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Finance Division, Ministry of FinanceGovernment of the People’s Republic of Bangladeshwww.mof.gov.bd
December 2018
APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY
CLIMATE PUBLIC FINANCETRACKING IN BANGLADESH
Inclusive Budgeting and Financing for Climate Resilience (IBFCR) ProjectFinance Division, Ministry of Finance
Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh
www.mof.gov.bd
December 2018
APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY
CLIMATE PUBLIC FINANCETRACKING IN BANGLADESH
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology ii
I am indeed happy that Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology jointly
developed by IBFCR Project team and my colleagues in Finance Division is going to be published for
dissemination among the wider audience.
The reliability of data and analyses presented in climate budget reports largely hinges on the robustness of
approach and methodology used in tracking climate finance. In our attempt of publishing the first climate
budget report, we had to rely on a methodology mostly drawn from the criteria set out in Climate Fiscal
Framework (CFF) 2014 to meet our immediate requirements. However, as it was essentially developed to
meet the immediate requirements to track climate expenditure subsumed in the total budget allocation of
relevant ministries, IBFCR Project team and my colleagues in Finance Division jointly worked out this new
methodology and used it for the climate budget report published this year.
The development of new methodology passed through a rigorous process of extensive review of the OECD
Rio Markers; relevant policies, plans and strategies of the Government and consultation with the key
stakeholders. Moreover, the logic set out in the methodology has already been embedded in Finance
Division's IT Platform iBAS++ to make it operational.
Some of the essential features of the new methodology include (i) climate relevance has been aligned with
the thematic areas and programmes of Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCCSAP), (ii)
all targeted climate projects have been considered 100 percent climate relevant (ii) statistical methods
have been used to establish a representative relevance weight and (iv) both development and operating
budgets have been considered. These features together speak of the comprehensiveness of the exercise
that has been carried out.
Despite being a technical document, all efforts have been made to make it as comprehensible as possible
for the general readers. In an evolving context, this publication is essentially a living document and will
accommodate changes emerging from new realities. We would, therefore, welcome any suggestions for
improvement of the methodology to ensure its continued relevance.
I thank my colleagues in Finance Division, IBFCR Project team led by National Project Director and UNDP
for their earnest endeavors to bring out this publication to inform the researchers, academics and peers in
the domain of climate finance of the approach and methodology being used while preparing climate
budget reports.
(Abdur Rouf Talukder)
Secretary, Finance Division
Preface
Acknowledgments
iii Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
This publication is the outcome of combined efforts of a dedicated team working for Inclusive Budgeting
and Financing for Climate Resilience (IBFCR) Project being implemented by the Finance Division with
support from UNDP Bangladesh and my colleagues in the budget wings and Public Expenditure
Management Strengthening Programme (PEMSP). I would like to take this opportunity to place on record
my sincere thanks and gratitude to the Secretary, Finance Division who welcomed the idea of publishing
this document intended to reach the wider audience and inform them of the approach and methodology
being followed while preparing the climate budget reports. I would also like to convey my sincere thanks to
all members of Technical Advisory Group (TAG) of the project for their comments and feedback on the
document and cleared it for use while preparing the climate budget report this year.
I sincerely thank Mr. Habibur Rahman, Additional Secretary, Dr. Krishna Gayen, former Additional Secretary;
Shirajun Noor Chowdhury, Joint Secretary; Mr. Md. Yasin, Joint Secretary; PEMSP team comprising
Mr.A.K.M. Moinuddin Ahmed, Additional Director, Mr. Saiful Islam, Coordinator (Budget and Accounts
Classification System), and Mr. Joynal Abedin, IT Consultant (Team Leader) and the IBFCR project team
comprising Mr. Ranjit Kumar Chakraborty, Project Manager; Mr.Mahedi Masuduzzaman, Fiscal Policy
Expert; Dr. Shaikh Moniruzzaman, Macroeconomist; and Mr. Bikash Chandra Mitra, Audit Expert for their
stellar contribution in developing the contents of the document. My special thanks go to Mr. Abu Sumon,
Climate Expert, IBFCR Project who with outstanding tenacity put together the methodology using climate
lens to make the system coherent, relevant and credible. Ms. Fazana Ahmed, Deputy Secretary (former
Assistant Project Director, IBFCR Project) and Ms. Milia Sharmin, Deputy Secretary (current Assistant Project
Director, IBFCR Project) had always been proactive in facilitating the entire process of getting feedback
from the key stakeholders. I deeply appreciate their contribution. Finally, I gratefully acknowledge the
whole-hearted support and cooperation provided by the desk officers of different wings of Finance Division
in accomplishing project activities.
(Dr. Md. Jafar Uddin)
Additional Secretary, Finance Division
and
National Project Director, IBFCR Project
Executive Summary
Climate Public Finance Tracking is one of the set of climate related financial planning and management
tools designed to understand a country's resource commitment to address the adverse effects of climate
change. It is increasingly important to track and report financial flows that support climate change
mitigation and adaptation, to build trust and accountability with regard to climate finance commitments
and monitor trends and progress in climate-related investment. However, the current arrangements in
place demand more transparency, comparability and comprehensiveness which are very important for
the government. The key objectives of this exercise are to: report on climate finance flows aligned with
national climate strategies and plans, improve the governance of climate finance, facilitate the assessment
of results from climate investments and support better project design.
The benefits that this exercise, as a decision support tool, is expected to deliver include ensuring
alignment of climate finance with the BCCSAP (thematic areas and programmes), reporting of climate
finances as per the ministry budget allocations, thematic areas and programmes of BCCSAP, reporting on
both allocation and expenditure and indicating where further financing is necessary and policy priorities
that need to be reviewed and re-adjusted. Moreover, the most significant long-term and sustainable
impact of this exercise is the enhanced awareness of the policy makers and planners across the
government of the relevance of climate change actions.
Two main technical approaches to weighting relevance have been used by countries - the objectives-
based approach and the benefits-based approach. Typically, the former is simpler, while the latter is more
complex and time-consuming, but potentially more robust. With lessons from the countries across the
globe practising the climate finance tracking and the advantages and disadvantages of different tracking
approaches, Bangladesh has adopted a hybrid approach that can be better described as 'Objective-Based
Cost Component Approach' to tap maximum advantages from both the approaches. This approach not
only classifies the climate relevance of projects and programmes, but also uses scientific bases to
weighting of the allocations made for those projects/programmes.
Climate change as a cross-cutting theme runs across the public sector activities relevant to climate change
adaptation and mitigation and is typically scattered across a number of ministries - including for example
ministries of agriculture, water resources, energy and transportation. This dispersion creates the risk of a
lack of ownership and awareness, and poses specific challenges for Public Financial Management (PFM)
relating to the difficulty of planning, identifying and reporting climate related expenditures.
This methodology is designed to help address these challenges. It is a tool for identifying, classifying,
weighting and marking climate-relevant allocations in the budget system, enabling the estimation,
monitoring and tracking of those expenditures. It includes the process of attaching a climate budget
marker, such as a tag or account code, to budget lines or groups of budget lines.
The methodology is informed by a study conducted by UNDP in 2018 which captures lessons from several
climate budget tracking countries (Ghana, Indonesia Nepal, Kenya and Philippines) and summarizes
different frameworks and design principles adopted by the countries in terms of climate relevance
weighting and finance tracking.
OECD Rio Markers apart, the relevant policies, plans, strategies and other documents of the country have
been extensively reviewed to contextualize the tracking methodology. It follows a step-by-step approach
and comprises of five systematic steps: Linking BCCSAP themes and programmes with the climate
relevance criteria, assigning climate relevance weight against each of the climate relevance criteria,
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology iv
relevance of projects and programmes, estimating climate finance for multiple relevance criteria and
climate finance weight for operating budget of the ministries/divisions.
Climate public finance tracking is part of a broader package of reforms that is used to help operationalize
national climate change policies and action plans. It is one component of Climate Fiscal Framework (CFF)
which has the broader scope of providing a comprehensive overview of domestic and international
climate finance; linking climate change policies with planning and budgeting; prioritising climate actions;
and developing appropriate modalities to manage climate financial flows in an effective and transparent
manner.
Successful implementation of climate finance tracking and its continued use call for comprehensive
capacity building of the relevant institutions. It is more likely to be sustained, where CC expenditure reports
are mainstreamed in the budget cycle and published as part of the budget reporting system; are used to
inform parliamentary debate; and made available to the general public and the civil society.
v Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology vi
Contents
Preface ii
Acknowledgments iii
Executive Summary iv
Abbreviations & Accronyms vii
1. Background 1
Key Objectives of the Tracking 2
Expected Benefits of Climate Public Finance Tracking 2
2. Conceptual Framework and Rationale for Climate Finance Tracking 3
Climate Finance Tracking Approach-global practices 3
Climate Change - a cross cutting theme 5
Adaptation - Conceptual Framework 5
Mitigation- Conceptual Framework 5
3. Global Experience 6
Countries adopted Climate Budget Tracking 6
Lessons from Climate Budget Tagging 9
4. Climate Finance Tracking Approach 10
5. Climate Public Finance Tracking Methodology 12
Step 1: Linking BCCSAP Themes and Programmes with the Climate Relevance Criteria 12
Step 2: Assigning climate relevance weight against each of the Climate Relevance Criteria 12
Step 3: Relevance of Projects and Programmes 13
Step 4: Estimating climate finance for multiple relevance criteria for projects/programmes 13
Step 5: Climate finance weight for 'Operating Budget' of the ministries/divisions 14
6. Way Forward 16
Appendices
Appendix 1: Climate Relevance Weights for Key Interventions for Relevance Criteria 17
Appendix 2: Climate Relevance Criteria and Relevance Weight (%) 41
Appendix 3: Example of Climate Relevance Finance Tracking in Operating Budget 65
Appendix 4: Realignment of Climate Relevance Criteria and Relevance Weight 67
vii Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Abbreviations & Accronyms
BARI Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute
BAU Business As Usual
BCCRF Bangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund
BCCSAP Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan
BMD Bangladesh Meteorological Department
BRRI Bangladesh Rice Research Institute
CBFM Community Based Fisheries Management
CBO Community Based Organisation
CC Climate Change
CCTF Climate Change Trust Fund
CDM Clean Development Mechanism
CFF Climate Fiscal Framework
CFL Compact Fluorescent Lamp
CNG Compressed Natural Gas
COA Chart of Accounts
CPEIR Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Review
CV&C Climate Vulnerability and Change
DEM Digital Evaluation Model
ECFC Empowerment of Coastal Fishing Communities
ECOFISH Enhanced Coastal Fisheries
FFWC Flood Forecasting and Warning Center
GCF Green Climate Fund
GCM Global Circulation Model
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GHG Greenhouse Gases
GIS Geographic Information Systems
GOB Government of Bangladesh
ICDDR-B International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research-Bangladesh
IFMIS Integrated Financial Management Information Systems
LCG Local Consultative Group
LNG Liquefied Natural Gas
MoEFCC Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
MOF Ministry of Finance
NARS National Agricultural Research System
NCCP National Climate Change Master Plan
NDC Nationally Determined Contributions
NW North West
OECD-DAC Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development - Development Assistance Committee
PFM Public Finance Management
PPCR Pilot Programme for Climate Resilience
REDD Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
SDGs Sustainable Development Goals
SLR Sea Level Rise
TA Technical Assistance
TRM Tidal River Management
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 1
Background1.Bangladesh is known as one of the most climate vulnerable countries in the world because of its
geographical location in a low-lying delta ecosystem on the confluence of three river systems. The adverse
effects of climate change present a range of development issues and challenges that call for a strong
policy response to address them.
The country must cope with an abundance of climate stressors, including extreme temperatures, irregular
rainfall, floods, droughts, cyclones, sea level rise, tidal surges, salinity intrusion, and ocean acidification,
among others. These climate stressors, paired with non-climate stressors affecting the country such as
corruption, pollution, changing population dynamics, urban development, and natural resource
extraction, will strain the future economic growth of the country and endanger development gains made
over the past 30 years. Without global action to reduce GHG emissions, the costs of adapting to climate
change in Bangladesh will be much greater in the future. The annual economic costs of climate change in
Bangladesh could amount to 2 percent of gross domestic product by 2050 and 9.4 percent by 2100
(MoEFCC, 2015).
The Government's commitment to address the vulnerabilities arising from climate change are well
articulated in its overarching national plans and climate policy framework. Adoption of Bangladesh
Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCCSAP) and creation of Climate Change Trust Fund (CCTF) from
its own resources to finance projects for implementation of BCCSAP represent the Government's pledge
and readiness to reduce climate vulnerabilities. In addition, adoption of a Climate Fiscal Framework (CFF)
for Bangladesh in 2014 to provide a roadmap for climate finance in the country's public financial
management systems is yet another significant step towards linking climate policies and strategies with
the resource allocation process. All these landmark initiatives are mainly attributable to Hon'ble Prime
Minister's strong leadership and innovative guidance which brought her the United Nations' highest award
on Environment, "Champions of the Earth" in 2015.
The CFF estimated that national expenditures on climate-related activities were 1.0 - 1.4 percent of GDP
and 5.3 - 7.5 percent of the combined development and revenue budgets between July 2010 and June
2014 (Bangladesh Ministry of Finance, 2014). During this four-year period, the development budget
financed 60 percent of climate activities and the revenue budget financed the remaining 40 percent.
According to source-wise analysis, 81 percent of climate-related projects and programs were financed from
domestic sources and 19 percent from external sources. Approximately, two-thirds of the external
financing came from loans and one third from grants. There were six main sources for climate change-
related financing, the (1) revenue budget, (2) development budget, (3) government finaced CCTF (4)
multilateral climate funds, (5) bilateral and multilateral development bank funds and (6) global climate
funds.
The Government of Bangladesh (GOB) has taken significant legal, strategic, and financial actions to
respond to climate challenges and capitalize on opportunities. Despite these achievements, Bangladesh
must continue to commit to significant and strategic actions for sustainable low emission, climate-resilient
development (World Bank, 2014). Overcoming the climate challenges in Bangladesh will be a major
undertaking requiring strong political will, operational and transparent institutional structures, sufficient
technical capacity, and effective use of domestic and international climate finance.
Climate Public Finance Tracking is one of a set of climate related financial planning and management tool
designed to understand a country's resource commitment to address the adverse effects of climate change.
2 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Key Objectives of the Tracking
- To report climate finance flows aligned with national climate strategies and plans
- To improve the governance of climate finance
- To facilitate the assessment of results from climate investments, and
- To support better project design
Expected Benefits of Climate Public Finance Tracking
- Alignment of climate finance with the BCCSAP (thematic areas and programmes)
- Reporting of climate finances as per the ministry budget allocations, thematic areas and programmes
of BCCSAP
- Both allocation and expenditures of the climate finances may be tracked and reported
- Indicate where further financing is necessary and policy priorities that need to be reviewed and re-
adjusted and will support as a decision support tool. Moreover, the most significant long-term and
sustainable impact of this exerciseis the enhanced awareness of the policy makers and planners
across the government of the relevance of climate change actions.
Conceptual Framework and Rationale forClimate Finance Tracking
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 3
2.OECD DAC established Rio Markers for mitigation in 1998 and for adaptation in 2010 to monitor the
development financial flows bearing in mind the objectives of Rio convention on biodiversity, climate
change and desertification. These were intended to help members with the preparation of their National
Communications to the Rio Conventions. The Handbook on OECD-DAC Rio Markers on climate change
defines that an activity "should be classified as climate-change-related" if it "…contributes to the
integration of climate change concerns with the recipient countries' development objectives through
institution building, capacity development, strengthening the regulatory and policy framework, or
research…". It identifies three options: that adaptation/mitigation is a "principal objective", "significant
objective", or "not targeted to the policy objective". For an activity to be classified as having
adaptation/mitigation as a "principal objective", it must be established that it "would not have been
funded but for that [adaptation/mitigation] objective". This is in contrast to activities categorized as having
adaptation/mitigation as a "significant objective" which have "other prime objectives, but have been
formulated or adjusted to help meet climate concerns." (OECD, 2011a).
The international community recognizes the need for joining forces to avert the risks arising from climate
change. This requires mobilizing financial resources from a wide range of sources, public and private,
bilateral and multilateral. It is increasingly important to track and report financial flows that support
climate change mitigation and adaptation, to build trust and accountability with regard to climate finance
commitments and monitor trends and progress in climate-related investment. However, the current
arrangements in place demand more transparency, comparability and comprehensiveness which are very
important for the government.
Climate Finance Tracking Approach - global practices
Two main technical approaches to weighting relevance have been used by countries - the objectives-
based approach and the benefits-based approach. Typically, the former is simpler, while the latter is more
complex and time-consuming, but potentially more robust.
Objectives-based approach: weighting is determined by an assessment of the relevance of a
programme/ activity's stated objectives. One example of the objectives-based approach is use of the
CPEIR climate relevance index, where the declared objective of the activity is mapped against the
index (from highly relevant to marginally relevant or neutral). Each relevance level corresponds to a
weight on the scale of 0-100%, indicating the proportion of the expenditure to be counted as climate
relevant. The mapping of objectives against the index is usually based on the judgement of the user
performing the tagging using the information contained in the project document / planning template.
While reporting on the total climate budget using this approach, only items with larger amounts are
captured not those with smaller amounts. As a result, climate relevance is not reflected in its entirety.
Benefits-based approach: this approach involves applying a benefit cost ratio, where the weight is
determined by analysing the benefits when climate change impacts materialise compared to the
situation without climate change. The method identifies the "additional" climate change component
of an activity on more objective grounds compared to subjective judgement of the declared objectives
in the CPEIR climate relevance index method. However, this approach is not always feasible due to
data requirements and the complexity of the analysis.
4 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
CC% = (B - A) / B
where, A = the benefits that would be generated by the action, if there was no CC
B = the benefit that would be generated with CC
The benefits from an action are those conventionally recognised in national planning and include:
economic benefits (e.g. incomes, assets), social benefits (e.g. education, health, welfare, gender) and
environmental benefits (e.g. biodiversity, reduced pollution). For major investments, the benefits may be
estimated as part of an economic analysis (e.g. rates of return for irrigation, roads, new crop varieties,
energy investments). For other actions, they may be defined as outcomes in logical frameworks, with
associated indicators (e.g. people protected from floods, hectares of forest planted, number of
households).1
Note that the benefits-based approach typically results in lower estimates of climate relevant expenditure -
mainly because the maximum weighting under the objectives-based approach is typically 100%, while
under the benefits-based approach it is typically 33%.
Given the potential complexity of developing a weighting methodology, countries have taken different
approaches to facilitate national implementation. Two examples are shown in the table below along with
their advantages and disadvantages.
Table- 1: Examples of different approaches to introducing weighting methods
Country example Advantages Disadvantages
Nepal's climate relevance index
(highly relevant; relevant;
medium) is assigned to a
programme based on the sum of
budgets of its relevant activities
expressed as proportion of the
programme's total budget.
The relatively simple method
made it possible to roll out the
budget tracking to line ministries
within a short period of time.
Lack of flexibility at present. For
example, the size of highly
relevant climate budget appeared
over-stated in 2017/18 as block
grant transfers to the newly
established local governments
were marked as relevant. These
large, unanalyzed transfers
distorted the overall picture.
Indonesia decided to implement
budget tracking with the
weighting component to be
introduced only at a later stage
recognizing the complexity of
developing a robust cost-
effectiveness methodology and
the consensus-building it entails.
Delaying the introduction of the
weighting component allows
time to build a consensus
around the methodology.
More complex methods can
produce more objective results
that links spending to its
outcome.
The accuracy of complex
methods depends on the
availability and reliability of data
and capacity to conduct the
analysis. The investment of time
and effort to develop and
periodically update the method
needs to be balanced with
potential gains in the accuracy of
estimates.
Until very recently Indonesia has
only tagged mitigation
expenditure, where it may be
more feasible to defer weighting.
1UNDP 2015 CPEIR Methodological Guidebook, pp. 54-55
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 5
With lessons from the countries across the globe practicing the climate finance tracking and the
advantages and disadvantages of different tracking approaches, Bangladesh has adopted a hybrid
approach that can be better described as 'Objective-Based Cost Component Approach' to tap maximum
advantages from both the approaches discussed above. This approach not only classifies the climate
relevance of projects and programmes, but also uses scientific bases to weighting of the allocations made
for those projects/programmes. Although a fully functional benefits based approach should be ideal, given
the existing planning and financing process, it must go through a reform process until such approach can
be adopted.
Climate Change - a cross cutting theme
Climate change is a cross-cutting theme, and is rarely if ever a separate sector or complete programme in
government financial management and reporting. Public sector activities relevant to climate change
adaptation and mitigation are typically scattered across a number of ministries - including for example
ministries of agriculture, water resources, energy and transportation. This dispersion creates the risk of a
lack of ownership and awareness, and poses specific challenges for Public Financial Management (PFM)
relating to the difficulty of planning, identifying and reporting climate related expenditures.
This methodology is designed to help address these challenges. It is a tool for identifying, classifying,
weighting and marking climate-relevant allocations in the budget system, enabling the estimation,
monitoring and tracking of those expenditures. It includes the process of attaching a climate budget
marker, such as a tag or account code, to budget lines or groups of budget lines.
Adaptation - Conceptual Framework
Adaptation implies reduction in the vulnerability of human or natural systems to the impacts of climate
change and climate variability related risks by maintaining or enhancing adaptive capacity and resilience.
In general, an activity is considered as an adaptation activity if it:
- Reduces the risk, exposure or sensitivity of human or natural systems to climate change and climate
variability;
- Increases the potential or capability of a system to adapt to effects and impact of climate stimuli;
- Builds problem solving capacity to develop responses to climate variability and change;
- Incorporates climate risk information into decision-making.
Mitigation- Conceptual Framework
Mitigation implies either reduction in emissions of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) into the atmosphere or
absorption of them from the atmosphere. An activity is considered mitigation if it:
- Contributes to the reduction of GHG intensity per unit of output;
- Limits the burning of fossil fuels for energy and uses lower carbon or renewable sources;
- Uses energy more efficiently in agriculture, homes, offices and industries;
- Plans transport systems and urban development appropriately;
- Reduces emissions from poor forest and land use practices; or
- Stores carbon in the soil through conserving forests and managing land more sustainably.
Global Experience3.Countries adopted Climate Budget Tracking
The study conducted by UNDP in 2018 captures lessons from several climate budget tracking countries
across the globe.2 Table below has summarized the different frameworks and design principles adopted
by the countries in terms of climate relevance weighting and finance tracking.
Table- 2: Countries adopted Climate Budget Tracking - key design issues
6 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Country
Ghana
Indonesia
Framework and Typology Weighting Weighting Tracking
Framework: National Climate
Change Policy Master Plan 2015-
2020
Typology: adaptation/
mitigation only
Policy objectives are grouped
into high, medium and low
relevance according to direct
relevance to NCCP Master Plan
and to mention of "climate
change" in policy objective
description in Ghana medium
term development plan.
Weightings are 100% for high,
50% for medium and 20% for
low - so for example all low
relevant policy objectives have
20% of the funding classified as
being climate change relevant.
Two COA segments are tagged -
policy objective and activity/
operation segments - but not in
the IFMIS. Tagging is done in an
offline system ("Climatronic").
Framework: Mitigation - National
Action Plan to Reduce GHG
Emissions; activities with (a)
direct impacts and (b) indirect
impact contributing to GHG
emission reduction, GHG
emissions absorption, carbon
stock stabilization. Adaptation
(from 2018/19): guidance being
developed from National Action
Plan for Climate Change
Adaptation.
Typology: Adaptation and
Mitigation. While direct and
indirect impacts are separately
identified in the classification, this
distinction does not appear to be
recorded for the national budget
tracking system. Note: one
Ministry (Ministry of Public Works
and Housing) is using an internal
budget system to distinguish
direct and indirect impacts, and
also to tag below output level, to
component level.
No weighting process as yet -
100% of all expenditures tagged
as adaptation or mitigation
related are reported as CC
expenditures.
The Government's budgeting
and performance reporting
system ("Krishna") has a series
of (currently) seven budget tags
of which one is CC adaptation
and one is CC mitigation (others
include gender, infrastructure,
health and education).
Tagging is at the output level -
which is level 3 of the
programme budget hierarchy (1.
Programme, 2. Activity, 3.
Output, 4. Component, 5.
Detailed expenditure).
2 Unpublished study titled "Climate Budget Tagging: Introductory Guidance Note and Experience from Seven Countries - Bangladesh,
Ghana, Indonesia, Kenya, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines"
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 7
Country
Kenya
Framework and Typology Weighting Weighting Tracking
Framework: Guidelines based
on CPEIR. For an activity to
qualify to be categorized as
climate relevant expenditure,
funds incurred or invested must:
a. address one or all of
adaptation, mitigation or
enabling environment (climate
awareness, training, policy and
capacity building) as per the
definition given by OECD
b. more than 25% of the funding
must go to one or all the above
climate risk mitigation or
proofing category
c. actual incremental or
additional financing need not
be demonstrated but there must
be certainty that funds have
been used for a) above.
d. outcome/output must be
increased resilience, reduced
emissions or more awareness
on climate change.
Typology: Mitigation, Adaptation
and Enabling Environment.
Weighting of each programme
according to three levels of
objective - principal, significant,
low as follows:
- "Principal objective" should
cover adaptation dimension
explicitly in the objective… or
should have most of the
activities (and the budget) as
adaptation/ mitigation-related.
100% of the budget/
expenditure is allocated as
climate relevant.
- "Significant objective" should
specify adaptation/ mitigation
dimension as a secondary
objective (of a programme
module) or at least one
indicator on activity or outcome
level. 50% of the budget/
expenditure is allocated as
climate relevant.
- No climate related objective is
treated as low relevance. No
budget/ expenditure is allocated
as climate relevant.
- Note that percentages may be
varied to follow real values if the
information is available.
The climate tag is linked to the
programmatic segment of the
COA, and details are provided in
an additional, 8th segment of
the COA that has been (or is
being?) created in GOK's IFMIS to
capture cross-cutting issues,
such as climate change.
The 8th segments is made up of
4 digits. For CC the first two
digits mark CC (01); the third
digit adaptation/mitigation; and
the fourth digit principal/
significant/low.
Nepal Framework: CPEIR 2011
identified 83 climate-relevant
programmes, following which a
list of 11 climate relevant
categories of programmes was
developed to guide future
identification. [note: currently
developing a sector-specific
guideline with the Ministry of
Agriculture, and other sectors
may follow].
Typology: highly relevant,
relevant and neutral. Currently
climate change expenditures are
not classified into adaptation
and mitigation.
The budgets of climate relevant
programmes are reviewed; each
underlying activity budget line is
marked as climate relevant or
not. The budgets for the
relevant activities are summed
and calculated as a percentage
of the total budget for that
programme. If the climate
relevant percentage of the total
budget is >60%, the programme
is marked as "highly relevant"; if
between 20% to 60%, marked as
"relevant"; below 20% "neutral".
The whole of the budget for the
programme is then entered into
the category computed above.
A single digit climate budget tag
with 3 settings is attached to
each programme both in the
budget and accounting systems
- 1= highly relevant, 2 = relevant,
3 = neutral.
8 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Country
Philippines
Framework and Typology Weighting Weighting Tracking
Framework: National Climate
Change Action Plan.
Typology: the CC typology
defines 247 activities structured
into the following 5 level
hierarchy, starting at top:
- Adaptation/ mitigation;
- NCCAP strategic priority;
- NCCAP sub-priority;
- Type of intervention;
- Activity.
[note: this typology is used for
analysing the budget, but
expenditure is not captured in
same level of detail]
No weighting as such - 100% of
all expenditure identified as
climate relevant is booked. For
Programs, Activities, and
Projects (PAPs) identified as CC
adaptation-related or CC
mitigation-related, the entire
budget is tagged as CC
expenditure if the main
objective, or one of the main
objectives, of the PAP is to
address climate change. If the
PAP's main objective does not
explicitly articulate addressing
climate change, identify only the
components of the PAP that
directly address climate change
based on the CC typology, and
include only the expenditure of
the identified CC component.
Climate Change Expenditure
Tagging (CCET) uses a 6-
character typology code (1
character for the first 4 levels of
hierarchy, and 2 characters for
level 5 - activity) for each of the
247 CC activities. This code is
integrated with the budgeting
system (and is part of budget
inputting), but not with the
expenditure COA (manual
mapping is necessary, and at a
summarised level).
Figure 1 below shows a model to illustrate the various options, and maps the climate budget tracking
countries as examples.
- The complexity of the identification and weighting methodology, and the necessary capacity at
implementing ministries;
- The availability of IT systems across all parts and levels of government and the extent of their
integration.
Figure 1 Modalities for climate tagging system
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 9
Lessons from Climate Budget Tagging
More than an expenditure tracking tool, Climate Public Finance Tracking methodology has demonstrated a
range of benefits. Those benefits - including potential future benefits - are elaborated and drawn together:
i. Raising awareness and understanding of climate change, for example:
Helping to strengthen planning and budgeting in line ministries. In Indonesia, the Ministry of Finance and
the National Planning Agency encourage line ministries to use the climate expenditure data to strengthen
their quantitative performance indicators.Giving visibility to government climate change action both
within the government, towards state accountability and oversight institutions, and among citizens. In
Nepal, the National Planning Commission and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry used the budget
tracking data to raise awareness among line ministries of the scale of existing climate change action and
motivate further action. To raise public awareness of government action budget tracking data was
published as a dedicated "Citizens' Climate Budget" in Nepal and as part of Department of Budget's
"People's Budget" in the Philippines..
ii. Mobilising resources for climate change, for example:
Providing evidence on government's existing spending as the basis for estimating the funding gap to
inform government engagement with development partners and broader efforts to mobilise additional
resources. For example, the Ministry of Finance in Indonesia used the budget tracking data to show the gap
between the existing public spending and the estimated cost of the national climate action, and thereby
the need to mobilise private financing. Subsequently, the MOF issued Green Bonds and Green Sukuk
(Islamic bond) designed to fund climate and biodiversity related programmes. With similar objectives to
leverage additional, private financing, the MOF in Kenya is preparing to issue its sovereign Green Bond.
iii. Improved monitoring and reporting of climate change policy and progress, for example:
Facilitating government reporting on international commitments, such as Biennial Update Reports (BURs)
on UNFCCC's Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), and progress towards the SDGs. For BURs, CBT
provides expenditure data routinely collected by the existing financial management system to quantify
both the existing spending and the need for additional financing for implementing NDCs.
10 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Climate Finance Tracking Approach4.Following the OECD Rio Markers, the IBFCR project team reviewed the relevant policies, plans, strategies
and other documents to contextualize the tracking methodology. These include Bangladesh Climate
Change Trust (BCCT) Act, Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCCSAP), 2012
Bangladesh Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Review (CPEIR), 2014 Climate Fiscal Framework
(CFF), the Bangladesh Seventh Five-Year Plan, and the Bangladesh Vision 2021 plan. The project also
reviewed documents from other sources, such as the Bangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund (BCCRF)
Implementation Manual, BCCRF completion report, the Local Consultative Group (LCG) on Environment
and Climate Change's capacity and institutional mapping review, and other policy briefs and assessments
by development partners and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs).
The IBFCR team had several meetings with the iBAS++ development team and organized at least 5
workshops with relevant FD and line ministry officials involved in planning and budget preperation while
developing this methodology for climate public finance tracking. In addition, comments from the
participants of training courses conducted after the issuance of Budget Circular have also been used as
inputs for development of the methodology. As many as 200 budget and planning desk officers of the line
ministries including those of Finance Division participated in the training courses. The team also took this
methodology to the climate vulnerable communities living in coastal polders of Deluti Union, Paikgachha
Upazila, Khulna District and conducted two FGDs (one with the UP members and the other with the
occupational and religious groups) to check its validity and appropriateness. Several suggestions and
observations made by the stakeholders both at the national and the community levels were
accommodated. These are as follows:
- Climate Relevance has been aligned with the thematic areas and programmes of Bangladesh Climate
Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCCSAP 2009) ;
- All targeted climate projects and programmes have been considered to be 100% climate relevant;
- 51 climate relevance criteria that include '44 programmes of the BCCSAP', a climate criteria for
'Targeted Climate Change Projects/Programme' in each thematic area and a criteria to capture 'non-
climate relevant finance' have been introduced;
- Climate relevance weight based on climate dimension and climate sensitivity (based on climate cost
component) of the relevance criteria has been assessed;
- The climate relevance categories for the criteria based assessment which are a) Strongly Relevant (81
to 100%), b) Significantly Relevant (61 to 80%), c) Moderately Relevant (41 to 60%), d) Somewhat
Relevant (21 to 40%), e) Implicitly Relevant (6 to 20%), and f) Not Relevant (0 to 5%) have been used;
- Projects and programmes are usually complex in nature and may match with more than one climate
relevance criteria. They have been selected on a priority basis (criteria with maximum climate
allocation comes first). That also includes the non-climate finance criteria;
- Statistical methods (sample distribution, standard deviation, weighted reciprocal ranking) have been
used to establish a representative relevance weight. In addition, climate finance in a project with
multiple relevance criteria has been distributed as per the weighted reciprocal ranking;
- Both the 'development budget' (projects and programmes) and 'operating budget' (previously known
as non-development budget) have been considered for climate finance tracking;
- Climate relevance for Ministry Operating Budget (general, support activities, special activities, and LG
transfer) was established on the basis of their 'Allocation of Business', portfolio of projects and
programmes, citizens charter and contribution to climate change adaptation and mitigation;
- At this stage, only public finance has been considered for tracking of climate finance. As soon the
private sector financing is systematically introduced in the updated Climate Fiscal Framework (CFF
2014), this methodology is robust enough to extend its scope beyond public finance.
The cross-cutting nature of climate change can complicate the task of defining a clear scope for climate
budget tracking. Even where addressing the impacts of climate change forms one of the core strategic
goals of a government, the cross-cutting nature of CC makes it highly unlikely that all CC activities can be
grouped and managed as a single policy programme by one line-ministry.
The difficulty of establishing a single climate change programme is illustrated by the structure of the
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While climate action is represented by SDG 13 ("Take urgent action
to combat climate change and its impacts"), actions under a number of the other SDGs can also be
expected to help in climate mitigation and adaptation efforts (e.g. SDG 7 "Ensure access to affordable,
reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all" and SDG 2 "End hunger, achieve food security and improved
nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture").
While some activities can be identified as climate action based on their explicit objectives (i.e. they
articulate climate change objectives, or are linked to the national climate change policy) there are many
other activities across all government sectors that may not have an explicit climate-related objective but
their implementation nevertheless has significant impact on climate change (e.g. construction projects
that incorporate climate change adaptation solutions). There are two key parameters that define the
contour of the CBT:
(1) Breadth of coverage - The scope of climate budget tracking can cover the national climate change
policy, which defines several priority sectors (e.g. in the Philippines), or encompass all government
activity (e.g. in Nepal). While the latter option will generate more comprehensive information, it
requires significant capacity to undertake consistent assessment of a programme/project's climate
change relevance across all sectors, which leads to point (2)
(2) Depth of coverage - The level of comprehensiveness of the climate relevance analysis ranges from a
rapid assessment based on project documents and consultation with government experts to an in-
depth climate screening appraisal of whether the implementation brings mitigation and/or
adaptation benefits.
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 11
Climate Public Finance Tracking Methodology5.The tracking methodology follows a step-by-step approach and comprises of five systematic steps:
Step 1: Linking BCCSAP Themes and Programmes with the Climate Relevance Criteria
First, defining and classifying climate expenditures. This includes developing guidance for identifying what
is and what is not climate relevant, typically drawing on the national climate change policy. And also
defining a typology for climate change expenditure - which may for example be simply into two categories,
adaptation and mitigation, or may be a more elaborate structure of climate change interventions as in
BCCSAP 2009.
The tracking will use the Themes and Programmes identified under the BCCSAP (44 Programmes under 6
Thematic Areas) as the Climate Relevance Criteria for tracking climate public finance. The relevance criteria
proposed in the Climate Fiscal Framework (CFF 2014) was also aligned with the BCCSAP thematic areas
and programmes for harmonized climate finance reporting. Alignment of the criteria used for CFF 2014 and
the new criteria is presented in Appendix-4.
Step 2: Assigning climate relevance weight against each of the Climate Relevance Criteria
Second, assessing and "weighting" the climate relevance of those expenditures is critical. Categorizing fully
targated climate relevant activities are fairly easy but the methodology is designed in such a way that a
lower proportion of the allocation on less relevant activities is also captured along with the allocations on
more highly relevant activities.
Identify key relevant interventions under each climate relevance criteria and rate each of those in terms of
(a) Climate Sensitivity, and (b) climate change Relevance.3 For multiple interventions under a climate
relevance criteria, the climate relevance weight for the interventions is calculated by subtracting the
standard deviation of the relevance weights from the maximum relevance weight of the interventions.
Statistical formula to find climate relevance weight for a criteria are:
i) Identify the maximum relevance weight from the selected interventions under a climate relevance
criteria
MAX (X1, X2, ………, Xn)
ii) Calculate the Standard Deviation of the relevance weight
12 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
3 the negative values/allocation, investments causing additional emission and maladaptation was not counted. This will be counted as the
system evolves.
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 13
4 To address the risk of an often-smaller sample size, the coefficient of variation (CV=standard deviation / mean) was calculated. As a rule
of thumb, a CV >= 1 indicates a relatively high variation, while a CV < 1 can be considered low. Standard deviations aren't "good" or "bad",
they only indicate how spread the data is.
The standard deviation is an extremely useful measure of spread in part because it is
mathematically tractable.4 Many formulas in inferential statistics use the standard deviation. More
commonly, the outlier affects both results and assumptions. In this situation, it is not legitimate to
simply drop the outlier because targeted funds and facilities are established to designed 100%
climate relevant projects/programmes, whereas there are number of projects that has no
meaningful association with the climate change.
iii) Calculate the climate relevance weight of a 'Climate Relevance Criteria':
MAX (X1, X2, ………, Xn) - s
Step 3: Relevance of Projects and Programmes
If a project or programme addresses only one relevance criteria, the climate relevant finance should be
calculated as percentage (of climate relevance) of the annual project allocation for the project/
programme. But the projects and programmes are usually complex in nature and may have finances that
match with more than one climate relevance criteria. The budget desk officers will be able to select up to
three climate relevance criteria (incuding the 'non-climate finance' criteria, if deemed fit) against a project
or programme based on the amont of budget allocation for each relevance area (descending order). The
project/programme relevance is then calculated following the same formula of deducting sample
standard deviation from the maximun relevance weight percentage, as in Step-2.
Step 4: Estimating climate finance for multiple relevance criteria for projects/programmes
From the overall project or programme relevance weight worked out in Step-3 should now be distributed
among the multiple matching relevance criteria according to the amont of budget allocation for each
relevance area. As the criterias are already ranked (decending order) in Step-3, the statistical formula to
distribute the climate finance among the relevance criteria:
i) Weighted Reciprocal Rank for multiple relevance criteria
Relevance Rank Reciprocal
Rank
Individual Weight:
3 (Three) Relevance
Individual Weight:
2 (Two) Relevance
Individual Weight:
1 (One) Relevance
Relevance-1 1 1.00 0.55 0.67 1
Relevance-2 2 0.50 0.27 0.33 -
Relevance-3 3 0.33 0.18 - -
Table- 3: Climate Relevance Weight for a Combination of Relevance Criteria
The mean reciprocal rank is a statistic measure for evaluating any process that produces a list of possible
responses to a sample of queries, ordered by probability of correctness. Therefore, we may say, for projects
and programmes with three Relevance the percentages are 55%, 27% and 18% of the climate finance for
Relevance-1, Relevance-2, and Relevance-3 respectively. For projects and programmes with two Relevance
the percentages are 67% and 33% for Relevance-1 and Relevance-2 respectively. For the projects and
14 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
5 The codes have been used in the IT-based climate finance module of the government's Integrated Budgeting and Accounting system
(iBAS++) for classification and reporting purposes.6 The set of criteria is aligned with the BCCSAP-2009 Thematic and Programme Areas and for which the relevance weight was worked out
based on the climate sensitivity comparing with the business as usual development scenario. Details of the assessment is provided in
Appendix-1. A detail description of the criteria along with the possible adaptation and mitigation projects/activities are also provided in
Appendix-2.
programmes with one Relevance Criteria, 100% of the relevant allocation should go for the criteria. This is
to note that part of the allocation may be 'Not Climate Relevant' and the remaining may address up to two
more relevance criteria, totaling maximum three criteria for a project or activity. One must take care of the
issue that criteria with most climate relevance allocation must come first and so on. Otherwise, the
assessment may not provide appropriate assessment of climate allocation.
Step 5: Climate finance weight for 'Operating Budget' of the ministries/divisions
Tracking operating cost is warranted as they constitute costs (e.g. for 11-functions, 12-support activities,
13-special activities, and LG) that go beyond development allocation (e.g. projects and programmes). The
'Allocation of Business', project and programme portfolio, and contribution to climate change adaptation
and mitigation were considered in this regard. An example of the climate relevant finance assessment for
Operating Budget is provided in Appendix-3.
A summary of the criteria-based climate weight assessment is provided in Table-4. The weights are
estimated based on the analysis and assumptions made in Appendix-1 to 3. The principle for analysis is
the additionality of climate allocation over the business as usual development financing towards a climate
resilient Bangladesh.
Table- 4: Climate Relevance Criteria and Relevance Weight
Code5 Climate Relevance Criteria6 Relevance (%)
01
0101
0102
0103
0104
0105
0106
0107
0108
0109
0110
02
0201
0202
0203
0204
0205
03
0301
0302
0303
0304
100
73
69
66
62
48
40
46
52
38
100
61
68
46
77
100
68
70
80
Food security, social protection, and health
Implementation of specific climate policy-strategies or food security, social protection and
health related activities funded from the Climate Fund
Institutional Capacity for research towards climate resilient cultivars and their resilience
Development of climate resilient cropping systems and production technologies
Adaptation against drought, salinity, submergence and heat
Adaptation in the fisheries sector
Adaptation in Livestock Sector
Adaptation in Health Sector
Water and sanitation programme for climate vulnerable areas
Livelihood protection in ecologically fragile and climate vulnerable zones
Livelihood protection of vulnerable socio- economic groups (including women)
Comprehensive disaster management
Implementation of specific climate policy-strategies or Comprehensive disaster management
related activities funded from the Climate Fund
Improvement of flood forecasting and early warning systems
Improvement of cyclone and storm-surge warning
Awareness raising and public education towards climate resilience
Risk management against loss of income and property
Infrastructure
Implementation of specific climate policy-strategies or Infrastructure related activities funded
from the Climate Fund
Repair and maintenance of existing flood embankments
Repair and maintenance of existing cyclone shelters
Repair and maintenance of existing coastal polders
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 15
Code5 Climate Relevance Criteria6 Relevance (%)
0305
0306
0307
0308
0309
04
0401
0402
0403
0404
0405
0406
0407
0408
05
0501
0502
0503
0504
0505
0506
0507
0508
0509
0510
0511
06
0601
0602
0603
0604
0605
0606
0607
07
0701
Improvement of urban drainage
Adaptation against floods
Adaptation against future cyclones and storm-surges
Planning, design and construction of river training works
Planning, design and implementation of resuscitation of the network of rivers and khals
through dredging and de-salutations work
Research and knowledge management
Implementation of specific climate policy-strategies or Research and knowledge management
related activities funded from the Climate Fund
Establishment of a centre for research, knowledge management and training on climate
change
Climate Change Modeling at National and sub-national levels
Preparatory studies for Adaptation against sea level rise and its impacts
Monitoring of Eco system and Bio- diversity changes and their impacts
Macroeconomic and sectoral economic impacts of climate change
Monitoring of Internal and External Migration and providing support of capacity building for
rehabilitation
Monitoring of impact for management of Tourism and improvement of priority action plan
Mitigation and low-carbon development
Implementation of specific climate policy-strategies or Mitigation and low-carbon
development related activities funded from the Climate Fund
Improved Energy efficiency
Gas Exploration and reservoir management
Development of coal mines and coal fired power station
Renewable energy development
Lower emission from agricultural land
Management of urban waste
Forestation and reforestation program
Rapid expansion of energy saving Devices e.g. CFL
Energy and water efficiency in built environment
Improving in energy consumption pattern in transport sector and options for mitigation
Capacity building and institutional strengthening
Implementation of specific climate policy-strategies or Capacity building and institutional
strengthening related activities funded from the Climate Fund
Revision of sector policies for climate resilience
Mainstreaming climate change in National, Sector and Spatial Development program
Strengthening human resource capacity
Strengthening Gender consideration in climate change management
Strengthening institutional capacity for Climate Risk Management
Mainstreaming climate change in the media
Not Climate Relevant7
Not Climate Relevant
61
70
72
48
68
100
70
90
84
40
83
48
32
69
28
12
81
60
46
69
68
48
28
100
68
77
48
26
66
30
0
7 If a project or activity is not aligned with any of the criteria and sub-criteria mentioned in this table, it should be assessed as 0% i.e. 'Not
Climate Relevant' project. However, there will be projects where part of the project allocation is 'Not Climate Relevant' but the remaining
allocations have relevance with one or two criteria/sub-criteria above, the project should be assessed as climate relevant along with the
'Not Climate Relevant' criteria. But the 'order' of the criteria-based assessment must follow the amount of climate allocation for each
relevant criterion i.e. the criteria with highest climate allocation must come first and so on to a maximum of three criteria for each
project/programme.
16 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Way Forward6.Climate public finance tracking is not a standalone initiative but part of a broader package of reforms that
is used to help operationalize national climate change policies and action plans.
Bangladesh conducted a Climate Expenditure and Institutional Review (CPEIR) in 2012 to take stock of
existing climate change institutional and financial management arrangements and adopted its first
Climate Fiscal Framework (CFF) in 2014 as a baseline for designing further reforms.
Climate budget tracking methodology is one component of CFF which has the broader scope of providing
a comprehensive overview of domestic and international climate finance; linking climate change policies
with planning and budgeting; prioritising climate actions; and developing appropriate modalities to
manage climate financial flows in an effective and transparent manner.
Comprehensive capacity building initiatives is also fundamental to successful implementation of climate
finance tracking and its continued use.
Climate budget tracking will be most valuable, and more likely to be sustained, where CC expenditure
reports are mainstreamed in the budget cycle and published as part of the budget reporting system; are
used to inform parliamentary debate; and are published in climate expenditure reports available to the
general public and Civil Society.
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 17
Appe
ndix
1: C
limat
e Re
leva
nce
Wei
ghts
for K
ey In
terv
entio
ns fo
r Rel
evan
ce C
rite
ria
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
01
Food
sec
urity
, soc
ial p
rote
ctio
n, a
nd h
ealth
01
01
Proj
ect/
Prog
ram
me
from
Tar
gete
d Cl
imat
e Ch
ange
Fun
ds
Proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
from
lo
cal c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
e.g
. CC
TF
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
from
m
ultil
ater
al a
nd b
ilate
ral c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
s e.g
. BCC
RF, P
PCR
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Glob
al c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
s e.g
. GC
F, A
dapt
atio
n Fu
nd
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
10
0 01
02
Inst
itutio
nal C
apac
ity fo
r Res
earc
h To
war
ds C
limat
e Re
silie
nt C
ultiv
ars
and
thei
r Res
ilien
ce
Colle
ctio
n an
d pr
eser
vatio
n of
lo
cal v
arie
ties o
f rob
ust c
ultiv
ars
and
docu
men
tatio
n of
thei
r ch
arac
teris
tics
20
Som
etim
es d
one
as p
art o
f the
re
gula
r dev
elop
men
t pro
cess
80
In
mos
t are
as a
ffect
ed b
y CC
to
pre
serv
e m
ost a
dapt
ive
crop
var
ietie
s 60
Rese
arch
to d
evel
op c
limat
e re
silie
nt v
arie
ties o
f ric
e (i.
e., h
eat,
drou
ght,
salin
ity a
nd
subm
erge
nce-
tole
rant
var
ietie
s)
0 Cl
imat
e re
silie
nt ri
ce v
arie
ties
wer
e de
velo
ped
once
the
clim
ate
impa
cts a
re v
isib
le
100
Seve
ral r
esili
ent v
arie
ties a
re
deve
lope
d an
d co
ntin
ue to
de
velo
p as
the
chan
ges
happ
en.
100
Rese
arch
to d
evel
op c
limat
e re
silie
nt c
ultiv
ars o
f whe
at a
nd
othe
r foo
d an
d no
nfoo
d cr
ops,
incl
udin
g ve
geta
bles
0 Cl
imat
e re
silie
nt c
ultiv
ars
varie
ties w
ere
deve
lope
d on
ce
the
clim
ate
impa
cts a
re v
isib
le
100
Seve
ral r
esili
ent c
ultiv
ars o
f w
heat
, foo
d an
d no
n-fo
od
crop
s are
dev
elop
ed a
nd
cont
inue
to d
evel
op a
s the
ch
ange
s hap
pen.
100
Fiel
d tr
ials
and
dis
sem
inat
ion
to
40
DAE
and
NGO
s con
duct
s a
80
Mor
e fie
ld tr
ials
bas
ed o
n 40
1 T
his i
s an
indi
cativ
e lis
t of c
limat
e re
leva
nt p
roje
cts/a
ctiv
ities
whi
ch a
re g
ener
ally
und
erta
ken
by th
e m
inis
tries
and
div
isio
ns b
ut n
ot e
xhau
stiv
e en
ough
to d
raw
a b
orde
rline
. 2 ‘S
ensi
tivity
’ is t
he ra
ndom
am
ount
of u
nint
ende
d cl
imat
e fin
anci
ng th
at is
sub
sum
ed in
the
Bus
ines
s as U
sual
(BA
U) d
evel
opm
ent f
inan
cing
; 3 ‘R
elev
ance
’ is t
he e
xpec
ted
amou
nt o
f clim
ate
finan
ce c
ompa
red
to th
e B
AU
dev
elop
men
t fin
anci
ng fo
r res
ilien
ce. I
t is c
onsid
ered
that
not
all
the
activ
ities
are
equ
ally
rele
vant
as v
ulne
rabi
lity
varie
s acr
oss
the
plac
es a
nd p
rodu
ctio
n sy
stem
s.
4 The
diff
eren
ce b
etw
een
the
‘Rel
evan
ce’ a
nd ‘S
ensi
tivity
’ per
cent
age
dete
rmin
es th
e re
quire
d ad
ditio
nal f
inan
cing
pos
sibi
litie
s fo
r cer
tain
act
iviti
es.
18 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
farm
ers o
f the
loca
l rob
ust c
ultiv
ars
and
the
new
ly d
evel
oped
var
ietie
s,
in p
artn
ersh
ip w
ith th
e ex
tens
ion
serv
ice
and
NGO
s
num
ber o
f fie
ld tr
ials
for
robu
st c
ultiv
ars
the
clim
ate
vuln
erab
ility
and
ag
ro e
colo
gica
l zon
es m
ay
be e
stab
lishe
d
Stre
ngth
enin
g th
e ca
paci
ty o
f key
re
sear
ch in
stitu
tes a
nd sc
ient
ists
to
unde
rtak
e th
e w
ork
40
Rese
arch
cen
ters
are
es
tabl
ishe
d an
d co
nduc
ting
scie
ntifi
c re
sear
ch a
nd tr
ials
10
0
Mor
e re
sear
ch o
n cl
imat
e re
silie
nt o
ptio
ns a
re
nece
ssar
y to
cop
e w
ith th
e ch
ange
s
60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
73
01
03
Dev
elop
men
t of c
limat
e re
silie
nt c
ropp
ing
syst
ems
and
prod
uctio
n te
chno
logi
es
Deve
lop
clim
ate
resi
lient
cro
ppin
g pa
ttern
s sui
ted
to d
iffer
ent r
egio
ns
of th
e co
untr
y 20
Deve
lope
d cr
oppi
ng p
atte
rs
base
d on
agr
o ec
olog
ical
zo
nes w
hich
has
clim
ate
com
pone
nts e
mbe
dded
with
in
100
Nee
d to
dev
elop
zone
s for
cl
imat
e re
silie
nt c
ropp
ing
patte
rs to
avo
id c
rop
loss
an
d de
crea
sed
prod
uctio
n
80
Fiel
d le
vel t
rials
of c
limat
e re
silie
nt
crop
ping
pat
tern
s, a
ssoc
iate
d w
ater
man
agem
ent (
e.g.
irrig
atio
n)
syst
ems,
and
aw
aren
ess
gene
ratio
n am
ong
farm
ers a
nd
cons
umer
s
20
Low
wat
er h
ungr
y cr
oppi
ng is
de
mon
stra
ted
and
prac
ticed
es
peci
ally
. in
N-W
regi
on
100
Seve
ral o
ther
dry
seas
on
crop
irrig
atio
n op
tions
are
de
mon
stra
ted,
pro
ven
effe
ctiv
e, n
eed
to b
e sc
aled
up
80
Deve
lop
orga
nize
d se
ed
prod
uctio
n, st
orag
e, su
pply
syst
em
and
exte
nsio
n m
echa
nism
s 40
Se
ed st
orag
e ca
paci
ty is
de
velo
ped
acro
ss th
e co
untr
y 10
0
Prod
uctio
n of
clim
ate
resi
lient
seed
var
ietie
s and
ex
pans
ion
of st
orag
e an
d ex
tens
ion
capa
city
is c
ritic
al
to su
stai
n th
e pr
oduc
tion
60
Iden
tify/
deve
lop
tech
nolo
gies
(i.e
. m
ulch
ing,
wat
er m
anag
emen
t, po
lytu
nnel
s, ra
ised
bed
s, et
c.) f
or
crop
pro
duct
ion
in th
e vu
lner
able
ar
eas
20
Seve
ral c
rop
prod
uctio
n te
chno
logi
es a
re b
eing
pr
actic
ed b
y th
e fa
rmer
s 80
Mor
e ef
fect
ive
and
ecos
yste
m sp
ecifi
c te
chni
ques
nee
d to
be
intr
oduc
ed in
the
clim
ate
hots
pots
60
Deve
lop
early
war
ning
and
wea
ther
fo
reca
stin
g fo
r cro
p pr
oduc
tion
agai
nst d
isea
ses,
inse
cts,
dro
ught
, flo
ods,
stor
ms,
tida
l sur
ges,
etc
.
20
Gene
ral w
eath
er fo
reca
sts a
re
avai
labl
e ac
ross
the
coun
try.
N
GOs h
as d
emon
stra
ted
agric
ultu
re fo
reca
st.
100
Nee
d to
dev
elop
cou
ntry
w
ide
and
loca
tion
spec
ific
agric
ultu
re fo
reca
stin
g sy
stem
alig
ned
with
BM
D
80
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 19
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
and
FFW
C fo
reca
sts
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
69
01
04
Adap
tatio
n ag
ains
t dro
ught
, sal
inity
, sub
mer
genc
e an
d he
at
Prep
arat
ion
of a
dapt
atio
n pl
ans
and
GIS
map
s of a
reas
vul
nera
ble
to d
roug
hts,
salin
ity su
bmer
genc
e an
d he
at
20
Exis
ting
map
s doe
s not
alw
ays
cons
ider
clim
ate
para
met
ers
80
The
map
s sho
uld
incl
ude
clim
ate
varia
bles
incl
udin
g ris
ks, v
ulne
rabi
litie
s,
adap
tatio
n an
d m
itiga
tion
mea
sure
s
60
Deve
lop
and
test
ada
ptiv
e m
easu
res i
n dr
ough
t, sa
linity
su
bmer
genc
e, h
eat a
nd c
old-
pron
e ar
eas b
y app
ropr
iate
cul
tivar
s,
crop
ping
pat
tern
s and
land
and
w
ater
man
agem
ent p
ract
ices
, and
ef
fect
ive
diss
emin
atio
n to
farm
ers
20
Exis
ting
prac
tices
are
bas
ed o
n ag
ro e
colo
gica
l zon
es a
nd
disa
ster
vul
nera
bilit
ies.
100
Crop
ping
pra
ctic
e sh
ould
be
diffe
rent
bas
ed o
n th
e cl
imat
e vu
lner
abili
ties e
.g.
salin
e to
lera
nt v
arie
ties i
n co
asta
l, dr
ough
t and
low
w
ater
hun
gry
crop
s in
N-W
, sh
ort d
urat
ion
rice
in H
aor
regi
on
80
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
66
01
05
Adap
tatio
n in
the
fishe
ries
sect
or
Asse
ss p
oten
tial t
hrea
ts to
fish
sp
awni
ng a
nd g
row
th o
f fis
h in
the
fresh
wat
er fi
sher
ies s
ecto
r and
un
dert
ake
adap
tive
mea
sure
s,
incl
udin
g po
nd fi
sher
ies,
rive
r-ba
sed
cage
aqu
acul
ture
etc
.
60
Mos
t of t
hese
opt
ions
are
pr
actic
ed a
cros
s the
cou
ntry
. N
atio
nal p
rogr
amm
es e
.g. 3
rd
and
4th
fishe
ries p
roje
ct, C
BFM
ha
s pro
mot
ed th
is.
100
Seve
ral o
ther
bet
ter o
ptio
ns
for i
nteg
rate
d an
d ad
aptiv
e fre
shw
ater
floo
dpla
in
man
agem
ent s
houl
d be
ad
opte
d ac
ross
the
ecol
ogic
al zo
nes.
40
Asse
ss p
oten
tial t
hrea
ts to
fish
sp
awni
ng a
nd g
row
th o
f fis
h in
the
coas
tal z
one
and
brac
kish
wat
er
and
unde
rtak
e ap
prop
riate
ad
aptiv
e m
easu
res a
nd c
ultu
ral
prac
tices
20
Mos
t of t
hese
opt
ions
are
pr
actic
ed a
cros
s the
cou
ntry
. N
atio
nal p
rogr
amm
es e
.g.
ECFC
, ECO
FISH
, HIL
SA
100
Seve
ral o
ther
bet
ter o
ptio
ns
for i
nteg
rate
d an
d ad
aptiv
e br
acki
sh w
ater
fish
erie
s m
anag
emen
t sho
uld
be
adop
ted
acro
ss th
e co
asta
l zo
nes.
80
Asse
ss p
oten
tial t
hrea
ts to
the
mar
ine
fish
sect
or a
nd u
nder
take
ad
aptiv
e m
easu
res
0
Littl
e or
no
mea
sure
s hav
e be
en ta
ken
exce
pt b
an o
n fis
hing
(clo
sed
seas
on) i
n m
arin
e fis
herie
s
80
Seve
ral o
ther
bet
ter o
ptio
ns
for i
nteg
rate
d an
d ad
aptiv
e m
arin
e fis
herie
s m
anag
emen
t sho
uld
be
80
20 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
adop
ted
in th
e se
a.
Asse
ss p
oten
tial i
mpa
cts o
n th
e sh
rimp
sect
or a
nd u
nder
take
ap
prop
riate
ada
ptiv
e m
easu
res
and
cultu
ral p
ract
ices
0
Seve
ral m
easu
res h
ave
been
ta
ken
so fa
r but
non
e co
uld
with
stan
d ag
ains
t the
impa
cts
of c
limat
e ch
ange
80
Adop
t reg
iona
l bes
t pr
actic
es in
shrim
p fa
rmin
g an
d im
plem
ent a
stro
ng
exte
nsio
n an
d m
arke
t lin
kage
serv
ices
to th
e fa
rmer
s
80
Asse
ss p
oten
tial i
mpa
cts o
n th
e m
igra
tion
of fi
sh a
nd H
ilsha
fish
an
d un
dert
ake
appr
opria
te
adap
tive
mea
sure
s
40
Seve
ral a
ctio
ns u
nder
take
n re
late
d to
sust
aina
ble
harv
est
resu
lted
in p
rodu
ctio
n bo
om
in H
ilsha
100
Clea
ring
of fi
sh m
igra
tion
rout
es d
urin
g th
e ea
rly
mon
soon
, and
effe
ctiv
e ba
n on
uns
usta
inab
le h
arve
st
60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
62
01
06
Adap
tatio
n in
Liv
esto
ck S
ecto
r
Asse
ss p
oten
tial t
hrea
ts to
the
poul
try
sect
or, d
evel
op a
dapt
ive
mea
sure
s and
dis
sem
inat
e am
ong
farm
ers
40
Seve
ral i
nitia
tives
hav
e be
en
take
n to
incr
ease
the
prod
uctio
n of
pou
ltry
sect
or
incl
udin
g im
prov
ed fe
ed,
mar
ketin
g, p
roce
ssin
g
80
Mor
e ad
aptiv
e op
tions
to
miti
gate
impa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge in
clud
ing
heat
st
roke
, new
dis
ease
s, an
d es
tabl
ish
an e
ffect
ive
exte
nsio
n se
rvic
es
40
Asse
ss p
oten
tial t
hrea
ts to
the
lives
tock
sect
or, d
evel
op a
dapt
ive
mea
sure
s and
dis
sem
inat
e am
ong
farm
ers
20
Som
e in
itiat
ives
hav
e be
en
take
n to
incr
ease
the
prod
uctio
n of
pou
ltry
sect
or
incl
udin
g im
prov
ed fe
ed,
mar
ketin
g, p
roce
ssin
g
80
Mor
e ad
aptiv
e op
tions
to
miti
gate
impa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge in
clud
ing
heat
st
roke
, new
dis
ease
s, liv
ing
with
floo
d an
d es
tabl
ish
an
effe
ctiv
e ex
tens
ion
serv
ices
60
Stre
ngth
en v
eter
inar
y se
rvic
es
syst
ems,
incl
udin
g an
imal
hea
lth
mea
sure
s in
light
of t
he li
kely
in
crea
se in
dis
ease
pre
vale
nce
40
The
coun
try
has a
stro
ng
vete
rinar
y se
rvic
e an
d ef
fect
ivel
y co
ntrib
utin
g to
m
itiga
te e
xist
ing
anim
al h
ealth
th
reat
s
100
New
dis
ease
s is l
ikel
y to
in
crea
se in
the
com
ing
year
s an
d th
e ex
istin
g sy
stem
sh
ould
ada
pt w
ith th
e ch
ange
s
60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
48
01
07
Adap
tatio
n in
Hea
lth
Sect
or
Rese
arch
on
the
impa
ct o
f clim
ate
chan
ge o
n he
alth
(inc
ludi
ng th
e 40
So
me
rese
arch
has
bee
n do
ne
on th
e pr
eval
ence
of
80
Inte
nsity
and
spre
ad o
f the
tr
aditi
onal
dis
ease
s is l
ikel
y 40
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 21
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
inci
denc
e of
mal
aria
and
den
gue,
di
arrh
eal d
isea
ses,
hea
tstr
oke)
and
th
e co
st to
soci
ety
of in
crea
sed
mor
talit
y, m
orbi
dity
and
co
nseq
uent
fall
in p
rodu
ctiv
ity
trad
ition
al d
isea
ses e
.g.
mal
aria
, dia
rrhe
al d
isea
ses
to in
crea
se a
nd n
ew
dise
ases
will
com
e.
Rese
arch
will
mak
e a
diffe
rent
in m
itiga
ting
the
futu
re ri
sks
Deve
lop
adap
tive
stra
tegi
es a
nd
unde
rtak
e m
easu
res a
gain
st
outb
reak
s of m
alar
ia, d
engu
e an
d ot
her v
ecto
r bor
ne d
isea
ses a
nd
inve
st in
pre
vent
ive
and
cura
tive
mea
sure
s and
faci
litie
s
40
Som
e m
easu
res h
ave
been
un
dert
aken
as p
art o
f the
he
alth
safe
ty p
olic
y.
80
New
dis
ease
s are
like
ly to
in
crea
se in
the
com
ing
year
s an
d th
e ex
istin
g sy
stem
sh
ould
ada
pt w
ith th
e ch
ange
s
40
Deve
lop
adap
tive
stra
tegi
es
agai
nst d
iarr
heal
and
oth
er
dise
ases
, whi
ch m
ay in
crea
se d
ue
to c
limat
e ch
ange
, and
inve
st in
pr
even
tive
and
cura
tive
mea
sure
s an
d fa
cilit
ies
40
Som
e m
easu
res h
ave
been
un
dert
aken
as p
art o
f the
he
alth
safe
ty p
olic
y.
80
New
dis
ease
s are
like
ly to
in
crea
se in
the
com
ing
year
s an
d th
e ex
istin
g sy
stem
sh
ould
ada
pt w
ith th
e ch
ange
s
40
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
40
01
08
Wat
er a
nd s
anita
tion
prog
ram
me
for c
limat
e vu
lner
able
are
as
Rese
arch
and
mon
itor c
hang
es in
w
ater
qua
lity
and
quan
tity
avai
labl
e fo
r drin
king
and
fore
cast
fu
ture
cha
nges
due
to c
limat
e ch
ange
40
Exis
ting
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
pr
ovid
es d
ata
on w
ater
qua
lity
but f
orec
ast f
utur
e ch
ange
s ar
e lim
ited
80
Fore
cast
futu
re c
hang
es d
ue
to c
limat
e ch
ange
and
st
reng
then
mon
itorin
g of
th
e w
ater
qua
lity
40
Plan
for a
nd in
vest
in a
dditi
onal
w
ater
supp
ly a
nd sa
nita
tion
faci
litie
s 40
Si
gnifi
cant
inve
stm
ents
are
m
ade
as p
art o
f the
de
velo
pmen
t age
nda
100
Mor
e in
vest
men
t is r
equi
red
to a
ddre
ss th
e ne
w a
nd
emer
ging
thre
ats,
e.g
. the
av
aila
bilit
y of
fres
h w
ater
, im
pose
d by
clim
ate
chan
ge
60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
46
01
09
Live
lihoo
d pr
otec
tion
in e
colo
gica
lly fr
agile
and
clim
ate
vuln
erab
le z
ones
Com
preh
ensi
ve a
nd p
artic
ipat
ory
plan
ning
and
inve
stm
ent f
or
clim
ate
resi
lienc
e ag
ains
t ero
sion
40
O
ften
this
is th
e go
vern
men
t pr
iorit
y to
lagg
ing
regi
ons
80
The
situ
atio
n m
ay g
et w
orse
w
ith th
e ch
ange
in c
limat
e an
d ex
tra
care
mus
t be
40
22 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
in in
com
e, e
mpl
oym
ent a
nd
hum
an h
ealth
in c
oast
al, c
har,
hilly
an
d w
etla
nd re
gion
s.
take
n
Prom
otio
n of
ada
ptiv
e liv
elih
oods
fo
r wom
en in
the
clim
ate
vuln
erab
le re
gion
s.
20
In so
me
case
s, w
omen
liv
elih
ood
is ta
ken
care
10
0 M
ore
and
mor
e w
omen
are
be
com
ing
vuln
erab
le a
nd
need
s liv
elih
ood
prot
ectio
n 80
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
52
01
10
Live
lihoo
d pr
otec
tion
of v
ulne
rabl
e so
cio-
eco
nom
ic g
roup
s (in
clud
ing
wom
en)
Com
preh
ensi
ve a
nd p
artic
ipat
ory
plan
ning
and
inve
stm
ent t
o pr
otec
t the
live
lihoo
ds (i
ncom
e,
empl
oym
ent,
heal
th) o
f gro
ups
who
will
be
espe
cial
ly se
vere
ly
impa
cted
by
clim
ate
chan
ge (e
.g.,
mar
gina
l and
smal
l far
mer
s,
fishe
rmen
par
ticul
arly
thos
e fis
hing
in
est
uarie
s and
the
seas
, the
infir
m
and
elde
rly, p
eopl
e w
ith p
hysi
cal
and
men
tal d
isab
ilitie
s)
60
This
is a
gen
eral
gov
ernm
ent
prio
rity
to in
vest
in th
e so
cial
pr
otec
tion
of th
e m
argi
nal
peop
le
80
The
situ
atio
n m
ay g
et w
orse
w
ith th
e ch
ange
in c
limat
e an
d ex
tra
care
mus
t be
take
n
20
Com
preh
ensi
ve st
udy
of th
e im
pact
of c
limat
e ch
ange
on
wom
en a
nd g
ende
r rel
atio
ns a
nd
mea
sure
s to
addr
ess t
hese
in a
ll ac
tions
und
er th
e BC
CSAP
0 W
ithou
t clim
ate
chan
ge, n
o su
ch a
ctio
ns a
re n
eede
d 80
We
shou
ld k
now
the
pote
ntia
l im
pact
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
on
wom
en fo
r bet
ter
plan
ning
80
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
38
02
Co
mpr
ehen
sive
dis
aste
r man
agem
ent
0201
Pr
ojec
t/Pr
ogra
mm
e fr
om T
arge
ted
Clim
ate
Chan
ge F
unds
Proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
from
lo
cal c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
e.g
. CC
TF
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
from
m
ultil
ater
al a
nd b
ilate
ral c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
s e.g
. BCC
RF, P
PCR
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Glob
al c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
s e.g
. 0
Thes
e fu
nds a
re n
ot u
sed
for
100
Proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
10
0
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 23
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
GCF,
Ada
ptat
ion
Fund
de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
ar
e sc
rutin
ized
usi
ng c
limat
e cr
iteria
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Wei
ght (
MAX
inte
rven
tion
wei
ght –
Sam
ple
Stan
dard
Dev
iatio
n)
100
0202
Im
prov
emen
t of f
lood
fore
cast
ing
and
early
war
ning
sys
tem
s
Revi
ew o
f the
hyd
ro-
met
eoro
logi
cal d
ata
netw
ork
and
the
setti
ng u
p of
tele
met
ric
stat
ions
20
This
is n
eces
sary
at a
lim
ited
scal
e w
hen
wea
ther
ext
rem
es
are
not s
o fre
quen
t 10
0
This
is a
mus
t for
impr
oved
ea
rly w
arni
ng, c
rop
and
prop
erty
insu
ranc
e, a
nd
disa
ster
pre
pare
dnes
s
80
Impr
ovem
ent i
n di
ssem
inat
ion
of
war
ning
s by
(a) c
ombi
ning
rive
r st
age
and
DEM
info
rmat
ion;
and
(b)
mak
ing
10-d
ay fo
reca
sts
20
This
is n
eces
sary
at a
lim
ited
scal
e w
hen
wea
ther
ext
rem
es
are
not s
o fre
quen
t 10
0
A m
ust t
o re
duce
the
loss
of
life
and
asse
ts o
f the
m
argi
nal a
nd v
ulne
rabl
e po
pula
tion
80
Awar
enes
s bui
ldin
g pr
ogra
mm
es
at c
omm
unity
leve
l on
war
ning
s pr
oduc
ed a
nd re
leas
ed b
y FF
WC
40
This
is a
regu
lar p
repa
redn
ess
agen
da fo
r ave
rage
haz
ards
an
d di
sast
ers
80
This
is v
ery
impo
rtan
t in
the
cont
ext o
f ext
rem
e cl
imat
ic
even
ts a
nd m
ake
sure
pe
ople
resp
onds
40
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
61
02
03
Impr
ovem
ent o
f cyc
lone
and
sto
rm-s
urge
war
ning
Revi
ew o
f the
pre
sent
cyc
lone
and
st
orm
-sur
ge w
arni
ng sy
stem
s and
m
ake
impr
ovem
ents
, whe
re
nece
ssar
y
20
This
is n
eces
sary
at a
lim
ited
scal
e w
hen
wea
ther
ext
rem
es
are
not s
o fre
quen
t 10
0
This
is a
mus
t for
impr
oved
ea
rly w
arni
ng, c
rop
and
prop
erty
insu
ranc
e, a
nd
disa
ster
pre
pare
dnes
s
80
Impr
ovem
ent i
n cy
clon
e an
d st
orm
-sur
ge w
arni
ng
diss
emin
atio
n to
loca
l co
mm
uniti
es, t
hrou
gh a
war
enes
s ca
mpa
igns
20
This
is n
eces
sary
at a
lim
ited
scal
e w
hen
wea
ther
ext
rem
es
are
not s
o fre
quen
t 10
0
A m
ust t
o re
duce
the
loss
of
life
and
asse
ts o
f the
m
argi
nal a
nd v
ulne
rabl
e po
pula
tion
80
Cycl
one
prep
ared
ness
pro
gram
me
(CPP
) and
oth
er v
olun
teer
cor
ps fo
r w
arni
ng d
isse
min
atio
n an
d em
erge
ncy
eval
uatio
n
40
This
is a
regu
lar p
repa
redn
ess
agen
da fo
r ave
rage
haz
ards
an
d di
sast
ers
100
This
is v
ery
impo
rtan
t in
the
cont
ext o
f ext
rem
e cl
imat
ic
even
ts a
nd m
ake
sure
pe
ople
resp
onds
60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
68
02
04
Awar
enes
s ra
isin
g an
d pu
blic
edu
catio
n to
war
ds c
limat
e re
silie
nce
Awar
enes
s rai
sing
pro
gram
mes
40
Re
gula
r dev
elop
men
t age
nda
100
All t
he c
itize
ns sh
ould
hav
e 60
24 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
amon
g lo
cal c
omm
uniti
es a
bout
im
pact
s of C
limat
e Ch
ange
fo
r disa
ster
pre
pare
dnes
s kn
owle
dge
of lo
cal i
mpa
cts
of c
limat
e ch
ange
Trai
n lo
cal c
omm
uniti
es o
n sh
elte
r m
anag
emen
t, se
arch
and
resc
ue,
and
heal
th is
sues
rela
ted
to
disa
ster
man
agem
ent
40
Regu
lar d
evel
opm
ent a
gend
a fo
r disa
ster
pre
pare
dnes
s 80
Al
mos
t all
the
area
s in
the
coun
try
is v
ulne
rabl
e to
CC
40
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
46
02
05
Risk
man
agem
ent a
gain
st lo
ss o
f inc
ome
and
prop
erty
Devi
se a
n ef
fect
ive
insu
ranc
e sc
hem
e fo
r los
ses i
n pr
oper
ty d
ue
to c
limat
e ch
ange
impa
cts
0 Cu
rren
tly n
o su
ch sc
hem
e is
re
adily
ava
ilabl
e an
d po
pula
r 80
Very
pow
erfu
l ins
trum
ent t
o im
prov
e th
e ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ty o
f the
vul
nera
ble
popu
latio
n
80
Deve
lop
an e
ffect
ive
insu
ranc
e sc
hem
e fo
r los
s of i
ncom
e fro
m
vario
us so
urce
s to
pers
ons,
hous
ehol
ds a
nd e
nter
pris
es
20
Som
e lo
cal e
xper
ienc
e (e
.g.
Pros
hika
Liv
esto
ck In
sura
nce)
an
d gl
obal
bes
t pra
ctic
e is
av
aila
ble
80
Very
pow
erfu
l ins
trum
ent t
o im
prov
e th
e ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ty o
f the
vul
nera
ble
popu
latio
n
60
Pilo
t the
insu
ranc
e sc
hem
es a
nd if
su
cces
sful
, est
ablis
h in
sura
nce
syst
ems f
or lo
wer
ing
risk
of a
dver
se
impa
ct o
f clim
ate
chan
ge
20
Som
e N
GOs a
nd In
sura
nce
Com
pani
es h
as p
ilote
d pr
oper
ty in
sura
nce
optio
ns
80
Very
pow
erfu
l ins
trum
ent t
o im
prov
e th
e ad
aptiv
e ca
paci
ty o
f the
vul
nera
ble
popu
latio
n
60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
68
03
In
fras
truc
ture
03
01
Proj
ect/
Prog
ram
me
from
Tar
gete
d Cl
imat
e Ch
ange
Fun
ds
Proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
from
lo
cal c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
e.g
. CC
TF
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
from
m
ultil
ater
al a
nd b
ilate
ral c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
s e.g
. BCC
RF, P
PCR
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Glob
al c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
s e.g
. GC
F, A
dapt
atio
n Fu
nd
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
10
0
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 25
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
0302
Re
pair
and
mai
nten
ance
of e
xist
ing
flood
em
bank
men
ts
Asse
ss th
e co
nditi
on o
f all
exis
ting
flood
em
bank
men
ts a
nd p
repa
re
GIS
map
s 20
Re
gula
r dev
elop
men
t age
nda
for d
isast
er p
repa
redn
ess
100
Floo
ds a
re b
ecom
ing
erra
tic
with
gre
ater
floo
d he
ight
an
d da
mag
e po
tent
ial
80
Imm
edia
te re
pair
and
reha
bilit
atio
n of
exi
stin
g em
bank
men
ts a
nd a
ppur
tena
nt
stru
ctur
es ta
king
futu
re fo
reca
st
flood
leve
ls in
to a
ccou
nt
40
Regu
lar d
evel
opm
ent a
gend
a fo
r disa
ster
pre
pare
dnes
s 10
0 Fl
oods
are
bec
omin
g er
ratic
w
ith g
reat
er fl
ood
heig
ht
and
dam
age
pote
ntia
l 60
Cons
truc
tion
of n
ew a
nd e
xten
sion
of
exi
stin
g em
bank
men
ts
20
Regu
lar d
evel
opm
ent a
gend
a fo
r disa
ster
pre
pare
dnes
s 80
M
ore
and
mor
e ar
eas w
ill b
e af
fect
ed b
y flo
od in
the
com
ing
year
s 60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
68
03
03
Repa
ir an
d m
aint
enan
ce o
f exi
stin
g cy
clon
e sh
elte
rs
Surv
ey a
nd p
repa
re G
IS b
ased
m
aps s
how
ing
the
loca
tion
of a
ll cy
clon
e sh
elte
rs o
n th
e co
asta
l bel
t of
Ban
glad
esh
and
a da
taba
se
desc
ribin
g th
eir p
rese
nt st
atus
and
re
pair
need
s
20
Mos
t of t
he e
xist
ing
shel
ters
ar
e ei
ther
ver
y ol
d or
not
in a
st
ate
to u
se in
em
erge
ncie
s.
Thei
r num
bers
are
als
o fe
w
100
Dist
ribut
ion
of sh
elte
rs a
s pe
r the
vul
nera
ble
popu
latio
n de
nsity
acr
oss
the
coas
t is a
mus
t to
save
liv
es &
pro
pert
y
80
Cons
truc
tion
of n
ew c
yclo
ne
shel
ters
20
Sh
elte
rs a
re b
uilt
as p
art o
f the
di
sast
er p
repa
redn
ess
mea
sure
s 10
0
Mor
e ar
eas o
f the
cos
t is
beco
min
g vu
lner
able
to
cycl
one
and
grea
ter n
umbe
r of
shel
ters
are
nec
essa
ry
80
Repa
ir an
d, w
here
nec
essa
ry,
rede
sign
of c
yclo
ne sh
elte
rs,
incl
udin
g th
eir a
ppro
ach
road
s 40
So
met
imes
the
shel
ters
are
ha
rdly
acc
essib
le d
urin
g em
erge
ncie
s 10
0
All s
helte
rs m
ust b
e w
omen
an
d ch
ild fr
iend
ly a
nd
acce
ssib
le v
ia ro
ad
conn
ectiv
ity
60
Awar
enes
s bui
ldin
g in
co
mm
uniti
es a
nd e
stab
lishm
ent o
f Co
mm
unity
She
lter C
omm
ittee
s an
d ru
nnin
g of
trai
ning
pr
ogra
mm
es, i
nclu
ding
regu
lar
resc
ue a
nd re
habi
litat
ion
prac
tice
40
Regu
lar p
ract
ice
as p
er th
e sh
elte
r man
agem
ent
guid
elin
e, b
ut o
ften
not
follo
wed
100
Ever
y sh
elte
r sho
uld
have
a
trai
ned
and
activ
e sh
elte
r m
anag
emen
t com
mitt
ee
60
26 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
68
03
04
Repa
ir an
d m
aint
enan
ce o
f exi
stin
g co
asta
l pol
ders
Surv
ey o
f the
con
ditio
n of
coa
stal
po
lder
s and
pre
para
tion
of G
IS
map
s with
pre
sent
cov
erag
e of
ar
eas p
rote
cted
by
thes
e po
lder
s
40
Regu
lar d
evel
opm
ent a
gend
a fo
r disa
ster
pre
pare
dnes
s 10
0
Cycl
ones
are
bec
omin
g er
ratic
with
gre
ater
surg
e he
ight
and
dam
age
pote
ntia
l
60
Plan
, des
ign
and
imm
edia
te
repa
irs o
f exi
stin
g dy
kes,
bas
ed o
n fu
ture
pro
ject
ed se
a le
vel r
ises
and
st
orm
surg
es
40
Regu
lar d
evel
opm
ent a
gend
a fo
r disa
ster
pre
pare
dnes
s 10
0
Cycl
ones
are
bec
omin
g er
ratic
with
gre
ater
surg
e he
ight
and
dam
age
pote
ntia
l
60
Reco
nstr
uctio
n an
d re
pair
of
pold
ers/
emba
nkm
ents
to d
esig
n he
ight
and
sect
ion
20
Regu
lar d
evel
opm
ent a
gend
a fo
r disa
ster
pre
pare
dnes
s 10
0 M
ore
and
mor
e ar
eas w
ill b
e af
fect
ed b
y cy
clon
e an
d su
rge
in th
e co
min
g ye
ars
80
Cons
truc
tion
of n
ew a
nd e
xten
sion
of
exi
stin
g co
asta
l pol
ders
20
Re
gula
r dev
elop
men
t age
nda
for d
isast
er p
repa
redn
ess
100
Mor
e an
d m
ore
area
s will
be
affe
cted
by
cycl
one
and
surg
e in
the
com
ing
year
s 80
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
68
03
05
Impr
ovem
ent o
f urb
an d
rain
age
Asse
ss th
e dr
aina
ge c
apac
ity o
f m
ajor
citi
es (D
haka
, Cha
ttogr
am,
Rajs
hahi
, Khu
lna)
and
inve
stig
ate
stru
ctur
al a
nd n
on-s
truc
tura
l ca
uses
of w
ater
logg
ing
with
in th
e ci
ties a
nd th
eir i
mm
edia
te
surr
ound
ings
usi
ng h
ydro
-dyn
amic
m
odel
s
40
Drai
nage
cap
acity
is k
now
n bu
t ofte
n en
croa
ched
or
bloc
ked
caus
ing
wat
erlo
ggin
g
80
Nee
d to
con
side
r the
ch
angi
ng h
ydro
logi
cal
regi
me
due
to c
limat
e ch
ange
. Als
o st
reng
then
en
forc
emen
t to
rem
ove
encr
oach
men
ts
40
Asse
ss th
e dr
aina
ge c
apac
ity o
f se
lect
ed o
ld d
istr
ict t
owns
(e.g
. Cu
mill
a, M
ymen
sing
h, S
ylhe
t, Ba
risha
l etc
.) an
d in
vest
igat
e st
ruct
ural
and
non
-str
uctu
ral
caus
es o
f wat
er lo
ggin
g w
ithin
ci
ties a
nd im
med
iate
surr
ound
ings
40
Drai
nage
cap
acity
is k
now
n bu
t ofte
n en
croa
ched
or
bloc
ked
caus
ing
wat
er lo
ggin
g
80
Nee
d to
con
side
r the
ch
angi
ng h
ydro
logi
cal
regi
me
due
to c
limat
e ch
ange
. Als
o st
reng
then
en
forc
emen
t to
rem
ove
encr
oach
men
ts
40
Desi
gn a
nd in
vest
in im
prov
emen
ts
40
Desi
gn w
orks
are
ofte
n do
ne
100
Mus
t con
side
r the
CC
60
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 27
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
in th
e dr
aina
ge c
apac
ity o
f the
m
ajor
citi
es
with
out C
C co
nsid
erat
ions
im
pact
s and
hyd
rolo
gica
l ch
ance
s in
med
ium
and
lo
ng te
rm
Desi
gn a
nd in
vest
in im
prov
emen
ts
in th
e dr
aina
ge c
apac
ity o
f se
lect
ed to
wns
20
De
sign
wor
ks a
re u
sual
ly d
one
with
out C
C co
nsid
erat
ions
10
0
Mus
t con
side
r the
CC
impa
cts a
nd h
ydro
logi
cal
chan
ces i
n m
ediu
m a
nd
long
term
80
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
61
03
06
Adap
tatio
n ag
ains
t flo
ods
Hyd
rolo
gica
l mod
ellin
g of
the
Brah
map
utra
-Gan
ges-
Meg
hna
Basi
n ag
ains
t fut
ure
clim
ate
chan
ge sc
enar
ios t
o es
timat
e fu
ture
floo
d le
vels
and
risk
s in
Bang
lade
sh
20
Incr
ease
d in
tens
ity o
f flo
ods i
s of
ten
cons
ider
ed d
urin
g de
sign
and
inve
stm
ent
100
Alon
g w
ith in
tens
ity,
incr
ease
d ex
trem
es a
nd
frequ
ency
pos
ed b
y CC
sh
ould
als
o be
con
side
red
80
Deve
lop
a Fl
ood
Vuln
erab
ility
Map
ba
sed
on fu
ture
pro
ject
ed c
limat
ic
para
met
ers
20
If cl
imat
e ch
ange
is n
ot
prom
inen
t, th
is m
ay n
ot b
e a
high
dev
elop
men
t prio
rity.
But
re
gula
r map
ping
shou
ld b
e do
ne
100
This
map
ping
is a
mus
t for
pr
epar
edne
ss in
cl. e
arly
w
arni
ng, e
vacu
atio
n, c
rop
harv
estin
g, sa
ving
mob
ile
prop
ertie
s to
safe
r pla
ces
80
Plan
, des
ign
and
cons
truc
t flo
od
man
agem
ent i
nfra
stru
ctur
e (e
mba
nkm
ents
and
/or o
ther
s as
appr
opria
te) i
n lig
ht o
f lik
ely
futu
re
flood
leve
ls
20
Regu
lar d
evel
opm
ent a
gend
a fo
r disa
ster
pre
pare
dnes
s 10
0 M
ore
and
mor
e ar
eas w
ill b
e af
fect
ed b
y flo
ods i
n th
e co
min
g ye
ars
80
Floo
d Pl
ain
Zoni
ng c
orre
spon
ding
to
var
ious
leve
ls o
f vul
nera
bilit
y
40
This
is a
gen
eral
dev
elop
men
t ag
enda
and
zoni
ng is
don
e re
gula
rly fo
r bui
lt up
are
as
100
This
mus
t be
done
in a
ll th
ree
grea
ter r
iver
ca
tchm
ents
(GBM
) for
bet
ter
plan
ning
and
inve
stm
ent
deci
sion
s
60
Long
term
impr
ovem
ent o
f flo
od
fore
cast
ing
and
war
ning
incl
udin
g in
stal
latio
n of
a te
lem
etric
net
wor
k an
d w
eath
er a
nd h
ydro
logi
cal
40
Wea
ther
obs
erva
torie
s and
fie
ld st
atio
ns w
ere
esta
blis
hed
and
mai
ntai
ned
regu
lar d
ata
flow
, but
not
in g
reat
er d
ensi
ty
100
Nee
d m
ore
wea
ther
stat
ions
to
intr
oduc
e cr
op in
sura
nce,
w
arni
ng e
ffici
ency
for
lives
tock
, fis
herie
s, a
nd
60
28 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
RADA
RS, a
nd d
evel
opm
ent o
f Di
gita
l Ele
vatio
n M
odel
s (DE
M)
othe
r pro
duct
ion
sect
ors
Plan
and
impl
emen
t non
-str
uctu
ral
flood
-pro
ofin
g m
easu
res
20
Usu
ally
, flo
od p
rote
ctio
n is
pe
rcei
ved
as a
stru
ctur
al
mea
sure
with
smal
l co
mpo
nent
of c
opin
g ca
paci
ty
deve
lopm
ent
100
Non
-str
uctu
ral m
easu
res
play
the
role
s equ
ally
with
st
ruct
ural
one
s to
redu
ce
dam
age
and
loss
80
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
70
03
07
Adap
tatio
n ag
ains
t fut
ure
cycl
ones
and
sto
rm-s
urge
s
Anal
ysis
of m
eteo
rolo
gica
l dat
a to
im
prov
e pr
edic
tions
of c
hang
es in
th
e pa
ttern
of c
yclo
nic
even
ts
0
Early
war
ning
dis
sem
inat
ion
and
shel
ter m
anag
emen
t re
mai
ned
the
only
pr
epar
edne
ss in
terv
entio
n
100
Long
term
met
eoro
logi
cal
data
ana
lysi
s giv
es u
s in
dica
tion
of th
e fre
quen
cy
and
inte
nsity
of f
utur
e ev
ents
100
Plan
ning
for u
pgra
ding
the
exis
ting
coas
tal p
olde
rs a
nd a
ppur
tena
nt
stru
ctur
es in
the
coas
tal r
egio
n
40
Mai
nten
ance
of e
xist
ing
pold
ers i
s a re
gula
r de
velo
pmen
t age
nda
10
0
This
nee
ds im
prov
emen
t be
yond
regu
lar
mai
nten
ance
: inc
reas
e of
he
ight
, str
engt
h
60
Plan
ning
and
des
igni
ng to
co
nstr
uct n
ew p
olde
rs in
the
coas
tal b
elt a
nd is
land
s 0
May
not
be
nece
ssar
y w
ith a
s us
ual d
evel
opm
ent w
ithou
t in
crem
enta
l CC
impa
cts
60
Ther
e is
nee
d fo
r new
po
lder
s. B
ut o
ther
ec
osys
tem
-bas
ed
inte
rven
tions
may
als
o be
im
plem
ente
d e.
g.
Plan
tatio
n, d
redg
ing,
TRM
60
Plan
and
dev
elop
coa
stal
gre
en
belts
as a
mea
sure
aga
inst
stor
m
surg
e
60
Gree
n be
lts re
mai
ned
deve
lopm
ent p
riorit
y si
nce
70s
but d
eple
ted
and
encr
oach
ed
in m
any
area
s
80
Ther
e m
ust b
e a
full-
scal
e pl
anta
tion
prog
ram
me
alon
g th
e co
ast,
esp.
acr
oss
the
prob
able
cyc
lone
pat
hs
20
Repa
ir, m
aint
enan
ce, a
nd
cons
truc
tion,
as a
ppro
pria
te, o
f cy
clon
e sh
elte
rs fo
r pro
tect
ion
agai
nst s
torm
surg
e
40
Regu
lar d
evel
opm
ent a
gend
a fo
r disa
ster
pre
pare
dnes
s 10
0 M
ore
and
mor
e ar
eas w
ill b
e af
fect
ed b
y cy
clon
e an
d su
rge
in th
e co
min
g ye
ars
60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
72
03
08
Plan
ning
, des
ign
and
cons
truc
tion
of ri
ver t
rain
ing
wor
ks
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 29
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
Iden
tific
atio
n of
ero
sion
pro
ne
area
s inc
ludi
ng m
onito
ring
mec
hani
sms a
nd ru
n ph
ysic
al a
nd
hydr
o-dy
nam
ic m
odel
ling
40
The
area
s are
iden
tifie
d ba
sed
on th
e em
piric
al e
vide
nces
80
This
shou
ld c
onsi
der m
ainl
y th
e riv
er m
orph
olog
y,
upst
ream
wat
er d
ischa
rge
for d
ynam
ic m
odel
ling
40
Desi
gn o
f riv
er tr
aini
ng p
rogr
amm
e an
d pr
ojec
ts
40
Desi
gned
as p
er th
e co
nven
tiona
l tec
hniq
ues o
n a
reac
tive
basi
s 10
0
This
shou
ld b
e do
ne a
s pr
epar
edne
ss o
ptio
n an
d ba
sed
on m
orph
olog
ical
re
gim
e of
the
river
60
Exec
utio
n of
rive
r tra
inin
g w
orks
60
Ti
min
g is
the
key.
With
out
prop
er p
redi
ctio
n, re
spon
se
may
not
brin
g go
od re
sults
10
0
This
shou
ld b
e do
ne
cons
ider
ing
mor
phol
ogy
base
d de
sign
, and
pr
edic
tion
base
d pr
epar
atio
n
40
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
48
03
09
Plan
ning
, des
ign
and
impl
emen
tatio
n of
resu
scita
tion
of th
e ne
twor
k of
rive
rs a
nd k
hals
thro
ugh
dred
ging
and
de-
salu
tatio
ns w
ork
Prep
arat
ion
of R
iver
Res
usci
tatio
n M
aste
r Pla
n on
the
Upa
zila
De
velo
pmen
t Pla
n an
d id
entif
icat
ion
of p
riorit
y ge
ogra
phic
ar
eas
0
The
mas
ter p
lan
is n
ot
prep
ared
yet
. The
re
susc
itatio
n w
orks
are
not
do
ne in
an
inte
grat
ed w
ay.
80
The
wor
ks m
ust b
e im
plem
ente
d ba
sed
on a
m
aste
r pla
n fo
r im
prov
ed
navi
gabi
lity.
Pie
cem
eal
inte
rven
tions
will
not
del
iver
op
timum
resu
lts
80
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
rive
r de-
silta
tion
plan
in a
pha
sed
appr
oach
0
The
de-s
iltat
ion
wor
ks a
re n
ot
done
in a
n in
tegr
ated
way
. 80
Th
e w
orks
shou
ld b
e do
ne in
a
phas
ed a
ppro
ach
and
as
per t
he m
aste
r pla
n.
80
Deve
lopm
ent o
f a p
artic
ipat
ory
oper
atio
n an
d m
anag
emen
t pla
n 20
Lim
ited
part
icip
atio
n is
w
elco
me
and
no
com
preh
ensi
ve m
anag
emen
t pl
an in
pla
ce
80
As th
e pe
ople
alo
ng th
e riv
er
has t
radi
tiona
l kno
wle
dge,
th
ey m
ust b
e in
clud
ed in
the
man
agem
ent p
lan
60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
68
04
Re
sear
ch a
nd k
now
ledg
e m
anag
emen
t 04
01
Proj
ect/
Prog
ram
me
from
Tar
gete
d Cl
imat
e Ch
ange
Fun
ds
Proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
from
lo
cal c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
e.g
. CC
TF
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
30 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
Proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
from
m
ultil
ater
al a
nd b
ilate
ral c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
s e.g
. BCC
RF, P
PCR
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Glob
al c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
s e.g
. GC
F, A
dapt
atio
n Fu
nd
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
10
0 04
02
Esta
blis
hmen
t of a
cen
tre
for r
esea
rch,
kno
wle
dge
man
agem
ent a
nd tr
aini
ng o
n cl
imat
e ch
ange
Esta
blis
h ce
nter
s and
/or n
etw
orks
fo
r res
earc
h on
clim
ate
chan
ge a
nd
clim
ate
chan
ge im
pact
s and
thei
r m
anag
emen
t
0
Clim
ate
chan
ge o
utfit
s are
es
tabl
ishe
d in
diff
eren
t nod
al
orga
niza
tions
. Sus
tain
abili
ty
beyo
nd p
roje
ct su
ppor
t is i
n qu
estio
n.
80
The
clim
ate
chan
ge o
utfit
s sh
ould
be
inte
rnal
ized
w
ithin
the
regu
lar
gove
rnm
ent f
unct
ions
and
pu
t in
a ne
twor
k of
out
fits
80
Esta
blis
h a
virt
ual t
echn
olog
y ba
nk
20
Tech
nolo
gies
and
bes
t pr
actic
es a
re d
ocum
ente
d in
a
piec
emea
l man
ner t
hrou
gh
proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
.
80
A na
tiona
l tec
hnol
ogy
bank
sh
ould
be
esta
blis
hed
cons
ider
ing
all s
ecto
rs
vuln
erab
le to
clim
ate
chan
ge
60
Deve
lop
and
mai
ntai
n a
dyna
mic
w
eb p
orta
l 20
Seve
ral w
eb p
ages
are
de
velo
ped
by d
iffer
ent
orga
niza
tion
on a
pro
ject
ba
sis.
Not
regu
larly
upd
ated
.
80
A na
tiona
l dyn
amic
por
tal i
s a
mus
t for
har
mon
ized
in
form
atio
n ba
se a
nd
inte
rven
tion
map
ping
60
Deve
lop
trai
ning
pro
gram
mes
for
high
and
mid
-leve
l offi
cial
s of t
he
Gove
rnm
ent,
NGO
s and
priv
ate
orga
niza
tions
/ass
ocia
tions
and
pr
ovid
e tr
aini
ng in
col
labo
ratio
n w
ith re
sear
ch c
ente
rs a
nd
univ
ersi
ties
20
Trai
ning
s are
hap
peni
ng
acro
ss th
e or
gani
zatio
ns o
n di
sast
er p
repa
redn
ess.
80
Clim
ate
chan
ge tr
aini
ng
wou
ld in
crea
se th
e kn
owle
dge
and
nego
tiatio
n sk
ills,
taki
ng in
form
ed
inve
stm
ent d
ecis
ions
60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
70
04
03
Clim
ate
Chan
ge M
odel
ing
at N
atio
nal a
nd s
ub-n
atio
nal l
evel
s
Build
cap
acity
for c
onst
ruct
ion
of
GCM
mod
els w
ith sm
all g
rids
0 N
o su
ch m
odel
s and
map
s w
ere
deve
lope
d un
til c
limat
e ch
ange
wer
e ev
iden
t and
80
In
tern
al c
apac
ity m
ust b
e de
velo
ped
to a
djus
t and
run
the
mod
els o
n a
regu
lar
80
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 31
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
detr
imen
tal f
or d
evel
opm
ent
basi
s
Cons
truc
t app
ropr
iate
GCM
mod
els
with
smal
l grid
s to
obta
in re
gion
al
varia
tions
in w
eath
er a
nd b
uild
ing
capa
city
to o
pera
te a
nd u
pdat
e th
em
0
No
such
mod
els a
nd m
aps
wer
e de
velo
ped
until
clim
ate
chan
ge w
ere
evid
ent a
nd
detr
imen
tal f
or d
evel
opm
ent
100
This
is a
mus
t to
build
the
mod
els a
nd c
reat
e in
tern
al
capa
city
to ru
n th
em o
n a
regu
lar b
asis
100
Colle
ct a
dditi
onal
fiel
d da
ta fo
r ef
fect
ive
use
of th
e ca
libra
ted
mod
els t
o pr
edic
t fut
ure
clim
ate
chan
ge
0
This
was
not
con
side
red
until
cl
imat
e ch
ange
impa
cts w
ere
evid
ent a
nd d
etrim
enta
l for
de
velo
pmen
t
100
Incl
usio
n of
loca
lized
in
form
atio
n w
ill e
nhan
ce
the
dyna
mis
m a
nd
loca
lizat
ion
of th
e m
odel
s
100
Link
up
regi
onal
clim
ate
chan
ge
mod
els t
o ge
nera
te b
ette
r bo
unda
ry c
ondi
tions
0
This
was
not
con
side
red
until
cl
imat
e ch
ange
impa
cts w
ere
evid
ent a
nd d
etrim
enta
l for
de
velo
pmen
t
100
This
is im
port
ant f
or c
ross
bo
unda
ry w
ater
flow
m
anag
emen
t and
ne
gotia
tion
100
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
90
04
04
Prep
arat
ory
stud
ies
for A
dapt
atio
n ag
ains
t sea
leve
l ris
e an
d its
impa
cts
Setti
ng u
p da
ta c
olle
ctio
n ne
twor
k st
atio
ns to
mon
itor s
ea le
vel r
ises
an
d sa
linity
alo
ng w
ith o
ther
ap
prop
riate
hyd
ro-m
eteo
rolo
gica
l da
ta
20
Som
e da
ta w
as c
olle
cted
on
a re
gula
r bas
is b
ut n
ot in
a
regu
lar b
asis
100
This
is im
port
ant f
or m
odel
de
velo
pmen
t and
bui
ldin
g sc
enar
ios
80
Mod
ellin
g th
e in
unda
tion
and
salin
ity im
pact
s of S
LR b
y sp
ecifi
c tim
e lin
es
0 Im
pact
s of S
LR w
ere
not
know
n un
til th
e m
odel
ou
tcom
es w
ere
deliv
ered
10
0
The
mod
el is
ver
y im
port
ant
to g
et d
ecis
ion
supp
orts
for
the
phys
ical
and
fina
ncia
l pl
anne
rs a
nd in
vest
men
t de
cisi
ons
100
Mod
ellin
g an
d pr
edic
ting
the
soci
o-ec
onom
ic a
nd h
ealth
impa
cts o
f SL
R
0 So
me
impa
cts a
re a
ddre
ssed
th
roug
h re
gula
r dev
elop
men
t ef
fort
s 80
Impa
cts m
ay b
e in
tens
ified
in
the
com
ing
year
s if
adeq
uate
info
rmat
ion
is n
ot
avai
labl
e on
impa
cts a
nd
appr
opria
te m
easu
res a
re
take
n
80
Plan
ning
indu
stria
l rel
ocat
ion,
ta
king
acc
ount
of p
rivat
e an
d 20
Ea
rlier
, onl
y di
sast
ers a
re
cons
ider
ed w
hile
taki
ng
80
Impa
cts o
f SLR
mus
t be
cons
ider
ed w
hile
taki
ng
60
32 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
soci
al c
osts
in
vest
men
t dec
isio
ns
inve
stm
ent d
ecis
ions
in th
e co
asta
l are
as
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
84
04
05
Mon
itorin
g of
Eco
sys
tem
and
Bio
- div
ersi
ty c
hang
es a
nd th
eir i
mpa
cts
Set u
p a
wel
l-des
igne
d m
onito
ring
syst
em to
eva
luat
e ch
ange
s in
ecos
yste
m a
nd b
iodi
vers
ity,
cove
ring
all i
mpo
rtan
t and
se
nsiti
ve e
cosy
stem
s
60
Biod
iver
sity
and
eco
syst
em
mon
itorin
g is
an
ongo
ing
effo
rt
by b
oth
gove
rnm
ent a
nd N
GOs
80
Mea
surin
g fu
ture
impa
cts o
n bi
odiv
ersi
ty is
ver
y im
port
ant t
o as
sess
the
role
of
eco
syst
em-b
ased
ad
apta
tion
20
Deve
lop
part
icip
ator
y m
onito
ring
syst
ems b
y in
volv
ing
loca
l tra
ined
pe
ople
such
as s
choo
l tea
cher
s, co
mm
uniti
es a
nd a
cade
mic
re
sear
cher
s
40
Som
e fo
rm o
f par
ticip
ator
y m
onito
ring
is in
pla
ce b
ut o
n a
proj
ect b
asis
by
the
NGO
s 80
This
will
invo
lve
the
dire
ct
bene
ficia
ries o
f the
bi
odiv
ersi
ty a
nd e
cosy
stem
ch
ange
with
firs
than
d in
form
atio
n
40
Repo
rt c
hang
es in
eco
syst
ems a
nd
biod
iver
sity
and
ass
es th
e im
plic
atio
ns, i
nclu
ding
thos
e fo
r th
e liv
elih
oods
of l
ocal
peo
ple,
and
re
com
men
d ad
apta
tion
mea
sure
s
20
Som
e re
port
ing
is b
eing
don
e bu
t not
link
ed w
ith li
velih
oods
an
d ec
osys
tem
-bas
ed
adap
tatio
n
80
Ecos
yste
m b
ased
ad
apta
tion
is g
oing
to b
e th
e m
ost s
igni
fican
t sou
rce
of
adap
tatio
n fo
r mar
gina
lized
pe
ople
60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
40
04
06
Mac
roec
onom
ic a
nd s
ecto
ral e
cono
mic
impa
cts
of c
limat
e ch
ange
Eval
uate
the
impa
ct o
f clim
ate
chan
ge o
n th
e m
acro
econ
omy
of
Bang
lade
sh in
clud
ing
impa
cts o
n gr
owth
, em
ploy
men
t, tr
ade
patte
rns,
infla
tion,
bal
ance
of t
rade
(a
Ban
glad
esh
Ster
n Re
port
)
0
Curr
ent m
acro
econ
omic
fra
mew
ork
of F
D is
not
in
clus
ive
of c
limat
e ch
ange
im
pact
s
100
Clim
ate
chan
ge sh
ould
be
embe
dded
into
the
exis
ting
mac
roec
onom
ic fr
amew
ork
in b
oth
med
ium
and
long
te
rm
100
Sect
oral
eco
nom
ic im
pact
s of
clim
ate
chan
ge fo
r maj
or se
ctor
s su
ch a
s agr
icul
ture
, ind
ustr
y,
serv
ices
, hea
lth, t
rans
port
and
fin
anci
al se
rvic
es su
ch a
s in
sura
nce
40
Impa
ct o
f disa
ster
s on
sect
ors
of th
e ec
onom
y ar
e so
mew
hat
asse
ssed
and
em
bedd
ed
100
Clim
ate
chan
ge sh
ould
be
embe
dded
into
the
sect
oral
an
d fin
anci
al se
rvic
es in
bo
th m
ediu
m a
nd lo
ng te
rm
60
Asse
ss th
e im
pact
s of c
limat
e 40
Di
sast
er im
pact
s on
pove
rty
100
Mac
ro-e
cono
mic
impa
ct o
n 60
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 33
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
chan
ge o
n po
vert
y an
d on
peo
ple
livin
g in
vul
nera
ble
area
s suc
h as
, co
asta
l pla
in a
nd is
land
s, lo
w-ly
ing
flood
plai
ns, u
plan
d ar
eas a
nd -
pron
e ar
eas
and
vuln
erab
le p
opul
atio
n ar
e so
mew
hat a
sses
sed
in m
acro
-ec
onom
ic te
rms
pove
rty
and
mar
gina
lized
po
pula
tion
shou
ld b
e as
sess
ed
Asse
ssm
ent o
f clim
ate
chan
ge a
nd
its im
pact
s on
out-m
igra
tion
0
Not
don
e ye
t 80
N
eed
to b
e as
sess
ed a
nd
inte
grat
e in
to th
e m
acro
-ec
onom
ic fr
amew
ork
80
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
83
04
07
Mon
itorin
g of
Inte
rnal
and
Ext
erna
l Mig
ratio
n an
d pr
ovid
ing
supp
ort o
f cap
acity
bui
ldin
g fo
r reh
abili
tatio
n
Deve
lopm
ent o
f a m
onito
ring
mec
hani
sm o
f int
erna
l and
ex
tern
al m
igra
tion
40
M
onito
ring
is b
eing
don
e in
BA
U sc
enar
ios i
n te
rms o
f ex
tern
al m
igra
tion
80
Inte
rnal
dis
plac
emen
t is
goin
g to
be
one
of th
e m
ost
diffi
cult
chal
leng
es a
s an
outc
ome
of c
limat
e ch
ange
40
Deve
lopm
ent o
f pro
toco
l and
pr
ovid
e ad
equa
te su
ppor
t for
thei
r re
settl
emen
t and
reha
bilit
atio
n 20
Supp
ort i
s bei
ng p
rovi
ded
to
the
inte
rnal
mig
ratio
n du
e to
ec
onom
ic fa
ctor
s e.g
. sea
sona
l em
ploy
men
t. Th
is n
eed
to b
e m
ade
base
d on
clim
ate
impa
cts
80
This
mus
t be
done
on
a pr
oact
ive
long
-term
bas
is
beyo
nd d
isas
ter a
nd
econ
omic
reas
ons.
An
inte
rnal
mig
ratio
n st
rate
gy
to b
e pr
epar
ed.
60
Build
ing
of c
apac
ity th
roug
h ed
ucat
ion
and
train
ing
to fa
cilit
ate
thei
r re-
settl
emen
t in
new
en
viro
nmen
t
20
No
such
pro
gram
mes
are
un
dert
aken
targ
etin
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
rela
ted
mig
ratio
n 60
A re
-set
tlem
ent p
olic
y in
clud
ing
capa
city
bui
ldin
g co
mpo
nent
shou
ld b
e dr
afte
d.
40
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
48
04
08
Mon
itorin
g of
impa
ct fo
r man
agem
ent o
f Tou
rism
and
impr
ovem
ent o
f prio
rity
actio
n pl
an
Asse
ssm
ent o
f pro
babl
e im
pact
of
clim
ate
chan
ge o
n al
l typ
es o
f to
uris
m in
Ban
glad
esh
40
Impa
ct o
f disa
ster
on
tour
ism
is
som
ewha
t ass
esse
d bu
t th
roug
h st
udy
of c
limat
e im
pact
is n
ot d
one
60
Man
y of
the
popu
lar t
ouris
t de
stin
atio
ns m
ay b
e af
fect
ed d
ue to
clim
ate
chan
ge im
pact
s
20
Prep
arat
ion
of c
limat
e ch
ange
re
spon
se p
rogr
amm
e fo
r tou
rism
im
prov
emen
t and
impl
emen
tatio
n of
prio
rity
reco
mm
enda
tions
.
0 Li
mite
d or
no
resp
onse
pr
ogra
mm
e w
as u
nder
take
n 60
Plan
ned
resp
onse
pr
ogra
mm
e sh
ould
be
impl
emen
ted
to b
oth
prot
ect a
nd in
trod
uce
new
60
34 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
area
s for
tour
ism
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Wei
ght (
MAX
inte
rven
tion
wei
ght –
Sam
ple
Stan
dard
Dev
iatio
n)
32
05
Miti
gatio
n an
d lo
w-c
arbo
n de
velo
pmen
t 05
01
Proj
ect/
Prog
ram
me
from
Tar
gete
d Cl
imat
e Ch
ange
Fun
ds
Proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
from
lo
cal c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
e.g
. CC
TF
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
from
m
ultil
ater
al a
nd b
ilate
ral c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
s e.g
. BCC
RF, P
PCR
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Glob
al c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
s e.g
. GC
F, A
dapt
atio
n Fu
nd
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
10
0 05
02
Impr
oved
Ene
rgy
effic
ienc
y
Stud
y th
e fu
ture
ene
rgy
need
s of
the
coun
try
and
find
out t
he le
ast
cost
ene
rgy
supp
ly p
ath
that
sa
tisfie
s fut
ure
ener
gy d
eman
d ba
sed
on th
e de
sired
gro
wth
pat
h of
the
econ
omy
40
Nat
iona
l ene
rgy
stra
tegy
id
entif
ies d
iver
sifie
d so
urce
s of
ener
gy in
clud
ing
rene
wab
les
100
A cl
ean
deve
lopm
ent
stra
tegy
incl
udin
g fu
ture
en
ergy
nee
ds sh
ould
be
deve
lope
d
60
Rais
e en
ergy
effi
cien
cy in
pow
er
prod
uctio
n, tr
ansm
issi
on a
nd
dist
ribut
ion
thro
ugh
appr
opria
te
inve
stm
ents
40
Impr
oved
tech
nolo
gies
are
be
ing
intr
oduc
ed in
diff
eren
t se
ctor
s of p
ower
gen
erat
ion
100
Clim
ate
sens
itive
te
chno
logi
es e
mitt
ing
less
ca
rbon
with
relia
nce
on
rene
wab
les w
ill b
e cr
itica
l.
60
Rais
e en
ergy
effi
cien
cy in
ag
ricul
tura
l and
indu
stria
l pr
oces
ses t
hrou
gh a
ppro
pria
te
polic
ies a
nd in
vest
men
ts
20
Som
e in
itiat
ives
as p
art o
f re
gula
r dev
elop
men
t age
nda
is in
pla
ce in
term
s of e
nerg
y se
curit
y
100
Use
of l
ow c
arbo
n em
ittin
g en
ergy
sour
ces a
nd
prod
uctio
n pr
oces
s sho
uld
be p
rom
oted
80
Rais
e en
ergy
effi
cien
cy in
dom
estic
an
d co
mm
erci
al/s
ervi
ce se
ctor
s th
roug
h ap
prop
riate
pol
icie
s and
in
vest
men
ts
20
Som
e in
itiat
ives
as p
art o
f re
gula
r dev
elop
men
t age
nda
is in
pla
ce in
term
s of e
nerg
y se
curit
y
100
Use
of l
ow c
arbo
n em
ittin
g en
ergy
sour
ces a
nd
prod
uctio
n pr
oces
s sho
uld
be p
rom
oted
80
Rais
e en
ergy
effi
cien
cy in
tran
spor
t 20
So
me
initi
ativ
es a
s par
t of
100
Use
of l
ow c
arbo
n em
ittin
g 80
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 35
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
sect
or th
roug
h ap
prop
riate
po
licie
s and
inve
stm
ents
re
gula
r dev
elop
men
t age
nda
is in
pla
ce in
term
s of e
nerg
y se
curit
y
ener
gy so
urce
s and
pr
oduc
tion
proc
ess s
houl
d be
pro
mot
ed
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
69
05
03
Gas
Exp
lora
tion
and
rese
rvoi
r man
agem
ent
40
Inve
st in
gas
exp
lora
tion
60
In
vest
men
t is m
ade
for g
as
expl
orat
ion
100
Mor
e in
vest
men
t in
iden
tifyi
ng g
as in
the
near
/offs
hore
are
as m
ay
open
new
sour
ces
40
40
Inve
st in
rese
rvoi
r man
agem
ent
60
Inve
stm
ent i
s mad
e fo
r re
serv
oir m
anag
emen
t 10
0
Intr
oduc
tion
of m
ass L
NG
impo
rt is
a n
atio
nal e
nerg
y se
curit
y pr
iorit
y co
nsid
erin
g lo
w e
mis
sion
ene
rgy
sour
ce
40
20
U
se o
f gas
as a
n ef
ficie
nt e
nerg
y ov
er fo
ssil
fuel
80
Av
aila
ble
gas s
tock
is n
ot
enou
gh to
incl
ude
new
use
s 10
0 Id
entif
y ne
w st
ocks
and
en
cour
age
new
use
rs fo
r gas
ba
sed
pow
er g
ener
atio
n 20
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
28
05
04
Dev
elop
men
t of c
oal m
ines
and
coa
l fire
d po
wer
sta
tion
Revi
ew c
oal m
inin
g m
etho
ds a
nd
unde
rtak
e a
feas
ibili
ty st
udy
to
asse
ss th
e te
chni
cal,
econ
omic
, so
cial
and
env
ironm
enta
l fe
asib
ility
of c
oal m
inin
g fo
r pow
er
gene
ratio
n (in
clud
ing
fact
ors s
uch
as h
ow to
cap
ture
coa
l bed
m
etha
ne)
60
Impr
oved
tech
nolo
gies
for
coal
bas
ed e
nerg
y ge
nera
tion
is a
dev
elop
men
t prio
rity
for
the
gove
rnm
ent
60
Mor
e gr
eene
r tec
hnol
ogie
s ar
e en
cour
aged
alth
ough
th
e co
st m
ay b
e hi
gher
but
go
od fo
r miti
gatio
n
0
If th
e fe
asib
ility
stud
y is
pos
itive
, in
vest
in c
oal m
inin
g an
d co
al-fi
red
pow
er g
ener
atio
n pl
ants
usi
ng
clea
n co
al te
chno
logy
40
The
gove
rnm
ent i
s inv
estin
g in
co
al b
ased
pow
er g
ener
atio
n 80
Mor
e gr
eene
r tec
hnol
ogie
s ar
e en
cour
aged
alth
ough
th
e co
st m
ay b
e hi
gher
but
go
od fo
r miti
gatio
n
40
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
12
05
05
Rene
wab
le e
nerg
y de
velo
pmen
t
Inve
stm
ents
to sc
ale
up so
lar
pow
er p
rogr
amm
es
20
Opt
ion
for s
olar
pow
er is
co
nsid
ered
onl
y fo
r off
grid
10
0 W
hen
prod
uced
in a
mas
s sc
ale
can
subs
titut
e la
rge
80
36 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
area
s po
rtio
n of
the
tota
l ene
rgy
dem
and
Rese
arch
and
inve
stm
ent t
o ha
rnes
s win
d en
ergy
, par
ticul
arly
in
coa
stal
are
as.
0
So fa
r use
d on
a
dem
onst
ratio
n ca
se in
the
near
offs
hore
isla
nds.
Hav
e po
tent
ials
for s
calin
g up
100
Whe
n pr
oduc
ed in
a m
ass
scal
e ca
n su
bstit
ute
larg
e po
rtio
n of
the
tota
l ene
rgy
dem
and
100
Feas
ibili
ty st
udie
s for
tida
l and
w
ave
ener
gy
0 N
ot fe
asib
ility
stud
y un
dert
aken
and
dem
onst
rate
d ye
t. Po
tent
ials
are
unk
now
n 10
0 If
feas
ible
, can
subs
titut
e la
rge
port
ion
of th
e to
tal
ener
gy d
eman
d 10
0
Stud
y of
the
tech
no-e
cono
mic
, so
cial
and
inst
itutio
nal c
onst
rain
ts
to a
dopt
ion
of im
prov
ed b
iom
ass
stov
es a
nd o
ther
tech
nolo
gies
40
Deve
lopm
ent p
riorit
y in
the
ener
gy se
ctor
. Sca
led
up in
ru
ral a
reas
10
0
Coun
try-
wid
e sc
alin
g-up
sh
ould
be
a pr
iorit
y to
war
ds
low
car
bon
deve
lopm
ent
and
heal
thy
in-h
ouse
en
viro
nmen
t
60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
81
05
06
Low
er e
mis
sion
from
agr
icul
tura
l lan
d
Supp
ort t
o re
sear
ch a
nd o
n-fa
rm
tria
ls o
f new
wat
er m
anag
emen
t te
chno
logy
on
crop
(inc
ludi
ng ri
ce)
land
40
Und
erta
ken
rese
arch
on
wat
er
usag
e in
agr
icul
ture
, cu
ltiva
tion
of lo
w ir
rigat
ion
requ
irem
ent c
rops
100
Cont
inue
furt
her r
esea
rch
and
sele
ctio
n of
cro
ps a
nd
varie
ties a
re n
eces
sary
60
Supp
ort t
o ag
ricul
tura
l ext
ensi
on
serv
ice
to p
opul
ariz
e ne
w w
ater
m
anag
emen
t tec
hniq
ues f
or ri
ce
prod
uctio
n
60
Exte
nsio
n se
rvic
es fo
r wat
er
usag
e in
agr
icul
ture
, cu
ltiva
tion
of lo
w ir
rigat
ion
requ
irem
ent c
rops
is o
ngoi
ng
100
Mor
e ex
tend
ed su
ppor
t to
the
exte
nsio
n of
wat
er u
sage
in
agr
icul
ture
, cul
tivat
ion
of
low
irrig
atio
n re
quire
men
t cr
ops i
s nee
ded
40
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
46
05
07
Man
agem
ent o
f urb
an w
aste
Desi
gn o
f urb
an w
aste
dum
ps so
th
at m
etha
ne c
an b
e ca
ptur
ed in
al
l maj
or u
rban
are
as
20
Was
te d
ispos
al u
ses
trad
ition
al a
nd u
nsus
tain
able
w
ays
60
Impr
oved
way
s for
was
te
disp
osal
incl
udin
g en
ergy
ge
nera
tion
from
kitc
hen
was
te
40
Usi
ng C
DM m
echa
nism
to se
t up
smal
l pow
er p
lant
s by
capt
urin
g th
e pr
oduc
ed m
etha
ne fr
om w
aste
0
Smal
l dem
onst
ratio
ns a
re
done
but
scal
ing
up p
oten
tials
ar
e no
t ass
esse
d ye
t 60
Sc
alin
g up
of t
he e
nerg
y ge
nera
tion
base
d ur
ban
was
te d
ispo
sal w
ill
60
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 37
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
dum
ps
cont
ribut
e in
clim
ate
miti
gatio
n an
d lo
w c
arbo
n pa
thw
ay
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
46
05
08
Fore
stat
ion
and
refo
rest
atio
n pr
ogra
m
Prov
ide
supp
ort t
o ex
istin
g an
d ne
w c
oast
al a
ffore
stat
ion
prog
ram
mes
taki
ng in
to a
ccou
nt
the
futu
re ri
se in
salin
ity le
vels
due
to
sea
leve
l ris
e
40
Affo
rest
atio
n pr
ogra
mm
e in
th
e co
asta
l are
as u
nder
take
n si
nce
seve
ntie
s to
redu
ce
cycl
one
and
surg
e da
mag
e
100
Mor
e ex
pose
d ar
eas l
eft o
r du
e to
dep
letio
n of
the
exis
ting
plan
tatio
n ar
eas,
m
ore
plan
tatio
n is
ne
cess
ary
60
Deve
lop
an e
xten
sive
wet
land
af
fore
stat
ion
prog
ram
me
to
prot
ect s
ettle
men
ts a
gain
st w
ave
eros
ion
20
This
is b
eing
don
e fo
r dec
ades
bu
t nee
d m
ore
atte
ntio
n an
d pr
ogra
mm
e ba
sed
appr
oach
10
0
This
shou
ld e
xten
d ac
ross
th
e no
rth-
east
ern
wet
land
ar
eas.
Thi
s pla
ntat
ion
has
seve
ral o
ther
co-
bene
fits e
.g.
fishe
ries
80
Stud
y th
e sc
ope
for c
arbo
n cr
edits
un
der R
EDD
and
inve
st, i
f ap
prop
riate
, in
refo
rest
atio
n of
de
grad
ed re
serv
e fo
rest
s
20
Fore
st c
onse
rvat
ion
was
don
e un
der t
he fr
amew
ork
of
envi
ronm
ent p
rote
ctio
n 10
0 Re
fore
stat
ion
of d
egra
ded
area
s will
cre
ate
a la
rge
stoc
k fo
r RED
D
80
Prov
ide
supp
ort t
o ex
istin
g an
d ne
w h
omes
tead
and
soci
al fo
rest
ry
prog
ram
mes
and
enh
ance
car
bon
sequ
estr
atio
n
40
Soci
al fo
rest
ry p
rogr
amm
e w
as in
itial
ly in
trod
uced
as a
n in
com
e ge
nera
tion
activ
ity
100
This
has
furt
her p
oten
tial t
o ex
pand
and
inte
nsify
. Be
nefit
s are
bot
h en
viro
nmen
t and
clim
ate
miti
gatio
n
60
Rese
arch
the
suita
bilit
y of
var
ious
tr
ee sp
ecie
s for
thei
r car
bon-
lock
ing
prop
ertie
s for
des
igni
ng
vario
us fo
rest
ry p
rogr
amm
es
keep
ing
in m
ind
othe
r en
viro
nmen
tal a
nd so
cio-
econ
omic
func
tions
of f
ores
try
20
Ong
oing
rese
arch
by
the
fore
st
rese
arch
inst
itute
for s
uita
ble
tree
spec
ies f
or sp
ecifi
c ec
osys
tem
s
100
Intr
oduc
tion
of m
ore
carb
on
lock
ing
spec
ies i
n bo
th
soci
al a
nd p
rote
cted
are
as
fore
sts w
ill h
elp
clim
ate
miti
gatio
n
80
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
69
05
09
Rapi
d ex
pans
ion
of e
nerg
y sa
ving
Dev
ices
e.g
. CFL
A
rapi
d as
sess
men
t of p
oten
tial o
f 40
Th
e as
sess
men
t was
don
e as
10
0 In
trod
uctio
n of
new
ene
rgy
60
38 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
mod
ern
ener
gy sa
ving
app
lianc
e an
d te
chno
logi
es in
Ban
glad
esh
part
of t
he e
nerg
y se
curit
y po
licy
of th
e go
vern
men
t sa
ving
hom
este
ad a
nd
indu
stria
l app
lianc
es
Deve
lopm
ent o
f a p
roje
ct p
ropo
sal
for o
btai
ning
CDM
ben
efits
0
The
coun
try
is n
ot y
et re
ady
to
part
icip
ate
in th
e CD
M p
roce
ss
80
This
is a
mar
ket-b
ased
ap
proa
ch a
nd h
as p
oten
tial
to C
DM a
nd re
ceiv
e m
itiga
tion
bene
fits
80
Faci
litat
e ex
pans
ion
of e
nerg
y sa
ving
tech
nolo
gies
and
dev
ices
40
Ener
gy sa
ving
tech
nolo
gies
are
be
ing
prom
oted
as p
art o
f the
en
ergy
secu
rity
polic
y of
the
gove
rnm
ent
100
Ener
gy sa
ving
tech
nolo
gies
an
d de
vice
s has
furt
her
pote
ntia
ls fo
r exp
ansi
on a
t ho
useh
olds
and
indu
strie
s
60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
68
05
10
Ener
gy a
nd w
ater
effi
cien
cy in
bui
lt e
nviro
nmen
t
Nec
essa
ry a
dapt
atio
n of
exi
stin
g bu
ildin
gs a
nd a
dditi
onal
spac
e in
un
der c
onst
ruct
ion
build
ings
for
colle
ctio
n an
d st
orag
e of
rain
wat
er
0 N
ot a
bin
ding
pro
visi
on u
nder
th
e bu
ildin
g co
nstr
uctio
n ac
t.
60
This
has
imm
ense
pot
entia
l fo
r sav
ing
ener
gy fr
om u
rban
w
ater
supp
ly.
60
Inst
alla
tion
of so
lar t
herm
al p
ower
or
smal
l win
dmill
at t
he ro
ofto
p or
ne
arby
all
build
ings
and
in
frast
ruct
ures
20
All n
ew b
uild
ings
mus
t hav
e so
lar p
anel
s ins
talle
d to
get
bu
ildin
g pe
rmis
sion
. Mos
t of
thos
e ar
e no
n-fu
nctio
nal a
fter
cons
truc
tion
80
This
will
redu
ce d
epen
denc
y on
the
on-g
rid so
urce
s of
ener
gy. A
t the
sam
e tim
e th
ese
sour
ces a
re c
arbo
n ne
utra
l
60
Revi
sion
of b
uild
ing
code
for
incl
usio
n of
ene
rgy
savi
ng d
evic
es
in a
ll in
frast
ruct
ures
and
pro
visi
on
of c
onst
ruct
ion
wor
ks in
ene
rgy
effic
ient
met
hods
40
All n
ew b
uild
ings
mus
t hav
e so
lar p
anel
s ins
talle
d to
get
bu
ildin
g pe
rmis
sion
. Mos
t of
thos
e ar
e no
n-fu
nctio
nal a
fter
cons
truc
tion
80
Gree
n bu
ildin
gs w
ill re
duce
en
ergy
con
sum
ptio
n an
d de
pend
ency
on
the
on-g
rid
sour
ces o
f ene
rgy.
At t
he
sam
e tim
e th
ese
sour
ces a
re
carb
on n
eutra
l
40
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
48
05
11
Impr
ovin
g in
ene
rgy
cons
umpt
ion
patt
ern
in tr
ansp
ort s
ecto
r and
opt
ions
for m
itiga
tion
Prom
otio
n of
low
cos
t pub
lic
tran
spor
t mod
es su
ch a
s rap
id
tran
sit
60
The
gove
rnm
ent i
s inv
estin
g he
avily
on
MRT
run
by
elec
tric
ity a
nd c
ity b
us se
rvic
e
100
Expa
nsio
n of
the
serv
ices
in
othe
r big
citi
es o
f the
co
untr
y 40
Redu
cing
the
use
of fo
ssil
fuel
by
impr
ovin
g th
e ef
ficie
ncy
of e
nerg
y 40
Fr
om 2
stro
kes t
o 4
stro
ke
engi
nes a
nd u
se o
f CN
G, L
NG.
80
In
trod
uctio
n of
ele
ctric
and
hy
brid
car
s and
bus
es. A
lso
40
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 39
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
use
use
of m
oder
n in
dust
rial
appl
ianc
es
Subs
titut
ion
of b
iofu
els a
nd fo
ssil
fuel
s as a
ppro
pria
te
0 Bi
ofue
l has
not
yet
intr
oduc
ed
in th
e co
untr
y 20
Po
tent
ial f
or th
e us
e of
bi
ofue
l in
the
coun
try
is n
ot
know
n ye
t. 20
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
28
06
Ca
paci
ty b
uild
ing
and
inst
itutio
nal s
tren
gthe
ning
06
01
Proj
ect/
Prog
ram
me
from
Tar
gete
d Cl
imat
e Ch
ange
Fun
ds
Proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
from
lo
cal c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
e.g
. CC
TF
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Proj
ects
and
pro
gram
mes
from
m
ultil
ater
al a
nd b
ilate
ral c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
s e.g
. BCC
RF, P
PCR
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Glob
al c
limat
e ch
ange
fund
s e.g
. GC
F, A
dapt
atio
n Fu
nd
0 Th
ese
fund
s are
not
use
d fo
r de
velo
pmen
t with
out c
limat
e se
nsiti
vity
10
0 Pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es
are
scru
tiniz
ed u
sing
clim
ate
crite
ria
100
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
10
0 06
02
Revi
sion
of s
ecto
r pol
icie
s fo
r clim
ate
resi
lienc
e
Draf
t a c
onsu
ltatio
n pa
per o
n th
e N
atio
nal C
limat
e Ch
ange
pol
icy,
th
e in
tegr
atio
n of
clim
ate
chan
ge
issu
es in
to d
evel
opm
ent p
lann
ing
and
sect
oral
pol
icie
s and
how
they
sh
ould
be
form
ulat
ed fo
r di
scus
sion
with
key
stak
ehol
ders
40
All p
olic
ies a
nd p
lans
that
are
ei
ther
new
of u
pdat
ing
are
now
incl
usiv
e of
clim
ate
chan
ge im
pact
s.
100
All o
ther
pol
icie
s and
st
rate
gies
shou
ld a
lso
be
revi
ewed
ove
r the
tim
e.
60
Inco
rpor
ate
clim
ate
chan
ge
conc
erns
in a
ll se
ctor
al p
olic
ies
and
stra
tegi
es th
roug
h ap
prop
riate
re
visi
ons i
n co
nsul
tatio
n w
ith
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
40
Som
e ad
apta
tion
and
miti
gatio
n op
tions
are
sp
onta
neou
sly
incl
uded
in th
e po
lies f
orm
ed w
ithou
t co
nsid
erin
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
100
All o
ther
sect
oral
pol
icie
s,
plan
s and
stra
tegi
es sh
ould
al
so b
e re
view
ed o
ver t
he
time.
60
Publ
ish
the
Nat
iona
l Clim
ate
Chan
ge P
olic
y
0 N
ot d
rafte
d ye
t 10
0 A
new
pol
icy
to e
mbe
d cl
imat
e ch
ange
into
the
fram
ewor
k po
licie
s and
10
0
40 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
plan
s sho
uld
be d
rafte
d an
d tr
ansl
ated
into
act
ions
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Wei
ght (
MAX
inte
rven
tion
wei
ght –
Sam
ple
Stan
dard
Dev
iatio
n)
77
0603
M
ains
trea
min
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
in N
atio
nal,
Sect
or a
nd S
patia
l Dev
elop
men
t pro
gram
Esta
blis
h an
d bu
ild th
e ca
paci
ty o
f cl
imat
e ch
ange
cel
ls in
min
istr
ies
and
agen
cies
to in
corp
orat
e cl
imat
e ch
ange
con
side
ratio
ns in
al
l pla
nnin
g pr
oces
ses
20
Clim
ate
cells
est
ablis
hed
in
rele
vant
min
istr
ies a
nd
depa
rtm
ent a
re o
ften
proj
ect
driv
en a
nd u
nsus
tain
able
un
less
inte
rnal
ized
100
A ce
ntra
l coo
rdin
atio
n ou
tfit
of p
lann
ing
and
finan
ce
shou
ld b
e es
tabl
ishe
d as
ne
twor
king
ent
ity fo
r all
clim
ate
rela
ted
effo
rts.
80
Agre
e de
sign
and
pla
nnin
g pa
ram
eter
s for
pro
ject
des
ign
for
sele
cted
yea
rs.
40
The
prof
orm
a is
dev
elop
ed
and
upda
ted
in c
onfo
rmity
w
ith th
e na
tiona
l pla
nnin
g pr
oces
s con
tain
ing
clim
ate
rela
ted
info
rmat
ion
80
The
prof
orm
a sh
ould
be
dyna
mic
to a
ddre
ss th
e re
quire
men
ts o
f spe
cial
pl
ans f
or c
erta
in y
ears
40
Mod
ify th
e Pr
ojec
t Pro
form
a in
an
appr
opria
te w
ay
40
The
proj
ect p
rofo
rma
was
up
date
d in
201
6 co
ntai
ning
cl
imat
e ris
k an
d vu
lner
abili
ty
info
rmat
ion.
Lac
king
clim
ate
finan
ce is
sues
.
100
The
exis
ting
proj
ect
prof
orm
a sh
ould
incl
ude
clim
ate
finan
ce is
sues
and
lin
king
with
the
BCCS
AP a
nd
othe
r clim
ate
rela
te p
lans
an
d st
rate
gies
60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
77
06
04
Stre
ngth
enin
g hu
man
reso
urce
cap
acity
Enha
nce
the
capa
city
of
Gove
rnm
ent s
taff
for p
olic
y,
prog
ram
me
and
proj
ect
form
ulat
ion,
and
impl
emen
tatio
n,
thro
ugh
trai
ning
and
in o
ther
way
s
20
The
gove
rnm
ent o
ffici
als a
re
trai
ned
on p
rogr
amm
e an
d pr
ojec
t pre
para
tion,
im
plem
enta
tion
80
The
offic
ers w
ill b
e tr
aine
d on
clim
ate
chan
ge sc
ienc
e an
d Ba
ngla
desh
con
text
and
ho
w to
incl
ude
this
into
pr
ojec
t and
pro
gram
me
deve
lopm
ent
60
Enha
nce
capa
city
of k
ey st
aff o
f Go
vern
men
t, pr
ivat
e se
ctor
or
gani
zatio
ns a
nd N
GOs o
n ac
cess
ing
inte
rnat
iona
l and
na
tiona
l Car
bon
and
Clim
ate
Chan
ge F
unds
40
Key
staf
f of t
he g
over
nmen
t ar
e tr
aine
d at
acc
essi
ng g
loba
l fu
nds.
80
Key
staf
fs sh
ould
be
trai
ned
on sp
ecifi
c cl
imat
e fu
nds
e.g.
GCF
. How
ever
, mor
e im
port
ance
is g
iven
on
the
effe
ctiv
e us
e of
the
loca
l fu
nds
40
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 41
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
Enha
nce
the
hum
an re
sour
ce
capa
city
with
in a
nd o
utsi
de
Gove
rnm
ent f
or C
limat
e Ch
ange
ne
gotia
tions
40
Key
staf
f of t
he g
over
nmen
t ar
e tr
aine
d at
neg
otia
ting
at
the
glob
al fo
rum
s 10
0
Key
seni
or st
aff s
houl
d be
eq
uipp
ed w
ith th
e cl
imat
e ch
ange
kno
wle
dge
and
disc
ours
es fo
r bet
ter
nego
tiatio
ns
60
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
48
06
05
Stre
ngth
enin
g G
ende
r con
side
ratio
n in
clim
ate
chan
ge m
anag
emen
t
Deve
lopm
ent o
f crit
eria
and
ap
proa
ch fo
r inc
lusi
on o
f gen
der
cons
ider
atio
n in
all
clim
ate
resp
onse
act
iviti
es
40
Gend
er in
clus
ion
crite
ria a
nd
appr
oach
es a
re d
evel
oped
in
proj
ects
rela
ted
to p
over
ty,
reso
urce
man
agem
ent,
etc.
80
Spec
ific
crite
ria a
nd
appr
oach
for i
nclu
sion
of
gend
er c
onsi
dera
tion
in a
ll cl
imat
e re
spon
se a
ctiv
ities
ne
ed to
be
upda
ted
or
deve
lope
d
40
Build
the
capa
city
of g
ende
r foc
al
poin
t in
all m
inis
trie
s and
age
ncie
s to
inco
rpor
ate
gend
er is
sues
in a
ll cl
imat
e re
spon
se a
ctiv
ities
40
All t
he m
inis
trie
s hav
e id
entif
ied
gend
er fo
cal p
oint
bu
t onl
y so
me
min
istr
ies h
ave
clim
ate
chan
ge fo
cal p
oint
s.
60
All m
inis
trie
s and
de
part
men
ts a
re y
et to
de
dica
te c
limat
e fo
cal
poin
ts in
thei
r org
aniz
atio
ns.
Org
aniz
e tr
aini
ng a
nd
awar
enes
s act
iviti
es is
ne
cess
ary.
20
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
26
06
06
Stre
ngth
enin
g in
stitu
tiona
l cap
acity
for C
limat
e Ri
sk M
anag
emen
t
Setti
ng u
p of
mec
hani
sms f
or in
ter-
min
iste
rial a
nd in
ter-
inst
itutio
nal
coor
dina
tion
at v
ario
us le
vels
of
the
gove
rnm
ent,
and
for m
anag
ing
new
ada
ptat
ion
and
plan
ned
miti
gatio
n fu
nds
40
Inte
r-m
inis
teria
l and
inte
r-in
stitu
tiona
l coo
rdin
atio
n m
echa
nism
s are
est
ablis
hed
and
in p
ract
ice
100
Spec
ific
inte
r-m
inis
teria
l co
ordi
natio
n w
ith g
loba
l re
port
ing
shou
ld b
e de
velo
ped
60
Org
aniz
atio
nal r
efor
m a
nd
stre
ngth
enin
g of
key
gov
ernm
ent
and
othe
r age
ncie
s 20
So
me
refo
rm is
ong
oing
and
som
e ar
e pl
anne
d in
favo
r of
the
clim
ate
chan
ge
100
Maj
or re
form
s are
nec
essa
ry
to a
cces
s glo
bal f
unds
e.g
. GC
F 80
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
66
06
07
Mai
nstr
eam
ing
clim
ate
chan
ge in
the
med
ia
Capa
city
Bui
ldin
g an
d Tr
aini
ng
20
Med
ia m
ostly
com
mun
icat
es
60
Trai
ning
and
aw
aren
ess
40
42 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Cl
imat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Inte
nded
Clim
ate
Inte
rven
tions
1 Se
nsiti
vity
–in
BAU
(a)
Des
crip
tion
of C
limat
e Se
nsiti
vity
2 D
imen
sio
n (b
) D
escr
iptio
n of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge D
imen
sion
3 Re
leva
nce
c=
(b-a
)4
prin
t and
ele
ctro
nic
jour
nalis
ts
disa
ster
pre
pare
dnes
s and
em
erge
ncy
resp
onse
rela
ted
issu
es
rais
ing
even
ts m
ay b
e or
gani
zed
to ra
ise
know
ledg
e an
d un
ders
tand
ing
of th
e re
port
ers.
Expo
sure
vis
its to
clim
ate
chan
ge
hot s
pots
acr
oss t
he c
ount
ry a
nd
trac
king
glo
bal n
egot
iatio
ns
40
Jour
nalis
ts a
re a
war
e ab
out
the
vuln
erab
le lo
catio
ns to
di
sast
ers
60
Jour
nalis
ts m
ay b
e ta
ken
to
clim
ate
hots
pots
for c
ross
le
arni
ng a
nd p
artic
ipat
ing
glob
al n
egot
iatio
ns re
gula
rly
20
Stat
e of
Clim
ate
Chan
ge R
epor
ts,
Eart
h Fi
les,
Fea
ture
s, P
hoto
-Fe
atur
es
40
Jour
nalis
ts a
re c
ontr
ibut
ing
to
the
stat
e of
env
ironm
ent
repo
rts a
nd p
hoto
feat
ures
60
Pr
epar
e th
e Jo
urna
lists
to
cont
ribut
e to
the
stat
e of
cl
imat
e re
port
s 20
Med
ia n
etw
orki
ng
40
Med
ia m
ostly
wor
ks in
a
netw
ork
basi
s 60
O
rgan
ize
med
ia to
net
wor
k an
d re
port
with
har
mon
ized
in
form
atio
n ba
se
20
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
30
07
N
ot C
limat
e Re
leva
nt
0701
N
ot re
leva
nt
Any
deve
lopm
enta
l act
iviti
es
havi
ng n
o di
rect
sens
itivi
ty a
nd
dim
ensi
on fo
r clim
ate
rele
vanc
e 0
All n
on-c
limat
e se
nsiti
ve
activ
ities
0
All a
ctiv
ities
with
out c
limat
e di
men
sion
0
Clim
ate
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (M
AX in
terv
entio
n w
eigh
t – S
ampl
e St
anda
rd D
evia
tion)
0
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 43
Appe
ndix
2: C
limat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria a
nd R
elev
ance
Wei
ght (
%)
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
01
Food
Sec
urity
Soc
ial P
rote
ctio
n an
d H
ealt
h Cl
imat
e ch
ange
is li
kely
to im
pact
mos
t sev
erel
y on
the
poor
est a
nd m
ost v
ulne
rabl
e in
soci
ety.
Eve
ry e
ffort
will
be
mad
e to
ens
ure
that
they
are
pro
tect
ed a
nd
that
all
prog
ram
mes
focu
s on
the
need
s of t
his g
roup
for f
ood
secu
rity,
safe
hou
sing
, em
ploy
men
t and
acc
ess t
o ba
sic
serv
ices
, inc
ludi
ng h
ealth
. Und
er th
is
them
e th
e go
vern
men
t will
: -
Incr
ease
the
resi
lienc
e of
vul
nera
ble
grou
ps, i
nclu
ding
wom
en a
nd c
hild
ren,
thro
ugh
deve
lopm
ent o
f com
mun
ity-le
vel a
dapt
atio
n, li
velih
ood
dive
rsifi
catio
n, b
ette
r acc
ess t
o ba
sic se
rvic
es a
nd so
cial
pro
tect
ion
(e.g
., sa
fety
net
s, in
sura
nce)
and
scal
ing
up
- De
velo
p cl
imat
e ch
ange
resi
lient
cro
ppin
g sy
stem
s (e.
g., a
gric
ultu
ral r
esea
rch
to d
evel
op c
rop
varie
ties,
whi
ch a
re to
lera
nt o
f flo
odin
g, d
roug
ht a
nd
salin
ity, a
nd b
ased
on
indi
geno
us a
nd o
ther
var
ietie
s sui
ted
to th
e ne
eds o
f res
ourc
e po
or fa
rmer
s), f
ishe
ries a
nd li
vest
ock
syst
ems t
o en
sure
loca
l and
na
tiona
l foo
d se
curit
y
- Im
plem
ent s
urve
illan
ce sy
stem
s for
exi
stin
g an
d ne
w d
isea
se ri
sks a
nd e
nsur
e he
alth
syst
ems a
re g
eare
d up
to m
eet f
utur
e de
man
ds
- Im
plem
ent d
rinki
ng w
ater
and
sani
tatio
n pr
ogra
mm
es in
are
as a
t ris
k fro
m c
limat
e ch
ange
(e.g
., co
asta
l are
as, f
lood
-and
dro
ught
-pro
ne a
reas
) 01
01
Inst
itutio
nal c
apac
ity fo
r re
sear
ch to
war
ds c
limat
e re
silie
nt c
ultiv
ars a
nd th
eir
resi
lienc
e
73%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
bui
ld th
e in
stitu
tiona
l cap
acity
of r
esea
rch
cent
ers a
nd e
xper
tise
of re
sear
cher
s to
deve
lop
clim
ate
resi
lient
cu
ltiva
rs o
f foo
d an
d ot
her c
rops
. Th
e im
pact
of c
limat
e ch
ange
on
man
y fo
od (e
.g.,
pota
toes
) an
d no
n-fo
od c
rops
(e.g
., ju
te) i
s lar
gely
unk
now
n. R
esea
rch
mus
t be
initi
ated
to u
nder
stan
d th
ese
impa
cts a
nd fi
nd o
ut
how
to m
inim
ize
adve
rse
chan
ges.
It
take
s 7-8
yea
rs to
bre
ed n
ew c
ultiv
ars,
cer
tify
them
and
re
leas
e to
the
farm
ers t
hrou
gh th
e ex
tens
ion
syst
em. I
n vi
ew o
f th
is, i
ndig
enou
s var
ietie
s will
be
scre
ened
to id
entif
y th
ose
that
ca
n w
ithst
and,
at l
east
par
tially
, the
adv
erse
impa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge o
n yi
elds
. Afte
r par
ticip
ator
y fie
ld tr
ials
, the
y w
ill b
e di
ssem
inat
ed to
farm
ers.
- Co
llect
ion
and
pres
erva
tion
of lo
cal v
arie
ties o
f ro
bust
cul
tivar
s and
doc
umen
tatio
n of
thei
r ch
arac
teris
tics
- Re
sear
ch to
dev
elop
clim
ate
resi
lient
var
ietie
s of
rice
(i.e
., he
at, d
roug
ht, s
alin
ity a
nd
subm
erge
nce-
tole
rant
var
ietie
s)
- Re
sear
ch to
dev
elop
clim
ate
resi
lient
cul
tivar
s of
whe
at a
nd o
ther
food
and
non
food
cro
ps,
incl
udin
g ve
geta
bles
-
Fiel
d tr
ials
and
dis
sem
inat
ion
to fa
rmer
s of t
he
loca
l rob
ust c
ultiv
ars a
nd th
e ne
wly
dev
elop
ed
varie
ties,
in p
artn
ersh
ip w
ith th
e ex
tens
ion
serv
ice
and
NGO
s -
Stre
ngth
enin
g th
e ca
paci
ty o
f key
rese
arch
in
stitu
tes a
nd sc
ient
ists
to u
nder
take
the
wor
k
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e BR
RI, B
ARI a
nd o
ther
NAR
S or
gani
zatio
n
5 P
erce
ntag
es a
re ta
ken
from
the
prev
ious
tabl
e.
6 The
se a
re th
e m
ost r
elev
ant o
rgan
izat
ions
for a
ny sp
ecifi
c pr
ogra
mm
e as
spec
ified
in th
e B
CC
SAP-
2009
. How
ever
, oth
er m
inis
try o
r dep
artm
ents
not
list
ed m
ay a
lso
impl
emen
t suc
h pr
ogra
mm
es.
44 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
0102
De
velo
pmen
t of c
limat
e re
silie
nt c
ropp
ing
syst
ems
and
prod
uctio
n te
chno
logi
es
69%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is th
e de
velo
pmen
t of c
limat
e re
silie
nt c
ropp
ing
syst
ems a
ppro
pria
te to
diff
eren
t agr
o-cl
imat
ic re
gion
s and
sub-
regi
ons.
It
is p
redi
cted
that
clim
ate
chan
ge w
ill re
sult
in in
crea
sing
ly
frequ
ent a
nd se
vere
floo
ds in
the
cent
ral p
art o
f the
cou
ntry
; fla
sh fl
oods
in th
e no
rth-
east
ern
and
east
ern
part
s adj
acen
t to
Meg
hala
ya a
nd T
ripur
a, d
roug
ht a
nd e
rrat
ic ra
infa
ll in
nor
th
wes
tern
and
wes
tern
Ban
glad
esh.
Sal
inity
is li
kely
to in
crea
se in
th
e so
uth
wes
tern
and
sout
h-ce
ntra
l par
t of t
he c
ount
ry; r
ainf
all
is li
kely
to b
ecom
e m
ore
erra
tic in
the
CHT,
and
the
coas
tal
isla
nds w
ill fa
ce fr
eque
nt a
nd e
xtre
me
cycl
onic
wea
ther
. Th
e ch
ange
s will
requ
ire fa
rmer
s to
mod
ify th
eir c
urre
nt
crop
ping
syst
ems o
r cha
nge
to a
ltern
ativ
e sy
stem
s. R
esea
rch
is
need
ed to
dev
elop
and
fiel
d te
st a
ltern
ativ
e sy
stem
s, a
dapt
ed
to li
kely
futu
re c
ondi
tions
, so
that
cho
ices
are
ava
ilabl
e fo
r fa
rmer
s as c
limat
ic c
ondi
tions
cha
nge.
The
ass
ocia
ted
seed
su
pply
and
ext
ensi
on m
echa
nism
s als
o sh
ould
be
deve
lope
d.
Rese
arch
and
dev
elop
men
t will
be
unde
rtak
en b
y BR
RI, B
ARI
and
othe
r nat
iona
l res
earc
h in
stitu
tes a
nd th
eir r
egio
nal
rese
arch
stat
ions
, in
part
ners
hip
with
NGO
s.
- De
velo
p cl
imat
e re
silie
nt c
ropp
ing
patte
rns
suite
d to
diff
eren
t reg
ions
of t
he c
ount
ry
- Fi
eld
leve
l tria
ls o
f clim
ate
resi
lient
cro
ppin
g pa
ttern
s, a
ssoc
iate
d w
ater
man
agem
ent (
e.g.
irr
igat
ion)
syst
ems,
and
aw
aren
ess g
ener
atio
n am
ong
farm
ers a
nd c
onsu
mer
s -
Deve
lop
orga
nize
d se
ed p
rodu
ctio
n, st
orag
e,
supp
ly sy
stem
and
ext
ensi
on m
echa
nism
s -
Iden
tify/
deve
lop
tech
nolo
gies
(i.e
. mul
chin
g,
wat
er m
anag
emen
t, po
lytu
nnel
s, ra
ised
bed
s, et
c.) f
or c
rop
prod
uctio
n in
the
vuln
erab
le a
reas
-
Deve
lop
early
war
ning
and
wea
ther
fore
cast
ing
for c
rop
prod
uctio
n ag
ains
t dis
ease
s, in
sect
s,
drou
ght,
flood
s, st
orm
s, ti
dal s
urge
s, e
tc.
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of A
gric
ultu
re,
NARS
0103
Ad
apta
tion
agai
nst
drou
ght,
salin
ity
subm
erge
nce
and
heat
66%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
dev
elop
clim
atic
stre
ss (e
.g. d
roug
ht, s
alin
ity
subm
erge
nce,
hea
t) m
anag
emen
t opt
ions
for f
arm
ers.
Clim
ate
chan
ge is
like
ly to
resu
lt in
incr
easi
ngly
err
atic
rain
fall
patte
rns,
dro
ught
s, a
nd sa
linity
intr
usio
n. S
ince
Inde
pend
ence
, m
ajor
irrig
atio
n pr
ojec
ts (e
.g.,
the
GK P
roje
ct a
nd T
eest
a Ba
rrag
e) w
ere
deve
lope
d to
pro
vide
supp
lem
enta
ry ir
rigat
ion
in
the
wor
st a
ffect
ed p
arts
of t
he c
ount
ry.
With
clim
ate
chan
ge, t
hese
con
ditio
ns a
re li
kely
to b
e ex
acer
bate
d. T
he d
evel
opm
ent o
f app
ropr
iate
ada
ptiv
e m
easu
res c
ombi
ning
robu
st in
dige
nous
and
new
cul
tivar
s, n
ew
crop
ping
syst
ems a
nd im
prov
ed w
ater
man
agem
ent p
ract
ices
ne
ed to
be
deve
lope
d, te
sted
and
dis
sem
inat
ed to
farm
ers.
- Pr
epar
atio
n of
ada
ptat
ion
plan
s and
GIS
map
s of
are
as v
ulne
rabl
e to
dro
ught
s, sa
linity
su
bmer
genc
e an
d he
at
- De
velo
p an
d te
st a
dapt
ive
mea
sure
s in
drou
ght,
salin
ity su
bmer
genc
e, h
eat a
nd c
old-
pron
e ar
eas b
y ap
prop
riate
cul
tivar
s, c
ropp
ing
patte
rns a
nd la
nd a
nd w
ater
man
agem
ent
prac
tices
, and
effe
ctiv
e di
ssem
inat
ion
to
farm
ers
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of A
gric
ultu
re a
nd
Min
istry
of W
ater
Res
ourc
es, i
n as
soci
atio
n w
ith
the
exte
nsio
n se
rvic
e 01
04
Adap
tatio
n in
the
fishe
ries
sect
or
62%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is th
e de
velo
pmen
t of a
dapt
atio
n st
rate
gies
in th
e fis
herie
s sec
tor.
- As
sess
pot
entia
l thr
eats
to fi
sh sp
awni
ng a
nd
grow
th o
f fis
h in
the
fresh
wat
er fi
sher
ies s
ecto
r
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 45
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
Clim
ate
chan
ge is
like
ly to
adv
erse
ly a
ffect
fres
hwat
er a
nd
mar
ine
fishe
ries i
n Ba
ngla
desh
(e.g
., th
e sp
awni
ng o
f fre
shw
ater
sp
ecie
s; w
ater
tem
pera
ture
s in
pond
s and
inla
nd fi
sher
ies a
re
likel
y to
incr
ease
; sal
ine
wat
er is
like
ly to
ext
end
furt
her i
nlan
d in
the
sout
h of
the
coun
try,
whi
ch w
ill c
hang
e th
e aq
uatic
ec
osys
tem
and
pro
duct
ion
of fi
sh in
this
zone
; and
turb
ulen
t an
d ro
ugh
wea
ther
alo
ng th
e co
ast m
ay p
reva
il fo
r lon
ger
dura
tions
adv
erse
ly im
pact
ing
on th
e liv
elih
oods
of f
ishe
rmen
). It
is im
port
ant t
hat t
hese
pot
entia
l im
pact
s are
iden
tifie
d an
d re
sear
ch a
nd m
anag
emen
t str
ateg
ies d
evel
oped
, tes
ted
and
mad
e re
ady,
in a
ntic
ipat
ion
of c
limat
e-re
late
d ch
ange
s.
and
unde
rtak
e ad
aptiv
e m
easu
res,
incl
udin
g po
nd fi
sher
ies,
rive
r-ba
sed
cage
aqu
acul
ture
et
c.
- As
sess
pot
entia
l thr
eats
to fi
sh sp
awni
ng a
nd
grow
th o
f fis
h in
the
coas
tal z
one
and
brac
kish
w
ater
and
und
erta
ke a
ppro
pria
te a
dapt
ive
mea
sure
s and
cul
tura
l pra
ctic
es
- As
sess
pot
entia
l thr
eats
to th
e m
arin
e fis
h se
ctor
and
und
erta
ke a
dapt
ive
mea
sure
s -
Asse
ss p
oten
tial i
mpa
cts o
n th
e sh
rimp
sect
or
and
unde
rtak
e ap
prop
riate
ada
ptiv
e m
easu
res
and
cultu
ral p
ract
ices
-
Asse
ss p
oten
tial i
mpa
cts o
n th
e m
igra
tion
of
fish
and
Hils
ha fi
sh a
nd u
nder
take
app
ropr
iate
ad
aptiv
e m
easu
res
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of F
ishe
ries a
nd
Live
stoc
k, D
epar
tmen
t of F
isher
ies,
Fish
erie
s Re
sear
ch In
stitu
te, i
n as
soci
atio
n w
ith N
GOs
0105
Ad
apta
tion
in L
ives
tock
Se
ctor
48
%
Key
obje
ctiv
e is
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f opt
ions
for a
dapt
atio
n in
th
e liv
esto
ck se
ctor
. H
ighe
r am
bien
t tem
pera
ture
s, a
s wel
l as f
lood
s and
dro
ught
s,
are
likel
y to
adv
erse
ly a
ffect
pou
ltry
and
lives
tock
. Hig
her
tem
pera
ture
s will
lim
it th
e gr
owth
of c
hick
en, b
roile
rs a
nd o
ther
bi
rds s
uch
as p
igeo
ns a
nd d
ucks
. Gra
zing
land
s may
no
long
er
be p
rodu
ctiv
e du
e to
risi
ng sa
linity
in c
oast
al a
reas
and
dr
ough
ts. H
ighe
r tem
pera
ture
s and
hum
idity
may
affe
ct a
nim
al
heal
th th
roug
h th
e m
ore
rapi
d br
eedi
ng o
f par
asite
s and
ba
cter
ia. T
hese
cha
nges
are
like
ly to
serio
usly
affe
ct th
e liv
elih
oods
of l
ives
tock
farm
ers a
nd th
e av
aila
bilit
y of
live
stoc
k pr
oduc
ts in
Ban
glad
esh.
It
is n
eces
sary
to u
nder
stan
d th
ese
proc
esse
s, de
velo
p ap
prop
riate
ada
ptiv
e m
easu
res,
fiel
d te
st th
em a
nd m
ake
them
av
aila
ble
to li
vest
ock
and
poul
try
farm
ers,
man
y of
who
m a
re
amon
g th
e po
ores
t and
mos
t vul
nera
ble
peop
le in
the
coun
try.
- As
sess
pot
entia
l thr
eats
to th
e po
ultr
y se
ctor
, de
velo
p ad
aptiv
e m
easu
res a
nd d
isse
min
ate
amon
g fa
rmer
s -
Asse
ss p
oten
tial t
hrea
ts to
the
lives
tock
sect
or,
deve
lop
adap
tive
mea
sure
s and
dis
sem
inat
e am
ong
farm
ers
- St
reng
then
vet
erin
ary
serv
ices
syst
ems,
in
clud
ing
anim
al h
ealth
mea
sure
s in
light
of t
he
likel
y in
crea
se in
dis
ease
pre
vale
nce
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inis
try o
f Fis
herie
s and
Li
vest
ock,
Dep
artm
ent o
f Liv
esto
ck, B
angl
ades
h Li
vest
ock
Rese
arch
Cen
tre, i
n as
soci
atio
n w
ith
the
NGOs
46 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
0106
Ad
apta
tion
in H
ealth
Se
ctor
40
%
Key
obje
ctiv
e is
to c
ondu
ct re
sear
ch a
nd m
onito
ring
on th
e im
pact
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
on
dise
ase
patte
rns a
nd th
e so
cial
an
d ec
onom
ic c
osts
of d
isea
se. D
evel
op a
dapt
ive
mea
sure
s. O
ne o
f the
maj
or im
pact
s of g
loba
l war
min
g an
d cl
imat
e ch
ange
will
be
an in
crea
se in
vec
tor b
orne
dis
ease
s (e.
g.,
mal
aria
and
den
gue
feve
r). G
loba
l war
min
g w
ill a
lso
rais
e te
mpe
ratu
res i
n th
e su
mm
er se
ason
, inc
reas
ing
the
inci
denc
e of
hea
t str
okes
, whi
ch c
ould
be
furt
her a
ggra
vate
d by
shor
tage
s of
drin
king
wat
er. P
ossi
ble
othe
r thr
eats
from
oth
er v
ecto
r bo
rne
dise
ases
such
as K
ala-
azar
and
typh
oid
have
yet
to b
e as
sess
ed.
It is
impo
rtan
t tha
t the
mon
itorin
g of
dis
ease
s lin
ked
to c
limat
e ch
ange
is u
pgra
ded
and
rese
arch
und
erta
ken
to d
evel
op
adap
tive
stra
tegi
es th
at c
an b
e pu
t in
plac
e as
nee
ds e
mer
ge.
- Re
sear
ch o
n th
e im
pact
of c
limat
e ch
ange
on
heal
th (i
nclu
ding
the
inci
denc
e of
mal
aria
and
de
ngue
, dia
rrhe
al d
isea
ses,
hea
tstr
oke)
and
the
cost
to so
ciet
y of
incr
ease
d m
orta
lity,
mor
bidi
ty
and
cons
eque
nt fa
ll in
pro
duct
ivity
-
Deve
lop
adap
tive
stra
tegi
es a
nd u
nder
take
m
easu
res a
gain
st o
utbr
eaks
of m
alar
ia, d
engu
e an
d ot
her v
ecto
r bor
ne d
isea
ses a
nd in
vest
in
prev
entiv
e an
d cu
rativ
e m
easu
res a
nd fa
cilit
ies
- De
velo
p ad
aptiv
e st
rate
gies
aga
inst
dia
rrhe
al
and
othe
r dis
ease
s, w
hich
may
incr
ease
due
to
clim
ate
chan
ge, a
nd in
vest
in p
reve
ntiv
e an
d cu
rativ
e m
easu
res a
nd fa
cilit
ies
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of H
ealth
and
Fa
mily
Pla
nnin
g, in
ass
ocia
tion
with
rese
arch
ce
ntre
s (IC
DDR-
B) a
nd o
ther
s 01
07
Wat
er a
nd sa
nita
tion
prog
ram
me
for c
limat
e vu
lner
able
are
as
46%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
ens
ure
adeq
uate
wat
er su
pplie
s and
im
prov
ed sa
nita
tion.
Th
e in
crea
sing
pre
vale
nce
of d
roug
hts w
ill a
dver
sely
affe
ct
avai
labi
lity
of su
rface
wat
er a
nd d
rinki
ng w
ater
from
and
will
re
quire
inve
stm
ent i
n de
ep se
t gro
und
wat
er te
chno
logi
es,
cons
erva
tion
of w
ater
and
rain
fall
harv
estin
g, in
som
e re
gion
s.
Also
, in
the
coas
tal z
one,
as s
ea le
vel r
ises
, sal
inity
will
mov
e in
land
mak
ing
safe
drin
king
ava
ilabi
lity
a bi
g ch
alle
nge.
Urb
an
area
s are
like
ly to
be
espe
cial
ly v
ulne
rabl
e to
redu
ced
surfa
ce
and
grou
ndw
ater
ava
ilabi
lity.
Th
ere
is a
nee
d to
mon
itor t
he a
vaila
bilit
y of
drin
king
wat
er
(bot
h qu
antit
y an
d qu
ality
) and
to d
evel
op st
rate
gies
to
incr
ease
supp
lies o
f drin
king
wat
er a
nd to
pro
vide
impr
oved
sa
nita
tion
serv
ices
, as c
limat
e ch
ange
bec
omes
evi
dent
. In
the
mea
ntim
e, e
very
effo
rt sh
ould
be
mad
e to
ens
ure
that
peo
ple
curr
ently
livi
ng in
dro
ught
-pro
ne a
nd sa
line
affe
cted
are
as a
re
prov
ided
with
ade
quat
e se
rvic
es.
- Re
sear
ch a
nd m
onito
r cha
nges
in w
ater
qua
lity
and
quan
tity
avai
labl
e fo
r drin
king
and
fore
cast
fu
ture
cha
nges
due
to c
limat
e ch
ange
-
Plan
for a
nd in
vest
in a
dditi
onal
wat
er su
pply
an
d sa
nita
tion
faci
litie
s
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inis
try o
f Loc
al
Gove
rnm
ent a
nd v
ario
us lo
cal g
over
nmen
t bo
dies
and
NGO
s in
rura
l and
urb
an B
angl
ades
h
0108
Li
velih
ood
prot
ectio
n in
52
%
Key
obje
ctiv
e is
to a
ddre
ss, i
n a
timel
y an
d ef
fect
ive
way
, -
Com
preh
ensi
ve a
nd p
artic
ipat
ory
plan
ning
and
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 47
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
ecol
ogic
ally
frag
ile a
nd
clim
ate
vuln
erab
le zo
nes
adve
rse
impa
cts o
n liv
elih
oods
in e
colo
gica
lly v
ulne
rabl
e ar
eas.
Clim
ate
chan
ge w
ill im
pact
upo
n th
e re
gion
s in
Bang
lade
sh in
di
ffere
nt w
ays.
Tho
se w
hich
are
alre
ady
ecol
ogic
ally
frag
ile m
ay
beco
me
mor
e so
due
to c
hang
es in
tem
pera
ture
and
mor
e er
ratic
rain
fall
patte
rns.
Clim
ate
rela
ted
disa
ster
s may
des
troy
pe
ople
's h
omes
, and
inco
mes
and
em
ploy
men
t cou
ld b
e th
reat
ened
in m
any
area
s. St
rate
gies
will
be
need
ed to
hel
p pe
ople
in th
ese
regi
ons b
ecom
e cl
imat
e re
silie
nt a
nd e
nsur
e th
eir e
cono
mic
and
soci
al w
ell-b
eing
. Spe
cial
atte
ntio
n w
ill b
e pa
id to
impa
cts o
n w
omen
and
chi
ldre
n. A
ffect
ed re
gion
s are
lik
ely
to in
clud
e th
e co
asta
l zon
e, ri
ver c
hars
, hill
y ar
eas (
e.g.
, th
e H
ill T
ract
s) a
nd in
land
wet
land
are
as.
inve
stm
ent f
or c
limat
e re
silie
nce
agai
nst
eros
ion
in in
com
e, e
mpl
oym
ent a
nd h
uman
he
alth
in c
oast
al, c
har,
hilly
and
wet
land
re
gion
s.
- Pr
omot
ion
of a
dapt
ive
livel
ihoo
ds fo
r wom
en
in th
e cl
imat
e vu
lner
able
regi
ons.
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
vario
us li
ne m
inist
ries,
in
colla
bora
tion
with
NGO
s
0109
Li
velih
ood
prot
ectio
n of
vu
lner
able
soci
o-
econ
omic
gro
ups
(incl
udin
g w
omen
)
38%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
ens
ure
equi
tabl
e an
d su
stai
nabl
e de
velo
pmen
t of a
ll vu
lner
able
soci
o-ec
onom
ic g
roup
s.
Clim
ate
chan
ge w
ill im
pact
on
diffe
rent
soci
o-ec
onom
ic g
roup
s in
Ban
glad
esh
in v
ario
us w
ays.
The
poor
and
the
non-
poor
will
be
affe
cted
diff
eren
tly b
ecau
se o
f the
ir co
ntra
stin
g as
set b
ases
an
d in
com
es.
Grou
ps th
at w
ill b
e co
nsid
ered
incl
ude:
fish
ing
fam
ilies
, who
w
ill b
e af
fect
ed b
y ch
ange
s in
fresh
wat
er a
nd m
arin
e ec
osys
tem
s; p
oor a
nd m
argi
nal f
arm
ers,
who
will
be
at g
reat
er
risk
from
cro
p fa
ilure
than
bet
ter-
off f
arm
ers a
nd w
ill n
eed
spec
ial a
ttent
ion
to p
rote
ct th
em fr
om in
com
e lo
sses
due
to
clim
ate
chan
ge; p
eopl
e w
ho a
re p
hysi
cally
and
men
tally
ch
alle
nged
who
may
nee
d sp
ecia
l pro
tect
ion.
Wom
en a
nd
child
ren
are
gene
rally
mor
e vu
lner
able
than
men
, esp
ecia
lly in
po
or h
ouse
hold
s, a
nd a
ll pr
ogra
mm
es w
ill th
us p
riorit
ise
the
need
s of w
omen
and
chi
ldre
n. In
som
e ca
ses,
the
prog
ram
me
will
pro
vide
pro
tect
ion
agai
nst l
oss o
f em
ploy
men
t and
inco
me,
in
oth
ers,
hea
lth n
eeds
may
be
mor
e ac
ute;
and
for s
ome
soci
al
wel
fare
mea
sure
s thr
ough
tran
sfer
pro
gram
mes
may
be
nece
ssar
y.
- Co
mpr
ehen
sive
and
par
ticip
ator
y pl
anni
ng a
nd
inve
stm
ent t
o pr
otec
t the
live
lihoo
ds (i
ncom
e,
empl
oym
ent,
heal
th) o
f gro
ups w
ho w
ill b
e es
peci
ally
seve
rely
impa
cted
by
clim
ate
chan
ge
(e.g
., m
argi
nal a
nd sm
all f
arm
ers,
fish
erm
en
part
icul
arly
thos
e fis
hing
in e
stua
ries a
nd th
e se
as, t
he in
firm
and
eld
erly
, peo
ple
with
ph
ysic
al a
nd m
enta
l dis
abili
ties)
-
Com
preh
ensi
ve st
udy
of th
e im
pact
of c
limat
e ch
ange
on
wom
en a
nd g
ende
r rel
atio
ns a
nd
mea
sure
s to
addr
ess t
hese
in a
ll ac
tions
und
er
the
BCCS
AP
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
vario
us li
ne m
inis
tries
, in
clud
ing
Agric
ultu
re, F
ood
and
Disa
ster
M
anag
emen
t, W
omen
's Af
fairs
, and
Hea
lth, i
n pa
rtne
rshi
p w
ith N
GOs
02
Com
preh
ensi
ve D
isas
ter M
anag
emen
t Co
mpr
ehen
sive
Dis
aste
r Man
agem
ent s
yste
ms w
ill b
e fu
rthe
r stre
ngth
ened
to d
eal w
ith th
e in
crea
sing
ly fr
eque
nt a
nd se
vere
nat
ural
cat
astr
ophe
s as a
resu
lt of
48 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
clim
ate
chan
ge. W
e w
ill b
uild
on
and
exte
nd o
ur p
rove
n ex
perie
nce
in th
is a
rea.
Und
er th
is th
eme
the
gove
rnm
ent w
ill:
- St
reng
then
the
gove
rnm
ent's
cap
acity
and
that
of c
ivil
soci
ety
part
ners
and
com
mun
ities
to m
anag
e na
tura
l dis
aste
rs, a
nd e
nsur
e th
at a
ppro
pria
te
polic
ies,
law
s and
regu
latio
ns a
re in
pla
ce S
treng
then
com
mun
ity-b
ased
ada
ptat
ion
prog
ram
mes
and
est
ablis
h th
em in
eac
h of
the
disa
ster
-pro
ne p
arts
of
the
coun
try
-
Stre
ngth
en o
ur c
yclo
ne, s
torm
surg
e an
d flo
od e
arly
war
ning
syst
ems t
o en
able
mor
e ac
cura
te sh
ort,
med
ium
and
long
-term
fore
cast
s 02
01
Impr
ovem
ent o
f flo
od
fore
cast
ing
and
early
w
arni
ng sy
stem
s
61%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
impr
ove
of th
e ex
istin
g flo
od fo
reca
stin
g an
d ea
rly w
arni
ng sy
stem
s by
incr
easi
ng le
ad ti
mes
and
st
reng
then
ing
diss
emin
atio
n m
echa
nism
s. Ba
ngla
desh
is h
ighl
y re
gard
ed fo
r its
com
pete
nce
in fl
ood
fore
cast
ing
and
early
war
ning
syst
ems.
The
fore
cast
s are
re
leas
ed th
roug
h e-
mai
ls a
s wel
l as p
lace
d on
a w
eb-s
ite.
How
ever
, the
re is
scop
e fo
r im
prov
emen
t. Th
e cu
rren
t pra
ctic
e of
rele
asin
g w
arni
ngs i
n te
rms o
f riv
er st
age
are
not e
asily
un
ders
tood
by
loca
l com
mun
ities
, whi
le th
e ab
senc
e of
dig
ital
elev
atio
n m
odel
s (DE
M) m
akes
it d
iffic
ult f
or fl
ood
fore
cast
ing
mod
elle
rs to
rela
te ri
ver s
tage
to li
kely
floo
d le
vels
at d
iffer
ent
loca
tions
in th
e co
untr
ysid
e. It
wou
ld b
e he
lpfu
l to
com
mun
ities
an
d th
e au
thor
ities
to h
ave
long
er ra
nge
fore
cast
s, e
ven
thou
gh
they
are
not
alw
ays r
elia
ble.
- Re
view
of t
he h
ydro
-met
eoro
logi
cal d
ata
netw
ork
and
the
setti
ng u
p of
tele
met
ric
stat
ions
-
Impr
ovem
ent i
n di
ssem
inat
ion
of w
arni
ngs b
y (a
) com
bini
ng ri
ver s
tage
and
DEM
info
rmat
ion;
an
d (b
) mak
ing
10-d
ay fo
reca
sts
- Aw
aren
ess b
uild
ing
prog
ram
mes
at c
omm
unity
le
vel o
n w
arni
ngs p
rodu
ced
and
rele
ased
by
FFW
C
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inis
try o
f Wat
er R
esou
rces
an
d its
vario
us a
genc
ies;
civi
l soc
iety
or
gani
zatio
ns a
ctiv
e in
disa
ster
man
agem
ent
and
med
ia
0202
Im
prov
emen
t of c
yclo
ne
and
stor
m-s
urge
war
ning
68
%
Key
obje
ctiv
e is
to im
prov
e in
cyc
lone
and
stor
m su
rge
war
ning
s and
dis
sem
inat
ion.
Di
ssem
inat
ion
of c
yclo
ne a
nd st
orm
-sur
ge w
arni
ngs i
s don
e, a
t co
mm
unity
leve
l, th
roug
h th
e Cy
clon
e Pr
epar
edne
ss
Prog
ram
me
(CPP
) Vol
unte
ers o
f the
Ban
glad
esh
Red
Cres
cent
So
ciet
y (B
DRCS
). Th
ere
is th
us a
n ur
gent
nee
d to
revi
ew th
e sy
stem
and
mak
e im
prov
emen
ts, w
here
nec
essa
ry.
In re
cent
yea
rs, t
he B
ay o
f Ben
gal h
as b
ecom
e m
ore
turb
ulen
t, w
ith W
arni
ng N
o-3
anno
unce
d m
ore
frequ
ently
than
bef
ore.
Ro
ugh
seas
adv
erse
ly a
ffect
the
fishi
ng p
ract
ices
and
liv
elih
oods
of f
ishe
rmen
. The
ent
ire c
oast
line
of B
angl
ades
h is
vu
lner
able
to c
yclo
nes a
nd a
ssoc
iate
d st
orm
-sur
ges.
- Re
view
of t
he p
rese
nt c
yclo
ne a
nd st
orm
-sur
ge
war
ning
syst
ems a
nd m
ake
impr
ovem
ents
, w
here
nec
essa
ry
- Im
prov
emen
t in
cycl
one
and
stor
m-s
urge
w
arni
ng d
isse
min
atio
n to
loca
l com
mun
ities
, th
roug
h aw
aren
ess c
ampa
igns
-
Cycl
one
prep
ared
ness
pro
gram
me
(CPP
) and
ot
her v
olun
teer
cor
ps fo
r war
ning
di
ssem
inat
ion
and
emer
genc
y ev
alua
tion
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of D
isas
ter
Man
agem
ent a
nd R
elie
f, Ba
ngla
desh
Red
Cr
esce
nt S
ocie
ty, N
GOs a
nd C
BOs (
com
mun
ity
base
d or
gani
satio
ns) w
orki
ng in
the
coas
tal
area
s and
med
ia
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 49
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
0203
Aw
aren
ess r
aisi
ng a
nd
publ
ic e
duca
tion
tow
ards
cl
imat
e re
silie
nce
46%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
stre
ngth
en th
e co
mm
unity
-bas
ed d
isas
ter
prep
ared
ness
and
impr
oved
resi
lienc
e.
Bang
lade
sh h
as d
evel
oped
a c
ompr
ehen
sive
and
effe
ctiv
e di
sast
er m
anag
emen
t sys
tem
. The
Sta
ndin
g O
rder
on
Disa
ster
pr
ovid
es g
uida
nce
to lo
cal c
omm
uniti
es a
nd th
e au
thor
ities
, at
vario
us le
vels
, on
thei
r rol
es a
nd re
spon
sibi
litie
s dur
ing
and
imm
edia
tely
afte
r a d
isas
ter h
as st
ruck
. It a
lso
lays
out
pr
oced
ures
for a
lert
ing
loca
l com
mun
ities
whe
n a
disa
ster
such
as
a fl
ood,
cyc
lone
or s
torm
-sur
ge is
like
ly to
occ
ur.
Desp
ite th
is, t
here
is a
nee
d to
rais
e aw
aren
ess a
mon
g co
mm
uniti
es a
nd o
ffici
als a
t all
leve
ls o
n th
e lik
ely
incr
ease
d in
cide
nce
of n
atur
al d
isas
ters
. Som
e ar
eas w
here
urg
ent
atte
ntio
n m
ay b
e gi
ven
incl
ude
shel
ter m
anag
emen
t, se
arch
an
d re
scue
and
hea
lth is
sues
dur
ing
and
afte
r dis
aste
rs.
- Aw
aren
ess
rais
ing
pro
gram
mes
am
ong
loca
l co
mm
uniti
es a
bout
impa
cts o
f Clim
ate
Chan
ge
- Tr
ain
loca
l com
mun
ities
on
shel
ter
man
agem
ent,
sear
ch a
nd re
scue
, and
hea
lth
issu
es re
late
d to
dis
aste
r man
agem
ent
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inis
try o
f Dis
aste
r M
anag
emen
t and
Rel
ief,
Bang
lade
sh R
ed
Cres
cent
Soc
iety
, NGO
s, CB
Os w
orki
ng in
the
coas
tal a
reas
, med
ia (p
rint a
nd e
lect
roni
c)
0204
Ri
sk m
anag
emen
t aga
inst
lo
ss o
f inc
ome
and
prop
erty
77%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
put
in p
lace
an
effe
ctiv
e in
sura
nce
syst
em fo
r ris
k m
anag
emen
t aga
inst
loss
of i
ncom
e an
d pr
oper
ty.
Clim
ate
chan
ge is
like
ly to
resu
lt in
loss
of i
ncom
e an
d pr
oper
ty
to p
eopl
e, h
ouse
hold
s, e
nter
pris
es, a
nd in
frast
ruct
ure.
Co
mm
uniti
es a
nd fa
mili
es tr
y to
clim
ate
proo
f in
seve
ral w
ays
(e.g
., ra
isin
g th
e m
ound
s on
whi
ch th
ey b
uild
thei
r hou
ses t
o pr
otec
t the
m fr
om fl
oods
and
the
use
of a
dapt
ed v
arie
ties o
f cr
ops)
. In
addi
tion,
insu
ranc
e ag
ains
t clim
ate-
rela
ted
loss
es
may
als
o be
an
effe
ctiv
e ris
k re
duct
ion
mec
hani
sm. T
he
Gove
rnm
ent w
ill p
artn
er w
ith th
e in
sura
nce
indu
stry
and
NGO
s to
dev
elop
new
insu
ranc
e pr
oduc
ts fo
r peo
ple,
hou
seho
lds a
nd
ente
rpris
es a
gain
st c
limat
e re
late
d lo
sses
.
- De
vise
an
effe
ctiv
e in
sura
nce
sche
me
for l
osse
s in
pro
pert
y du
e to
clim
ate
chan
ge im
pact
s -
Deve
lop
an e
ffect
ive
insu
ranc
e sc
hem
e fo
r los
s of
inco
me
from
var
ious
sour
ces t
o pe
rson
s,
hous
ehol
ds a
nd e
nter
pris
es
- Pi
lot t
he in
sura
nce
sche
mes
and
if su
cces
sful
, es
tabl
ish
insu
ranc
e sy
stem
s for
low
erin
g ris
k of
ad
vers
e im
pact
of c
limat
e ch
ange
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inis
try o
f Fin
ance
and
ot
her l
ine
min
istrie
s, an
d th
e in
sura
nce
sect
or
and
NGOs
03
Infr
astr
uctu
re
It is
impe
rativ
e th
at e
xist
ing
infra
stru
ctur
e (e
.g.,
coas
tal a
nd ri
ver e
mba
nkm
ents
) is w
ell-m
aint
aine
d an
d fit
-for-p
urpo
se a
nd th
at u
rgen
tly n
eede
d in
frast
ruct
ure
(e.g
., cy
clon
e sh
elte
rs, u
rban
dra
inag
e) is
put
in p
lace
to d
eal w
ith th
e lik
ely
shor
t and
med
ium
-term
impa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge. U
nder
this
them
e th
e go
vern
men
t w
ill: -
Repa
ir an
d re
habi
litat
e ex
istin
g in
frast
ruct
ure
(e.g
., co
asta
l em
bank
men
ts, r
iver
em
bank
men
ts a
nd d
rain
age
syst
ems,
urb
an d
rain
age
syst
ems)
and
en
sure
effe
ctiv
e op
erat
ion
and
mai
nten
ance
syst
ems
- Pl
an, d
esig
n an
d co
nstr
uct u
rgen
tly n
eede
d ne
w in
frast
ruct
ure
(e.g
., cy
clon
e sh
elte
rs, c
oast
al a
nd ri
ver e
mba
nkm
ents
and
wat
er m
anag
emen
t sys
tem
s;
urba
n dr
aina
ge sy
stem
s, ri
ver e
rosi
on c
ontr
ol w
orks
, flo
od sh
elte
rs) t
o m
eet t
he c
hang
ing
cond
ition
s exp
ecte
d w
ith c
limat
e ch
ange
50 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
- U
nder
take
stra
tegi
c pl
anni
ng o
f fut
ure
infra
stru
ctur
e ne
eds,
taki
ng in
to a
ccou
nt th
e lik
ely
(a) f
utur
e pa
ttern
s of u
rban
izat
ion
and
soci
o-ec
onom
ic
deve
lopm
ent;
and
(b) t
he c
hang
ing
hydr
olog
y of
the
coun
try,
bec
ause
of c
limat
e ch
ange
03
01
Repa
ir an
d m
aint
enan
ce
of e
xist
ing
flood
em
bank
men
ts
68%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
ens
ure
cont
inue
d flo
od p
rote
ctio
n by
re
pairi
ng a
nd re
habi
litat
ing
exis
ting
flood
em
bank
men
ts.
Eart
hen
emba
nkm
ents
hav
e be
en c
onst
ruct
ed b
y th
e Ba
ngla
desh
Wat
er D
evel
opm
ent B
oard
(BW
DB),
alon
g m
ost
maj
or a
nd m
ediu
m-s
ized
rive
rs in
the
coun
try
and
also
som
e m
inor
rive
rs. T
he h
eigh
ts o
f the
em
bank
men
ts w
ere
desi
gned
ba
sed
on re
cent
maj
or fl
oods
and
/or s
tatis
tical
ana
lysi
s of p
ast
river
stag
e da
ta. M
any
of th
ese
emba
nkm
ents
are
in p
oor s
hape
du
e to
lack
of p
rope
r mai
nten
ance
. Em
bank
men
ts h
ave
prov
ided
secu
rity
from
floo
ding
and
, as a
re
sult,
man
y pe
ople
hav
e m
oved
into
pro
tect
ed fl
oodp
lain
ar
eas.
The
trad
ition
al a
ppro
ach
of b
uild
ing
hom
es o
n ra
ised
m
ound
s has
mor
e or
less
bee
n ab
ando
ned.
Far
mer
s go
for h
igh
yiel
ding
var
iety
of c
rops
bec
ause
of t
he se
curit
y pr
ovid
ed b
y th
e em
bank
men
t and
ass
ocia
ted
drai
nage
syst
ems.
Giv
en th
is, i
t is
very
impo
rtan
t to
reha
bilit
ate
exis
ting
river
floo
d em
bank
men
ts
so th
at th
ey a
re fu
lly fu
nctio
nal a
nd a
ble
to p
rovi
de th
e le
vel o
f se
curit
y fo
r whi
ch th
ese
wer
e co
nstr
ucte
d.
- As
sess
the
cond
ition
of a
ll ex
istin
g flo
od
emba
nkm
ents
and
pre
pare
GIS
map
s -
Imm
edia
te re
pair
and
reha
bilit
atio
n of
exi
stin
g em
bank
men
ts a
nd a
ppur
tena
nt st
ruct
ures
ta
king
futu
re fo
reca
st fl
ood
leve
ls in
to a
ccou
nt
- Co
nstr
uctio
n of
new
and
ext
ensi
on o
f exi
stin
g em
bank
men
ts
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of W
ater
Res
ourc
es
and
its a
genc
ies
0302
Re
pair
and
mai
nten
ance
of
exi
stin
g cy
clon
e sh
elte
rs
70%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
mak
e ex
istin
g cy
clon
e sh
elte
rs sa
fe a
nd
func
tiona
l. So
me
of th
e m
ajor
cyc
loni
c st
orm
surg
es in
197
0, 1
991
and
2007
ex
ceed
ed 7
met
ers.
Exi
stin
g co
asta
l em
bank
men
ts c
an b
e ov
erto
pped
by
high
stor
m su
rges
, whi
ch a
re li
kely
to b
ecom
e m
ore
frequ
ent w
ith g
loba
l war
min
g. M
ost o
f the
cyc
lone
sh
elte
rs c
onst
ruct
ed in
196
0 an
d 19
70 re
quire
urg
ent r
epai
r and
m
aint
enan
ce. M
any
of th
e sh
elte
rs b
uilt
afte
r 199
1 cy
clon
e al
so
need
repa
ir.
The
cycl
one
shel
ters
in B
angl
ades
h ar
e co
nsid
ered
a m
ajor
su
cces
s am
ong
disa
ster
man
agem
ent p
rofe
ssio
nals
. How
ever
, du
ring
Cycl
one
Sidr
, man
y pe
ople
who
soug
ht re
fuge
in c
yclo
ne
shel
ters
wer
e sc
ared
for t
heir
safe
ty b
ecau
se o
f the
poo
r co
nditi
on o
f the
stru
ctur
es. A
s ano
ther
stor
m su
rge
may
hit
the
coas
t of B
angl
ades
h, a
nytim
e, a
nd a
t any
loca
tion,
cyc
lone
- Su
rvey
and
pre
pare
GIS
bas
ed m
aps s
how
ing
the
loca
tion
of a
ll cy
clon
e sh
elte
rs o
n th
e co
asta
l bel
t of B
angl
ades
h an
d a
data
base
de
scrib
ing
thei
r pre
sent
stat
us a
nd re
pair
need
s -
Cons
truc
tion
of n
ew c
yclo
ne sh
elte
rs
- Re
pair
and,
whe
re n
eces
sary
, red
esig
n of
cy
clon
e sh
elte
rs, i
nclu
ding
thei
r app
roac
h ro
ads
- Re
pair
and
reco
nstr
uctio
n of
cyc
lone
shel
ters
an
d ap
proa
ch ro
ads/
trac
ks
- Aw
aren
ess b
uild
ing
in c
omm
uniti
es a
nd
esta
blis
hmen
t of C
omm
unity
She
lter
Com
mitt
ees a
nd ru
nnin
g of
trai
ning
pr
ogra
mm
es, i
nclu
ding
regu
lar r
escu
e an
d
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 51
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
shel
ters
alo
ng th
e en
tire
coas
tal b
elt m
ust b
e ur
gent
ly m
ade
fully
func
tiona
l and
ope
ratio
nal.
reha
bilit
atio
n pr
actic
e -
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of F
ood
and
Disa
ster
Man
agem
ent,
Red
Cres
cent
Soc
iety
, pr
ivat
e se
ctor
und
er th
eir C
SR p
rogr
amm
es a
nd
NGO
s 03
03
Repa
ir an
d m
aint
enan
ce
of e
xist
ing
coas
tal p
olde
rs
80%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
repa
ir an
d re
cons
truc
t the
exi
stin
g po
lder
s in
the
coas
tal b
elt o
f the
Ban
glad
esh.
Th
e co
asta
l bel
t of B
angl
ades
h fa
ces s
ever
e cy
clon
ic w
eath
er
and
stor
m su
rges
at r
egul
ar in
terv
als.
It is
pre
dict
ed th
at su
ch
natu
ral c
alam
ities
will
hit
the
coas
tal b
elt w
ith in
crea
sing
fre
quen
cy a
nd in
tens
ity. T
he e
xper
ienc
e of
Cyc
lone
Sid
r, in
20
07, s
how
s tha
t dam
age
was
the
grea
test
in u
npro
tect
ed a
reas
an
d w
here
the
stor
m su
rge
had
brea
ched
the
dyke
(e.g
., in
So
uthk
hali
of S
hara
nkho
la T
hana
).
For o
ver 2
5 ye
ars,
muc
h of
the
coas
tline
of B
angl
ades
h ha
s be
en p
rote
cted
by
over
7,0
00 k
ms o
f ear
then
em
bank
men
ts in
th
e fo
rm o
f pol
ders
. A re
cent
stud
y by
CEGI
S sh
ows t
hat m
ost o
f th
e po
lder
s nee
d ur
gent
repa
ir. P
eopl
e liv
ing
behi
nd th
ese
emba
nkm
ents
enj
oy se
curit
y fro
m h
igh
sprin
g tid
es a
nd h
ave
been
abl
e to
impr
ove
thei
r agr
icul
tura
l pra
ctic
es. A
lthou
gh,
such
dyk
es c
anno
t pro
tect
aga
inst
hig
h cy
clon
ic st
orm
surg
es,
they
are
crit
ical
to th
e liv
elih
oods
and
safe
ty o
f peo
ple
in th
e re
gion
.
- Su
rvey
of t
he c
ondi
tion
of c
oast
al p
olde
rs a
nd
prep
arat
ion
of G
IS m
aps w
ith p
rese
nt c
over
age
of a
reas
pro
tect
ed b
y th
ese
pold
ers
- Pl
an, d
esig
n an
d co
st im
med
iate
repa
irs o
f ex
istin
g dy
kes,
bas
ed o
n fu
ture
pro
ject
ed se
a le
vel r
ises
and
stor
m su
rges
-
Reco
nstr
uctio
n an
d re
pair
of
pold
ers/
emba
nkm
ents
to d
esig
n he
ight
and
se
ctio
n -
Cons
truc
tion
of n
ew a
nd e
xten
sion
of e
xist
ing
coas
tal p
olde
rs
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inis
try o
f Wat
er R
esou
rces
an
d its
age
ncie
s
0304
Im
prov
emen
t of u
rban
dr
aina
ge
61%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
pre
vent
dra
inag
e co
nges
tion
and
wat
er
logg
ing
that
may
resu
lt fro
m h
eavy
rain
fall
in u
rban
are
as.
The
curr
ent s
torm
dra
inag
e sy
stem
s of t
he m
ajor
citi
es w
ere
desi
gned
usi
ng h
isto
rical
rain
fall
data
. It i
s lik
ely
that
thes
e de
sign
cap
aciti
es w
ill b
e ex
ceed
ed in
futu
re. O
ne o
f the
maj
or
impa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge is
like
ly to
be
an in
crea
se in
the
num
ber o
f epi
sode
s of s
hort
dur
atio
n an
d he
avy
rain
fall.
Thi
s w
ill re
sult
in w
ater
logg
ing
due
to d
rain
age
cong
estio
n.
Maj
or c
ities
will
be
incr
easi
ngly
vul
nera
ble.
Par
ts o
f Dha
ka a
re
alre
ady
wat
erlo
gged
regu
larly
as t
he d
esig
ned
drai
nage
ca
paci
ty o
f the
city
's se
wer
syst
em is
not
abl
e to
cop
e w
ith th
e lo
ad. T
his h
as o
ccur
red
a nu
mbe
r of t
imes
in re
cent
yea
rs a
nd
- As
sess
the
drai
nage
cap
acity
of m
ajor
citi
es
(Dha
ka, C
hatto
gram
, Raj
shah
i, Kh
ulna
) and
in
vest
igat
e st
ruct
ural
and
non
-str
uctu
ral
caus
es o
f wat
er lo
ggin
g w
ithin
the
citie
s and
th
eir i
mm
edia
te su
rrou
ndin
gs u
sing
hyd
ro-
dyna
mic
mod
els
- As
sess
the
drai
nage
cap
acity
of s
elec
ted
old
dist
rict t
owns
(e.g
. Cum
illa,
Mym
ensi
ngh,
Sy
lhet
, Bar
isha
l etc
.) an
d in
vest
igat
e st
ruct
ural
an
d no
n-st
ruct
ural
cau
ses o
f wat
er lo
ggin
g w
ithin
citi
es a
nd im
med
iate
surr
ound
ings
-
Desi
gn a
nd in
vest
in im
prov
emen
ts in
the
52 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
the
frequ
ency
is in
crea
sing
. In
exis
ting
citie
s, th
e dr
aina
ge
capa
city
of t
he se
wer
syst
em m
ust b
e im
prov
ed to
pre
vent
m
ajor
wat
er lo
ggin
g.
drai
nage
cap
acity
of t
he m
ajor
citi
es
- De
sign
and
inve
st in
impr
ovem
ents
in th
e dr
aina
ge c
apac
ity o
f sel
ecte
d to
wns
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of L
ocal
Go
vern
men
t and
Rur
al D
evel
opm
ent w
ith th
e Lo
cal G
over
nmen
t Eng
inee
ring
Depa
rtm
ent,
Dhak
a W
ASA,
Cha
ttogr
am W
ASA
0305
Ad
apta
tion
agai
nst f
lood
s 70
%
Key
obje
ctiv
e is
to m
ake
flood
pro
ne a
reas
mor
e re
silie
nt.
One
of t
he m
ain
impa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge w
ill b
e th
e in
crea
sed
frequ
ency
and
inte
nsity
(dur
atio
n an
d le
vel)
of fl
oods
. Th
e flo
ods i
n 19
95, 1
998,
200
0, 2
004
and
2007
eith
er e
xcee
ded
the
prev
ious
hig
hest
wat
er le
vel o
r ros
e ve
ry c
lose
to su
ch
leve
ls.
In v
iew
of t
his,
hyd
rolo
gica
l mod
ellin
g of
the
Brah
map
utra
-Ga
nges
-Meg
hna
basi
n, fo
r diff
eren
t clim
ate
chan
ge sc
enar
ios i
s ne
eded
to e
stim
ate
futu
re ri
ver f
low
s and
floo
d ris
ks. B
ased
on
thes
e da
ta, a
pla
n to
upg
rade
stru
ctur
al m
easu
res a
gain
st li
kely
fu
ture
floo
ds c
an b
e m
ade.
Ke
y no
n-st
ruct
ural
mea
sure
s for
floo
d m
anag
emen
t inc
lude
flo
od p
roof
ing
and
flood
pla
in zo
ning
. Onc
e a
new
floo
d vu
lner
abili
ty m
ap a
nd a
ssoc
iate
d Di
gita
l Ele
vatio
n M
odel
is
deve
lope
d, fl
ood
proo
fing
mea
sure
s may
be
plan
ned,
es
peci
ally
in th
e m
ost v
ulne
rabl
e ar
eas,
incl
udin
g ch
ars.
Floo
d pl
ain
zoni
ng w
ill a
lso
supp
ort s
ettin
g up
of h
igh
valu
e in
frast
ruct
ure
such
as p
ower
stat
ions
and
indu
stria
l uni
ts in
sa
fe lo
catio
ns.
- H
ydro
logi
cal m
odel
ling
of th
e Br
ahm
aput
ra-
Gang
es-M
eghn
a Ba
sin
agai
nst f
utur
e cl
imat
e ch
ange
scen
ario
s to
estim
ate
futu
re fl
ood
leve
ls a
nd ri
sks i
n Ba
ngla
desh
-
Deve
lop
a Fl
ood
Vuln
erab
ility
Map
bas
ed o
n fu
ture
pro
ject
ed c
limat
ic p
aram
eter
s -
Plan
, des
ign
and
cons
truc
t flo
od m
anag
emen
t in
frast
ruct
ure
(em
bank
men
ts a
nd/o
r oth
ers a
s ap
prop
riate
) in
light
of l
ikel
y fu
ture
floo
d le
vels
-
Floo
d Pl
ain
Zoni
ng c
orre
spon
ding
to v
ario
us
leve
ls o
f vul
nera
bilit
y
- Lo
ng te
rm im
prov
emen
t of f
lood
fore
cast
ing
and
war
ning
incl
udin
g in
stal
latio
n of
a
tele
met
ric n
etw
ork
and
wea
ther
and
hy
drol
ogic
al R
ADAR
S, a
nd d
evel
opm
ent o
f Di
gita
l Ele
vatio
n M
odel
s (DE
M)
- Pl
an a
nd im
plem
ent n
on-s
truc
tura
l flo
od-
proo
fing
mea
sure
s -
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of W
ater
Res
ourc
es
and
its a
genc
ies
0306
Ad
apta
tion
agai
nst f
utur
e cy
clon
es a
nd st
orm
-su
rges
72%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
pla
n an
d im
plem
ent a
n in
vest
men
t pr
ogra
mm
e to
ens
ure
that
the
coas
tal a
rea,
incl
udin
g al
l is
land
s, a
dapt
s to
futu
re c
yclo
nes a
nd st
orm
surg
es.
The
entir
e co
asta
l bel
t of B
angl
ades
h is
vul
nera
ble
to c
yclo
nes
and
stor
m su
rges
. To
prot
ect t
he c
oast
al b
elt,
an e
xten
sive
ne
twor
k of
pol
ders
has
alre
ady b
een
cons
truc
ted
in
Bang
lade
sh. H
owev
er, w
ith th
e se
a le
vel r
ises
exp
ecte
d as
a
resu
lt of
clim
ate
chan
ge, t
he h
eigh
ts o
f the
dyk
es w
ill n
eed
to
- An
alys
is o
f met
eoro
logi
cal d
ata
to im
prov
e pr
edic
tions
of c
hang
es in
the
patte
rn o
f cy
clon
ic e
vent
s
- Pl
anni
ng to
upg
rade
exi
stin
g co
asta
l pol
ders
an
d ap
purt
enan
t str
uctu
res i
n th
e co
asta
l re
gion
-
Plan
ning
and
des
igni
ng to
con
stru
ct n
ew
pold
ers i
n th
e co
asta
l bel
t and
isla
nds
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 53
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
be ra
ised
furt
her.
Also
, the
re a
re so
me
addi
tiona
l lan
ds a
nd
smal
l isl
ands
, whi
ch n
eed
to b
e pr
otec
ted
thro
ugh
the
cons
truc
tion
of n
ew p
olde
rs o
r ext
ensi
on o
f exi
stin
g on
es.
With
sea
leve
l ris
e, d
rain
age
cong
estio
n m
ay b
ecom
e a
maj
or
prob
lem
in th
e po
lder
s. Al
so, t
he c
apac
ity o
f the
exi
stin
g sl
uice
s an
d re
gula
tors
may
be
insu
ffici
ent.
The
impo
rtan
ce o
f thi
ck b
elts
of m
angr
oves
in re
duci
ng th
e de
stru
ctiv
e ca
paci
ty o
f sto
rm su
rges
, was
dem
onst
rate
d du
ring
Cycl
one
Sidr
. An
expa
nsio
n of
the
'gre
en b
elts
' wou
ld a
fford
ex
tra
prot
ectio
n an
d in
crea
se li
velih
oods
opp
ortu
nitie
s for
the
poor
. The
pos
sibi
lity
of 'b
uild
ing
with
nat
ure'
to in
crea
se th
e ra
te o
f acc
retio
n w
ill a
lso
be te
sted
and
impl
emen
ted,
whe
re
appr
opria
te.
- Pl
an a
nd d
evel
op c
oast
al g
reen
bel
ts a
s a
mea
sure
aga
inst
stor
m su
rge
-
Repa
ir, m
aint
enan
ce, a
nd c
onst
ruct
ion,
as
appr
opria
te, o
f cyc
lone
shel
ters
for p
rote
ctio
n ag
ains
t sto
rm su
rge
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of W
ater
Res
ourc
es,
Min
istry
of E
nviro
nmen
t & F
ores
t, M
inist
ry o
f Foo
d &
Disa
ster
Man
agem
ent
0307
Pl
anni
ng, d
esig
n an
d co
nstr
uctio
n of
rive
r tr
aini
ng w
orks
48%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
put
in p
lace
effe
ctiv
e riv
er tr
aini
ng w
orks
to
cont
rol r
iver
ban
k er
osio
n.
As a
resu
lt of
clim
ate
chan
ge ri
ver b
ank
eros
ion
is li
kely
to
beco
me
mor
e fre
quen
t. Ri
ver b
ank
eros
ion
has s
ever
e im
pact
s on
the
livel
ihoo
ds o
f affe
cted
peo
ple.
Far
mer
s los
e th
eir
agric
ultu
ral l
and
and
can
beco
me
paup
er’s
over
-nig
ht d
ue to
riv
er e
rosi
on. I
n vi
ew o
f thi
s, ri
ver t
rain
ing
wor
ks sh
ould
be
take
n up
in a
n or
gani
zed
and
com
preh
ensi
ve fa
shio
n, a
s par
t of
a lo
ng te
rm p
rogr
amm
e.
Seve
ral c
ompo
nent
s of t
he F
lood
Act
ion
Plan
focu
sed
on ri
ver
trai
ning
wor
ks. L
esso
ns le
arnt
from
thes
e ac
tiviti
es a
nd
expe
rienc
e of
rive
r tra
inin
g w
orks
at t
he H
ardi
nge
Brid
ge a
nd
the
Jam
una
Brid
ge m
ay p
rovi
de g
uide
lines
for e
ffect
ive,
du
rabl
e an
d su
stai
nabl
e riv
er tr
aini
ng w
orks
. Hyd
ro-d
ynam
ic
mod
ellin
g ex
erci
ses w
ill a
ssis
t us i
n es
tabl
ishi
ng th
e co
sts
of
river
trai
ning
that
may
resu
lt fro
m c
limat
e ch
ange
.
- Id
entif
icat
ion
of e
rosi
on p
rone
are
as in
clud
ing
mon
itorin
g m
echa
nism
s and
run
phys
ical
and
hy
dro-
dyna
mic
mod
ellin
g
- De
sign
of r
iver
trai
ning
pro
gram
me
and
proj
ects
-
Exec
utio
n of
rive
r tra
inin
g w
orks
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of W
ater
Res
ourc
es
with
supp
ort f
rom
IWM
, IW
FM, C
EGIS
, WAR
PO a
nd
RRI
0308
Pl
anni
ng, d
esig
n an
d im
plem
enta
tion
of
resu
scita
tion
of th
e ne
twor
k of
rive
rs a
nd
khal
s thr
ough
dre
dgin
g an
d de
-sal
utat
ions
wor
k
68%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
revi
ve th
e ne
twor
ks o
f riv
ers a
nd c
anal
s of
the
coun
try
to im
prov
e th
e na
tura
l dra
inag
e an
d w
ater
re
tent
ion
capa
city
dur
ing
dry
seas
on.
Due
to c
limat
e ch
ange
hug
e ra
infa
ll w
ithin
shor
t dur
atio
n ar
e lik
ely
to in
crea
se. T
his w
ould
resu
lt in
soil
eros
ion
from
w
ater
shed
s. T
his w
ill a
dd to
sedi
men
t loa
ds a
nd g
et d
epos
ited
- Pr
epar
atio
n of
Riv
er R
esus
cita
tion
Mas
ter P
lan
on th
e U
pazi
la D
evel
opm
ent P
lan
and
iden
tific
atio
n of
prio
rity
geog
raph
ic a
reas
-
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
rive
r de-
silta
tion
plan
in a
ph
ased
app
roac
h -
Deve
lopm
ent o
f a p
artic
ipat
ory
oper
atio
n an
d
54 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
into
the
river
and
can
al b
eds a
nd si
lted
up. T
his m
ay b
e ac
com
plis
hed
by c
omm
erci
al d
redg
ing
wor
k fo
r big
rive
rs.
Whe
re th
e ca
nals
are
smal
l, m
anua
l lab
our w
ill b
e a
viab
le
alte
rnat
ive.
Re
susc
itatio
n of
the
river
s will
hel
p in
effe
ctiv
e dr
aina
ge o
f the
m
onso
on g
ener
ated
run-
off.
At th
e sa
me
time
surfa
ce w
ater
will
be
ava
ilabl
e as
a so
urce
of w
ater
for s
uppl
emen
tary
irrig
atio
n.
This
will
als
o su
ppor
t the
fish
mig
ratio
n du
ring
the
spaw
ning
se
ason
, sup
port
nav
igat
ion
and
assi
st su
rviv
al o
f loc
al
ecos
yste
m.
The
proc
ess o
f de-
silta
tion
of sm
all c
anal
s can
be
linke
d up
w
ith v
ulne
rabl
e gr
oup
feed
ing
and
relie
f typ
e ac
tiviti
es th
at a
re
carr
ied
out a
cros
s the
cou
ntry
alm
ost e
very
yea
r.
man
agem
ent p
lan
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of W
ater
Res
ourc
es,
Bang
lade
sh W
ater
Dev
elop
men
t Boa
rd, M
inist
ry
of L
ocal
Gov
ernm
ent,
Rura
l Dev
elop
men
t and
Co
oper
ativ
e th
roug
h Un
ion
Paris
had,
Min
istry
of
Disa
ster
Man
agem
ent a
nd R
elie
f, an
d Lo
cal
Adm
inist
ratio
n
04
Rese
arch
and
kno
wle
dge
man
agem
ent
Rese
arch
will
be
unde
rtak
en to
est
imat
e th
e lik
ely
scal
e an
d tim
ing
of c
limat
e ch
ange
impa
cts o
n di
ffere
nt se
ctor
s of t
he e
cono
my,
to in
form
pla
nnin
g of
futu
re
inve
stm
ent s
trat
egie
s. W
e w
ill a
lso
ensu
re th
at B
angl
ades
h is
effe
ctiv
ely
linke
d to
regi
onal
and
nat
iona
l kno
wle
dge
netw
orks
, so
that
Ban
glad
eshi
org
aniz
atio
ns
and
the
gene
ral p
ublic
are
aw
are
of th
e la
test
rese
arch
, les
sons
and
tech
nolo
gies
ava
ilabl
e in
oth
er c
ount
ries.
Und
er th
is th
eme
the
Gove
rnm
ent w
ill:
- M
odel
clim
ate
chan
ge sc
enar
ios f
or B
angl
ades
h by
app
lyin
g gl
obal
clim
ate
chan
ge m
odel
s and
met
hodo
logi
es a
t reg
iona
l and
nat
iona
l lev
els
- M
odel
the
likel
y hy
drol
ogic
al im
pact
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
on
the
Gang
es-B
rahm
aput
ra-M
eghn
a sy
stem
to a
sses
s lik
ely
futu
re sy
stem
dis
char
ges a
nd ri
ver
leve
ls in
ord
er to
der
ive
desi
gn c
riter
ia fo
r flo
od p
rote
ctio
n em
bank
men
ts
- M
onito
r and
rese
arch
the
impa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge o
n ec
osys
tem
s and
bio
dive
rsity
-
Rese
arch
the
likel
y im
pact
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
on
the
mac
ro-e
cono
my
of B
angl
ades
h (a
Ban
glad
esh
'Ste
rn R
epor
t') a
nd k
ey se
ctor
s (e.
g., l
ivel
ihoo
ds a
nd
food
secu
rity)
and
con
trib
ute
to d
evel
opin
g a
clim
ate-
proo
f nat
iona
l dev
elop
men
t pla
n
- Re
sear
ch th
e lin
kage
s bet
wee
n (a
) clim
ate
chan
ge, p
over
ty a
nd vu
lner
abili
ty a
nd (b
) clim
ate
chan
ge, p
over
ty a
nd h
ealth
(dis
ease
inci
denc
e, n
utrit
ion,
w
ater
, san
itatio
n) in
ord
er to
iden
tify p
ossi
ble
inte
rven
tions
to in
crea
se th
e re
silie
nce
of p
oor a
nd v
ulne
rabl
e ho
useh
olds
to c
limat
e ch
ange
-
Esta
blis
h a
Cent
re fo
r Res
earc
h an
d Kn
owle
dge
Man
agem
ent o
n Cl
imat
e Ch
ange
(or a
net
wor
k of
cen
tres
) to
ensu
re B
angl
ades
h ha
s acc
ess t
o th
e la
test
id
eas a
nd te
chno
logi
es fr
om a
roun
d th
e w
orld
, and
ens
ure
that
dat
a is
wid
ely
and
freel
y av
aila
ble
to re
sear
cher
s 04
01
Esta
blis
hmen
t of a
cen
tre
for r
esea
rch,
kno
wle
dge
man
agem
ent a
nd tr
aini
ng
on c
limat
e ch
ange
70%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
incr
ease
inst
itutio
nal a
nd h
uman
cap
acity
on
rese
arch
and
kno
wle
dge
man
agem
ent r
elat
ed to
clim
ate
chan
ge, a
nd to
trai
n se
ctor
pro
fess
iona
ls.
Alth
ough
Ban
glad
esh
has b
een
in th
e fo
refro
nt o
f aw
aren
ess
rais
ing
on a
dapt
atio
n an
d on
-the-
grou
nd a
dapt
atio
n re
sear
ch,
the
know
ledg
e an
d in
form
atio
n ge
nera
ted
rem
ains
scat
tere
d. A
co
mpr
ehen
sive
mov
e to
war
ds a
dapt
atio
n an
d m
itiga
tion
- Es
tabl
ish
cent
ers a
nd/o
r net
wor
ks fo
r res
earc
h on
clim
ate
chan
ge a
nd c
limat
e ch
ange
impa
cts
and
thei
r man
agem
ent
- Es
tabl
ish
a vi
rtua
l tec
hnol
ogy
bank
-
Deve
lop
and
mai
ntai
n a
dyna
mic
web
por
tal
- De
velo
p tr
aini
ng p
rogr
amm
es fo
r hig
h an
d m
id-
leve
l offi
cial
s of t
he G
over
nmen
t, N
GOs a
nd
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 55
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
supp
orte
d by
tech
nolo
gy tr
ansf
er a
nd fi
nanc
ial f
low
s (as
en
visa
ged
in th
e BC
CSAP
) req
uire
s an
up-g
rade
d sy
stem
of
know
ledg
e cr
eatio
n, d
isse
min
atio
n an
d tra
inin
g.
a m
ore
urge
nt n
eed
is to
set u
p a
cent
re o
r net
wor
k of
in
stitu
tions
to b
e (a
) a so
urce
of a
ll av
aila
ble
natio
nal
info
rmat
ion,
repo
rts a
nd k
now
ledg
e, a
nd (b
) a v
irtua
l te
chno
logy
ban
k, in
clud
ing
on fi
nanc
ial m
echa
nism
s rel
ated
to
both
ada
ptat
ion
and
miti
gatio
n. It
wou
ld a
lso
trac
k an
d pr
ovid
e in
form
atio
n on
the
stat
e of
clim
ate
chan
ge n
egot
iatio
ns. T
he
Cent
re w
ould
als
o ar
rang
e fo
r tra
inin
g pr
ogra
mm
es o
n is
sues
re
late
d to
ada
ptat
ion
and
miti
gatio
n an
d w
ould
supp
ort
activ
ities
in c
olla
bora
tion
with
uni
vers
ities
, res
earc
h ce
ntre
s an
d ot
her a
genc
ies.
priv
ate
orga
nisa
tions
/ass
ocia
tions
and
pro
vide
tr
aini
ng in
col
labo
ratio
n w
ith re
sear
ch c
entr
es
and
univ
ersi
ties
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of E
nviro
nmen
t and
Fo
rest
s, re
sear
ch o
rgan
isatio
ns, u
nive
rsiti
es
0402
Cl
imat
e Ch
ange
Mod
elin
g at
Nat
iona
l and
sub-
natio
nal l
evel
s
90%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
dev
elop
, mai
ntai
n an
d up
date
a d
etai
led
and
oper
atio
nal G
ener
al C
ircul
atio
n M
odel
(GCM
) for
Ban
glad
esh.
In
ord
er to
gen
erat
e m
ore
prec
ise
clim
ate
chan
ge sc
enar
ios f
or
Bang
lade
sh, i
t is n
eces
sary
to d
evel
op a
ppro
pria
te G
CM
mod
els.
The
se m
odel
s sho
uld
be c
alib
rate
d do
wn
to d
istr
ict
and
sub-
dist
rict l
evel
s and
team
s of s
peci
alis
ts sh
ould
be
able
to
wor
k on
sele
cted
mod
el/m
odel
s, to
sim
ulat
e fu
ture
co
nditi
ons u
nder
diff
eren
t sce
nario
s and
ass
umpt
ions
. The
m
odel
s wou
ld u
se sm
all g
rids t
o pr
edic
t clim
ate
chan
ge
scen
ario
s with
incr
easi
ng p
reci
sion
.
- Bu
ild c
apac
ity fo
r con
stru
ctio
n of
GCM
mod
els
with
smal
l grid
s -
Cons
truc
t app
ropr
iate
GCM
mod
els w
ith sm
all
grid
s to
obta
in re
gion
al v
aria
tions
in w
eath
er
and
build
ing
capa
city
to o
pera
te a
nd u
pdat
e th
em
- Co
llect
add
ition
al fi
eld
data
for e
ffect
ive
use
of
the
calib
rate
d m
odel
s to
pred
ict f
utur
e cl
imat
e ch
ange
-
Link
up
regi
onal
clim
ate
chan
ge m
odel
s to
gene
rate
bet
ter b
ound
ary c
ondi
tions
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e Ba
ngla
desh
Met
eoro
logi
cal
Depa
rtmen
t, Un
iver
sitie
s, re
sear
ch
orga
nisa
tions
, FFW
C 04
03
Prep
arat
ory
stud
ies f
or
Adap
tatio
n ag
ains
t sea
le
vel r
ise
and
its im
pact
s
84%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
con
duct
pre
para
tory
stud
ies f
or a
dapt
atio
n ag
ains
t sea
leve
l ris
e (S
LR) a
nd it
s im
pact
s. Th
e se
a le
vel r
ise
thre
aten
s the
low
-lyin
g co
asta
l bel
t and
smal
l is
land
s. M
uch
of o
ur c
oast
is p
rote
cted
with
4 to
5-m
eter
-hig
h dy
kes a
nd w
ill b
e fu
rthe
r pro
tect
ed w
ith a
dditi
onal
pla
nned
po
lder
s. T
he m
ain
impa
cts o
f SLR
wou
ld b
e:
- sa
linity
ingr
ess c
ausi
ng th
e riv
ers i
n th
e co
asta
l bel
t to
- Se
tting
up
data
col
lect
ion
netw
ork
stat
ions
to
mon
itor s
ea le
vel r
ises
and
salin
ity a
long
with
ot
her a
ppro
pria
te h
ydro
-met
eoro
logi
cal d
ata
-
Mod
ellin
g th
e in
unda
tion
and
salin
ity im
pact
s of
SLR
by
spec
ific
time
lines
-
Mod
ellin
g an
d pr
edic
ting
the
soci
o-ec
onom
ic
and
heal
th im
pact
s of S
LR
56 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
beco
me
brac
kish
or s
alin
e. T
his w
ould
hav
e se
rious
im
pact
s on
prod
uctio
n of
food
gra
ins
- ris
es in
rive
r lev
els,
whi
ch w
ould
impe
de d
rain
age
from
pol
ders
, res
ultin
g in
wat
er lo
ggin
g, w
hich
wou
ld
also
adv
erse
ly a
ffect
agr
icul
ture
Cu
rren
tly, t
here
is n
o da
ta c
olle
ctio
n pr
ogra
mm
e to
mon
itor
SLR.
Sin
ce w
ater
leve
ls in
the
Meg
hna
estu
ary
can
rise
due
to
mon
soon
win
ds b
y m
ore
than
1.5
met
ers,
est
imat
ing
the
SLR
resu
lting
from
glo
bal w
arm
ing
will
be
com
plex
. How
ever
, the
ta
sk sh
ould
be
take
n up
urg
ently
.
- Pl
anni
ng in
dust
rial r
eloc
atio
n, ta
king
acc
ount
of
priv
ate
and
soci
al c
osts
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inis
tries
of D
efen
ce,
Ship
ping
, Agr
icul
ture
, Ind
ustri
es a
nd E
nerg
y an
d Po
wer
0404
M
onito
ring
of E
co sy
stem
an
d Bi
o- d
iver
sity
cha
nges
an
d th
eir i
mpa
cts
40%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
enh
ance
und
erst
andi
ng e
cosy
stem
dy
nam
ics a
nd th
eir i
mpl
icat
ions
for b
iodi
vers
ity c
hang
es, a
nd
adap
tatio
n st
rate
gies
. Sa
linity
leve
ls a
re a
lso
likel
y to
incr
ease
sign
ifica
ntly
in th
e co
asta
l bel
t. M
angr
ove
ecos
yste
ms w
hich
are
alre
ady
unde
r se
rious
stre
ss fo
r ant
hrop
ogen
ic re
ason
s will
suffe
r hea
vily
due
to
furt
her i
ncre
ases
in sa
linity
. The
se c
ould
alte
r the
ent
ire
ecos
yste
m o
f the
Sun
darb
ans a
nd c
ause
the
extin
ctio
n of
som
e sp
ecie
s.
In v
iew
of t
hese
exp
ecte
d ch
ange
s, a
syst
emat
ic m
onito
ring
mec
hani
sm sh
ould
be
put i
n pl
ace
to a
sses
s the
impa
ct o
f cl
imat
e ch
ange
on
ecos
yste
ms a
nd b
io-d
iver
sity
. Thi
s wou
ld
invo
lve
trai
ning
of r
esea
rche
rs a
nd m
onito
rs a
nd d
evel
op a
m
onito
ring
syst
em c
over
ing
all m
ajor
eco
syst
ems.
A
part
icip
ator
y im
pact
mon
itorin
g m
echa
nism
invo
lvin
g co
mm
uniti
es a
nd a
cade
mic
exp
erts
will
be
desi
gned
. Per
tinen
t ph
ysic
al, c
hem
ical
and
bio
logi
cal d
ata
will
als
o be
col
lect
ed.
The
chan
ges t
hat t
ake
plac
e in
live
lihoo
d pa
ttern
s due
to
ecol
ogic
al a
nd b
iodi
vers
ity c
hang
es w
ill a
lso
be a
sses
sed
and
polic
y re
com
men
datio
ns a
nd a
ppro
pria
te a
ctio
ns su
gges
ted.
- Se
t up
a w
ell-d
esig
ned
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
to
eval
uate
cha
nges
in e
cosy
stem
and
bi
odiv
ersi
ty, c
over
ing
all i
mpo
rtan
t and
se
nsiti
ve e
cosy
stem
s
- De
velo
p pa
rtic
ipat
ory
mon
itorin
g sy
stem
s by
invo
lvin
g lo
cal t
rain
ed p
eopl
e su
ch a
s sch
ool
teac
hers
, com
mun
ities
and
aca
dem
ic
rese
arch
ers
- Re
port
cha
nges
in e
cosy
stem
s and
bio
dive
rsity
an
d as
ses t
he im
plic
atio
ns, i
nclu
ding
thos
e fo
r th
e liv
elih
oods
of l
ocal
peo
ple,
and
re
com
men
d ad
apta
tion
mea
sure
s
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inis
try o
f Env
ironm
ent a
nd
Fore
sts,
Min
istry
of A
gric
ultu
re, M
inist
ry o
f Hea
lth,
Min
istry
of F
isher
ies a
nd L
ives
tock
0405
M
acro
econ
omic
and
se
ctor
al e
cono
mic
im
pact
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
83%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
iden
tify
likel
y m
acro
econ
omic
and
sect
oral
im
pact
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
and
pla
n ad
apta
tion
and
miti
gatio
n st
rate
gies
. Ba
ngla
desh
has
bee
n ex
perie
ncin
g st
rong
eco
nom
ic g
row
th in
re
cent
yea
rs a
nd is
on
track
to b
ecom
e a
mid
dle-
inco
me
- Ev
alua
te th
e im
pact
of c
limat
e ch
ange
on
the
mac
roec
onom
y of
Ban
glad
esh
incl
udin
g im
pact
s on
grow
th, e
mpl
oym
ent,
trad
e pa
ttern
s, in
flatio
n, b
alan
ce o
f tra
de (a
Ba
ngla
desh
Ste
rn R
epor
t)
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 57
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
coun
try
by 2
020.
It is
impo
rtan
t tha
t we
unde
rsta
nd th
e im
pact
s th
at c
limat
e ch
ange
will
hav
e on
(a) m
acro
-eco
nom
ic g
row
th
and
stab
ility
; (b)
diff
eren
t sec
tors
of t
he e
cono
my,
and
(c)
diffe
rent
regi
ons a
nd so
cio-
econ
omic
gro
ups,
in th
e sh
ort,
med
ium
and
long
term
s Thi
s pro
gram
me
will
eva
luat
e th
e im
pact
of c
limat
e ch
ange
on
the
mac
ro e
cono
my
and
carr
y ou
t se
ctor
-by-
sect
or a
naly
ses.
Oth
er st
udie
s will
ass
ess t
he
econ
omic
and
soci
al im
pact
on
the
poor
in v
ulne
rabl
e lo
catio
ns
and
on v
ulne
rabl
e gr
oups
in so
ciet
y, in
clud
ing
wom
en a
nd
child
ren.
Wom
en a
nd c
hild
ren
are
expe
cted
to b
e m
ore
adve
rsel
y af
fect
ed b
y cl
imat
e ch
ange
than
men
and
the
anal
yses
will
use
gen
der-
disa
ggre
gate
d da
ta w
here
pos
sibl
e.
- Se
ctor
al e
cono
mic
impa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge
for m
ajor
sect
ors s
uch
as a
gric
ultu
re, i
ndus
try,
se
rvic
es, h
ealth
, tra
nspo
rt a
nd fi
nanc
ial
serv
ices
such
as i
nsur
ance
-
Asse
ss th
e im
pact
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
on
pove
rty
and
on p
eopl
e liv
ing
in v
ulne
rabl
e ar
eas s
uch
as, c
oast
al p
lain
and
isla
nds,
low
-ly
ing
flood
plai
ns, u
plan
d ar
eas a
nd -p
rone
ar
eas
- As
sess
men
t of c
limat
e ch
ange
and
its i
mpa
cts
on o
ut-m
igra
tion
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inis
try o
f Fin
ance
, sec
tora
l m
inis
tries
, Min
istry
of W
omen
Affa
irs, M
inist
ry o
f So
cial
Wel
fare
, Min
istry
of C
hatto
gram
Hill
Tr
acts
, Uni
vers
ities
, Res
earc
h O
rgan
isatio
ns
0406
M
onito
ring
of In
tern
al a
nd
Exte
rnal
Mig
ratio
n an
d pr
ovid
ing
supp
ort o
f ca
paci
ty b
uild
ing
for
reha
bilit
atio
n
48%
It
is n
ow e
vide
nt th
at p
opul
atio
n in
man
y pa
rts o
f the
cou
ntry
w
ill b
e so
adv
erse
ly a
ffect
ed th
at th
ey w
ill h
ave
to m
ove
out.
The
area
s tha
t will
suffe
r fro
m m
ajor
impa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge
will
lose
in li
velih
ood
oppo
rtun
ities
and
face
redu
ctio
n in
pr
oduc
tivity
in a
gric
ultu
re se
ctor
. The
wor
st a
ffect
ed a
reas
will
be
the
coas
tal b
elt o
f the
cou
ntry
. The
regi
on w
ould
be
impa
cted
by
sea
leve
l ris
e an
d co
uld
drow
n un
prot
ecte
d lo
w-
lyin
g ar
eas.
The
wat
er in
the
who
le c
oast
al b
elt w
ill b
ecom
e sa
line
as th
e le
vel o
f sea
rise
s gra
dual
ly. I
ncre
ase
of fr
eque
ncy
of c
yclo
nic
wea
ther
will
impa
ct li
velih
oods
of f
ishe
rmen
. Peo
ple
will
be
forc
ed to
mov
e ou
t to
area
s in
sear
ch o
f saf
ety
and
livel
ihoo
d.
Anot
her i
mpa
ct o
f clim
ate
chan
ge w
ill b
e in
the
form
of i
ncre
ase
in ri
ver b
ank
eros
ion.
Thi
s will
als
o pu
sh p
eopl
e ou
t of t
heir
orig
inal
settl
emen
ts. T
he p
roce
ss o
f mig
ratio
n of
clim
ate
chan
ge a
ffect
ed p
eopl
e ne
ed to
be
mon
itore
d cl
osel
y. A
ttem
pt
shou
ld b
e m
ade
to p
rovi
de sa
fety
aga
inst
food
secu
rity
and
loss
of
land
from
subm
erge
nce.
How
ever
, soo
n su
ch e
ffort
s may
no
long
er b
e ab
le to
con
tain
peo
ple
in th
e vu
lner
able
loca
tions
- De
velo
pmen
t of a
mon
itorin
g m
echa
nism
of
inte
rnal
and
ext
erna
l mig
ratio
n
- De
velo
pmen
t of p
roto
col t
o pr
ovid
e ad
equa
te
supp
ort f
or th
eir r
eset
tlem
ent a
nd
reha
bilit
atio
n -
Build
ing
of c
apac
ity th
roug
h ed
ucat
ion
and
trai
ning
to fa
cilit
ate
thei
r re-
settl
emen
t in
new
en
viro
nmen
t
- M
ostly
rele
vant
for t
he M
inist
ry o
f Env
ironm
ent
and
Fore
sts,
Min
istry
of H
ome
Affa
irs, a
nd
Min
istry
of L
ocal
Gov
ernm
ent,
Rura
l De
velo
pmen
t and
Coo
pera
tive
58 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
and
actu
al m
ovem
ents
of a
ffect
ed p
eopl
e w
ill st
art.
0407
M
onito
ring
of im
pact
for
man
agem
ent o
f Tou
rism
an
d im
prov
emen
t of
prio
rity
actio
n pl
an
32%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
impr
ove
adap
tatio
n to
clim
ate
chan
ge in
the
tour
ism
sect
or.
Bang
lade
sh h
as m
ajor
pot
entia
l for
bot
h co
mm
erci
al to
uris
m
and
ecot
ouris
m. C
omm
erci
al to
uris
m is
not
fully
dev
elop
ed.
Ecot
ouris
m is
in th
e gr
owth
pat
h. S
unda
rban
s and
cox
’s b
azaa
r ar
e th
e m
ajor
tour
ism
site
s. T
he n
atur
al b
eaut
y of
the
coas
tal
isla
nds,
hill
s, a
re st
ill n
ot fu
lly e
xplo
red.
But
the
sea
leve
l ris
e,
flood
s, d
roug
hts a
re li
kely
to im
pact
thes
e si
tes.
To
uris
m se
ctor
mus
t mak
e ef
fort
to m
inim
ize
adve
rse
impa
cts
of c
limat
e ch
ange
thro
ugh
poss
ible
redu
ctio
n in
gre
enho
use
gase
s em
issi
on.
- As
sess
men
t of p
roba
ble
impa
ct o
f clim
ate
chan
ge o
n al
l typ
es o
f tou
rism
in B
angl
ades
h -
Prep
arat
ion
of c
limat
e ch
ange
resp
onse
pr
ogra
mm
e fo
r tou
rism
impr
ovem
ent a
nd
impl
emen
tatio
n of
prio
rity
reco
mm
enda
tions
.
- M
ainl
y re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of C
ivil
Avia
tion
and
Tour
ism, M
inist
ry o
f Env
ironm
ent a
nd
Fore
sts,
Depa
rtm
ent o
f for
ests
, Par
jata
n Co
rpor
atio
n, P
rivat
e Or
gani
zatio
ns
05
Miti
gatio
n an
d Lo
w C
arbo
n D
evel
opm
ent
Even
thou
gh B
angl
ades
h's c
ontr
ibut
ion
to th
e ge
nera
tion
of g
reen
hous
e ga
ses i
s ver
y lo
w, w
e w
ish
to p
lay
our p
art i
n re
duci
ng e
mis
sion
s now
and
in th
e fu
ture
. U
nder
this
them
e th
e go
vern
men
t will
: -
Deve
lop
a st
rate
gic
ener
gy p
lan
and
inve
stm
ent p
ortfo
lio to
ens
ure
natio
nal e
nerg
y se
curit
y an
d lo
wer
gre
enho
use
gas e
mis
sion
s -
Expa
nd th
e so
cial
fore
stry
pro
gram
me
on g
over
nmen
t and
com
mun
ity la
nds t
hrou
ghou
t the
cou
ntry
-
Expa
nd th
e 'g
reen
belt'
coa
stal
affo
rest
atio
n pr
ogra
mm
e w
ith m
angr
ove
plan
ting
alon
g th
e sh
orel
ine
-
Seek
the
tran
sfer
of s
tate
-of t
he a
rt te
chno
logi
es fr
om d
evel
oped
cou
ntrie
s to
ensu
re th
at w
e fo
llow
a lo
w-c
arbo
n gr
owth
pat
h (e
.g.,
'cle
an c
oal'
and
othe
r tec
hnol
ogie
s)
- Re
view
ene
rgy
and
tech
nolo
gy p
olic
ies a
nd in
cent
ives
and
revi
se th
ese,
whe
re n
eces
sary
, to
prom
ote
effic
ient
pro
duct
ion,
con
sum
ptio
n, d
istr
ibut
ion
and
use
of e
nerg
y 05
01
Impr
oved
Ene
rgy
effic
ienc
y 69
%
Key
obje
ctiv
e is
to im
prov
e en
ergy
effi
cien
cy in
pro
duct
ion
and
cons
umpt
ion
of e
nerg
y.
Bang
lade
sh is
an
ener
gy-in
effic
ient
cou
ntry
. We
shou
ld c
aref
ully
as
sess
how
we
can
beco
me
mor
e ef
ficie
nt in
pro
duci
ng a
nd
cons
umin
g en
ergy
. Thi
s will
invo
lve
iden
tifyi
ng a
ny te
chni
cal,
econ
omic
or r
egul
ator
y/ p
olic
y co
nstr
aint
s to
help
impr
ove
perfo
rman
ce a
nd to
lear
n ho
w th
ese
cons
trai
nts c
an b
e ov
erco
me.
Impr
ovin
g ou
r effi
cien
cy m
ay re
quire
the
use
of n
ew
tech
nolo
gies
whi
ch c
ould
be
cost
ly a
nd w
ill th
us n
eed
addi
tiona
l fin
anci
al re
sour
ces.
It w
ill b
e im
port
ant t
o ta
ke a
med
ium
to lo
ng-te
rm v
iew
in
anal
yzin
g al
tern
ativ
e in
vest
men
ts si
nce,
onc
e in
vest
men
ts a
re
- St
udy
the
futu
re e
nerg
y ne
eds o
f the
cou
ntry
an
d fin
d ou
t the
leas
t cos
t ene
rgy
supp
ly p
ath
that
satis
fies f
utur
e en
ergy
dem
and
base
d on
th
e de
sire
d gr
owth
pat
h of
the
econ
omy
-
Rais
e en
ergy
effi
cien
cy in
pow
er p
rodu
ctio
n,
tran
smis
sion
and
dis
trib
utio
n th
roug
h ap
prop
riate
inve
stm
ents
-
Rais
e en
ergy
effi
cien
cy in
agr
icul
tura
l and
in
dust
rial p
roce
sses
thro
ugh
appr
opria
te
polic
ies a
nd in
vest
men
ts
- Ra
ise
ener
gy e
ffici
ency
in d
omes
tic a
nd
com
mer
cial
/ser
vice
sect
ors t
hrou
gh
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 59
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
mad
e, it
wou
ld b
e ex
pens
ive
to c
hang
e th
em.
appr
opria
te p
olic
ies a
nd in
vest
men
ts
- Ra
ise
ener
gy e
ffici
ency
in tr
ansp
ort s
ecto
r th
roug
h ap
prop
riate
pol
icie
s and
inve
stm
ents
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inis
try o
f Pow
er &
Ene
rgy,
M
inis
try o
f Ind
ustry
, Min
istry
of A
gric
ultu
re,
Min
istry
of T
rans
port,
Min
istry
of F
inan
ce,
Univ
ersit
ies a
nd R
esea
rch
Org
aniza
tions
05
02
Gas E
xplo
ratio
n an
d re
serv
oir m
anag
emen
t 28
%
Key
obje
ctiv
e is
to e
nhan
ce e
nerg
y se
curit
y an
d en
sure
low
-em
issi
on d
evel
opm
ent.
Bang
lade
sh h
as m
odes
t res
erve
s of n
atur
al g
as. K
now
n re
serv
es a
re e
xpec
ted
to b
e us
ed u
p in
abo
ut a
dec
ade.
Fur
ther
ga
s exp
lora
tion
is p
ossi
ble.
Fin
ding
new
gas
rese
rves
wou
ld
incr
ease
the
coun
try'
s ene
rgy
secu
rity
and
may
mak
e it
poss
ible
to
rem
ain
on a
low
car
bon
grow
th p
ath
beca
use
natu
ral g
as is
th
e cl
eane
st o
f all
foss
il fu
els i
n te
rms o
f CO
2 em
issi
on.
Alth
ough
ther
e is
cur
rent
ly a
gas
shor
tage
, res
erve
s in
exis
ting
gas-
field
s cou
ld b
e hi
gher
than
cur
rent
est
imat
es. T
here
is a
n ur
gent
nee
d to
impr
ove
rese
rvoi
r man
agem
ent,
alth
ough
the
data
to d
o th
is is
lim
ited.
Col
lect
ing
and
anal
yzin
g su
ch d
ata
coul
d le
ad to
the
disc
over
y of
incr
ease
d re
serv
es o
f gas
in
exis
ting
wel
ls o
r in
thei
r env
irons
. The
refo
re, b
oth
expl
orat
ion
and
rese
rvoi
r man
agem
ent c
ould
lead
to su
bsta
ntia
l inc
reas
es
in su
pplie
s of g
as.
- In
vest
in g
as e
xplo
ratio
n
- In
vest
in re
serv
oir m
anag
emen
t -
Use
of g
as a
s an
effic
ient
ene
rgy
over
foss
il fu
el
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of P
ower
and
En
ergy
0503
De
velo
pmen
t of c
oal
min
es a
nd c
oal f
ired
pow
er st
atio
n
12%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
Max
imiz
e co
al o
utpu
t and
man
agin
g co
al
fired
pow
er st
atio
ns in
a c
arbo
n-ne
utra
l way
. Ba
ngla
desh
is g
eolo
gica
lly o
ne o
f the
leas
t exp
lore
d co
untr
ies.
H
owev
er, t
he e
xplo
ratio
n th
at h
as ta
ken
plac
e, in
dica
tes t
hat
ther
e m
ay b
e su
bsta
ntia
l am
ount
s of c
oal a
t sha
llow
dep
ths i
n so
me
part
s of t
he c
ount
ry.
Ther
e ar
e th
ree
cons
ider
atio
ns re
late
d to
coa
l min
ing
and
its
use
for p
ower
gen
erat
ion.
Firs
tly, i
f ope
n pi
t min
ing
is u
sed,
coa
l be
d m
etha
ne m
ay e
scap
e in
to th
e at
mos
pher
e. T
o av
oid
this
, th
e m
etha
ne sh
ould
be
first
cap
ture
d an
d liq
uefie
d fo
r su
bseq
uent
con
sum
ptio
n. S
econ
dly,
to a
void
hig
h ca
rbon
- Re
view
coa
l min
ing
met
hods
and
und
erta
ke a
fe
asib
ility
stud
y to
ass
ess t
he te
chni
cal,
econ
omic
, soc
ial a
nd e
nviro
nmen
tal f
easi
bilit
y of
coa
l min
ing
for p
ower
gen
erat
ion
(incl
udin
g fa
ctor
s suc
h as
how
to c
aptu
re c
oal b
ed
met
hane
) -
If th
e fe
asib
ility
stud
y is
pos
itive
, inv
est i
n co
al
min
ing
and
coal
-fire
d po
wer
gen
erat
ion
plan
ts
usin
g cl
ean
coal
tech
nolo
gy
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of P
ower
and
60 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
emis
sion
s, B
angl
ades
h w
ould
nee
d to
inve
st in
'cle
an c
oal
tech
nolo
gy' f
or p
ower
gen
erat
ion.
Suc
h te
chno
logy
is n
ot
chea
p an
d w
ould
hav
e to
be
impo
rted
. Thi
rdly
, coa
l min
ing
has
envi
ronm
enta
l and
soci
al c
osts
, whi
ch w
ould
hav
e to
be
care
fully
con
side
red.
Ener
gy
0504
Re
new
able
/Alte
rnat
e en
ergy
dev
elop
men
t 81
%
Key
obje
ctiv
e is
to m
axim
ize
the
use
of re
new
able
ene
rgy
sour
ces t
o lo
wer
GH
G em
issi
on a
nd e
nsur
ing
ener
gy se
curit
y. Th
e sc
ope
for d
evel
opin
g re
new
able
ene
rgy
supp
lies (
e.g.
, sol
ar,
win
d, ti
dal,
geot
herm
al a
nd m
oder
n bi
omas
s tec
hnol
ogie
s) h
as
not b
een
expl
ored
wel
l in
Bang
lade
sh. T
here
is so
me
use
of
sola
r pow
er fo
r lim
ited
dom
estic
pur
pose
s. T
he p
oten
tial o
f ha
rves
ting
win
d en
ergy
, tho
ugh
reco
gniz
ed fo
r man
y ye
ars,
has
no
t pro
duce
d ta
ngib
le re
sults
so fa
r. Th
e tid
al ra
nge
of th
e co
asta
l bel
t is c
onsi
dere
d to
be
adeq
uate
for t
he g
ener
atio
n of
tid
al p
ower
. How
ever
, the
re h
as n
ot b
een
any
atte
mpt
to
harv
est s
uch
ener
gy.
Biog
as d
evel
opm
ent r
emai
ns in
its i
nfan
cy. E
ven
the
popu
lariz
atio
n pr
ogra
mm
es fo
r im
prov
ed c
ooki
ng st
oves
, w
hich
save
a lo
t of f
uel w
ood,
hav
e ha
d lim
ited
succ
ess.
Sinc
e re
new
able
tech
nolo
gy fo
r pow
er g
ener
atio
n or
dire
ct u
se is
ca
rbon
-neu
tral o
r nea
rly so
, tec
hnol
ogie
s suc
h as
thes
e sh
ould
be
con
side
red.
- In
vest
men
ts to
scal
e up
sola
r pow
er
prog
ram
mes
-
Rese
arch
and
inve
stm
ent t
o ha
rnes
s win
d en
ergy
, par
ticul
arly
in c
oast
al a
reas
. -
Feas
ibili
ty st
udie
s for
tida
l and
wav
e en
ergy
-
Stud
y of
the
tech
no-e
cono
mic
, soc
ial a
nd
inst
itutio
nal c
onst
rain
ts to
ado
ptio
n of
im
prov
ed b
iom
ass s
tove
s and
oth
er
tech
nolo
gies
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inis
try o
f Pow
er a
nd
Ener
gy; M
inist
ry o
f Env
ironm
ent a
nd F
ores
ts,
priv
ate
entre
pren
eurs
0505
Lo
wer
em
issi
on fr
om
agric
ultu
ral l
and
60%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
rais
e pr
oduc
tivity
of a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
and
low
er e
mis
sion
s of m
etha
ne.
Emis
sion
of g
reen
hous
e ga
ses (
GHGs
) fro
m a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
is a
m
ajor
con
cern
. Wet
agr
icul
tura
l lan
d pr
oduc
es m
etha
ne (C
H4)
. N
itrog
enou
s (N
2) fe
rtili
zers
als
o co
ntrib
ute
to G
HG
emis
sion
. A
maj
or re
ason
for m
etha
ne e
mis
sion
s is t
hat r
ice
field
s are
kep
t co
ntin
uous
ly fl
oode
d, w
hich
scie
ntis
ts n
ow sa
y is
unn
eces
sary
. If
this
is th
e ca
se, m
etha
ne e
mis
sion
s cou
ld b
e re
duce
d, w
ater
us
e ef
ficie
ncy
coul
d be
rais
ed a
nd c
arbo
n di
oxid
e em
issi
ons
from
bur
ning
die
sel,
the
mai
n fu
el fo
r irr
igat
ion,
cou
ld b
e cu
t. Su
ch la
nd u
se p
ract
ices
wou
ld n
eed
to b
e su
ppor
ted
thro
ugh
furt
her o
n-fa
rm re
sear
ch a
nd e
xten
sion
act
iviti
es.
- Su
ppor
t to
rese
arch
and
on-
farm
tria
ls o
f new
w
ater
man
agem
ent t
echn
olog
y on
cro
p (in
clud
ing
rice)
land
-
Supp
ort t
o ag
ricul
tura
l ext
ensi
on se
rvic
e to
po
pula
rise
new
wat
er m
anag
emen
t tec
hniq
ues
for r
ice
prod
uctio
n
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of A
gric
ultu
re,
NARS
and
Agr
icul
tura
l ext
ensi
on se
rvic
es
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 61
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
0506
M
anag
emen
t of u
rban
w
aste
46
%
Key
obje
ctiv
e is
to e
nsur
e liv
able
citi
es w
hile
low
erin
g GH
G (m
etha
ne) e
mis
sion
s.
A m
ajor
por
tion
of th
e ur
ban
was
te o
f Ban
glad
esh
is c
ompo
sed
of o
rgan
ic m
ater
ials
, whi
ch p
rodu
ce m
etha
ne (C
H4)
as t
hey
deco
mpo
se. T
he u
nit c
ontr
ibut
ion
of m
etha
ne to
glo
bal
war
min
g is
muc
h hi
gher
than
that
of c
arbo
n di
oxid
e. M
etha
ne
coul
d be
cap
ture
d fo
r sub
sequ
ent u
se o
r was
te c
ould
be
inci
nera
ted
to p
rodu
ce e
lect
ricity
. Pro
per m
anag
emen
t of
urba
n w
aste
cou
ld th
us b
e an
impo
rtan
t are
a fo
r miti
gatio
n w
hile
ens
urin
g a
clea
ner c
ity. F
urth
erm
ore,
the
low
ered
em
issi
ons c
ould
be
trad
ed in
the
carb
on m
arke
t.
- De
sign
of u
rban
was
te d
umps
so th
at m
etha
ne
can
be c
aptu
red
in a
ll m
ajor
urb
an a
reas
-
Usi
ng C
DM m
echa
nism
to se
t up
smal
l pow
er
plan
ts b
y ca
ptur
ing
the
prod
uced
met
hane
fro
m w
aste
dum
ps
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of L
ocal
Go
vern
men
t, pr
ivat
e en
trepr
eneu
rs
0507
Fo
rest
atio
n an
d re
fore
stat
ion
prog
ram
69
%
Key
obje
ctiv
e is
to p
rovi
de su
ppor
t to
scal
e up
affo
rest
atio
n an
d re
fore
stat
ion.
Fo
rest
ry is
an
impo
rtan
t way
to se
ques
ter c
arbo
n. In
add
ition
, th
e af
fore
stat
ion
and
refo
rest
atio
n of
deg
rade
d la
nd
cont
ribut
es to
food
secu
rity
by p
rovi
ding
frui
ts a
nd o
ther
edi
ble
prod
ucts
; ene
rgy
secu
rity
by p
rovi
ding
fuel
woo
d; li
velih
ood
secu
rity
by e
mpl
oyin
g pe
ople
in fo
rest
pla
ntat
ions
; har
vest
ing
and
trad
e in
fore
st p
rodu
cts;
and
can
pro
tect
land
from
soil
eros
ion
and
land
slid
es, p
artic
ular
ly in
hill
y ar
eas.
As
salin
ity is
exp
ecte
d to
incr
ease
with
risi
ng se
a le
vels
, em
phas
is sh
ould
be
give
n to
salin
e to
lera
nt sp
ecie
s. F
or
fresh
wat
er w
etla
nds,
suita
ble
subm
erge
nce
tole
rant
spec
ies
such
as H
ijol a
nd K
oroc
h, w
hich
can
als
o pr
otec
t aga
inst
wav
e er
osio
n, c
ould
be
used
Muc
h of
Gov
ernm
ent o
wne
d re
serv
e fo
rest
land
is la
rgel
y w
ithou
t tre
es.
Soci
al a
nd h
omes
tead
fore
stry
has
gat
here
d m
omen
tum
in
rece
nt y
ears
. It n
eeds
to b
e fu
rthe
r enc
oura
ged
as it
supp
orts
th
e liv
elih
oods
of t
he p
oor a
nd lo
cal c
omm
uniti
es.
- Pr
ovid
e su
ppor
t to
exis
ting
and
new
coa
stal
af
fore
stat
ion
prog
ram
mes
taki
ng in
to a
ccou
nt
the
futu
re ri
se in
salin
ity le
vels
due
to se
a le
vel
rise
-
Deve
lop
an e
xten
sive
wet
land
affo
rest
atio
n pr
ogra
mm
e to
pro
tect
settl
emen
ts a
gain
st
wav
e er
osio
n
- St
udy
the
scop
e fo
r car
bon
cred
its u
nder
RED
D an
d in
vest
, if a
ppro
pria
te, i
n re
fore
stat
ion
of
degr
aded
rese
rve
fore
sts
- Pr
ovid
e su
ppor
t to
exis
ting
and
new
ho
mes
tead
and
soci
al fo
rest
ry p
rogr
amm
es
and
enha
nce
carb
on se
ques
trat
ion
-
Rese
arch
the
suita
bilit
y of
var
ious
tree
spec
ies
for t
heir
carb
on-lo
ckin
g pr
oper
ties f
or
desi
gnin
g va
rious
fore
stry
pro
gram
mes
kee
ping
in
min
d ot
her e
nviro
nmen
tal a
nd so
cio-
econ
omic
func
tions
of f
ores
try
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inis
try o
f Env
ironm
ent a
nd
Fore
sts
0508
Ra
pid
expa
nsio
n of
ene
rgy
savi
ng D
evic
es e
.g. C
FL
68%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
faci
litat
e ra
pid
expa
nsio
n in
the
use
of e
nerg
y sa
ving
dev
ices
and
hom
e ap
plia
nces
. Pr
esen
tly th
ere
is sh
orta
ge o
f com
mer
cial
ene
rgy
in th
e co
untr
y
- A
rapi
d as
sess
men
t of p
oten
tial o
f mod
ern
ener
gy sa
ving
app
lianc
e an
d te
chno
logi
es in
Ba
ngla
desh
62 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
and
urge
nt p
rogr
amm
es a
re b
eing
pla
nned
for g
ener
atio
n of
m
ore
elec
tric
ity. B
angl
ades
h sh
ould
take
all
out e
ffort
s to
min
imiz
e th
e us
e of
ene
rgy.
One
such
maj
or d
omai
n w
here
en
ergy
savi
ng m
echa
nism
can
be
push
ed is
intr
oduc
tion
of
mor
e an
d m
ore
ener
gy sa
ving
ligh
ting
in d
omes
tic a
s wel
l as
indu
stria
l uni
ts.
- De
velo
pmen
t of a
pro
ject
pro
posa
l for
ob
tain
ing
CDM
ben
efits
-
Faci
litat
e ex
pans
ion
of e
nerg
y sa
ving
te
chno
logi
es a
nd d
evic
es
- M
ainl
y re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of P
ower
, Ene
rgy
and
Min
eral
Res
ourc
es, M
inist
ry o
f Env
ironm
ent
and
Fore
sts
0509
En
ergy
and
wat
er
effic
ienc
y in
bui
lt en
viro
nmen
t
48%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
put
in p
lace
effe
ctiv
e te
chno
logi
cal a
nd
adap
tatio
n op
tions
in b
uilt
envi
ronm
ent t
o im
prov
e en
ergy
and
w
ater
effi
cien
cy.
The
wat
er–e
nerg
y ne
xus d
escr
ibes
the
inte
rdep
ende
ncie
s be
twee
n w
ater
and
ene
rgy
reso
urce
s. W
hen
cons
ider
ed a
t the
hi
ghes
t lev
els,
it is
eas
y to
und
erst
and
that
hug
e vo
lum
es o
f w
ater
are
con
sum
ed in
the
ener
gy se
ctor
for g
ener
atin
g el
ectr
icity
, nat
ural
gas
, and
oth
er fu
els u
sed
in b
uild
ings
. At t
he
sam
e tim
e, si
gnifi
cant
ene
rgy
is u
sed
to p
ump,
trea
t, an
d us
e th
e w
ater
that
is c
onsu
med
in b
uild
ings
to p
rote
ct th
e he
alth
of
its o
ccup
ants
. Th
e w
ater
–ene
rgy
nexu
s ext
ends
bey
ond
the
gene
ratio
n of
en
ergy
and
the
dist
ribut
ion
of w
ater
, and
its i
mpl
icat
ions
nee
d to
be
bette
r und
erst
ood
in o
rder
to p
rovi
de g
uida
nce
to
stan
dard
s dev
elop
ers o
n be
nefic
ial s
trat
egie
s for
the
effic
ient
m
anag
emen
t of e
nerg
y an
d w
ater
in o
ur n
atio
n’s b
uild
ings
. A
bette
r und
erst
andi
ng o
f wat
er–e
nerg
y ne
xus i
mpl
icat
ions
on
vario
us b
uild
ing
syst
ems a
nd p
rodu
cts u
sed
in b
uild
ings
wou
ld
be in
stru
ctiv
e fo
r sta
ndar
ds d
evel
oper
s whe
n co
nsid
erin
g ne
w
prov
isio
ns th
at a
ddre
ss e
nerg
y- a
nd w
ater
-effi
cien
t bui
ldin
g de
sign
.
- N
eces
sary
ada
ptat
ion
of e
xist
ing
build
ings
and
ad
ditio
nal s
pace
in u
nder
con
stru
ctio
n bu
ildin
gs fo
r col
lect
ion
and
stor
age
of
rain
wat
er
- In
stal
latio
n of
sola
r the
rmal
pow
er o
r sm
all
win
dmill
at t
he ro
ofto
p or
nea
rby a
ll bu
ildin
gs
and
infra
stru
ctur
es
- Re
visi
on o
f bui
ldin
g co
de fo
r inc
lusi
on o
f en
ergy
savi
ng d
evic
es in
all
infra
stru
ctur
es a
nd
prov
isio
n of
con
stru
ctio
n w
orks
in e
nerg
y ef
ficie
nt m
etho
ds
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inis
try o
f Hou
sing
and
Publ
ic W
orks
, City
Dev
elop
men
t Aut
horit
ies,
City
Co
rpor
atio
ns, a
ll pr
ivat
e de
velo
pers
0510
Im
prov
ing
in e
nerg
y co
nsum
ptio
n pa
ttern
in
tran
spor
t sec
tor a
nd
optio
ns fo
r miti
gatio
n
28%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
impr
ove
ener
gy u
se e
ffici
ency
in tr
ansp
ort
sect
or a
nd b
enef
it fro
m C
DM p
roce
ss.
The
tran
spor
t sec
tor a
ccou
nts f
or a
larg
e sh
are
of g
loba
l gr
eenh
ouse
gas
em
issi
ons a
nd th
is sh
are
is e
xpec
ted
to g
row
ov
er th
e co
min
g de
cade
s. T
houg
h tr
ansp
ort s
hare
of e
mis
sion
of
Ban
glad
esh
is lo
w b
ut e
nerg
y co
nsum
ptio
n is
gro
win
g m
uch
- Pr
omot
ion
of lo
w c
ost p
ublic
tran
spor
t mod
es
such
as r
apid
tran
sit
- Re
duci
ng th
e us
e of
foss
il fu
el b
y im
prov
ing
the
effic
ienc
y of
ene
rgy
use
- Su
bstit
utio
n of
bio
fuel
s and
foss
il fu
els a
s ap
prop
riate
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 63
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
fast
er th
an a
ny o
ther
sect
ors.
M
any
vehi
cle
tech
nolo
gies
that
hav
e be
en p
ropo
sed
by
deve
lope
d co
untr
ies t
o re
duce
GH
G em
issi
ons m
ay n
ot b
e fe
asib
le in
Ban
glad
esh
beca
use
of th
eir h
igh
initi
al c
ost a
nd
lack
of i
nfra
stru
ctur
e. N
eces
sary
act
ions
nee
d to
be
take
n to
war
ds lo
w c
arbo
n tr
ansp
ort.
Glob
ally
ther
e is
ano
ther
mov
e to
war
ds lo
w c
arbo
n de
velo
pmen
t. Bi
ofue
ls a
nd b
iom
ass a
re b
eing
use
d as
su
bstit
ute
of tr
aditi
onal
com
mer
cial
fuel
s. F
or a
cou
ntry
with
lim
ited
land
reso
urce
s opp
ortu
nitie
s for
bio
fuel
is c
onsi
dere
d to
be
lim
ited.
-
Mai
nly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inist
ry o
f Pow
er, E
nerg
y an
d M
iner
al R
esou
rces
06
Capa
city
Bui
ldin
g an
d In
stitu
tiona
l Str
engt
heni
ng
To m
eet t
he c
halle
nge
of c
limat
e ch
ange
, the
cap
acity
of g
over
nmen
t min
istr
ies a
nd a
genc
ies,
civ
il so
ciet
y an
d th
e pr
ivat
e se
ctor
will
be
stre
ngth
ened
. Und
er th
is
them
e th
e go
vern
men
t will
: -
Revi
ew a
nd re
vise
, whe
re a
ppro
pria
te, a
ll go
vern
men
t pol
icie
s (se
ctor
by
sect
or) t
o en
sure
that
they
take
full
acco
unt o
f clim
ate
chan
ge a
nd it
s im
pact
s -
Mai
nstr
eam
clim
ate
chan
ge in
nat
iona
l, se
ctor
al a
nd sp
atia
l dev
elop
men
t pla
nnin
g (in
gov
ernm
ent m
inist
ries a
nd a
genc
ies,
loca
l gov
ernm
ent,
the
priv
ate
sect
or, c
ivil
soci
ety
and
com
mun
ities
) and
ens
ure
that
impa
cts o
n vu
lner
able
gro
ups a
nd w
omen
are
prio
ritiz
ed in
pla
ns
- Bu
ild th
e ca
paci
ty o
f key
gov
ernm
ent m
inis
trie
s and
age
ncie
s to
take
forw
ard
clim
ate
chan
ge a
dapt
atio
n (e
.g.,
Min
istr
y of
Foo
d an
d Di
sast
er
Man
agem
ent,
Bang
lade
sh W
ater
Dev
elop
men
t Boa
rd, L
ocal
Gov
ernm
ent E
ngin
eerin
g De
part
men
t; N
atio
nal A
gric
ultu
ral R
esea
rch
Syst
em, t
he h
ealth
sy
stem
, the
Min
istr
y of
Wom
en's
and
Chi
ldre
n's A
ffairs
) -
Build
the
capa
city
of t
he g
over
nmen
t to
unde
rtak
e in
tern
atio
nal a
nd re
gion
al n
egot
iatio
ns o
n cl
imat
e ch
ange
. -
Regi
onal
and
inte
rnat
iona
l coo
pera
tion
is e
ssen
tial i
n or
der t
o bu
ild n
eces
sary
cap
acity
and
resi
lienc
e
- Bu
ild th
e ca
paci
ty o
f the
gov
ernm
ent,
civi
l soc
iety
and
the
priv
ate
sect
or o
n ca
rbon
fina
ncin
g to
acc
ess v
ario
us g
loba
l clim
ate
fund
s 06
01
Revi
sion
of s
ecto
r pol
icie
s fo
r clim
ate
resi
lienc
e 68
%
Key
obje
ctiv
e is
to in
tegr
ate
clim
ate
chan
ge is
sues
into
de
velo
pmen
t pol
icy
and
actio
n.
Clim
ate
chan
ge m
anag
emen
t nee
ds to
be
inte
grat
ed in
to th
e de
velo
pmen
t act
iviti
es o
f diff
eren
t sec
tors
. Sec
tora
l pol
icy
stat
emen
ts n
eed
to b
e m
odifi
ed to
take
acc
ount
of a
nd b
ecom
e co
nsis
tent
with
clim
ate
chan
ge im
pact
s and
thei
r m
anag
emen
t. Th
e N
atio
nal W
ater
Man
agem
ent P
lan
reco
gniz
es th
e ne
ed to
m
ake
wat
er se
ctor
act
iviti
es re
silie
nt to
clim
ate
chan
ge.
How
ever
, the
onl
y se
ctor
al p
olic
y th
at e
xplic
itly
inco
rpor
ates
cl
imat
e ch
ange
con
side
ratio
ns is
the
Coas
tal Z
one
Polic
y of
- Dr
aft a
con
sulta
tion
pape
r on
the
Nat
iona
l Cl
imat
e Ch
ange
pol
icy,
the
inte
grat
ion
of
clim
ate
chan
ge is
sues
into
dev
elop
men
t pl
anni
ng a
nd se
ctor
al p
olic
ies a
nd h
ow th
ey
shou
ld b
e fo
rmul
ated
for d
iscu
ssio
n w
ith k
ey
stak
ehol
ders
-
Inco
rpor
ate
clim
ate
chan
ge c
once
rns i
n al
l se
ctor
al p
olic
ies a
nd st
rate
gies
thro
ugh
appr
opria
te re
visi
ons i
n co
nsul
tatio
n w
ith
rele
vant
stak
ehol
ders
-
Publ
ish
the
Nat
iona
l Clim
ate
Chan
ge P
olic
y
64 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
Bang
lade
sh, w
hich
was
dra
fted
in 2
005
whe
n kn
owle
dge
and
unde
rsta
ndin
g ab
out c
limat
e ch
ange
was
ava
ilabl
e.
All p
olic
y fo
rmul
atio
n sh
ould
be
carr
ied
out i
n a
cons
ulta
tive
way
by
invo
lvin
g ke
y of
ficia
ls o
f con
cern
ed m
inis
trie
s/se
ctor
s to
geth
er w
ith p
rofe
ssio
nals
, aca
dem
ics,
NGO
s and
civ
il so
ciet
y le
ader
s, a
s wel
l as t
he g
ener
al p
ublic
.
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of E
nviro
nmen
t and
Fo
rest
s, Ca
bine
t Div
ision
0602
M
ains
trea
min
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
in N
atio
nal,
Sect
or
and
Spat
ial D
evel
opm
ent
prog
ram
77%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
inte
grat
e Cl
imat
e Ch
ange
man
agem
ent i
n al
l as
pect
s of d
evel
opm
ent a
ctio
n.
This
will
requ
ire: (
a) in
corp
orat
ing
clim
ate
chan
ge in
to p
olic
ies,
pl
ans,
pro
gram
mes
and
pro
ject
s; (b
) est
ablis
hmen
t and
bu
ildin
g th
e ca
paci
ty o
f min
istr
ies a
nd a
genc
ies;
(c) f
ocus
ing
whe
re c
limat
e ch
ange
will
be
a ke
y is
sue.
Th
e ta
sk o
f gui
ding
and
supe
rvis
ing
the
natio
nal d
evel
opm
ent
prog
ram
me
rest
s with
the
Plan
ning
Com
mis
sion
. Tw
o ch
ange
s ar
e re
quire
d in
the
proc
ess b
y w
hich
min
istr
ies a
nd a
genc
ies
prep
are
and
subm
it pr
opos
als t
o th
e Pl
anni
ng C
omm
issi
on.
The
Plan
ning
Com
mis
sion
shou
ld in
trod
uce
a se
t of d
esig
n an
d pl
anni
ng p
aram
eter
s for
pro
ject
s, fo
r sel
ecte
d ta
rget
yea
rs (e
.g.
2030
, 204
1 an
d 20
50),
whi
ch ta
ke in
to a
ccou
nt li
kely
clim
ate
chan
ge im
pact
s. T
he p
rofo
rmas
, whi
ch th
e Pl
anni
ng
Com
mis
sion
requ
ires f
or p
roje
ct p
ropo
sals
(TPP
, DPP
etc
.) ar
e de
sign
ed to
ens
ure
that
all
elem
ents
for t
akin
g de
cisi
ons f
or
clim
ate
resi
lienc
e or
clim
ate
sens
itivi
ty a
re in
clud
ed a
nd
corr
ectly
refle
cted
.
- Es
tabl
ish
and
build
the
capa
city
of c
limat
e ch
ange
cel
ls in
min
istr
ies a
nd a
genc
ies t
o in
corp
orat
e cl
imat
e ch
ange
con
side
ratio
ns in
al
l pla
nnin
g pr
oces
ses
- Ag
ree
desi
gn a
nd p
lann
ing
para
met
ers f
or
proj
ect d
esig
n fo
r sel
ecte
d ye
ars.
-
Mod
ify th
e Pr
ojec
t Pro
form
a in
an
appr
opria
te
way
- Al
l rel
evan
t min
istrie
s; Pl
anni
ng C
omm
issio
n
0603
St
reng
then
ing
hum
an
reso
urce
cap
acity
48
%
Key
obje
ctiv
e is
to d
evel
op a
dequ
ate
hum
an c
apac
ity to
ef
fect
ivel
y m
anag
e cl
imat
e re
silie
nt d
evel
opm
ent p
rogr
amm
es
and
to ta
ke p
art i
n in
tern
atio
nal n
egot
iatio
ns.
Due
to la
ck o
f exp
ertis
e, B
angl
ades
h ha
s bee
n un
able
to g
rasp
op
port
uniti
es to
effe
ctiv
ely
use
new
glo
bal f
inan
cial
in
stru
men
ts. A
lso,
clim
ate
chan
ge n
egot
iatio
ns h
ave
now
en
tere
d a
phas
e w
here
con
stan
t tra
ckin
g an
d ta
king
dec
isio
ns
at sh
ort n
otic
e ar
e re
quire
d.
The
AWG-
LCA
nego
tiatio
ns n
eed
expe
rtis
e of
the
high
est o
rder
Av
aila
ble
expe
rtis
e is
nei
ther
ade
quat
e no
r alw
ays o
f the
righ
t ty
pe. I
t is t
here
fore
nec
essa
ry to
bui
ld h
uman
reso
urce
cap
acity
- En
hanc
e th
e ca
paci
ty o
f Gov
ernm
ent s
taff
for
polic
y, p
rogr
amm
e an
d pr
ojec
t for
mul
atio
n,
and
impl
emen
tatio
n, th
roug
h tr
aini
ng a
nd in
ot
her w
ays
- En
hanc
e ca
paci
ty o
f key
staf
f of G
over
nmen
t, pr
ivat
e se
ctor
org
aniz
atio
ns a
nd N
GOs o
n ac
cess
ing
inte
rnat
iona
l and
nat
iona
l Car
bon
and
clim
ate
Chan
ge F
unds
-
Enha
nce
the
hum
an re
sour
ce c
apac
ity w
ithin
an
d ou
tsid
e Go
vern
men
t for
Clim
ate
Chan
ge
nego
tiatio
ns
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 65
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
in a
ll th
ese
rele
vant
are
as a
cros
s Gov
ernm
ent d
epar
tmen
ts,
priv
ate
busi
ness
and
civ
il so
ciet
y.
Activ
ities
shou
ld in
clud
e sh
ort a
nd lo
ng tr
aini
ng a
t hom
e an
d ab
road
, stu
dy to
urs,
exch
ange
pro
gram
mes
, and
fina
ncin
g fo
r at
tend
ing
nego
tiatio
ns.
-
All r
elev
ant s
ecto
ral m
inist
ries,
agen
cies
, priv
ate
sect
or, N
GOs,
univ
ersi
ties a
nd re
sear
ch
orga
niza
tions
0604
St
reng
then
ing
Gend
er
cons
ider
atio
n in
clim
ate
chan
ge m
anag
emen
t
26%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
inte
grat
e ge
nder
con
side
ratio
n in
all
clim
ate
chan
ge m
anag
emen
t. Th
is p
rogr
amm
e ai
ms t
o es
tabl
ish
link
betw
een
gend
er
cons
ider
atio
n fo
r the
ir ap
prop
riate
app
licat
ion
in c
oope
ratio
n w
ill a
ll ad
apta
tion,
miti
gatio
n st
rate
gies
and
mai
nstr
eam
ing
clim
ate
chan
ge in
nat
iona
l, se
ctor
al a
nd n
atio
nal d
evel
opm
ent
plan
. How
ever
, to
pay
spec
ial a
ttent
ion
to g
ende
r iss
ues a
s wel
l as
the
cons
ider
atio
ns o
f dis
adva
ntag
ed c
omm
uniti
es.
Wom
en h
as a
spec
ial r
ole
in m
anag
emen
t of n
atur
al d
isast
ers
as ri
sk a
nd v
ulne
rabi
lity
will
incr
ease
in fu
ture
clim
ate
chan
ge
scen
ario
s. A
ll di
sast
er m
anag
emen
t pra
ctic
es sh
ould
pay
at
tent
ion
to g
ende
r con
side
ratio
ns.
- De
velo
pmen
t of c
riter
ia a
nd a
ppro
ach
for
incl
usio
n of
gen
der c
onsi
dera
tion
in a
ll cl
imat
e re
spon
se a
ctiv
ities
-
Build
the
capa
city
of g
ende
r foc
al p
oint
in a
ll m
inis
trie
s and
age
ncie
s to
inco
rpor
ate
gend
er
issu
es in
all
clim
ate
resp
onse
act
iviti
es
-
Mos
tly re
late
d to
the
Min
istry
of W
omen
and
Ch
ildre
n Af
fairs
, Pla
nnin
g Co
mm
issio
n, M
inis
try
of E
nviro
nmen
t and
For
ests
0605
St
reng
then
ing
inst
itutio
nal c
apac
ity fo
r Cl
imat
e Ri
sk M
anag
emen
t
66%
Ke
y ob
ject
ive
is to
dev
elop
stro
ng o
rgan
izat
ions
to e
ffect
ivel
y re
spon
d to
clim
ate
chan
ge.
Mai
nstr
eam
ing
clim
ate
chan
ge is
sues
in n
atio
nal a
nd se
ctor
al
deve
lopm
ent w
ill re
quire
stro
ng o
rgan
izat
ions
and
a ro
bust
in
stitu
tiona
l fra
mew
ork
to e
nsur
e th
at th
e ac
tiviti
es a
re
sust
aine
d ov
er th
e ne
xt se
vera
l dec
ades
and
bey
ond.
So
me
of th
e or
gani
zatio
ns w
ill b
e ne
w, o
ther
s will
hav
e to
be
refo
rmed
and
stre
ngth
ened
. In
all c
ases
, org
aniz
atio
ns w
ill
need
to b
e pr
ovid
ed w
ith a
dequ
ate
logi
stic
s and
oth
er fa
cilit
ies.
Ther
e is
a p
ress
ing
need
to st
reng
then
a n
umbe
r of e
xist
ing
orga
niza
tions
that
are
alre
ady
unde
rper
form
ing
in
impl
emen
ting
thei
r reg
ular
dev
elop
men
t pro
gram
me.
- Se
tting
up
of m
echa
nism
s for
inte
r-m
inis
teria
l an
d in
ter-
inst
itutio
nal c
oord
inat
ion
at v
ario
us
leve
ls o
f the
gov
ernm
ent,
and
for m
anag
ing
new
ada
ptat
ion
and
plan
ned
miti
gatio
n fu
nds
- O
rgan
izat
iona
l ref
orm
and
stre
ngth
enin
g of
key
go
vern
men
t and
oth
er a
genc
ies
-
All r
elev
ant s
ecto
ral a
genc
ies,
priv
ate
sect
or,
NGO
s and
oth
ers
0606
M
ains
trea
min
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
in th
e m
edia
30
%
Key
obje
ctiv
e is
to ra
ise
publ
ic a
war
enes
s acr
oss t
he c
ount
ry b
y m
ains
trea
min
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
issu
es in
the
prin
t and
el
ectr
onic
med
ia.
Bang
lade
sh m
edia
has
bee
n pr
o-ac
tive
in m
ount
ing
publ
ic
awar
enes
s on
clim
ate
chan
ge is
sues
for l
ast t
wo
deca
des.
Jo
urna
lists
hav
e be
en p
roac
tive
in se
nsiti
zing
the
coun
try
on
- Ca
paci
ty B
uild
ing
and
Trai
ning
prin
t and
el
ectr
onic
jour
nalis
ts
- Ex
posu
re v
isits
to c
limat
e ch
ange
hot
spot
s ac
ross
the
coun
try
and
track
ing
glob
al
nego
tiatio
ns
- St
ate
of C
limat
e Ch
ange
Rep
orts
, Ear
th F
iles,
66 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria
Rele
vanc
e (%
)5 D
escr
iptio
n of
the
Crite
ria
Wha
t it s
houl
d in
clud
e? W
ho is
the
mos
t re
leva
nt?6
vario
us e
nviro
nmen
tal i
ssue
s. B
ut, g
iven
the
scal
e of
clim
ate-
indu
ced
adve
rse
impa
cts o
n th
e na
tiona
l eco
nom
y, li
velih
oods
an
d ec
o-sy
stem
s, th
e pe
ople
requ
ires t
o m
ore
awar
e w
hile
Ba
ngla
desh
vib
rant
prin
t and
ele
ctro
nic
med
ia c
an p
lay
that
ef
fect
ive
role
in a
ver
y co
mpr
ehen
sive
man
ner t
o he
lp b
ring
in
posi
tive
chan
ges i
n pu
blic
opi
nion
to m
ake
polic
y ch
ange
s.
Med
ia c
an a
lso
help
take
peo
ple
in a
clim
ate-
frien
dly
low
-ca
rbon
dev
elop
men
t pat
hway
. Ban
glad
esh
med
ia c
an a
lso
help
ra
ise
natio
nal n
egot
iatio
n ca
paci
ty b
y in
fusi
ng p
ublic
deb
ate
on
clim
ate
chan
ge is
sues
in b
oth
prin
t and
ele
ctro
nic
med
ia a
nd
keep
trac
k of
ong
oing
neg
otia
tion
stre
ets a
s wat
chdo
gs.
Feat
ures
, Pho
to-F
eatu
res
- M
edia
net
wor
king
- M
ostly
rela
ted
to th
e M
inis
try o
f Env
ironm
ent a
nd
Fore
sts,
Min
istry
of I
nfor
mat
ion,
Pre
ss In
stitu
te o
f Ba
ngla
desh
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 67
Appe
ndix
3: E
xam
ple
of C
limat
e Re
leva
nce
Fina
nce
Trac
king
in O
pera
ting
Budg
et
Min
istr
y an
d D
ivis
ions
D
epar
tmen
t and
Age
ncie
s Cl
imat
e Re
late
d Fu
nctio
ns (A
lloca
tion
of B
usin
ess,
Ann
ual R
epor
t, M
BF,
Citiz
en C
hart
er)
CC R
elev
ant
Wei
ght (
%)
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Secr
etar
iat
Focu
s of M
BF is
on
deve
lopm
ent o
f rur
al e
cono
my
and
the
deve
lopm
ent
and
man
agem
ent o
f sm
all w
ater
reso
urce
s 5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent E
ngin
eerin
g De
part
men
t (LG
ED)
Man
y cl
imat
e re
leva
nt p
roje
cts f
ocus
ed o
n flo
od c
ontr
ol, t
ree
plan
tatio
n,
cycl
one
shel
ter c
onst
ruct
ion
etc.
as p
er M
BF
20%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Depa
rtm
ent o
f Pub
lic H
ealth
En
gine
erin
g (D
PHE)
As
per
citi
zen
char
ter,
rele
vant
act
iviti
es in
clud
e se
rvic
es fo
r dis
aste
r m
anag
emen
t, w
ater
dis
trib
utio
n an
d W
ATSA
N se
rvic
es
5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Nat
iona
l Ins
titut
e of
Loc
al G
over
nmen
t Re
leva
nt a
ctiv
ities
incl
ude
initi
ativ
es to
impr
ove
the
envi
ronm
ent a
nd
deve
lopm
ent o
f dra
inag
e ne
twor
ks to
redu
ce w
ater
logg
ing
5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Dhak
a W
ASA
Rele
vant
act
iviti
es a
s per
MBF
and
citi
zen
char
ter i
nclu
de g
rant
ing
perm
issi
on fo
r set
ting
deep
wel
ls, i
mpr
ovin
g W
ATSA
N, s
uppl
ying
wat
er
durin
g flo
ods,
dro
ught
s etc
. 5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Chat
togr
am W
ASA
All w
ater
rela
ted
activ
ities
as p
er M
BF a
nd c
itize
n ch
arte
r but
not
spec
ifica
lly
focu
sed
on a
ddre
ssin
g cl
imat
ic ri
sks
5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Khul
na W
ASA
All w
ater
rela
ted
activ
ities
as p
er M
BF a
nd c
itize
n ch
arte
r but
not
spec
ifica
lly
focu
sed
on a
ddre
ssin
g cl
imat
ic ri
sks
5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Rajs
hahi
WAS
A Re
leva
nt a
ctiv
ities
as p
er M
BF a
nd c
itize
n ch
arte
r inc
lude
gra
ntin
g pe
rmis
sion
for s
ettin
g de
ep w
ells
, im
prov
ing
WAT
SAN
, sup
plyi
ng w
ater
du
ring
flood
s, d
roug
hts e
tc.
5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Khul
na C
ity C
orpo
ratio
n Ac
cord
ing
to M
BF, t
heir
focu
s is o
n w
aste
man
agem
ent,
road
s, d
rain
age
etc.
an
d no
t muc
h cl
imat
e re
leva
nce.
No
rele
vant
info
foun
d on
citi
zen
char
ter o
r th
eir w
ebsi
te:
5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Sylh
et C
ity C
orpo
ratio
n Ac
cord
ing
to M
BF, t
heir
focu
s is o
n w
aste
man
agem
ent,
road
s, d
rain
age
etc.
an
d no
t muc
h cl
imat
e re
leva
nce
5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Baris
hal C
ity C
orpo
ratio
n Ci
tizen
cha
rter
una
vaila
ble.
Acc
ordi
ng to
MBF
, the
ir fo
cus i
s on
was
te
man
agem
ent,
road
s, d
rain
age
etc.
and
not
muc
h cl
imat
e re
leva
nce
5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Nar
ayan
ganj
City
Cor
pora
tion
Acco
rdin
g to
MBF
, the
ir fo
cus i
s on
was
te m
anag
emen
t, ro
ads,
dra
inag
e et
c.
and
not m
uch
clim
ate
rele
vanc
e 5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Cum
illa
City
Cor
pora
tion
Plan
tatio
n pr
ojec
t inc
lude
d 5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Gazi
pur C
ity C
orpo
ratio
n Ci
tizen
cha
rter
men
tions
fore
st c
onse
rvat
ion.
Acc
ordi
ng to
MBF
, the
ir fo
cus
is o
n w
aste
man
agem
ent,
road
s, d
rain
age
etc.
5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Rang
pur C
ity C
orpo
ratio
n Ac
cord
ing
to M
BF, t
heir
focu
s is o
n w
aste
man
agem
ent,
road
s, d
rain
age
etc.
an
d no
t muc
h cl
imat
e re
leva
nce
5%
68 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Min
istr
y an
d D
ivis
ions
D
epar
tmen
t and
Age
ncie
s Cl
imat
e Re
late
d Fu
nctio
ns (A
lloca
tion
of B
usin
ess,
Ann
ual R
epor
t, M
BF,
Citiz
en C
hart
er)
CC R
elev
ant
Wei
ght (
%)
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Dhak
a So
uth
City
Cor
pora
tion
Rele
vant
act
iviti
es fr
om c
itize
n ch
arte
r inc
lude
sust
aina
ble
envi
ronm
enta
l de
velo
pmen
t thr
ough
city
gre
enin
g pr
ojec
ts a
nd d
evel
opm
ent o
f dra
inag
e ne
twor
ks to
redu
ce w
ater
logg
ing
5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Dhak
a N
orth
City
Cor
pora
tion
Focu
s on
was
te m
anag
emen
t, ro
ads,
dra
inag
e et
c.
5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Chat
togr
am C
ity C
orpo
ratio
n N
o cl
imat
e re
leva
nt in
form
atio
n fo
und
on c
itize
n ch
arte
r. Fo
cus o
f MBF
is o
n w
aste
man
agem
ent,
road
s, d
rain
age
etc.
5%
Loca
l Gov
ernm
ent D
ivis
ion
Rajs
hahi
City
Cor
pora
tion
No
clim
ate
rele
vant
info
rmat
ion
foun
d on
citi
zen
char
ter.
Focu
s of M
BF is
on
was
te m
anag
emen
t, ro
ads,
dra
inag
e et
c.
5%
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 69
Appe
ndix
4: R
ealig
nmen
t of C
limat
e Re
leva
nce
Crite
ria a
nd R
elev
ance
Wei
ght
Code
N
ew R
elev
ance
Crit
eria
(a
ligne
d w
ith B
CCSA
P Pr
ogra
mm
es)
Rele
vanc
e Cr
iteria
and
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t (%
) in
CFF
2014
7
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (%
) Ra
tiona
le fo
r new
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t
01
Food
sec
urity
, soc
ial p
rote
ctio
n, a
nd h
ealth
0101
In
stitu
tiona
l Cap
acity
for
rese
arch
tow
ards
clim
ate
resi
lient
cul
tivar
s and
th
eir r
esili
ence
Agric
ultu
ral p
rodu
ctiv
ity/ d
evel
opm
ent,
etc.
– 7
0%
Qua
lity
seed
supp
ly, s
tora
ge a
nd
mod
erni
zatio
n –
60%
Bi
otec
hnol
ogy/
pest
icid
es/b
iodi
vers
ity –
50
%
Deve
lopm
ent o
f new
cro
p va
rietie
s – 5
0%
Agric
ultu
ral t
echn
olog
y –
50%
St
orag
e fa
cilit
y ex
pans
ion
– 30
%
73
Inst
itutio
nal c
apac
ity fo
r res
earc
h an
d ex
pert
ise
of re
sear
cher
s to
deve
lop
clim
ate
resi
lient
cul
tivar
s of f
ood
and
othe
r cro
ps is
ver
y im
port
ant t
o co
ntin
uous
ly d
evel
opin
g ne
w re
silie
nt c
ultiv
ars w
ith th
e ch
ange
in th
e cl
imat
e.
It ta
kes 7
-8 y
ears
to b
reed
new
cul
tivar
s, c
ertif
y th
em a
nd re
leas
e to
the
farm
ers t
hrou
gh th
e ex
tens
ion
syst
em. A
fter p
artic
ipat
ory
field
tria
ls,
they
will
be
diss
emin
ated
to fa
rmer
s.
0102
De
velo
pmen
t of c
limat
e re
silie
nt c
ropp
ing
syst
ems
and
prod
uctio
n te
chno
logi
es
Grai
n qu
ality
impr
ovem
ent –
85%
N
ew ir
rigat
ion
faci
litie
s, im
prov
ed ir
rigat
ion
effic
ienc
y –
70%
Co
asta
l-are
a cr
op d
iver
sific
atio
n –
70%
Co
asta
l-are
a bi
otec
hnol
ogy
– 70
%
Crop
div
ersif
icat
ion
– 50
%
Agric
ultu
ral s
ecto
r sup
port
pro
gram
mes
, et
c. –
50%
Sm
all-f
arm
er d
evel
opm
ent –
30%
M
ushr
oom
pro
ject
s, T
uber
cro
ps –
30%
69
Deve
lopm
ent o
f clim
ate
resi
lient
cro
ppin
g sy
stem
s app
ropr
iate
to
diffe
rent
agr
o-cl
imat
ic re
gion
s and
sub-
regi
ons i
s vita
l to
sust
ain
and
incr
ease
pro
duct
ivity
. The
cha
nges
will
requ
ire fa
rmer
s to
mod
ify th
eir
curr
ent c
ropp
ing
syst
ems o
r cha
nge
to a
ltern
ativ
e sy
stem
s. R
esea
rch
is
need
ed to
dev
elop
and
fiel
d te
st a
ltern
ativ
e sy
stem
s, a
dapt
ed to
like
ly
futu
re c
ondi
tions
, so
that
cho
ices
are
ava
ilabl
e fo
r far
mer
s as c
limat
ic
cond
ition
s cha
nge.
The
ass
ocia
ted
seed
supp
ly a
nd e
xten
sion
m
echa
nism
s als
o sh
ould
be
deve
lope
d.
0103
Ad
apta
tion
agai
nst
drou
ght,
salin
ity,
subm
erge
nce
and
heat
Soil
ecos
yste
ms –
80%
W
ater
man
agem
ent/
surfa
ce
wat
er/r
ainw
ater
– 5
0%
Exte
nsio
n se
rvic
es/f
arm
ers’
serv
ices
– 4
0%
Hor
ticul
ture
– 4
0%
66
The
farm
ers m
ust a
dapt
clim
ate
stre
ssed
(e.g
. dro
ught
, sal
inity
su
bmer
genc
e, h
eat)
man
agem
ent o
ptio
ns fo
r agr
icul
ture
in d
rier
regi
ons.
With
clim
ate
chan
ge, t
hese
con
ditio
ns a
re li
kely
to b
e ex
acer
bate
d. T
he d
evel
opm
ent o
f app
ropr
iate
ada
ptiv
e m
easu
res
com
bini
ng ro
bust
indi
geno
us a
nd n
ew c
ultiv
ars,
new
cro
ppin
g sy
stem
s an
d im
prov
ed w
ater
man
agem
ent p
ract
ices
mus
t be
deve
lope
d,
test
ed a
nd d
isse
min
ated
to fa
rmer
s. 01
04
Adap
tatio
n in
the
fishe
ries
Estu
ary
deve
lopm
ent –
90%
62
Cl
imat
e ch
ange
is li
kely
to a
dver
sely
affe
ct fr
eshw
ater
and
mar
ine
7 T
he C
limat
e Fi
scal
Fra
mew
ork
(CFF
) was
ado
pted
by
the
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Ban
glad
esh
in 2
014.
The
CFF
was
pre
pare
d ba
sed
on a
com
preh
ensi
ve re
view
title
d ‘C
limat
e Pu
blic
Exp
endi
ture
and
Insti
tutio
nal
Rev
iew
’ in
2012
.
70 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
N
ew R
elev
ance
Crit
eria
(a
ligne
d w
ith B
CCSA
P Pr
ogra
mm
es)
Rele
vanc
e Cr
iteria
and
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t (%
) in
CFF
2014
7
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (%
) Ra
tiona
le fo
r new
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t
sect
or
Cycl
one-
area
fish
farm
ers a
nd fi
sher
men
re
late
d –
60%
Irr
igat
ion
faci
litie
s for
fish
cul
tivat
ion
– 50
%
Hao
r man
agem
ent –
30%
fishe
ries i
n Ba
ngla
desh
.It is
impo
rtan
t tha
t the
se p
oten
tial i
mpa
cts a
re
iden
tifie
d an
d re
sear
ch a
nd m
anag
emen
t str
ateg
ies d
evel
oped
, tes
ted
and
mad
e re
ady,
in a
ntic
ipat
ion
of c
limat
e-re
late
d ch
ange
s
0105
Ad
apta
tion
in L
ives
tock
Se
ctor
An
imal
reso
urce
s dev
elop
men
t – 4
0%
Rum
inan
t bre
edin
g –
30%
48
H
ighe
r am
bien
t tem
pera
ture
s, a
s wel
l as f
lood
s and
dro
ught
s, a
re li
kely
to
adv
erse
ly a
ffect
pou
ltry
and
lives
tock
. It i
s nec
essa
ry to
und
erst
and
thes
e pr
oces
ses,
dev
elop
app
ropr
iate
ada
ptiv
e m
easu
res,
fiel
d te
st
them
and
mak
e th
em a
vaila
ble
to li
vest
ock
and
poul
try
farm
ers,
man
y of
who
m a
re a
mon
g th
e po
ores
t and
mos
t vul
nera
ble
peop
le in
the
coun
try.
01
06
Adap
tatio
n in
Hea
lth
Sect
or
Erad
icat
ion
of p
ests
and
dis
ease
s – 8
5%
Hea
lth in
itiat
ives
(ars
enic
miti
gatio
n, w
ater
su
pply
, etc
.) –
70%
H
ealth
, nut
ritio
n, a
nd p
opul
atio
n pr
ojec
ts –
40
%
40
One
of t
he m
ajor
impa
cts o
f glo
bal w
arm
ing
and
clim
ate
chan
ge w
ill
be a
n in
crea
se in
vec
tor b
orne
dis
ease
s (e.
g., m
alar
ia a
nd d
engu
e fe
ver).
Glo
bal w
arm
ing
will
als
o ra
ise
tem
pera
ture
s in
the
sum
mer
se
ason
, inc
reas
ing
the
inci
denc
e of
hea
t str
okes
, whi
ch c
ould
be
furt
her a
ggra
vate
d by
shor
tage
s of d
rinki
ng w
ater
. 01
07
Wat
er a
nd sa
nita
tion
prog
ram
me
for c
limat
e vu
lner
able
are
as
Wat
er su
pply
& sa
nita
tion
activ
ities
in
cycl
one
pron
e co
asta
l are
as –
80%
Ru
ral d
evel
opm
ent t
hrou
gh w
ater
-re
sour
ce m
anag
emen
t – 4
5%
Emer
genc
y m
easu
res/
wat
er su
pply
– 4
0%
Coas
tal t
own
wat
er su
pply
and
se
wer
age/
drai
nage
– 3
0%
Wat
er tr
eatm
ent/
wat
er su
pply
/san
itatio
n an
d dr
aina
ge d
evel
opm
ent–
30%
De
ep T
ube
Wel
ls –
30%
46
The
incr
easi
ng p
reva
lenc
e of
dro
ught
s will
adv
erse
ly a
ffect
ava
ilabi
lity
of su
rface
wat
er a
nd d
rinki
ng w
ater
from
and
will
requ
ire in
vest
men
t in
deep
set g
roun
d w
ater
tech
nolo
gies
, con
serv
atio
n of
wat
er a
nd ra
infa
ll ha
rves
ting,
in so
me
regi
ons.
Als
o, in
the
coas
tal z
one,
as s
ea le
vel r
ises
, sa
linity
will
mov
e in
land
mak
ing
safe
drin
king
ava
ilabi
lity
a bi
g ch
alle
nge.
Urb
an a
reas
are
like
ly to
be
espe
cial
ly v
ulne
rabl
e to
re
duce
d su
rface
and
gro
undw
ater
ava
ilabi
lity.
0108
Li
velih
ood
prot
ectio
n in
ec
olog
ical
ly fr
agile
and
cl
imat
e vu
lner
able
zone
s
Cons
erva
tion
– 75
%
Coas
tal e
nviro
nmen
tal –
60%
Li
velih
ood
enha
ncem
ent –
40%
Ro
ads a
nd h
ighw
ay c
onst
ruct
ion
in c
ritic
al
regi
ons/
hots
pots
- 40
%
Char
(riv
erin
e si
lt is
land
)/co
asta
l mar
ket
deve
lopm
ent –
40%
W
ildlif
e pr
otec
tion
– 40
%
52
Ecol
ogic
ally
frag
ile a
reas
and
eco
syst
ems m
ay b
ecom
e m
ore
so d
ue to
ch
ange
s in
tem
pera
ture
and
mor
e er
ratic
rain
fall
patte
rns.
Clim
ate
rela
ted
disa
ster
s may
des
troy
peo
ple'
s hom
es, a
nd in
com
es a
nd
empl
oym
ent c
ould
be
thre
aten
ed in
man
y ar
eas.
Affe
cted
regi
ons a
re
likel
y to
incl
ude
the
coas
tal z
one,
rive
r cha
rs, h
illy
area
s (e.
g., t
he H
ill
Trac
ts) a
nd in
land
wet
land
are
as.
0109
Li
velih
ood
prot
ectio
n of
Co
asta
l-are
a lif
esav
ing/
live
lihoo
ds –
70%
38
Th
e po
or a
nd th
e no
n-po
or w
ill b
e af
fect
ed d
iffer
ently
by
clim
ate
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 71
Code
N
ew R
elev
ance
Crit
eria
(a
ligne
d w
ith B
CCSA
P Pr
ogra
mm
es)
Rele
vanc
e Cr
iteria
and
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t (%
) in
CFF
2014
7
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (%
) Ra
tiona
le fo
r new
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t
vuln
erab
le so
cio-
ec
onom
ic g
roup
s (in
clud
ing
wom
en)
Soci
al p
rote
ctio
n –
50%
As
hroy
an (s
helte
r) pr
ojec
ts –
50%
Co
asta
l-are
a na
gors
(por
t tow
ns) p
over
ty
redu
ctio
n –
50%
AI
Gs –
30%
Ru
ral a
rea
pove
rty
redu
ctio
n –
30%
Co
asta
l-are
a ru
ral d
evel
opm
ent/
reso
urce
m
anag
emen
t – 3
0%
Chat
togr
am H
ill T
ract
s inf
rast
ruct
ure
deve
lopm
ent,
etc
– 25
%
Seric
ultu
re d
evel
opm
ent,
etc.
– 2
0%
Deve
lopm
ent o
f urb
an sl
um d
wel
lers
, etc
. –
10%
chan
ge im
pact
s bec
ause
of t
heir
cont
rast
ing
asse
t bas
es a
nd in
com
es.
Wom
en a
nd c
hild
ren
are
gene
rally
mor
e vu
lner
able
than
men
, es
peci
ally
in p
oor h
ouse
hold
s, a
nd a
ll pr
ogra
mm
es w
ill th
us p
riorit
ise
the
need
s of w
omen
and
chi
ldre
n. In
som
e ca
ses,
the
prog
ram
me
will
pr
ovid
e pr
otec
tion
agai
nst l
oss o
f em
ploy
men
t and
inco
me,
in o
ther
s,
heal
th n
eeds
may
be
mor
e ac
ute;
and
for s
ome
soci
al w
elfa
re
mea
sure
s thr
ough
tran
sfer
pro
gram
mes
may
be
nece
ssar
y.
02
Com
preh
ensi
ve d
isas
ter m
anag
emen
t
0201
Im
prov
emen
t of f
lood
fo
reca
stin
g an
d ea
rly
war
ning
syst
ems
War
ning
and
fore
cast
ing/
m
eteo
rolo
gica
l/wea
ther
/hyd
rolo
gy –
75%
61
Ba
ngla
desh
is h
ighl
y re
gard
ed fo
r its
com
pete
nce
in fl
ood
fore
cast
ing
and
early
war
ning
syst
ems.
The
fore
cast
s are
rele
ased
thro
ugh
e-m
ails
as
wel
l as p
lace
d on
a w
eb-s
ite. H
owev
er, t
here
is sc
ope
for
impr
ovem
ent.
It w
ould
be
help
ful t
o co
mm
uniti
es a
nd th
e au
thor
ities
to
hav
e lo
nger
rang
e fo
reca
sts,
eve
n th
ough
they
are
not
alw
ays
relia
ble.
02
02
Impr
ovem
ent o
f cyc
lone
an
d st
orm
-sur
ge w
arni
ng
War
ning
and
fore
cast
ing/
m
eteo
rolo
gica
l/wea
ther
/hyd
rolo
gy –
75%
68
Di
ssem
inat
ion
of c
yclo
ne a
nd st
orm
-sur
ge w
arni
ngs i
s don
e, a
t co
mm
unity
leve
l, th
roug
h th
e Cy
clon
e Pr
epar
edne
ss P
rogr
amm
e (C
PP)
Volu
ntee
rs o
f the
Ban
glad
esh
Red
Cres
cent
Soc
iety
(BDR
CS).
Ther
e is
th
us a
n ur
gent
nee
d to
revi
ew th
e sy
stem
and
mak
e im
prov
emen
ts,
whe
re n
eces
sary
. 02
03
Awar
enes
s rai
sing
and
pu
blic
edu
catio
n to
war
ds
clim
ate
resi
lienc
e
Clim
ate-
rela
ted
capa
city
bu
ildin
g/re
habi
litat
ion
– 75
%
Awar
enes
s bui
ldin
g –
30%
46
Bang
lade
sh h
as d
evel
oped
a c
ompr
ehen
sive
and
effe
ctiv
e di
sast
er
man
agem
ent s
yste
m. T
he S
tand
ing
Ord
er o
n Di
sast
er p
rovi
des
guid
ance
to lo
cal c
omm
uniti
es a
nd th
e au
thor
ities
, at v
ario
us le
vels
, on
thei
r rol
es a
nd re
spon
sibi
litie
s dur
ing
and
imm
edia
tely
afte
r a
disa
ster
has
stru
ck. I
t als
o la
ys o
ut p
roce
dure
s for
ale
rtin
g lo
cal
com
mun
ities
whe
n a
disa
ster
such
as a
floo
d, c
yclo
ne o
r sto
rm-s
urge
is
likel
y to
occ
ur.
0204
Ri
sk m
anag
emen
t aga
inst
lo
ss o
f inc
ome
and
Emer
genc
y di
sast
er d
amag
e/ h
aor-
area
re
habi
litat
ion,
rura
l inf
rast
ruct
ure
in
77
Com
mun
ities
and
fam
ilies
try
to c
limat
e pr
oof i
n se
vera
l way
s (e.
g.,
rais
ing
the
mou
nds o
n w
hich
they
bui
ld th
eir h
ouse
s to
prot
ect t
hem
72 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
N
ew R
elev
ance
Crit
eria
(a
ligne
d w
ith B
CCSA
P Pr
ogra
mm
es)
Rele
vanc
e Cr
iteria
and
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t (%
) in
CFF
2014
7
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (%
) Ra
tiona
le fo
r new
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t
prop
erty
co
asta
l are
as –
80%
Vu
lner
able
gro
up d
evel
opm
ent –
70%
Ec
onom
ic d
evel
opm
ent f
or p
oore
st p
eopl
e –
50%
Ru
ral l
ivel
ihoo
ds, p
over
ty re
duct
ion
thro
ugh
lives
tock
/ fis
herie
s/ag
ricul
tura
l pro
duct
ion
– 50
%
from
floo
ds a
nd th
e us
e of
ada
pted
var
ietie
s of c
rops
). In
add
ition
, in
sura
nce
agai
nst c
limat
e-re
late
d lo
sses
may
als
o be
an
effe
ctiv
e ris
k re
duct
ion
mec
hani
sm. A
dapt
ive
insu
ranc
e pr
oduc
ts sh
ould
be
deve
lope
d fo
r peo
ple,
hou
seho
lds a
nd e
nter
pris
es a
gain
st c
limat
e re
late
d lo
sses
.
03
Infr
astr
uctu
re
03
01
Repa
ir an
d m
aint
enan
ce
of e
xist
ing
flood
em
bank
men
ts
Floo
d co
ntro
l – 6
0%
City
out
er ri
ng-r
oad
– 50
%
Rive
r dam
s for
aug
men
ting
food
pr
oduc
tion/
food
Sec
urity
– 5
0%
Reha
bilit
atio
n of
em
bank
men
ts (i
nteg
rate
d pr
ojec
t are
as) –
40%
68
Eart
hen
emba
nkm
ents
hav
e be
en c
onst
ruct
ed b
y BW
DB, a
long
mos
t m
ajor
and
med
ium
-siz
ed ri
vers
in th
e co
untr
y an
d so
me
min
or ri
vers
. Th
e he
ight
s of t
he e
mba
nkm
ents
wer
e de
sign
ed b
ased
on
rece
nt
maj
or fl
oods
and
/or s
tatis
tical
ana
lysi
s of p
ast r
iver
stag
e da
ta. M
any
of
thes
e em
bank
men
ts a
re in
poo
r sha
pe d
ue to
lack
of p
rope
r m
aint
enan
ce.
0302
Re
pair
and
mai
nten
ance
of
exi
stin
g cy
clon
e sh
elte
rs
Cycl
one
shel
ters
/pre
pare
dnes
s – 9
5%
Rais
ing
road
s and
hom
este
ads i
n co
asta
l ar
eas –
80%
70
The
cycl
one
shel
ters
in B
angl
ades
h ar
e co
nsid
ered
a m
ajor
succ
ess
amon
g di
sast
er m
anag
emen
t pro
fess
iona
ls. H
owev
er, d
urin
g Cy
clon
e Si
dr, m
any
peop
le w
ho so
ught
refu
ge in
cyc
lone
shel
ters
wer
e sc
ared
fo
r the
ir sa
fety
bec
ause
of t
he p
oor c
ondi
tion
of th
e st
ruct
ures
. As
anot
her s
torm
surg
e m
ay h
it th
e co
ast o
f Ban
glad
esh,
any
time,
and
at
any
loca
tion,
cyc
lone
shel
ters
alo
ng th
e en
tire
coas
tal b
elt m
ust b
e ur
gent
ly m
ade
fully
func
tiona
l and
ope
ratio
nal
0303
Re
pair
and
mai
nten
ance
of
exi
stin
g co
asta
l pol
ders
Co
asta
l clim
ate-
resi
lient
infra
stru
ctur
e im
prov
emen
t – 9
5%
New
/red
esig
ned
dyke
s – 7
5%
City
ber
ee b
adh
(pro
tect
ion
wal
l) –
50%
80
The
coas
tal b
elt o
f Ban
glad
esh
face
s sev
ere
cycl
onic
wea
ther
and
st
orm
surg
es a
t reg
ular
inte
rval
s. It
is p
redi
cted
that
such
nat
ural
ca
lam
ities
will
hit
the
coas
tal b
elt w
ith in
crea
sing
freq
uenc
y an
d in
tens
ity. T
he e
xper
ienc
e of
Cyc
lone
Sid
r, in
200
7, sh
ows t
hat d
amag
e w
as th
e gr
eate
st in
unp
rote
cted
are
as a
nd w
here
the
stor
m su
rge
had
brea
ched
the
dyke
(e.g
., in
Sou
thkh
ali o
f Sha
rank
hola
Tha
na).
03
04
Impr
ovem
ent o
f urb
an
drai
nage
Co
asta
l tow
n in
frast
ruct
ure
– 75
%
Elim
inat
ing
wat
er-lo
ggin
g in
city
are
as –
50
%
Wat
er lo
ggin
g –
30%
Br
idge
/cul
vert
con
stru
ctio
n –
20%
61
The
curr
ent s
torm
dra
inag
e sy
stem
s of t
he m
ajor
citi
es w
ere
desig
ned
usin
g hi
stor
ical
rain
fall
data
. It i
s lik
ely
that
thes
e de
sign
cap
aciti
es w
ill
be e
xcee
ded
in fu
ture
. One
of t
he m
ajor
impa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge is
lik
ely
to b
e an
incr
ease
in th
e nu
mbe
r of e
piso
des o
f sho
rt d
urat
ion
and
heav
y ra
infa
ll. T
his w
ill re
sult
in w
ater
logg
ing
due
to d
rain
age
cong
estio
n
0305
Ad
apta
tion
agai
nst f
lood
s Di
sast
er re
lief a
nd fo
od-r
elat
ed
70
One
of t
he m
ain
impa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge w
ill b
e th
e in
crea
sed
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 73
Code
N
ew R
elev
ance
Crit
eria
(a
ligne
d w
ith B
CCSA
P Pr
ogra
mm
es)
Rele
vanc
e Cr
iteria
and
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t (%
) in
CFF
2014
7
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (%
) Ra
tiona
le fo
r new
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t
prog
ram
mes
– 9
5%
Inte
grat
ed fl
ood
prot
ectio
n fo
r co
mm
uniti
es –
80%
frequ
ency
and
inte
nsity
(dur
atio
n an
d le
vel)
of fl
oods
. In
view
of t
his,
hy
drol
ogic
al m
odel
ling
of th
e Br
ahm
aput
ra-G
ange
s-M
eghn
a ba
sin,
for
diffe
rent
clim
ate
chan
ge sc
enar
ios i
s nee
ded
to e
stim
ate
futu
re ri
ver
flow
s and
floo
d ris
ks. K
ey n
on-s
truc
tura
l mea
sure
s for
floo
d m
anag
emen
t inc
lude
floo
d pr
oofin
g an
d flo
od p
lain
zoni
ng.
0306
Ad
apta
tion
agai
nst f
utur
e cy
clon
es a
nd st
orm
-su
rges
Cycl
one
shel
ters
/pre
pare
dnes
s – 9
5%
Rais
ing
road
s and
hom
este
ads i
n co
asta
l ar
eas –
80%
Cy
clon
e re
cove
ry a
nd re
stor
atio
n –
75%
72
To p
rote
ct th
e co
asta
l bel
t, an
ext
ensi
ve n
etw
ork
of p
olde
rs h
as
alre
ady
been
con
stru
cted
. How
ever
, with
the
sea
leve
l ris
es e
xpec
ted
as a
resu
lt of
clim
ate
chan
ge, t
he h
eigh
ts o
f the
dyk
es w
ill n
eed
to b
e ra
ised
furt
her.
With
sea
leve
l ris
e, d
rain
age
cong
estio
n m
ay b
ecom
e a
maj
or p
robl
em in
the
pold
ers.
The
impo
rtan
ce o
f thi
ck b
elts
of
man
grov
es in
redu
cing
the
dest
ruct
ive
capa
city
of s
torm
surg
es, w
as
dem
onst
rate
d du
ring
Cycl
one
Sidr
. An
expa
nsio
n of
the
'gre
en b
elts
' w
ould
affo
rd e
xtra
pro
tect
ion
and
incr
ease
live
lihoo
ds o
ppor
tuni
ties
for t
he p
oor.
0307
Pl
anni
ng, d
esig
n an
d co
nstr
uctio
n of
rive
r tr
aini
ng w
orks
Coas
tal a
reas
bar
rage
/ riv
er e
rosi
on
prot
ectio
n –
75%
Co
asta
l-are
a de
velo
pmen
t, e.
g. c
hars
(silt
is
land
s in
river
s) –
70%
Co
asta
l tow
n pr
otec
tion
– 60
%
Rive
r ero
sion
– 3
0%
Rive
r tra
inin
g –
20%
48
Rive
r ban
k er
osio
n ha
s sev
ere
impa
cts o
n th
e liv
elih
oods
of a
ffect
ed
peop
le. I
n vi
ew o
f thi
s, ri
ver t
rain
ing
wor
ks sh
ould
be
take
n up
in a
n or
gani
zed
and
com
preh
ensi
ve fa
shio
n, a
s par
t of a
long
term
pr
ogra
mm
e. S
ever
al c
ompo
nent
s of t
he F
lood
Act
ion
Plan
focu
sed
on
river
trai
ning
wor
ks. H
ydro
-dyn
amic
mod
ellin
g ex
erci
ses w
ill a
ssis
t us
in e
stab
lishi
ng th
e co
sts o
f riv
er tr
aini
ng th
at m
ay re
sult
from
clim
ate
chan
ge.
0308
Pl
anni
ng, d
esig
n an
d im
plem
enta
tion
of
resu
scita
tion
of th
e ne
twor
k of
rive
rs a
nd
khal
s thr
ough
dre
dgin
g an
d de
-sal
utat
ions
wor
k
Rive
r res
tora
tion/
dred
ging
/ ero
sion
pr
otec
tion
– 50
%
Cana
l im
prov
emen
t – 3
0%
68
Due
to c
limat
e ch
ange
hug
e ra
infa
ll w
ithin
shor
t dur
atio
n ar
e lik
ely
to
incr
ease
. Thi
s wou
ld re
sult
in so
il er
osio
n fro
m w
ater
shed
s. Th
is w
ill
add
to se
dim
ent l
oads
and
get
dep
osite
d in
to th
e riv
er a
nd c
anal
bed
s an
d si
lted
up. T
his m
ay b
e ac
com
plis
hed
by c
omm
erci
al d
redg
ing
wor
k fo
r big
rive
rs. W
here
the
cana
ls a
re sm
all,
man
ual l
abou
r will
be
a vi
able
alte
rnat
ive.
04
Re
sear
ch a
nd k
now
ledg
e m
anag
emen
t
0401
Es
tabl
ishm
ent o
f a c
entr
e fo
r res
earc
h, k
now
ledg
e m
anag
emen
t and
trai
ning
on
clim
ate
chan
ge
Safa
ri/ec
o-pa
rk –
30%
Co
asta
l-are
a in
frast
ruct
ure
rese
arch
, etc
. –
30%
IC
T, e
duca
tion/
trai
ning
/wor
k –
30%
70
A co
mpr
ehen
sive
mov
e to
war
ds a
dapt
atio
n an
d m
itiga
tion
supp
orte
d by
tech
nolo
gy tr
ansf
er a
nd fi
nanc
ial f
low
s (as
env
isag
ed in
the
BCCS
AP) r
equi
res a
n up
-gra
ded
syst
em o
f kno
wle
dge
crea
tion,
di
ssem
inat
ion
and
trai
ning
. 04
02
Clim
ate
Chan
ge M
odel
ing
at N
atio
nal a
nd su
b-
90
In o
rder
to g
ener
ate
mor
e pr
ecis
e cl
imat
e ch
ange
scen
ario
s for
Ba
ngla
desh
, it i
s nec
essa
ry to
dev
elop
app
ropr
iate
GCM
mod
els.
Thes
e
74 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
N
ew R
elev
ance
Crit
eria
(a
ligne
d w
ith B
CCSA
P Pr
ogra
mm
es)
Rele
vanc
e Cr
iteria
and
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t (%
) in
CFF
2014
7
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (%
) Ra
tiona
le fo
r new
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t
natio
nal l
evel
s m
odel
s sho
uld
be c
alib
rate
d do
wn
to d
istr
ict a
nd su
b-di
stric
t lev
els
and
team
s of s
peci
alis
ts sh
ould
be
able
to w
ork
on se
lect
ed m
odel
s, to
si
mul
ate
futu
re c
ondi
tions
und
er d
iffer
ent s
cena
rios a
nd a
ssum
ptio
ns.
0403
Pr
epar
ator
y st
udie
s for
Ad
apta
tion
agai
nst s
ea
leve
l ris
e an
d its
impa
cts
84
Th
e se
a le
vel r
ise
thre
aten
s the
low
-lyin
g co
asta
l bel
t and
smal
l is
land
s. M
uch
of o
ur c
oast
is p
rote
cted
with
4 to
5-m
eter
-hig
h dy
kes
and
will
be
furt
her p
rote
cted
with
add
ition
al p
lann
ed p
olde
rs. T
he
mai
n im
pact
s of S
LR w
ould
be:
-
salin
ity in
gres
s cau
sing
the
river
s in
the
coas
tal b
elt t
o be
com
e br
acki
sh o
r sal
ine.
Thi
s wou
ld h
ave
serio
us im
pact
s on
prod
uctio
n of
food
gra
ins
- ris
es in
rive
r lev
els,
whi
ch w
ould
impe
de d
rain
age
from
pol
ders
, re
sulti
ng in
wat
er lo
ggin
g, w
hich
wou
ld a
lso
adve
rsel
y af
fect
ag
ricul
ture
04
04
Mon
itorin
g of
Eco
syst
em
and
Bio-
div
ersi
ty
chan
ges a
nd th
eir
impa
cts
Land
-use
cha
nge
– 30
%
40
Salin
ity le
vels
are
als
o lik
ely
to in
crea
se si
gnifi
cant
ly in
the
coas
tal b
elt.
Man
grov
e ec
osys
tem
s whi
ch a
re a
lread
y un
der s
erio
us st
ress
for
anth
ropo
geni
c re
ason
s will
suffe
r hea
vily
due
to fu
rthe
r inc
reas
es in
sa
linity
. The
se c
ould
alte
r the
ent
ire e
cosy
stem
of t
he S
unda
rban
s and
ca
use
the
extin
ctio
n of
som
e sp
ecie
s 04
05
Mac
roec
onom
ic a
nd
sect
oral
eco
nom
ic
impa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge
83
Ba
ngla
desh
has
bee
n ex
perie
ncin
g st
rong
eco
nom
ic g
row
th in
rece
nt
year
s and
is o
n tra
ck to
bec
ome
a m
iddl
e-in
com
e co
untr
y by
202
0. It
is
impo
rtan
t tha
t we
unde
rsta
nd th
e im
pact
s tha
t clim
ate
chan
ge w
ill
have
on
(a) m
acro
-eco
nom
ic g
row
th a
nd st
abili
ty; (
b) d
iffer
ent s
ecto
rs
of th
e ec
onom
y, a
nd (c
) diff
eren
t reg
ions
and
soci
o-ec
onom
ic g
roup
s,
in th
e sh
ort,
med
ium
and
long
term
s.
0406
M
onito
ring
of In
tern
al a
nd
Exte
rnal
Mig
ratio
n an
d pr
ovid
ing
supp
ort o
f ca
paci
ty b
uild
ing
for
reha
bilit
atio
n
48
Th
e ar
eas t
hat w
ill su
ffer f
rom
maj
or im
pact
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
will
lo
se in
live
lihoo
d op
port
uniti
es a
nd fa
ce re
duct
ion
in p
rodu
ctiv
ity in
ag
ricul
ture
sect
or. T
he w
orst
affe
cted
are
as w
ill b
e th
e co
asta
l bel
t of
the
coun
try.
The
wat
er in
the
who
le c
oast
al b
elt w
ill b
ecom
e sa
line
as
the
leve
l of s
ea ri
ses g
radu
ally
. Inc
reas
e of
freq
uenc
y of
cyc
loni
c w
eath
er w
ill im
pact
live
lihoo
ds o
f fis
herm
en. P
eopl
e w
ill b
e fo
rced
to
mov
e ou
t to
area
s in
sear
ch o
f saf
ety
and
livel
ihoo
d. A
noth
er im
pact
of
clim
ate
chan
ge w
ill b
e in
the
form
of i
ncre
ase
in ri
ver b
ank
eros
ion.
04
07
Mon
itorin
g of
impa
ct fo
r m
anag
emen
t of T
ouris
m
Infra
stru
ctur
e re
sear
ch –
10%
To
uris
m fa
cilit
ies d
evel
opm
ent,
etc.
- 5%
32
Ba
ngla
desh
has
maj
or p
oten
tial f
or b
oth
com
mer
cial
tour
ism
and
ec
otou
rism
. Com
mer
cial
tour
ism
is n
ot fu
lly d
evel
oped
. Eco
tour
ism
is
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 75
Code
N
ew R
elev
ance
Crit
eria
(a
ligne
d w
ith B
CCSA
P Pr
ogra
mm
es)
Rele
vanc
e Cr
iteria
and
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t (%
) in
CFF
2014
7
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (%
) Ra
tiona
le fo
r new
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t
and
impr
ovem
ent o
f pr
iorit
y ac
tion
plan
in
the
grow
th p
ath.
Tou
rism
sect
or m
ust m
ake
effo
rt to
min
imiz
e ad
vers
e im
pact
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
thro
ugh
poss
ible
redu
ctio
n in
gr
eenh
ouse
gas
es e
mis
sion
. 05
M
itiga
tion
and
low
-car
bon
deve
lopm
ent
05
01
Impr
oved
Ene
rgy
effic
ienc
y N
ucle
ar p
ower
– 9
0%
Soci
al a
nd e
nviro
nmen
tal s
tand
ard
indu
strie
s pro
ject
– 4
0%
69
We
shou
ld c
aref
ully
ass
ess h
ow w
e ca
n be
com
e m
ore
effic
ient
in
prod
ucin
g an
d co
nsum
ing
ener
gy. T
his w
ill in
volv
e id
entif
ying
any
te
chni
cal,
econ
omic
or r
egul
ator
y/ p
olic
y co
nstr
aint
s to
help
impr
ove
perfo
rman
ce a
nd to
lear
n ho
w th
ese
cons
trai
nts c
an b
e ov
erco
me.
05
02
Gas E
xplo
ratio
n an
d re
serv
oir m
anag
emen
t O
il-ga
s exp
lora
tion/
ener
gy –
40%
28
Ba
ngla
desh
has
mod
est r
eser
ves o
f nat
ural
gas
. Kno
wn
rese
rves
are
ex
pect
ed to
be
used
up
in a
bout
a d
ecad
e. F
urth
er g
as e
xplo
ratio
n is
po
ssib
le. F
indi
ng n
ew g
as re
serv
es w
ould
incr
ease
the
coun
try'
s ene
rgy
secu
rity
and
may
mak
e it
poss
ible
to re
mai
n on
a lo
w c
arbo
n gr
owth
pa
th b
ecau
se n
atur
al g
as is
the
clea
nest
of a
ll fo
ssil
fuel
s in
term
s of
CO2
emis
sion
. 05
03
Deve
lopm
ent o
f coa
l m
ines
and
coa
l fire
d po
wer
stat
ion
Envi
ronm
ent (
clea
n ai
r) –
50%
12
Ba
ngla
desh
is g
eolo
gica
lly o
ne o
f the
leas
t exp
lore
d co
untr
ies.
H
owev
er, t
he e
xplo
ratio
n th
at h
as ta
ken
plac
e, in
dica
tes t
hat t
here
m
ay b
e su
bsta
ntia
l am
ount
s of c
oal a
t sha
llow
dep
ths i
n so
me
part
s of
the
coun
try.
Ban
glad
esh
wou
ld n
eed
to in
vest
in 'c
lean
coa
l te
chno
logy
' for
pow
er g
ener
atio
n. S
uch
tech
nolo
gy is
not
che
ap a
nd
wou
ld h
ave
to b
e im
port
ed.
0504
Re
new
able
ene
rgy
deve
lopm
ent
Pow
er/s
olar
ene
rgy
– 80
%
Bord
er-a
rea
elec
trifi
catio
n th
roug
h so
lar
pow
er –
50%
81
The
scop
e fo
r dev
elop
ing
rene
wab
le e
nerg
y su
pplie
s (e.
g., s
olar
, win
d,
tidal
, geo
ther
mal
and
mod
ern
biom
ass t
echn
olog
ies)
has
not
bee
n ex
plor
ed w
ell i
n Ba
ngla
desh
. The
re is
som
e us
e of
sola
r pow
er fo
r lim
ited
dom
estic
pur
pose
s. T
he p
oten
tial o
f har
vest
ing
win
d en
ergy
, th
ough
reco
gniz
ed fo
r man
y ye
ars,
has n
ot p
rodu
ced
tang
ible
resu
lts
so fa
r. Th
e tid
al ra
nge
of th
e co
asta
l bel
t is c
onsi
dere
d to
be
adeq
uate
fo
r the
gen
erat
ion
of ti
dal p
ower
. How
ever
, the
re h
as n
ot b
een
any
atte
mpt
to h
arve
st su
ch e
nerg
y.
0505
Lo
wer
em
issi
on fr
om
agric
ultu
ral l
and
Bio-
fert
ilize
r pla
nt/h
ydro
carb
on u
nit –
40%
60
Em
issi
on o
f gre
enho
use
gase
s (GH
Gs) f
rom
agr
icul
tura
l lan
d is
a m
ajor
co
ncer
n. W
et a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
prod
uces
met
hane
(CH
4). N
itrog
enou
s (N
2) fe
rtili
zers
als
o co
ntrib
ute
to G
HG
emis
sion
. A m
ajor
reas
on fo
r m
etha
ne e
mis
sion
s is t
hat r
ice
field
s are
kep
t con
tinuo
usly
floo
ded,
w
hich
scie
ntis
ts n
ow sa
y is
unn
eces
sary
. 05
06
Man
agem
ent o
f urb
an
Vege
tabl
e pr
oduc
tion,
dev
elop
men
t 46
A
maj
or p
ortio
n of
the
urba
n w
aste
of B
angl
ades
h is
com
pose
d of
76 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
N
ew R
elev
ance
Crit
eria
(a
ligne
d w
ith B
CCSA
P Pr
ogra
mm
es)
Rele
vanc
e Cr
iteria
and
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t (%
) in
CFF
2014
7
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (%
) Ra
tiona
le fo
r new
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t
was
te
thro
ugh
orga
nic
was
te u
ses –
50%
or
gani
c m
ater
ials
, whi
ch p
rodu
ce m
etha
ne (C
H4)
as t
hey
deco
mpo
se.
The
unit
cont
ribut
ion
of m
etha
ne to
glo
bal w
arm
ing
is m
uch
high
er
than
that
of c
arbo
n di
oxid
e. M
etha
ne c
ould
be
capt
ured
for
subs
eque
nt u
se o
r was
te c
ould
be
inci
nera
ted
to p
rodu
ce e
lect
ricity
. Pr
oper
man
agem
ent o
f urb
an w
aste
cou
ld th
us b
e an
impo
rtan
t are
a fo
r miti
gatio
n w
hile
ens
urin
g a
clea
ner c
ity. F
urth
erm
ore,
the
low
ered
em
issi
ons c
ould
be
trad
ed in
the
carb
on m
arke
t 05
07
Fore
stat
ion
and
refo
rest
atio
n pr
ogra
m
Coas
tal f
ores
tatio
n –
90%
H
ill-a
rea
affo
rest
atio
n –
50%
69
As
salin
ity is
exp
ecte
d to
incr
ease
with
risi
ng se
a le
vels
, em
phas
is
shou
ld b
e gi
ven
to sa
line
tole
rant
spec
ies.
For
fres
hwat
er w
etla
nds,
su
itabl
e su
bmer
genc
e to
lera
nt sp
ecie
s suc
h as
Hijo
l and
Kor
och,
whi
ch
can
also
pro
tect
aga
inst
wav
e er
osio
n, c
ould
be
used
Muc
h of
Go
vern
men
t ow
ned
rese
rve
fore
st la
nd is
larg
ely
with
out t
rees
. Soc
ial
and
hom
este
ad fo
rest
ry h
as g
athe
red
mom
entu
m in
rece
nt y
ears
. It
need
s to
be fu
rthe
r enc
oura
ged
as it
supp
orts
the
livel
ihoo
ds o
f the
po
or a
nd lo
cal c
omm
uniti
es
0508
Ra
pid
expa
nsio
n of
en
ergy
savi
ng D
evic
es e
.g.
CFL
68
Pr
esen
tly th
ere
is sh
orta
ge o
f com
mer
cial
ene
rgy
in th
e co
untr
y an
d ur
gent
pro
gram
mes
are
bei
ng p
lann
ed fo
r gen
erat
ion
of m
ore
elec
tric
ity. B
angl
ades
h sh
ould
take
all
out e
ffort
s to
min
imiz
e th
e us
e of
ene
rgy.
One
such
maj
or d
omai
n w
here
ene
rgy
savi
ng m
echa
nism
ca
n be
pus
hed
is in
trod
uctio
n of
mor
e an
d m
ore
ener
gy sa
ving
ligh
ting
in d
omes
tic a
s wel
l as i
ndus
tria
l uni
ts.
0509
En
ergy
and
wat
er
effic
ienc
y in
bui
lt en
viro
nmen
t
48
H
uge
volu
mes
of w
ater
are
con
sum
ed in
the
ener
gy se
ctor
for
gene
ratin
g el
ectr
icity
, nat
ural
gas
, and
oth
er fu
els u
sed
in b
uild
ings
. At
the
sam
e tim
e, si
gnifi
cant
ene
rgy
is u
sed
to p
ump,
trea
t, an
d us
e th
e w
ater
that
is c
onsu
med
in b
uild
ings
to p
rote
ct th
e he
alth
of i
ts
occu
pant
s. 05
10
Impr
ovin
g in
ene
rgy
cons
umpt
ion
patte
rn in
tr
ansp
ort s
ecto
r and
op
tions
for m
itiga
tion
28
Th
e tr
ansp
ort s
ecto
r acc
ount
s for
a la
rge
shar
e of
glo
bal g
reen
hous
e ga
s em
issi
ons a
nd th
is sh
are
is e
xpec
ted
to g
row
ove
r the
com
ing
deca
des.
Thou
gh tr
ansp
ort s
hare
of e
mis
sion
of B
angl
ades
h is
low
but
en
ergy
con
sum
ptio
n is
gro
win
g m
uch
fast
er th
an a
ny o
ther
sect
ors.
M
any
vehi
cle
tech
nolo
gies
that
hav
e be
en p
ropo
sed
by d
evel
oped
co
untr
ies t
o re
duce
GHG
em
issi
ons m
ay n
ot b
e fe
asib
le in
Ban
glad
esh
beca
use
of th
eir h
igh
initi
al c
ost a
nd la
ck o
f inf
rast
ruct
ure.
Nec
essa
ry
actio
ns n
eed
to b
e ta
ken
tow
ards
low
car
bon
trans
port
.
Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology 77
Code
N
ew R
elev
ance
Crit
eria
(a
ligne
d w
ith B
CCSA
P Pr
ogra
mm
es)
Rele
vanc
e Cr
iteria
and
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t (%
) in
CFF
2014
7
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (%
) Ra
tiona
le fo
r new
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t
06
Capa
city
bui
ldin
g an
d in
stitu
tiona
l str
engt
heni
ng
06
01
Revi
sion
of s
ecto
r pol
icie
s fo
r clim
ate
resi
lienc
e Fo
od p
olic
y –
40%
Po
licy
supp
ort f
or w
ater
supp
ly –
25%
68
Cl
imat
e ch
ange
man
agem
ent n
eeds
to b
e in
tegr
ated
into
the
deve
lopm
ent a
ctiv
ities
of d
iffer
ent s
ecto
rs. S
ecto
ral p
olic
y st
atem
ents
ne
ed to
be
mod
ified
to ta
ke a
ccou
nt o
f and
bec
ome
cons
iste
nt w
ith
clim
ate
chan
ge im
pact
s and
thei
r man
agem
ent.
The
Nat
iona
l Wat
er
Man
agem
ent P
lan
reco
gniz
es th
e ne
ed to
mak
e w
ater
sect
or a
ctiv
ities
re
silie
nt to
clim
ate
chan
ge. H
owev
er, t
he o
nly
sect
oral
pol
icy
that
ex
plic
itly
inco
rpor
ates
clim
ate
chan
ge c
onsi
dera
tions
is th
e Co
asta
l Zo
ne P
olic
y of
Ban
glad
esh,
whi
ch w
as d
rafte
d in
200
5.
0602
M
ains
trea
min
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
in N
atio
nal,
Sect
or a
nd S
patia
l De
velo
pmen
t pro
gram
Railw
ay se
ctor
impr
ovem
ent –
20%
In
tern
atio
nal t
rade
pro
mot
ion
– 20
%
Supp
ortiv
e le
gisl
ativ
e m
easu
res –
10%
77
This
will
requ
ire: (
a) in
corp
orat
ing
clim
ate
chan
ge in
to p
olic
ies,
pla
ns,
prog
ram
mes
and
pro
ject
s; (b
) est
ablis
hmen
t and
bui
ldin
g th
e ca
paci
ty
of m
inis
trie
s and
age
ncie
s; (c
) foc
usin
g w
here
clim
ate
chan
ge w
ill b
e a
key
issu
e.
0603
St
reng
then
ing
hum
an
reso
urce
cap
acity
Fi
re se
rvic
e an
d ci
vil d
efen
se –
50%
H
uman
cap
ital d
evel
opm
ent –
35%
Ca
paci
ty/r
esili
ence
bui
ldin
g –
30%
48
Due
to la
ck o
f exp
ertis
e, B
angl
ades
h ha
s bee
n un
able
to g
rasp
op
port
uniti
es to
effe
ctiv
ely
use
new
glo
bal f
inan
cial
inst
rum
ents
. Als
o,
clim
ate
chan
ge n
egot
iatio
ns h
ave
now
ent
ered
a p
hase
whe
re
cons
tant
trac
king
and
taki
ng d
ecis
ions
at s
hort
not
ice
are
requ
ired.
Ac
tiviti
es sh
ould
incl
ude
shor
t and
long
trai
ning
at h
ome
and
abro
ad,
stud
y to
urs,
exc
hang
e pr
ogra
mm
es, a
nd fi
nanc
ing
for a
ttend
ing
nego
tiatio
ns.
0604
St
reng
then
ing
Gend
er
cons
ider
atio
n in
clim
ate
chan
ge m
anag
emen
t
Prot
ectio
n of
wom
en’s
/chi
ld’s
righ
ts –
10%
26
M
ains
trea
min
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
issu
es in
nat
iona
l and
sect
oral
de
velo
pmen
t will
requ
ire st
rong
org
aniz
atio
ns a
nd a
robu
st
inst
itutio
nal f
ram
ewor
k to
ens
ure
that
the
activ
ities
are
sust
aine
d ov
er
the
next
seve
ral d
ecad
es a
nd b
eyon
d. S
ome
of th
e or
gani
zatio
ns w
ill
be n
ew (e
.g.,
clim
ate
cells
in m
inis
trie
s and
thei
r age
ncie
s); o
ther
s will
ha
ve to
be
refo
rmed
and
stre
ngth
ened
. In
all c
ases
, org
aniz
atio
ns w
ill
need
to b
e pr
ovid
ed w
ith a
dequ
ate
logi
stic
s and
oth
er fa
cilit
ies,
for
whi
ch a
dequ
ate
finan
cing
will
hav
e to
be
ensu
red.
06
05
Stre
ngth
enin
g in
stitu
tiona
l cap
acity
for
Clim
ate
Risk
Man
agem
ent
Agric
ultu
ral i
nfor
mat
ion
syst
em –
50%
Se
cond
ary
and
high
er e
duca
tion
deve
lopm
ent –
20%
Ac
cess
to in
form
atio
n –
10%
Pr
imar
y ed
ucat
ion
deve
lopm
ent –
10%
Id
entit
y ca
rds –
5%
66
Mai
nstr
eam
ing
clim
ate
chan
ge is
sues
in n
atio
nal a
nd se
ctor
al
deve
lopm
ent w
ill re
quire
stro
ng o
rgan
izat
ions
and
a ro
bust
inst
itutio
nal
fram
ewor
k to
ens
ure
that
the
activ
ities
are
sust
aine
d ov
er th
e ne
xt se
vera
l de
cade
s and
bey
ond.
The
re is
a p
ress
ing
need
to st
reng
then
a n
umbe
r of
exis
ting
orga
niza
tions
that
are
alre
ady
unde
rper
form
ing
in im
plem
entin
g th
eir r
egul
ar d
evel
opm
ent p
rogr
amm
e.
78 Climate Public Finance Tracking in Bangladesh: Approach and Methodology
Code
N
ew R
elev
ance
Crit
eria
(a
ligne
d w
ith B
CCSA
P Pr
ogra
mm
es)
Rele
vanc
e Cr
iteria
and
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t (%
) in
CFF
2014
7
Rele
vanc
e W
eigh
t (%
) Ra
tiona
le fo
r new
Rel
evan
ce W
eigh
t
0606
M
ains
trea
min
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
in th
e m
edia
Br
oadc
astin
g ne
twor
ks –
10%
Te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n –
10%
30
Ba
ngla
desh
med
ia h
as b
een
pro-
activ
e in
mou
ntin
g pu
blic
aw
aren
ess
on c
limat
e ch
ange
issu
es fo
r las
t tw
o de
cade
s. B
ut, g
iven
the
scal
e of
cl
imat
e-in
duce
d ad
vers
e im
pact
s on
the
natio
nal e
cono
my,
live
lihoo
ds
and
eco-
syst
ems,
the
peop
le re
quire
s to
mor
e aw
are
whi
le B
angl
ades
h vi
bran
t prin
t and
ele
ctro
nic
med
ia c
an p
lay
that
effe
ctiv
e ro
le in
a v
ery
com
preh
ensi
ve m
anne
r to
help
brin
g in
pos
itive
cha
nges
in p
ublic
op
inio
n to
mak
e po
licy
chan
ges.
United Nations Development ProgrammeIDB Bhaban, Begum Rokeya SharaniSher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207www.bd.undp.org