class 9 outline.docx

8/9/2019 Class 9 outline.docx

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CLASS 9 (March 26): OBLIGATIONS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW

[1:00] Hous!"#$%

• Papers—Rough drafts are due April 9

• See your doctor ASAP—vaccines, alaria pills, etc! "# $ill pay for non%routine

vaccines! & $ill eail a list of cities you should 'e prepared to travel to!• (e$ passports copies for those & eailed )*stelle, +ana, ennifer-

• .lights: 1,09/!0! &d li2e to 'oo2 this $ee2! Please tell e ASAP your travel

plans!

• Re$riting intervie$ 3uestions—& $ill assign )'y eail- $hich you should

re$rite!

Cro&' a*s

• 4rian: *rica, 5a2a, *stelle

• oey: Ale6, en

•

"i7: 8uillero, 5essa, +ana

+ro,c C##s: +ha2a, #hittagong, Sylhet, yensigh, ulna, Rangpur

+ro,c -ocus: access to ;ustice for rights violations against the "845 counity

I$ro.uc#o$

5oday $e are finishing up Part && of the sylla'us, $hich $as intended to give an overvie$of 4angladesh fro a variety of perspectives in preparation for our trip in ay! (aya

cae in and tal2ed a'out 4angladeshs history, politics, and culture! eans a unilateral stateent, ho$ever phrased or naed, ade

'y a State, $hen signing, ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to a

treaty, $here'y it purports to e6clude or to odify the legal effect of certain provisions of the treaty in their application to that State

•?ienna #onvention on the "a$ of 5reaties

Ba$%'a.sh #s $o a "ar o h 8CLTar h "r#$c#"'s hr

a""'#ca' o #7 @es the ?#"5 principles are ostly recogni7ed ascustoary la$!

Ar rsr5a#o$s o a ra a'&as "r*#ss#'7 (o—a treaty can prohi'it the! *!g!,Roe Statute of # )article 1/0-!

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I1 a ra #s s#'$ o$ rsr5a#o$s &ha .os h#s *a$7 Reservations are perissi'le

as long as copati'le $B o';ect and purpose of treaty!

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I1 a sa *a!s a rsr5a#o$ &ha ca$ ohr sas "ar#s .o7

• 1- e6press acceptance )rare-

• /- silence for 1/ onths C consent

o Ar hr a$ "ro'*s h #$1rr#$% co$s$ 1ro* s#'$c7 #ould

;ust ean didnt have tie to consider—=Dave you heard that

&celands legal departent recently dou'led in si7eE Fh has itE @es,fro one to t$o la$yers!>

• G- F';ect 'ut allo$ treaty to coe in force C reservation is valid

• - F';ect and do not allo$ treaty to coe into force

o pro'leatic for treaties $hich re3uire unified syste%%%huan rights,

coons )la$ of the sea-

Do h *a#$ hu*a$ ra#s a''o& "roh## or sa $oh#$% aou rsr5a#o$s7

• #PR H *S#R—silent

• #*+A< )Art! /I-, #R# )Art! J1-, #RP+ )Art! K-—allo$s reservations if

copati'le $ith o';ect and purpose of treaty

[1:/0] So a'' o1 hs ra#s (#$c'u.#$% h o$s s#'$ o$ rsr5a#o$s) us h

;o,c a$. "ur"os< s Who .r*#$s h o,c a$. "ur"os o1 a ra a$.

&hhr a "ro"os. rsr5a#o$ #s co*"a#' h #7

• Fngoing discussion a'out this

• States parties through o';ections

• 5reaty onitoring 4odies—'ut critici7ed 'y soe, as these 'odies cannot

issue 'inding ;udgents )'ut only a2e recoendations-

• Wha &ou'. a &a o c'ar#1 h#s7


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Wha .#. ohr cou$r#s sa aou h#s7

• +eclarations are really reservations )'Bc change legal o'ligations-

• Raise dou'ts a'out the coitent of 4angladesh to o';ect and purpose of

the treaty!

• contri'ute to underining the 'asis of international treaty la$ )(etherlands-

• F';ect to reservations, 'ut they do not preclude entry into force• Wha 11c .o h o,c#o$s ha57 (o legal effect )'Bc they allo$ed treaty

to coe into force-

Wha .#. h CESCR sa aou such rsr5a#o$s7 )#oncluding F'servations on

u$ait-

• Reservations to articles /)/- and G =negate the core purposes and o';ectives of

the #ovenant>

• No c'ar ha h Co**# has h "o&r o *a! auhor#a#5

.c'ara#o$s +rac#ca' 11c: sa ca$ 0"c a .#a'o%u h Co**#

a$. ohr UN o.#s o$ h#s

[1:GJ] Wha .#. Ba$%'a.sh sa &h$ # acc.. o CEDAW7

• does not consider as 'inding upon itself the provisions of articles /, 1G )a- and

1K )1- )c- and )f- as they conflict $ith Sharia la$ 'ased on Doly Muran and

Sunna!> ?Su$$a @ '#5#$% 0a*"' o1 h +ro"h Moha**a. a$#$r"r#5 a#. o ura$

• Wha .o hs ar#c's r=u#r7

o article / C odify or a'olish discriinatory la$s, regulations, custos

and practices, etc!

o article 1G)a- C e3uality in faily 'enefits, 'an2 loansBfinancial credit,

participation in recreational activities, sports and all aspects of culturallife!

o 1K)1-)c- C sae rights and responsi'ilities during arriage and at its

dissolution

o 1K)1-)f- C sae rights and responsi'ilities $ith regard to guardianship,

$ardship, trusteeship and adoption of children

Wha .#. ohr cou$r#s sa7

• incopati'le $B o';ect and purpose—$ould result in discriination

• o';ect, 'ut does not prevent entry into force

Wha .#. CEDAW Co**# sa7

• Article / is central to the o';ect and purpose of #onvention )N 1K-

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• Reservations to Art! 1K, =$hether lodged for national, traditional, religious or

cultural reasons, are incopati'le $ith the #onvention and therefore

iperissi'le>[1:J] Is h curr$ ss* o1 rsr5a#o$so,c#o$s

11c#5 #$ "ro*o#$% a ra/s 5a'us7 (Marsha -r.*a$ 5s CEDAW

Co**#)

• @es )arsha .reean-: 4y allo$ing states to sign up $ith reservations, $e proote the values of the treaty even if states cant agree to every provision!States can $ithdra$ reservations over tie $ith pressure fro other states and

treaty onitoring 'odies! E0a*"': Ba$%'a.sh &as u$a' o a%r ocra#$ "ro5#s#o$s u &a$. o r*a#$ #$ h co$5rsa#o$rsr5.

CEDAW ar#c' 2 u # su*#. r"ors ha #$c'u.. #$1or*a#o$

r=u#r. ar#c' 2 CEDAW Co**# r5#&. a$. $%a%. #$

.#a'o%u Ba$%'a.sh a'so h.r& h rsr5a#o$s o Ar#c's >(a) a$.

6()(1) #$ 99F A'so: E%" h.r& rsr5a#o$ o CEDAW 9(2)

($a#o$a'# o1 ch#'.r$) Ma'as#a h.r& rsr5a#o$ o CEDAW 2(1)

a$. *o.#1#. rsr5a#o$s o (a) () a$. 6 I$ 2F Morocco cha$%.

1a*#' 'a&s o 'ss .#scr#*#$aor• (o )#*+A< #oittee-: Reservations affects efficacy of #onvention—

indicate un$illingness to coply to accepts nor and ensure e3uality not

entrenched at national level! Perpetuate yth of $oens inferiority! +aagesintegrity of treaty—$e are allo$ing states to 'e parties $ithout a2ing any

coitent at all! E0a*"': Ba$%'a.sh &a$s o a5o#. ra' co**#*$ s#'' has rsr5a#o$s o CEDAW Ar#c' 2 (&h #s h#s "ro'*a#c7

co5rs #*"'*$a#o$: cha$%#$% 'a&s J cuso*s "r#5a .#scr#*#$a#o$)

a$. Ar#c' 6(c) (=ua'# #$ *arr#a% a$. .#sso'u#o$)

o 4ut: is it 'etter to allo$ states to 'e =realistic> and reserve provision

then sign up for treaty and not ipleentE A nu'er of African states

have ratified #*+A< $Bo reservations 'ut have highly discriinatorycustosBla$s )arsha .reean article-!

o Should states o';ect to reservations to Article / and not allo$ the

treaty to coe into forceE

K


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[/:00] Over the course of the semester, we’ve talked aboutSharia law several times. For the cultural relativism class, weread an article defending discriminatory divorce laws in thename of culture and religion. When we looked at Bangladesh’sdomestic law, we read how religious laws (including Sharia

can tra! women in abusive marriages and leave them !oorafter a se!aration or divorce. "oday we’ve talked aboutBangladesh’s Sharia#based reservations to treaty !rovisionsthat !rotect against certain forms of gender discrimination. $tseems that every time we’ve talked about Sharia, it’s been inthe conte%t of !itting it against human rights. $ think it’sim!ortant to remember that these are not the onlyinter!retations of $slam or the only voices s!eaking on thisissue. &ow would 'r. yesha $mam res!ond to Bangladesh’sSharia based reservations) &ow does her view!oint di*er fromsome of the articles we read earlier about Sharia (+imberly

ounce Schooley from -lass , for e%am!le)• Sharia not divine, 'ut product of huan reasoning!

o oldest schools of Sharia did not e6ist until decades after Prophets

death

o ost la$s not in Muran%%prescription of stoning as a punishent for

adultery, is not entioned in the Muran

o Sharia evolves—dont use eye for an eye anyore or slavery

o .ounding scholars of schools of Sharia not infalli'le—=& ay 'e

$rong and & ay 'e right>

• 8ender —Sharia 'ased on ostly ale interpretations of +ivine revelation

• "arge differences in interpretationsBschools, including on $oens rights

o Re3uiring arriage guardians vs! not )fathers right to deterine the

hus'and of never%arried daughters-

o ali2i school—a right to divorce on deand, regardless of hus'ands

consent )not in 4angladesh-

o Polygay—soe say conditions are ipossi'le to fulfill and therefore

that polygay should 'e 'anned

• Ose of religion for political gain

o .ocus on orality is on personal rights and the control of se6uality,

not e'e77leent and corruption or prohi'iting interest and loan

shar2ing

o 4angladesh—secular A$ai "eague vs! aaat%e%&slaiB4(P

[/:1J] Ho& *#%h +imberly ounce Schooley critici/e 'r. $mam0sview!oint)

• Product of the


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• Fver the past /0 years, she has 'een a researcher and lecturer in universities

and research institutions in (igeria, the Onited ingdo, #anada, and

Senegal

• the 8ender Policy Advisor for the Onited (ations &nstitute for *conoic

+evelopent and Planning in Senegal and the Dead of the +epartent of

#ulture, 8ender and Duan Rights at the Onited (ations .und for+evelopent )O(.PA- in (e$ @or2

• Is h#s a 1a#r cr##c#s*7 Or Tru Scos*a$ 1a''ac7

Es'';cou'. r'#%#o$ us. o a.5a$c h r#%hs o1 s0ua' *#$or##s 7<

E0"'a#$

• +angers of thisE )


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• &f treaties have iediate ipact in doestic la$, states ight 'e less $illing

to sign upE

[/:JQG:00] BREA4

[G:00] 8#.o: Ca'' * Sa'*a (> *#$us)• N0 &! & ar %o#$% o a'! aou hu*a$ r#%hs 5#o'a#o$s a%a#$s h

LGBT co**u$# #$ Ba$%'a.sh As a$ #$ro.uc#o$ & ar %o#$% o

&ach a .ocu*$ar o$ h h#,ra co**u$# hr As ou &ach #

h#$! aou &ha r#%hs ar #*"'#ca. a$. ra. o .#scuss h* $0

&!

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class 9 outline.docx

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