase diagram (Shields-pendenza)

from TUROWSKI, RICKENMANN and DADSON (Sedimentology, 2010)

Particle dimension

Adige River at Trento