climate change and housing for the 21 st century stephen palmer place : architecture
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Climate change and
Housing for the 21st Century
Stephen PalmerPlace : architecture
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Climate Change
In 2007, the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) reported that global warming is "unequivocal" and very likely (> 90%) to be caused by human activities.
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• increase in temperature of 2.5°C by 2100
• sea-levels will rise by 49 cm over the next 100 years
• global climate will continue to change
What if we don’t act now?
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UK / EU Policy
• DIRECTIVE 2010/31/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD)
all buildings to be nZEB by 2020
• Climate Change Act 2008 (CCA)80% reduction in GHG emissions by 2050
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UK Zero Carbon Policy‘All new homes from 2016 to mitigate all on-site carbon emissions as a result of regulated energy use’: (and BREEAM / Code for Sustainable Homes)
Scrapped!Where to now?What standards and definitions to adopt?
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Zero Carbon Standard
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Regulation
Building Regulations 2013Approved Document L1A & B
SAP 2009:
• CO2 target - TER• Fabric energy efficiency - TFEE• Heating & lighting• Control of overheating• Thermal bridging• Air testing – (5m3/(m2.h)@50Pa)
• High efficiency systems (eg district heating, heat pumps)
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ZCH options
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nZEBnearly Zero Energy Buildings
– how near to zero?
Definitions?:• Primary energy / green house gas emissions?• Energy demand v. renewable energy?• Passive house principles• New / refit standards?
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Passivhaus?
• Ready for nZEB 2020• Health & wellbeing• Improved comfort and ventilation• Improved methodology PHPP• Controls the performance gap
(design, build, test) • Reduce fuel poverty
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Passivhaus principles• Minimal fabric heat losses. • Passive heat sources; sun, occupants,
appliances and heat from extract air.• Remaining space heating provided only via
supply air.
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Low energy design & planning
• Terraces and apartments • Compact, multi-storey• Orientation & glazing• Sustainable drainage• Renewable / community energy systems
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• Integrated, sustainable communities• New typologies for changing needs • Lifetime homes and neighbourhoods• Streets and places for people• Adapt / improve existing homes• City Centre / High Street regeneration?
Housing an ageing population
Lords select committee on built environment
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• Energiesprong• Enerphit• EuroPHit
Low energy Re-fit
80% of 2050 housing already built
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• Making existing homes and neighbourhoods work
• Creating integrated communities
Type-specific solutions:
• Heritage assets• Medium/high rise• Town house• Suburban• City centre
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Technology and innovation
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A sustainable future for all
Abode, Great KneightonProctor & Matthews / Countryside
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Supported housing infill project
• Disused Methodist chapel • Post war suburban estate• Neighbourhood centre• New supported
apartments • Communal / worship
space
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High rise re-fit • 1970’s high rise• Resident engagement• Structural strengthening• Re-cladding, windows and
balconies• Gardens and play space• New common rooms• Internal refurbishment• Works in occupation