classical greece. geography includes mainland and about 2,000 islands the sea & lack of...
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Classical GreeceClassical Greece
GeographyGeography
Includes mainland and about 2,000 islands
The sea & lack of resources encourage travel and trade
Mountains make travel & farming hard
Climate allows outdoor activities
Mycenaeans – Indo-Europeans that Mycenaeans – Indo-Europeans that settle in Southern Greece.settle in Southern Greece.
Trojan War - 1200s B.C. Mycenae Trojan War - 1200s B.C. Mycenae fought Troy fought Troy
Mycenae civilization collapses Mycenae civilization collapses
Dorians, move in and no records Dorians, move in and no records found for 400 yearsfound for 400 years
History through tradtionsHistory through tradtions– Homer – wrote epics (Homer – wrote epics (Iliad & Iliad &
OdysseyOdyssey)) Mythology – develop gods to Mythology – develop gods to
understand mystery of life. Have understand mystery of life. Have human traits.human traits.
ZeusZeus
The City-StateThe City-State
By 750 B.C. the Greek city-state, or polis, is the formal government
A polis is a city and its surrounding villages; 50 - 500 sq. miles
Population often less than 10,000 Citizens gather on acropolis—a
fortified hilltop & discuss government
GovernmentsGovernments
Monarchy- Monarchy-
Aristocracy- Aristocracy-
Oligarchy-Oligarchy-
Tyrant – Tyrant –
Democracy - Democracy -
Athens – Direct DemocracyAthens – Direct Democracy Sparta – Military StateSparta – Military State
Persian WarsPersian Wars Phalanx – formation of soldiers with Phalanx – formation of soldiers with
spears & shieldsspears & shields– Battle of Marathon – Persia vs. GreeceBattle of Marathon – Persia vs. Greece
Athens defeats Persia Athens defeats Persia Pheidippides - runs to Athens to Pheidippides - runs to Athens to
announce Greek victory, “Rejoice, announce Greek victory, “Rejoice, we conquer” then dies.we conquer” then dies.
Athens becomes leader of Greece Athens becomes leader of Greece – 200 city states– 200 city states– Alliance called Delian League.Alliance called Delian League.
AssignmentAssignment
Research daily life in Research daily life in Sparta & Sparta & AthensAthens
Answer the following questions Answer the following questions thoroughly: (pg. 128-131)thoroughly: (pg. 128-131)– 1. The role of government in the lives 1. The role of government in the lives
of individualsof individuals– 2. The purpose of education for boys 2. The purpose of education for boys
& girls& girls– 3. the responsibilities and privileges 3. the responsibilities and privileges
of citizens and non-citizensof citizens and non-citizens– 4. the roles of women in society4. the roles of women in society
AthensAthens
Golden Age 477- 431 B.C.Golden Age 477- 431 B.C. How did Pericles’ strengthen Athens?How did Pericles’ strengthen Athens?
1.Increased number of officials who were 1.Increased number of officials who were paid salaries. Now anyone can hold paid salaries. Now anyone can hold office. office.
2.Uses money from Delian League to 2.Uses money from Delian League to build up navy.build up navy.
3.Beautified Athens3.Beautified Athens
2 - Greeks2 - Greeks
Greek tragedy – character with Greek tragedy – character with tragic herotragic hero– Ex. Oedipus RexEx. Oedipus Rex
Greek comedy Greek comedy
Peloponnesian WarPeloponnesian War
Who, What, When, Where & Why?Who, What, When, Where & Why? 1. Sparta & Athens1. Sparta & Athens 2. Peloponnesian War – Sparta 2. Peloponnesian War – Sparta
declares war on Athens. Athens declares war on Athens. Athens had strong navy; Sparta strong had strong navy; Sparta strong army.army.
3. 431 B.C.3. 431 B.C. 4. Athens lost. 4. Athens lost.
PhilosophersPhilosophers
Athens loses war and questions Athens loses war and questions meaning of lifemeaning of life
1. Socrates: absolute standards do 1. Socrates: absolute standards do exist, Greeks should examine their exist, Greeks should examine their lifelife
2. Plato: Ideal society of 3 groups2. Plato: Ideal society of 3 groups 3. Aristotle: argues for rules of logic, 3. Aristotle: argues for rules of logic,
scientific methodscientific method
Alexander the GreatAlexander the Great
After Peloponnesian WarAfter Peloponnesian War King Phillip of Macedonia noticed King Phillip of Macedonia noticed
Greece is weakGreece is weak– Defeats Greece, then diesDefeats Greece, then dies
Son, Alexander is KingSon, Alexander is King He defeats PersiaHe defeats Persia Empire grows to include all SW AsiaEmpire grows to include all SW Asia
– Army fights for 11 yearsArmy fights for 11 years
Macedonia in Macedonia in orangeorange
Hellenistic CultureHellenistic Culture
Blending of Greek, Egyptian, Blending of Greek, Egyptian, Persian, & Indian influencesPersian, & Indian influences
City of Alexandria becomes City of Alexandria becomes largest citylargest city– 11stst Library here contained most of Library here contained most of
what we know todaywhat we know today