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7/24/2019 Class_S&S dskurowe good and beeter

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Science and Society Health

Dr. Senthil K Venugopal

Associate Professor

South Asian University


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Healthcare Spends in the World


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Health in South Asia


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Communicable Diseases

Zaidi et al., BMJ 2004; 328:811-815.


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Communicable Diseases

Zaidi et al., BMJ 2004; 328:811-815.


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Non-Communicable Diseases

Cardiovascular Disease

Cro!ic "#structive $ul%o!ar& Disease

Dia#etes

Ca!cers


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Non-Communicable Diseases

'ie(el et al., BMJ 2014; 111:32-44.


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Disease Surveillance

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC!

)*ide%iolo(ic surveilla!ce is +o!(oi!( s&ste%atic

collectio!, a!al&sis, a!d i!ter*retatio! o ealt dataesse!tial to te *la!!i!(, i%*le%e!tatio!, a!d

evaluatio! o *u#lic ealt *ractice, closel& i!te(rated

it te ti%el& disse%i!atio! o tese data to tose

o !eed to !o./


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Disease Surveillance "mportance

Collecti!( data is %erel& o!e ste* Critical (oal is to co!trol a!dor *reve!t diseases

!& data collected %ust #e or(a!ied a!d

careull& ea%i!ed !& results !eed to #e co%%u!icated to *u#lic

ealt a!d %edical co%%u!ities


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Disease Surveillance #ses

)valuati!( i%*act o !atio!al vacci!atio!ca%*ai(!s

de!ti&i!( te disease #urde!

de!ti&i!( out#reas o i!ectious diseases

Mo!itori!( o#esit&, *&sical activit&, oteri!dicators or cro!ic diseases

Mo!itori!( e!de%ic disease tre!ds


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Prophyla$is Alternate System of %edicine

6a!i et al., J6$ 2011; 3:1722-1724


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Prophyla$is Alternate System of %edicine

6a!i et al., J6$ 2011; 3:1722-1724


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Alternate System of %edicine

6a!i et al., J6$ 2011; 3:1722-1724


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Currently Available &accines

WH' report )*+,


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&accines Developed in "ndia

Leprosy vaccine is developed by Dr. G.P. Talar


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!irth "ontrol vaccine is developed by Dr. G.P. Talar

doi:10.1038/nindia.2010.102 Published online 29 July 2010

Contraceptive vaccine bounces back

At 83, biomedical scientist Gursaran Prasad Talwar hasreason to be happy. The birth control vaccine he

developed at the All-India Institute of edical !ciences"AII!# in $ew %elhi more than three decades a&o is'nally about to see li&ht of the day. (e tal)s about thevaccine*s fascinatin& but di+cult ourney and hopes tosee it in use durin& his lifetime.

ritten by . !. /ayaraman in $ature India


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#$%VA" vaccine is produced by &"'()!harat !iotech


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(otavirus vaccine is developed by Dr. '.K. !han


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o. Cost Dia/nostics


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o. Cost Dia/nostics

0oun/ "ndia desi/ns lo.-cost healthcare

dia/nostics at 12eD$-2edesi/nin/ Dia/nostics3By EH News Bureau on February 11, 2015
http://www.financialexpress.com/author/eh-news-bureau/http://www.financialexpress.com/author/eh-news-bureau/


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4herapeutic "nterventions Dru/ Discovery

$rocess *ate!ti!( ca!(ed to $roduct *ate!ti!( se o (e!eric %edici!es 9Ba!(lades

successull& uses; a!d *ri%ar& ealtcare isstro!(

se o a!i%als or dru( discover& it *ro*era!i%al etics rules

Cli!ical trials

**roval or u%a! use


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%alnutrition 5 ife Cycle

#N"C67 report )**)


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Nutritional Disorders

ro! deicie!c& 50< %ater!al deat, etal (rotretardatio!, i!creased i!a!t %ortalit&

=ita%i! deicie!c& Bli!d!ess 9vit de. > oters

odi!e deicie!c& ?oiter, %e!tal retardatio!

Zi!c deicie!c& Daris% a!d &*o(o!adis% @olic acid deicie!c& DA s&!tesis

4reatment

'u**le%e!ts i! te diet or tae %ore !utritious ood


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Summary

?over!%e!ts sould #e *roactive i!

?etti!( te i%%u!iatio!s do!e

$ro%oti!( alter!ate s&ste% o %edici!e

$ro%oti!( dru( discover& a!d %ae e!viro!%e!tco!ducive or tis

Distri#ute te !utritio!al su**le%e!ts to *re(!a!to%e! a!d !eo!atal care

$olitical ill to co-o*erate i! i%*rovi!( te ealt o*eo*le #& *rovidi!( #etter *ri%ar& ealt care.


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Science and Society A/riculture


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7ood Security

)*8 of the .orld3s population lives in the

SAA2C re/ion

4.o thirds of this population live on the

e9uivalent of less than #S:+ a day

4he /ap ;eeps .idenin/


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7ood Security for All

+@ood securit& eists e! all *eo*le, at all ti%es, ave *&sical

a!d eco!o%ic access to suicie!t, sae a!d !utritious ood to%eet teir dietar& !eeds a!d ood *reere!ces or a! active a!d

ealt& lie/

orld @ood 'u%%it, 17

3 i%*licatio!s o te dei!itio!

deuate su**l& or all *eo*le

deuate distri#utio! ca!!els or *&sical access

deuate e!title%e!t or eco!o%ic access

$ro#le% is %ulti-level i!ter!atio!al !atio!al ouseold

i!tra-ouseold


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%alnutrition 5 Children

'ne-third of preschool children aremalnourished

%alnutrition amon/ preschool children

impairs their mental and physical

development compromises their future health productivity

and food security

undermines economic /ro.th and social

=ustice Accounts )*-)>8 childhood diseases

Causes si/nificant deaths of children under >years


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%a=or Challen/es

We must address food insecurity malnutrition unsustainable resource mana/ement

4here are nine drivin/ forces that should beconsidered


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Drivin/ 7orces

+? Acceleratin/ /lobali@ation includin/ further trade

liberali@ation

)? S.eepin/ technolo/ical chan/es

,? De/radation of natural resources and increasin/.ater scarcity

? 6mer/in/ reemer/in/ and continuin/ health andnutrition crises

>? 2apid urbani@ation

B? Chan/in/ structure of farmin/

? Continued conflict

? Climate chan/e

E? Chan/in/ roles and responsibilities of ;ey factors


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+? "nvest in human resources)? "mprove access to productive resources and

remunerative employment

,? "mprove mar;ets infrastructure and institutions

? 6$pand appropriate research ;no.led/e andtechnolo/y

>? "mprove natural resource mana/ement

B? Promote /ood /overnance

? Support sound national and international tradeand macroeconomic policies

2ole of


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6stablished in )** 7or food shorta/es and emer/encies

aimed to provide re/ional support to national food

security efforts

foster inter-country partnerships and re/ionalinte/ration and

solve re/ional food shorta/es throu/h collective

actions?

SAA2C 7ood Fan;


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Contributions to SAA2C 7ood Fan;


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Need for Political Will

$olitical ill %ea!s $laci!( ood securit& i(er o! te a(e!da Ae *art!ersi*s, !e *ro(ra%s, !e i!stitutio!s,

a!d !e a&s o ti!i!( e.(. Biotec!olo(& )co!o%ic a!d *olitical e%*oer%e!t o *oor *eo*le

(over!%e!ts %ust #e eld accou!ta#le to teir o! citie!sa!d to i!ter!atio!al *u#lic o*i!io!

i!stitutio!s are !eeded tat re*rese!t te i!terests o ood-i!secure *eo*le

!atio!al (over!%e!ts, te *rivate sector, a!d civil societ&

%ust *ut te ell-#ei!( o *oor a!d u!(r& *eo*le at te to*o teir *riorit& lists (lo#al advocac& eort is !eeded to *us or ood securit&

or all


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2ole of Fiotechnolo/y

C2P'S CAN F6 %'D"7"6D 4' 'F4A"N

"ncreased productivity and 9uality of products

Simplified and improved a/ricultural practices

%ore efficient use of resources 2esistance a/ainst insects patho/ens abiotic stress

"ncreases in land available to a/riculture


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Guestions on


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Decision %a;in/ Process

4he results of the ris; analysis revie. and actions! Assessment

%ana/ement

Communication

2e/ulatory frame.or;

National priorities

Country3s development strate/ies

Public policies


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"mplementation of 2e/ulatory 7rame.or;

%echanisms for the assessment mana/ementcommunication and miti/ation of ris;s

Appropriate bud/et and infrastructure

Compliance verification mechanisms

4ransparency in decision ma;in/ "nternational cooperation

Harmoni@ation

%echanisms for public participation

Post-commerciali@ation monitorin/


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SAA2C A/riculture &ision )*)*

"ncrease producers and production base

Acceleration of output

#se of modern technolo/ies

"ncrease the seed and other input 9ualities

Sustainable use %ana/ement of natural resources "mprove farm structure

Fiotechnolo/y

Adaptation to the climate chan/e

Prices (6ner/y and 7ood

Fiosafety and Fiosecurity


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Summary

Fiotechnolo/y can help in improvin/ the foodsecurity

Precautions!Fiosafety

Social Acceptance2e/ulatory 7rame.or;

2is; Assessment

2is; %ana/ement

2is; Communication

"mplementation of re/ulatory frame.or;


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SAA2C 5 Space

"ndia is plannin/ to send a SAA2C satellite in

Dec? )*+B


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SPA22S' (Fan/ladesh Space 2esearch and

2emote Sensin/ 'r/ani@ation is a multi-sectoralresearch and development a/ency developin/peaceful uses of space science and remote sensin/technolo/y

4he Pa;istan Space and #pper Atmosphere2esearch Commission (S#PA2C' .or;s to.ardsdevelopin/ indi/enous capabilities in spacetechnolo/y and its application for socio-economicuplift of the country?

Sri an;a )*+) started this pro/ram incollaboration .ith China

SAA2C 5 Space


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4o promote cooperation and utili@ation of

information technolo/ies .ithin the SAA2C re/ion

4o minimi@e disparities .ithin and amon/ %emberStates in the telecommunications field

4o harness telecommunication technolo/y for thesocial and economic up-liftment of the re/ion

4o evolve a coordinated approach on issues of

common concern in international telecommuni-cations fora?

SAA2C 5 4elecommunications

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