Lesson 7: Before and After

Classical Roots

rootsANTE <L. beforePRE <L. before

antebellumOf a period before a war, especially the American Civil War

(bellum <L. war)

antecedentA thing or event that precedesThe noun to which the pronoun refers

Preceding; going before

(cedere <L. to go)

anteriorComing before in position or time

avant-gardeAhead of the times, especially in the arts (adjective form)

A group that is ahead of the times (noun form)

vanguardThe foremost position, especially in an army or fleet

Leaders of a movement, fashion, etc.

(bellum <L. war)

PRACTICE! Which word refers to a person who seems ahead of the times?

antebellum? vanguard? avant-guard?

(avant-guard)

PRACTICE! An event that comes before another is called an …

antebellum? antecedent? anterior?

(antecedent)

PRACTICE! A leader of a movement can be called a …

anterior? vanguard? avant-guard?

(vanguard)

preceptA command; a rule of conduct

(capere <L. to take)

predestinationThe belief that what happens in life has already been determined by a higher power

(destinare <L. to determine)

preemptTo take possession of something before anyone else can do so; to take priority over something of lesser importance

(emere <L. to buy)

premonitionA warning in advance

(monere <L. to warn)

preposterousAbsurd; contrary to nature or reason

(post<L. after)

pretentiousShowy; pompous; claiming unjustified distinction

(tendere <L. to extend)

PRACTICE! Something that is just strange, unrealistic, bizarre…

preempt? preposterous? pretentious?

(preposterous)

PRACTICE! A rule of conduct can be called a

premonition? predestination? precept?

(precept)

PRACTICE! One that believes that life events have already been determined and cannot be changed believes in ______________.

preempt? premonition? predestination?

(predestination)

PRACTICE! If a person is trying to show off the brand name he or she is wearing, that is rather _______________.

pretentious? precept? premonition?

(pretentious)

challenge! Models at fashion shows often wear garments that are ahead of their times or rather ____________.

(avant-garde)

challenge! A distinct feeling of knowing or being warned of a future event is a

(premonition)

challenge! What are the most common ____________ that cause war? Understanding the events that have led to war can help us prevent future fighting.

(antecedents)

challenge! Gone with the Wind is a movie that portrays pre-war life in ___________ Georgia.

(antebellum)

challenge! English archers decimated the French ___________of mounted knights.

(vanguard)

challenge! As she picked up the letter, she had an eerie ____________that it was full of bad news.

(premonition)

challenge! The gentleman waved his expensive watch in a _____________manner in order to show others that he could afford the best.

(pretentious)

challenge! Talk radio hosts are often regarded as the being the ____________of the conservative or liberal movement.

(vanguards)

challenge! Believing that a higher power controls your fate is _________________.

(predestination)

challenge! Most people are familiar with the basic ___________, or principles, of Christianity.

(precepts)

challenge! It is _______________ to believe that just because you are a teenager you can behave carelessly.

(preposterous)

challenge! Talk show hosts often like to discuss the _______________ for people making poor choices.

(antecedents)

challenge! A nicer way of telling somebody that an idea is rather stupid might be to say, “That is ____________!”

(preposterous)

challenge! The inability to pay her bills ____________ her chance for a stable future.

(preempted)

challenge! A printing press could be considered an ______________ to a copy machine.

(antecedent)

challenge! She had a dream that she thought was a _____________ of an accident that would happen later.

(premonition)

challenge! Although he was taught the __________ of good manners, it was strange that he was tactless and inconsiderate!

(precept)

challenge! Shakespeare was a ____________ in English literature during the Renaissance. His works influenced many other writers.

(vanguard)

challenge! The decorations at the party were too ___________. They were far too elaborate for a casual gathering.

(pretentious)

challenge! Regular tv programming was _____________due to the Olympics being broadcasted in its place.

(preempted)

challenge! French Impressionists were ______________in a new art movement.

(vanguards)

challenge! The couple believed that ______________brought them together. It was meant to be!

(predestination)

challenge! Some people have a spooky ability to have ______________of things that will happen later.

(premonitions)

challenge! One important ___________of Chinese culture is respect for one’s elders.

(precept)

challenge! People that do not believe in ghosts may find shows like Ghost Adventures to be quite __________.

(preposterous)

challenge! For most babies, crawling ____________ walking.

(antecedes)

challenge! What were the _____________that caused the closing of the sports’ fields to the public?

(antecedents)

challenge! Although the school district had let community groups use the sports’ fields, they _______________ the fields just for school use when they found vandalism.

(preempted)

challenge! Petrarch led the _____________ of Renaissance philosophers who studied the ancient works of the Romans and the Greeks.

(vanguard)

challenge! Place all vocabulary words into the categories of:

NOUNS ADJECTIVES

VERBS

NOUNSantecedentavant-gardevanguardpreceptpredestinationpremonition

ADJECTIVESantebellumantecedentanterioravant-gardepreposterouspretentious

VERBSpreempt

challenge! What is the adjective form of antecedent?

(antecedent)

challenge! What is the verb form of antecedent?

(antecede)

challenge! Of which two parts of speech can “avant garde” be?

(noun and adjective)

challenge! What is the noun form of “preposterous”?

(preposterousness)

challenge! What are two noun forms of “pretentious”?

(pretension and pretentiousness)

challenge! What is are to verb forms for the word “predestination”?

(predestinate and predestine)