class presentation swings

8/3/2019 Class Presentation Swings

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SWING

NIRAIMATHI.S

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

P.G.DEPT OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

N.G.M COLLEGE

POLLACHI

Swing Components, Containers,MVC, Event handling


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Overview of JFC/Swing Packages

javax.swing.plaf

javax.swing.plaf.basic

javax.swing.plaf.metal

javax.swing.plaf.multi

javax.swing.text

javax.swing.text.html

javax.swing.text.html.parser

javax.swing.text.rtf

javax.swingjavax.swing.table

javax.swing.tree

javax.swing.border

javax.swing.colorchooser

javax.swing.filechooser

javax.swing.event

javax.swing.undo


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Overview of the Overview

Overview of JFC/Swing PackagesOverview of JFC/Swing Packages

javax.swing.plaf

javax.swing.plaf.basic

javax.swing.plaf.metal

javax.swing.plaf.multi

javax.swing.text

javax.swing.text.html

javax.swing.text.html.parser

javax.swing.text.rtf

javax.swing

javax.swing.table

javax.swing.tree

javax.swing.border j avax.swing.co lorchooser

javax.swing.fi lechooser

javax.swing.event

j avax.swing.undo

Text-based widgets(including html/rtf display) New event packages

Components,

includingaggregateor complex

components

Packages tocontrol the

look and feelof Swing


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Swing Components

CIS 068

Top Level Containers

General Purpose Containers Special Purpose Containers

Basic Controls Uneditable Information Displays Interactive Displays of Highly Formatted

Information


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Swing Components

CIS 068

Top Level Containers

Your application usually extends one of these classes !


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Swing Components

General Purpose Containers

CIS 068


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Swing Components

General Purpose Containerstypically used to collect Basic Controls(JButton, JChoiceBox)

Added to layout of top-level containers

CIS 068

JPanel

JFrame


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Swing Components

Special Purpose Containers

CIS 068


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Swing Components

Basic Controls

CIS 068


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Swing Components

Basic ControlsUnlike passive containers, controls are theactive part of your GUIRemark: containers arent only passive, they are also active sources of events, eg.

Mouse-events.

Being the visible part of your interface,

controls bring your application to life

Controls are event sources !Objects of your application register to

controls to handle the events

CIS 068


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Swing Components

Uneditable Information Displays

CIS 068


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Swing Components

Interactive Displays of Highly FormattedInformation

CIS 068


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Swing Components

Interactive Displays of Highly FormattedInformation

Define standard interfaces for frequentlyneeded tasks

CIS 068


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A JFrame Autopsy

A java.awt.Frame is composed of

a single container--the Frameobject itself

JLayeredPane

JPanel

ContentPane

Menu

A javax.swing.JFrame iscomposed of a transparent

glassPane surface, and aninner JPanel with Contents andMenu

The PopTart/Sandwich Duality


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rame ass ew

JRootPane

JMenuBar

JLayeredPane

JFrame

Container

Component

ContentPane

GlassPane

contains

JComponent

Frame

TheThe JRootPaneJRootPane is a container with ais a container with aJLayeredPaneJLayeredPane (holding the Menu and(holding the Menu and

ContentPaneContentPane) and a Component) and a ComponentGlassPaneGlassPane. It serves as base for. It serves as base for

numerous classes.numerous classes.

AWTAWT

JFCJFC


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JRootPane: The Content Pane

The JRootPane contains only two components:

the JLayeredPane and

the Component GlassPane

Its layout manager ignores all attempts to add new components.

Instead, one must add to the JRootPanes ContentPane, found inside theJLayeredPane.

A call to getContentPane() returns an instance of the ContentPane.


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Event Handling

GUIs are event driven Generate events when user interacts with GUI

e.g., moving mouse, pressing button, typing in textfield, etc.

Class java.awt.AWTEventObject

EventObject

AWTEvent

ActionEvent

AdjustmentEvent

ItemEvent

TextEvent

ContainerEvent

FocusEvent

PaintEvent

WindowEvent

InputEvent

MouseWheelEvent

ComponentEvent

KeyEvent MouseEvent

Object

EventObject

AWTEvent

ComponentEvent

TextEvent

ItemEvent

AdjustmentEvent

ActionEvent

WindowEvent

InputEvent

MouseEventKeyEvent

MouseWheelEvent

FocusEvent

PaintEvent

ContainerEvent


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Event-handling model

Event-handling model Three parts

Event source GUI component with which user interacts

Event object Encapsulates information about event that occurred

Event listener Receives event object when notified, then responds

Programmer must perform two tasks Register event listener for event source

Implement event-handling method (event handler)


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Event-handling model

interfaceEventListener

interfaceActionListener

interfaceAdjustmentListener

interfaceComponentListener

interfaceContainerListener

interfaceFocusListener

interfaceItemListener

interfaceKeyListener

interfaceMouseListener

interfaceMouseMotionListener

interfaceTextListener

interfaceWindowListener

interfaceEventListener

interfaceActionListener

interfaceAdjustmentListener

interfaceComponentListener

interfaceContainerListener

interfaceFocusListener

interfaceItemListener

interfaceKeyListener

interface

MouseListener

interfaceMouseMotionListener



C


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Events Components Listener Methods

keyEvent All KeyListener keyTyped()

keyPressed()

keyReleased()

MouseEvent All MouseListener MouseMotionListen

er

mouseClicked()mousePressed()

mouseReleased

()

mouseEntered()

mouseExited()mouseDragged()

mouseMoved()

ActionEvent Jbutton

JCheckBoxMenuItem

JComboBoxJFileChooser

Jlist

JRadioButtonMenuIte

m

JTextField

JToggleButton

ActionListenerActionEvent JButton ActionListener actionPerformed

()


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Events Components Listener Methods

ItemEvent JCheckBoxMenuItem

JComboBoxJRadioButtonMenuItem

JToggleButton

ItemListener itemStateChanged()

MenuEvent JMenu MenuListener menuCanceled()

menuDeselected()

menuSelected()

WindowEvent JDialog

JFrame

JWindow

WindowListener windowOpened()

windowClosing()

windowClosed()

windowIconified()

windowDeiconified()

windowActivated()

windowDeactivated()

AdjustmentEven

t

JScrollBar AdjustmentListener adjustmentValueChangd()


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Event Listeners(interfaces)

Event Adapters(inheritance)

Costs Benefits

Must code allmethods; wasteful

no-ops result

Uses up singleinheritance

opportunity

Keep allevents in

single class

Good abstraction;override those

methodsyou need

Event Handling Options: How to Decide?


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Layout Managers

Layout managers Provided for arranging GUI components

Provide basic layout capabilities

Processes layout details

Programmer can concentrate on basic look and feel

InterfaceLayoutManager


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Layout manager DescriptionFlowLayout

Default forjava.awt.Applet, java.awt.Panel andjavax.swing.JPanel. Places components sequentially (left toright) in the order they were added. It is also possible to specify the

order of the components by using the Container method add,

which takes a Component and an integer index position as

arguments.BorderLayout Default for the content panes ofJFrames (and other windows) and

JApplets. Arranges the components into five areas: NORTH,SOUTH, EAST, WEST and CENTER.

GridLayout Arranges the components into rows and columns.


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Additional Layout Managers

Layout Manager DescriptionBoxLayout A layout manager that allows GUI components to be arranged left-to-

right or top-to-bottom in a container. ClassBox

declares a containerwith BoxLayout as its default layout manager and provides static

methods to create a Box with a horizontal or vertical BoxLayout.

GridBagLayout A layout manager similar to GridLayout. Unlike GridLayout, each

component size can vary and components can be added in any order.


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FlowLayout

FlowLayout Most basic layout manager

GUI components placed in container from left to right


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BorderLayout

BorderLayout Arranges components into five regions

NORTH (top of container)

SOUTH (bottom of container)

EAST (left of container)

WEST (right of container)

CENTER (center of container)


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GridLayout

GridLayout Divides container into grid of specified row and

columns

Components are added starting at top-left cell

Proceed left-to-right until row is full


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BoxLayout

BoxLayout Arranges GUI components

Horizontally along x-axis

Vertically along y-axis


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GridBagLayout

GridBagLayout flexibleGridBagLayout

Components can vary in size

Components can occupy multiple rows and columns

Components can be added in any order

Uses GridBagConstraints

Specifies how component is placed inGridBagLayout


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CIS 068

Layout Management

Java supplies five commonly used layoutmanagers:

1. BorderLayout

2. BoxLayout

3. FlowLayout

4. GridBagLayout

5. GridLayout


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CIS 068

Layouts

BorderLayout

Position must be specified, e.g. add (North, myComponent)


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CIS 068

Layouts

BoxLayout

The BoxLayout class putscomponents in a single row

or column.It respects the componentsrequested maximum sizes.


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CIS 068

Layouts

FlowLayout

FlowLayout is the default layout manager for every JPanel.It simply lays out components from left to right, starting new

rows if necessary


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CIS 068

Layouts

GridBagLayout

GridBagLayout is the most sophisticated, flexible layout manager theJava platform provides. If you really want to use it, go tojava.sun.com


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CIS 068

Layouts

GridLayout

GridLayout simply makes a bunch of components equal in size anddisplays them in the requested number of rows and columns .


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CIS 068

The First Swing Program

Example:

The First Swing Program


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CIS 068

The GUI

Container: JFrame

Layout: BorderLayoutNorth

Center

Components: JLabel JButton, containingan ImageIcon


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CIS 068

Steps to build a GUI

1. import package

2. set up top level container(e.g. JFrame)

3. apply layout

(e.g. BorderLayout)

4. add components(e.g. Label, Button)

5. REGISTER listeners

6. show it to the world !

h


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CIS 068

The Source

1. import package

2. set up top level container(e.g. JFrame)

3. apply layout

(e.g. BorderLayout)

4. add components(e.g. Label, Button)

5. REGISTER listeners

6. show it to the world !


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My First Swing ProgramMy First Swing Program

import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.BorderLayout;

public class First {public static void main(String[] args) {

JFrame frame = new JFrame("My First Frame");

// operation to do when the window is closed.frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

frame.getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout());frame.getContentPane().add(new JLabel("I Love Swing"),

BorderLayout.CENTER);frame.pack();frame.setVisible(true);

}}


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class presentation swings

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