classification of the nervous system. brain central nervous system (cns) spinal cord peripheral...
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Classification of the Nervous System
Brain
Centralnervoussystem(CNS)
Spinalcord
Peripheralnervoussystem(PNS)
Afferentdivision
Efferentdivision
Sensorystimuli
Visceralstimuli
Somaticnervous system
Autonomicnervous system
Motor neurons
Sympatheticnervous system
Parasympatheticnervous system
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscleCardiac muscleGlands
Effector organs(made up of muscle and gland tissue)
(Input to CNSfrom periphery)
(Output from CNSto periphery)
ClassificationWe can divide the nervous system using many different sets of terminology…
Anatomical Direction of ImpulsesFunctional
Lets just keep it simple…Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Stimulus NS Response
Input NS Output
More complex features of the NS:intellect, consciousness, emotions, motivation, association, memory, language …….
Functions of the Nervous SystemFunctions of the Nervous System
Slide 7.1aCopyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
1. Sensory input – gathering information To monitor changes occurring inside and
outside the body (changes = stimuli)
2. Integration – to process and interpret sensory input
and decide if action is needed.
3. Motor output
A response to integrated stimuli
The response activates muscles or glands
Structural Classification of the Structural Classification of the Nervous SystemNervous System
Slide 7.2Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Central nervous system (CNS)
Brain
Spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Nerve outside the brain and spinal cord
Functional Classification of the Functional Classification of the Peripheral Nervous SystemPeripheral Nervous System
Slide 7.3aCopyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Sensory (afferent) division
Nerve fibers that carry information to the central nervous system
Figure 7.1
Functional Classification of the Functional Classification of the Peripheral Nervous SystemPeripheral Nervous System
Slide 7.3bCopyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Motor (efferent) division
Nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the central nervous system
Figure 7.1
Functional Classification of the Functional Classification of the Peripheral Nervous SystemPeripheral Nervous System
Slide 7.3cCopyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Motor (efferent) division Two subdivisions
Somatic nervous system = voluntary Autonomic nervous system = involuntary
Figure 7.1
Organization of the Nervous Organization of the Nervous SystemSystem
Slide 7.4Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 7.2
Central Nervous System:
Consists ofBrainLocated in cranial
vault of skull
Spinal cordLocated in vertebral
canal
Brain and spinal cord
Continuous with each other at foramen magnum
Central Nervous System:
Peripheral Nervous System:comprises peripheral nerves (cranial &
spinal)& ganglia Two subcategories
Sensory or afferent (input)Motor or efferent (output)
DivisionsSomatic nervous systemAutonomic nervous system (ANS)
Sympathetic ParasympatheticEnteric
PNS
Cranial Nerves
PNS
Spinal Nerves
Ganglia