Classical Gathering SpaceINTB112 Design Basics 3DSummer 2014Eric Brissey

Table of Contents

Classical Concepts... ...I

Concept A... ...II

Concept B... ...III

Final Model... ...IV

Circulation Study: Florence Cathedral... ...V

Work Cited... ...VI

Classical ConceptsHistory of Classical Elements

The Classical period lasted from ancient Greece in 850 B.C. to the end of the

Roman Empire in 476 A.D. (Craven, 2014). Both the Greeks and the Romans used

mathematics and five sets of classical ordering systems for the construction of their

buildings. These orders included Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan, and Composite which

included different types of columns that supported different style entablatures made

primarily of white marble (Craven, 2014). The Golden Ratio was used by the Greeks

to create the Parthenon in 438 B.C. which gave the temple geometrical balance and

perfect proportions (Meinser, 2013). This ratio determined the height of the columns,

the height of the entablature, the dimensions of the classical details, the column width,

and the dimension of the rooms (Meinser, 2013). During the 12th century Leonardo

Fibonacci rediscovered this same ratio where the next number in the sequence was

equal to the sum of the last two proceeding numbers, or in other words the next number

equaled the proceeding number multiplied by Phi or 1.618 (Fibonacci numbers, 2014).

Use of Classical Elements in Cocepts For my two concept designs I used the Golden Ratio to determine the

dimensions of my classical courtyards. Measurements of 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, and 13 inches

were used in creating most of the architectural elements, while sets of objects, such

as stairs, columns, a triumphal arch, and architraves were limited to numbers of 1,

2, 3, 5, or 8. Classical elements used in my concept designs include Doric columns,

architraves, dentils, semi-circular stairs, a massive arch entrance, and the open use of

fountains. Concept one has two symmetrical places for conversation on opposite sides

of the courtyard and a circular middle area that serves as both a conversation spot and

a circulation path that cuts through the courtyard. Concept two has one main entrance

that leads to a corridor style courtyard with a rectangular pond down the middle and a

raised staircase at the opposite end of the entrance that serves as a conversation spot.

Circulation is more track based and serves to display all the courtyard has to offer to

visitors.

Parthenon (438 B.C.), Greece

Classical Orders

I

Concept A

Concept Model: Aerial View Scale Isometric Sketch

Orthographic Sketches 3D Sketch Concept Model

II

Concept B

Concept Inspiration: Arch of Constantine, Rome Concept Model: Aerial View

Concept Model Orthographic Sketches 3D Sketch

III

Final Model

Aerial View Front View

Side View Angled View

IV

13 in

8 in

5 in

2 Entablatures

8 Columns

3 Steps

3 in dia8 in dia Golden Ratio DimensionsGolden Ratio Numbers

Actual heigh 5.25” due to materialsbeing over labeledthicknesses

Circulation Study: Florence Cathedral

Case Study: Florence Cathedral, Florence Interior Perspective

Orthographic Views Circulation Study Interior Photo: Florence Cathedral

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Text Book: “Architecture: Form, Space, and Order” by Francis D.K. Ching. Chapter 5: Circulation (pg. 241 - 292)

Relation to Study: Learn that the wide pathways and high ceiling encourage freedom of motion and accommodates large amounts of traffic. The radial path center point is located at the octagonal crossing of the cathedral where it has highest circulation activity.

frontal approach

flush entrance

radial path

h

w

Work Cited

Image Links

PBase.com. “Ancient Roman Arch 2.” URL: http://www.pbase.com/et_cape/image/52069780

Quadralectic Architecture. “3.9.2. Omphalos, Obelisks and Columns.” URL: http://quadralectics.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/480.jpg

The Wandering Adobe. (2012). “Inside the Florence Cathedral.” URL: http://wanderingabode.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/inside-the-florence-cathedral.jpg

Travel Blat. “Famous Sites to Visit Before They’re Gone.” URL: http://www.travelblat.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/parthenon-athens-greece-hd-desktop.jpg

Wikipedia. “Florence Cathedral.” URL: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Il_Duomo_Florence_Italy.JPG

Research Sources

Ching, F. (2007). “Architecture: Form, Space, and Order.” Chapter 5: Circulation. Pages 241 - 292. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. NJ, United States.

Craven, J. (2014). “What is an Order of Architecture? What is a Classical Order of Architecture.” Retrieved from About Architecture: http://architecture.about.com/od/buildingparts/g/order-of-architecture.htm

“Fibonacci Numbers/Lines.” (2014). Retrieved from Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/fibonaccilines.asp

Meinser, G. (2013). “The Parthenon, and Phi, the Golden Ratio.” Retrieved from PhiPoint Solutions: http://www.goldennumber.net/parthenon-phi-golden-ratio/

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