Slide 1

Chemistry: Matter and ChangeClick to play audio

What is Chemistry?

Matter and changeThe study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter

The processes that matter undergoes

Why is chemistry important?

What is Chemistry?

Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass

Matter is made up of particles which are in continual, random motionMatter

Three main states of matter:SolidLiquidGasStates of Matter

States of Matter of Water

Three main states of matter:SolidLiquidGasStates of Matter

States of Matter of Water

Three main states of matter:SolidLiquidGasStates of Matter

States of Matter of WaterICEWATERSTEAM or WATER VAPOR

Particles in solids are tightly packed, vibrating about a fixed position

Solids have a definite shape and a definite volumeStates of Matter SOLID

Particle Movement

Particles of liquids are tightly packed (similar to solids), but are far enough apart to slide over one another.

Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume.

States of Matter - LIQUID

Particle Movement

Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely.

Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume. States of Matter - GAS

Particle Movement

SolidLiquid Gas MeltEvaporateCondenseFreezeSublimePhase ChangesIncreasing Temperature

States of Matter Interactive AnimationQuestions to think about:1. Click on each of the three phases. Does your understanding of particle spacing and movement from what you just learned match the animation?

2. What do you think will happen to the particles and their movement for each phase change given? Predict what will happen to the particles BEFORE clicking on each of the change processes between phases.

3. Which processes involve adding heat (increasing temperature)? Reducing heat (decreasing temperature)?

*Note: Evaporate in the prior slide is viewed as Boiling in the animation. These describe the same process.Phase Changes

Physical propertiesCharacteristics observed or measured without changing the identity of the substanceExamples, color, shape, odor, density, melting point, freezing point

Chemical propertiesThe ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical changeExamples: rusting, fermenting, combustingProperties of Matter

Physical changesThe identity of the substance remains the sameOnly the appearance changesExamples: melting a marshmallow, cutting, mixing, changing from one state of matter to another

Chemical changesChange the chemical nature and properties of substances to form new substancesOccur as a result of chemical reactionsExamples: burning a marshmallow, formation of a gas when combining soda and MentosChanges of Matter

Sugar dissolving in teaIs it a physical or chemical change?

Sugar dissolving in tea

PHYSICAL CHANGEIs it a physical or chemical change?

Fireworks explodingIs it a physical or chemical change?

Fireworks exploding

CHEMICAL CHANGEIs it a physical or chemical change?

Popcorn poppingIs it a physical or chemical change?

Popcorn popping

PHYSICAL CHANGEIs it a physical or chemical change?

Breaking a bone

Mending a boneIs it a physical or chemical change?

Breaking a bone

PHYSICAL CHANGE

Mending a bone

CHEMICAL CHANGEIs it a physical or chemical change?

Topics such as chemical reactions, signs of a chemical reaction, forms of matter (atom, element, compound, mixtures, pure substance), and the periodic table will be coveredA multi-representational view of all concepts will be sought, incorporating 2-D pictures in the lesson, animations, and supplementary websites that will help students learn about matterMore student-response sets will be generated including:More examples of physical and chemical changesExamples of different forms of matter, containing molecular as well as macroscopic picturesQuestions about the general arrangement of the periodic tableFuture directionsWhen discussing the periodic table, a multitude of interactive websites are available which can engage students, allowing them to view the different properties of each element

A self-check quiz and/or guide will be developed to help students assess their own learning. This would be one of the last slides in the presentation, with an answer key that would direct students back to slides that covered the appropriate material in the case of incorrect answers necessitating review.Future directions