We can use following morphological

basis for classification of leaf

1. On the basis of petiole

2. On the basis of lamina

3. On the basis of arrangement

4. On the basis of venation

5. On the basis of location

1. ON THE BASIS OF

PETIOLE

On the basis of petiole leaf may be

Petiolate or sessile

Petioles are of different types

Petiolate leaves are that leaves which have

Petiole for example leaf of mulberry(tooth),rose

etc

Sessile are these leaves which do not posses

petiole e.g. leaves of maze ,onion etc

Sub Sessile leaves have very small petiole

Petiolate and sessile leaves

Sessile leaves

Petiolate

Petiolate leaves

2. ON THE BASIS OF

LAMINA On the basis lamina leaf can classified

as

1. On the basis of lamina size

2. On the basis of lamina shape

3. On the basis of lamina division

4. On the basis lamina margins

5. On the basis of lamina apex

On the basis of lamina size

Lamina size greatly varies usually due

climatic condition or habitat of plant . It

has three main categories

1. Large usually in hydrophytes

2. Medium in mesophytes

3. Small or narrow in xerophytes

Hydrophytic leaves

Mesophytic leaves

Xerophytic leaves

2. On the basis of lamina shape

On the basis of lamina shape leaves have following main structure

1. Hand shaped or star shaped

2. Oval shape called elliptical or ovate

3. Lyrate large lamina with smaller lobes e.g. radish

4. Spathulate spoon like

5. Lanceolate e.g. onion

6. Oblique leaf having un equal halves

Leaf shapes

Leaf shapes

Leaf shapes

Leaf shapes

On the basis of lamina division

On the basis of lamina division leaves

may be simple or compound

1. Simple leaves are those leaves which

have lamina in one piece

2. Compound are those which have

lamina divided into pieces or leaf lets

and they contain main rachis compound

may be pinnate or palmate

Pinnate Compound leaf

The leaf in which lamina is divided into

leaflets along leaf petiole

1. Bipennate in which each pinna again

divide

2. Tripennate in which each pinna trice

divide

3. Decompound in which leaf let is divide

more than trice

Pinnate compound

Decompound leaf

Pinnate compound

Palmate compound leaf

When leaflets arranged in such a

manner that seems to be arise from

same point and have hand like

appearance

1. Unifliate single leaflets

2. Bifoliate two leaflets

3. Trifoliate three leaflets

4. Multi foliate more than four lealets

Palmate compound

On the basis of lamina margin

Leaf margins greatly varies some are

following

1. Entire ;smooth continuous margin

2. Dentate ; large teeth margin

3. Serrate ; margin with upward cuts

4. Incised ; margin with irregular cuts ,

deep in shape

Entire leaf

Dentate leaf

Serrate leaf

Incised leaves

Undulate leaves

Lamina surface

Lamina surface also varies some

conmen types are following

1. Hairy contain hairs

2. Glabrous smooth

3. Glaucous leaf surface shiy and green

4. Spiny covered by spines

5. Oily having secretion at the surface

Hairy leaf surface

Glabrous leaf surface

Glauceous leaf surface

Spiny leaf surface

On the basis of leaf apex

On the basis of leaf apex leaves have following types

1. Acute shape apex ending in point

2. Obtuse blunt or rounded apex

3. Acuminate long and pointed apex

4. Cuspinate end of sharp spiny point

5. Emerginate leaf apex with notch

6. Mucronate abruptly terminate at spiny point

Acute

Obtuse

Acuminate

Cuspinate

Emerginate

Mucronate

Leaf apex

On the basis of

arrangement According to phyllotoxi or arrangement

of leaves on branches have following

types

1. Alternate thy are alternately arranged

2. Opposite two leaves arise from the

node at the same time

3. Whorl many leaves arise from the node

at the same time

Arrangement of leaves

Leaf location

According to location leaf have

following types

1. Radical present near the roots

2. Cauline leaves arise from main stem

only

3. Ramal arise from main stem and

breaches

Leaf location

On the basis of venation

Arrangement of veins or vein lets in leaf called venation

It has following types

1. Reticulate venation net like arrangement

2. Parallel veins arrange in parallel manner

3. Unicostate lamina contain only one main vein

4. Multicostate lamina contain many veins

5. Pinnate in which veins grow opposite to medrib

Venation in leaf