class 26 - pavement management system

8/3/2019 Class 26 - Pavement Management System

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PAVEMENT MANAGEMENTPAVEMENT MANAGEMENTPAVEMENT MANAGEMENTPAVEMENT MANAGEMENTPAVEMENT MANAGEMENTPAVEMENT MANAGEMENTPAVEMENT MANAGEMENTPAVEMENT MANAGEMENT


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IMPORTANCE OF PAVEMENTIMPORTANCE OF PAVEMENTMANAGEMENT SYSTEMMANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Road System Deficient to Meet the TrafficRoad System Deficient to Meet the TrafficDemandDemand Improper PlanningImproper Planning

e c enc es n oa eome r cse c enc es n oa eome r cs Poor Construction and MaintenancePoor Construction and MaintenancePracticesPractices

Need for Proper Planning and ManagementNeed for Proper Planning and Managementof Resourcesof Resources


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IMPORTANCE OF PAVEMENTIMPORTANCE OF PAVEMENTMANAGEMENT SYSTEMMANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Every Year Maintenance of Roads is CarriedEvery Year Maintenance of Roads is Carriedoutout

Pavements Fail PrePavements Fail Pre--maturelymaturely

Improper DesignImproper Design Poor Construction PracticesPoor Construction Practices

Wrong Maintenance PracticesWrong Maintenance Practices

Poor Drainage MaintenancePoor Drainage Maintenance Frequent CuttingFrequent Cutting Service LinesService Lines


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PROBLEMSPROBLEMS

Difficult to Predict the Deterioration ofDifficult to Predict the Deterioration ofPavementsPavements

Maintenance StrategiesMaintenance Strategies

Impossible to Prepare a PavementImpossible to Prepare a Pavement

Management SystemManagement System


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PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMPAVEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Vehicle Operation Costs Soar Due to BadVehicle Operation Costs Soar Due to BadRoadsRoads

A i n In rA i n In r

Limited BudgetsLimited Budgets

Competing DemandsCompeting Demands

Even small savings in VOC can JustifyEven small savings in VOC can JustifyVery Large InvestmentsVery Large Investments


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CHOICESCHOICES

Wide Range of Options in Materials andWide Range of Options in Materials andDesign TechniquesDesign Techniques

h i in M in n n T hnih i in M in n n T hni

Public Policies like Check on TruckPublic Policies like Check on TruckMovementsMovements

Desirable Performance LevelsDesirable Performance Levels


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PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMPAVEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Indicate the Structure Needed toIndicate the Structure Needed toPrevent Acceptable Level ofPrevent Acceptable Level of

Permit Prediction of the StructuralPermit Prediction of the Structural

and Functional Conditionand Functional ConditionDeteriorationDeterioration


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IMPORTANCE OF PMSIMPORTANCE OF PMS What Needs to be done for a GivenWhat Needs to be done for a Given

Pavement?Pavement? What are the Improvements Needed toWhat are the Improvements Needed to

Prevent Failure to Extend Pavement Life?Prevent Failure to Extend Pavement Life?

In What Order and Where Should theIn What Order and Where Should thePotential Projects be done?Potential Projects be done?

Given a Wide Range of Potential ProjectsGiven a Wide Range of Potential Projects

which of the Projects be Taken up?which of the Projects be Taken up?


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DEFINITIONDEFINITION

Pavement Management is Concerned with Pavement Management is Concerned with

Doing Right Thing at the Right Place, Using theDoing Right Thing at the Right Place, Using the

g ype o a er a , e gg ype o a er a , e g

Thicknesses, With the Right Design Details andThicknesses, With the Right Design Details and

All for the Lowest Total CostAll for the Lowest Total Cost


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The Hatfield & McCoyThe Hatfield & McCoyStoryStory

Two townships, OneTwo townships, One

DestinyDestiny


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GENERAL METHODOLOGYGENERAL METHODOLOGY

Identify the Deficiencies of Arterial andIdentify the Deficiencies of Arterial andSubSub--Arterial RoadsArterial Roads

Assess the Causes for the Poor RoadAssess the Causes for the Poor Road

ConditionCondition Work out PMMS considering Life CycleWork out PMMS considering Life Cycle

CostsCosts

Plan and Develop a MaintenancePlan and Develop a MaintenanceManagement SystemManagement System


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PHASEPHASE -- II

Classify the Roads Based onClassify the Roads Based onFunctional HierarchyFunctional Hierarchy

Functional DeficienciesFunctional Deficiencies

Assess Maintenance NeedsAssess Maintenance Needs


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PHASEPHASE -- IIII

Analysis of Structural and FunctionalAnalysis of Structural and FunctionalCondition EvaluationCondition Evaluation

Determination of DeficienciesDetermination of Deficiencies

Work out the Least Cost SolutionsWork out the Least Cost SolutionsConsidering Different AlternativesConsidering Different Alternatives

Economic AnalysisEconomic Analysis


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PHASEPHASE -- IIIIII

Consider Proposals for Execution,Consider Proposals for Execution,Quality ControlQuality Control

Implementation & MonitoringImplementation & Monitoring


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DATABASEDATABASE

Structural Condition DataStructural Condition Data DeflectionDeflection Riding QualityRiding Quality Unevenness in mm/kmUnevenness in mm/km

Drainage RequirementsDrainage Requirements

TrafficTraffic

Footpath and Other RequirementsFootpath and Other Requirements


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APPROACHAPPROACH Identify Road Stretches which are StructurallyIdentify Road Stretches which are Structurally

DeficientDeficient I Stage StrengtheningI Stage Strengthening Identify Road Stretches having poor surfaceIdentify Road Stretches having poor surface

Classification of the sections based onClassification of the sections based onstructural adequacystructural adequacy

Road Pavement stretches with localised failuresRoad Pavement stretches with localised failures


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APPROACH ..Contd.APPROACH ..Contd.

Stretches with deficiencies with drainageStretches with deficiencies with drainagerequirementsrequirements

Stretches with large scale damages due toStretches with large scale damages due to

roa cutt ngsroa cutt ngs Stretches requiring improvement inStretches requiring improvement infootpathfootpath

Combination of any of the AboveCombination of any of the Above


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SERVICE LIFE OF OVERLAYSERVICE LIFE OF OVERLAY

Depends on:Depends on: Structural Condition of the ExistingStructural Condition of the ExistingPavementPavement

Road Maintenance Policy/ PracticeRoad Maintenance Policy/ Practice

DrainageDrainage

TrafficTraffic Climatic and Environmental FactorsClimatic and Environmental Factors


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FIRST STAGE IMPROVEMENTFIRST STAGE IMPROVEMENT

Shift Existing service lines under theShift Existing service lines under thecarriagewaycarriageway

Provide service ductsProvide service ducts

Make profile correctionMake profile correction Strengthen structurally inadequate pavementsStrengthen structurally inadequate pavements

Resurface functionally inadequate pavementsResurface functionally inadequate pavements

Rise the level of footpath and drainsRise the level of footpath and drains


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STRENGTHENING ANDSTRENGTHENING ANDRESURFACINGRESURFACINGPriorityPriority II

Structurally weak pavements with highStructurally weak pavements with highdeflection and high unevennessdeflection and high unevenness

PriorityPriority -- IIII

Medium deflection and unevenness valuesMedium deflection and unevenness values


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CALCULATE ROAD USER BENEFITSCALCULATE ROAD USER BENEFITS

Vehicle Operating Cost SavingsVehicle Operating Cost SavingsFuel, Parts, Tyres, Depreciation, EtcFuel, Parts, Tyres, Depreciation, Etc

Travel Time SavingsTravel Time Savings

Reduction In AccidentsReduction In Accidents

Pavement PreservationPavement Preservation


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REDUCTION IN VOC DUE TO ROAD SURFACEREDUCTION IN VOC DUE TO ROAD SURFACEIMPROVEMENTS ON ROADS OF DIFFERENT WIDTHSIMPROVEMENTS ON ROADS OF DIFFERENT WIDTHS

VEHICLEVEHICLETYPETYPE

VOC CONSIDERING FUEL, TYRES AND SPARES, RS.VOC CONSIDERING FUEL, TYRES AND SPARES, RS.

SINGLE LANESINGLE LANE INTERMEDIATEINTERMEDIATE TWO LANETWO LANE

UI=8000UI=8000mm/kmmm/km






BusBus 5.185.18 4.844.84 5.105.10 4.784.78 3.783.78 3.643.64

TruckTruck 6.786.78 6.046.04 5.935.93 5.485.48 4.014.01 3.873.87

MAVMAV 15.8115.81 14.4614.46 14.3914.39 13.5213.52 11.0011.00 10.6710.67

Jeep &Jeep &Maxi CabMaxi Cab

3.473.47 2.872.87 3.223.22 2.712.71 2.552.55 2.182.18

CarCar 3.993.99 2.812.81 2.982.98 2.792.79 2.812.81 2.702.70

T/WT/W 1.271.27 0.970.97 1.011.01 0.960.96 0.980.98 0.940.94

A/RA/R 2.022.02 1.561.56 1.651.65 1.341.34 1.251.25 1.041.04


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PERCENTAGE SAVING IN VOC DUE TO ROAD IMPROVEMENT

VIZ., UI 8000 TO 3000 MM/KM AND WIDENING OFCARRIAGEWAY

VEHICLE CLASSVEHICLE CLASS PERCENTAGE SAVING IN VOC DUE TO ROADPERCENTAGE SAVING IN VOC DUE TO ROAD

IMPROVEMENTIMPROVEMENT

Single, UI = 8000Single, UI = 8000Single, UI = 3000Single, UI = 3000

Single, UI = 8000Single, UI = 8000Two lane, UI = 3000Two lane, UI = 3000

.. ..

TruckTruck 10.9110.91 42.9242.92

MAVMAV 8.548.54 32.5132.51

Maxi Cab/ JeepMaxi Cab/ Jeep 17.2917.29 37.1837.18

CarCar 29.7029.70 32.4632.46

TwoTwo--WheelerWheeler 23.6223.62 25.9825.98

AutoAuto--rickshawrickshaw 22.7722.77 48.5148.51

SAMPLE BENEFITSAMPLE BENEFIT COSTCOST


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SAMPLE BENEFITSAMPLE BENEFIT--COSTCOST

ANALYSISANALYSIS (Rs. Lakhs)(Rs. Lakhs)Yr.Yr. Cost ofCost of

ImprovementImprovementSavings inSavings inVOCVOC

Savings in TravelSavings in TravelTimeTime

11 427427 18951895

22 461461 16221622..

33 498498 15551555

44 538538 14901490

55 582582 14291429

66 628628 13701370

TotalTotal 31343134 93619361

TOTAL BENEFITSTOTAL BENEFITS Rs. 12, 495 lakhsRs. 12, 495 lakhs


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CONCEPT OF PREVENTIVECONCEPT OF PREVENTIVEMAINTENANCEMAINTENANCE

Excellent

on

Rs. 1.00 forpreventivemaintenance here . . .

FailedAge

Condit

delays spendingRs. 4.00 to Rs. 5.00on more extensivetreatments here.


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Improve the overall pavement condition ofImprove the overall pavement condition ofthe networkthe networkPreventive

ANOTHER OBJECTIVE OFANOTHER OBJECTIVE OFPREVENTIVE MAINTENANCEPREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

Age

Condition

Program

Existing

Program


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PAVEMENT CONDITIONPAVEMENT CONDITION

ndition

PreventiveMaintenance

ReactiveMaintenance

Time or Traffic

PavementCo


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NETWORK ANALYSISNETWORK ANALYSIS

Identification and ranking of candidateIdentification and ranking of candidatepavements for improvementspavements for improvements

NetworkNetwork--level bud etinlevel bud etin

Long range budget forecastsLong range budget forecasts NetworkNetwork level pavement conditionlevel pavement condition

assessmentsassessments Forecast of future conditionsForecast of future conditions


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PROJECT LEVELPROJECT LEVEL

Assessing the causes of deteriorationAssessing the causes of deterioration

Determining potential solutionsDetermining potential solutions

lifelife--cycle costingcycle costing Ultimately selecting and designing theUltimately selecting and designing the

desired solutionsdesired solutions


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PRIORITY PROGRAMMINGPRIORITY PROGRAMMING Information on Serviceability, Distress, PavementInformation on Serviceability, Distress, Pavement

Condition Data, Traffic and Environmental DataCondition Data, Traffic and Environmental Data

and Costsand Costs

Deterioration ModelsDeterioration Models

Present Needs and Future NeedsPresent Needs and Future Needs Budget ConstraintsBudget Constraints

Priority AnalysisPriority Analysis

Alternative StrategiesAlternative Strategies

Output ReportsOutput Reports


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NETWORK CONDITION FORECASTSNETWORK CONDITION FORECASTS

6.0

7.0

Effect of funding levels on network performance

Arterial Road

Poor

3.0

4.0

5.0

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Roughnes Sub-Arterial Roads

Other Roads

Good


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EFFECT OF BUDGET LEVELSEFFECT OF BUDGET LEVELS

6.0

7.0

s

50%

AnnualBudget

3.0

4.0

5.0

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Roughne

100%

80%

Target


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OPTIMAL BUDGET EQUIREMENTSOPTIMAL BUDGET EQUIREMENTS

150

200

250

/year

Development

0

50

100

2000 2001 2002 2003

Rs.in

Improvement

Periodic

Routine

MAINTENANCE ANDMAINTENANCE AND


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MAINTENANCE ANDMAINTENANCE AND

IMPROVEMENT COSTSIMPROVEMENT COSTS

Routine and recurrent maintenance costsRoutine and recurrent maintenance costsBudget MUST be sufficient otherwise reBudget MUST be sufficient otherwise re--

specifyspecify

Periodic maintenance costsPeriodic maintenance costsFor specified alternativesFor specified alternatives

Improvement costsImprovement costsFor specified alternativesFor specified alternatives


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DETERMINE OPTIMUM STANDARDSDETERMINE OPTIMUM STANDARDS

Select optimum maintenance standardsSelect optimum maintenance standardsfor each matrix cell under specified budgetfor each matrix cell under specified budget

constraintsconstraints

Calculate total routine, recurrent andCalculate total routine, recurrent andperiodic maintenance costs for each cellperiodic maintenance costs for each cell

Summarise total maintenanceSummarise total maintenancerequirements for whole networkrequirements for whole network


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BUDGET ALLOCATIONBUDGET ALLOCATION Routine maintenance needs based onRoutine maintenance needs based on

road lengths under each category ofroad lengths under each category ofroadsroads

Recurrent maintenance needs based onRecurrent maintenance needs based on

pavement surface conditionpavement surface condition Periodic maintenance needs based onPeriodic maintenance needs based oneconomic indicatorseconomic indicators

Improvement needs based on economicImprovement needs based on economicindicatorsindicators


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HDMHDM 4 TECHNICAL IMPROVEMENTS4 TECHNICAL IMPROVEMENTS


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HDMHDM--4 TECHNICAL IMPROVEMENTS4 TECHNICAL IMPROVEMENTS PavementsPavements

Wider range of flexible pavementsWider range of flexible pavements

Rigid pavementsRigid pavements

More maintenance typesMore maintenance types

Drainage effectsDrainage effects

Freezing climates effectsFreezing climates effects

Road UsersRoad Users

New vehicle typesNew vehicle types

Characteristics of Modern VehiclesCharacteristics of Modern Vehicles

NonNon--motorized trafficmotorized traffic

Congestion effectsCongestion effects

AccidentsAccidents

Emissions & Energy consumptionEmissions & Energy consumption

THE HDMTHE HDM--4 MODEL4 MODEL


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Analytical tool for engineering andAnalytical tool for engineering andeconomic assessment ofeconomic assessment of

-- RRoad investments and maintenanceoad investments and maintenance

-- Trans ort ricin and re ulationTrans ort ricin and re ulation

Physical and economic relationships derivedPhysical and economic relationships derivedfrom extensive research on road deterioration,from extensive research on road deterioration,the effects of maintenance activities, andthe effects of maintenance activities, andvehicle operation and user costsvehicle operation and user costs

ROAD AGENCY ALTERNATIVESROAD AGENCY ALTERNATIVES


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ROAD AGENCY ALTERNATIVESROAD AGENCY ALTERNATIVES

Standards / AlternativesStandards / AlternativesPolicies / StrategiesPolicies / Strategies

Norms / OptionsNorms / Options

-- 4 cm overlay every 8 years4 cm overlay every 8 years-- 6 cm overlay every 15 years6 cm overlay every 15 years

-- reseal the road and postpone the overlayreseal the road and postpone the overlay-- reconstruct the road when IRI = 10reconstruct the road when IRI = 10-- do nothingdo nothing

-- grading every 180 daysgrading every 180 days-- upgrade unpaved road to a paved standardupgrade unpaved road to a paved standard

EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVESEVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVES


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EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVESEVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVES

Economic evaluationEconomic evaluation

Technical evaluationTechnical evaluation

Financial evaluationFinancial evaluation

Commercial evaluationCommercial evaluation

Social evaluationSocial evaluation

Environmental evaluationEnvironmental evaluation

ROAD USER COSTS MODELROAD USER COSTS MODEL


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ROAD USER COSTS MODELROAD USER COSTS MODEL

RoadGeometry,Condition

Driver,TrafficFlow

VehicleCharacteristics

Fuel & LubricantsTyre

Maintenance Parts & LaborCrew TimeDepreciation & InterestPassenger & cargo time

SPEED

CONSUMPT

ION

PAVED ROAD DETERIORATION MODELPAVED ROAD DETERIORATION MODEL


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PAVED ROAD DETERIORATION MODELPAVED ROAD DETERIORATION MODEL

Moisture,TemperatureAging

Traffic,Loading

PavementMaterials,

Cracking

Ravelling

Potholing

Rutting

Roughness

VEHICLE OPERATING COSTSVEHICLE OPERATING COSTS


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VEHICLE OPERATING COSTSVEHICLE OPERATING COSTS

0.80

1.00

1.201.40

1.60

1.80

2.00

rvehic

le-km

0.00

0.200.40

0.60

2 6 9 13 16 20

Roughness (IRI)

VOC

p

Car Truck Articulated Truck

COSTSCOSTS--SHARES UNDERSHARES UNDEROPTIMAL MAINTENANCEOPTIMAL MAINTENANCE


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OPTIMAL MAINTENANCEOPTIMAL MAINTENANCE50 veh/day 300 veh/day 5000 veh/day

User Costs

User Costs

Agency Costs Agency Costs

Agency Costs

PRIMARY FEATURES OF HDMPRIMARY FEATURES OF HDM--44


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PRIMARY FEATURES OF HDMPRIMARY FEATURES OF HDM--44

Simulates deterioration and maintenanceSimulates deterioration and maintenanceof paved and unpaved roads, in physicalof paved and unpaved roads, in physical

condition and quantities, for strategiescondition and quantities, for strategiesdefined by the userdefined by the user

mu a es roa user cos s spee smu a es roa user cos s spee sand consumption of physical components)and consumption of physical components)

Determines timeDetermines time--streams of road agency,streams of road agency,

road user costs, and net benefitsroad user costs, and net benefits

Computes economic indicatorsComputes economic indicators

IMPORTANT USES OF HDMIMPORTANT USES OF HDM--44


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IMPORTANT USES OF HDMIMPORTANT USES OF HDM 44 Analytical support to justify fundingAnalytical support to justify funding

Forecasting financial and physical needsForecasting financial and physical needsfor preserving road networkfor preserving road network

Optimal maintenance strategiesOptimal maintenance strategies

Economic thresholds for road improvementsEconomic thresholds for road improvements

Planning and Programming

Technical Applications

standards or optionsstandards or options

Simulating type and extent of deteriorationSimulating type and extent of deterioration

Road use cost and damage attribution, inRoad use cost and damage attribution, inroad transport pricing and taxationroad transport pricing and taxation

(user charges, fuel tax, etc.)(user charges, fuel tax, etc.) Optimal axle loading and configurationOptimal axle loading and configuration

Fleet modernizationFleet modernization

Economic Applications

COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVESCOMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVES


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COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVESCOMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVES Evaluation Period = 20 yearsEvaluation Period = 20 years Discount rate = 12.00 %Discount rate = 12.00 %

InternalInternal

Construction Road Net Rate ofConstruction Road Net Rate ofLength Maintenance User Total Present ReturnLength Maintenance User Total Present Return(km) Alt Costs Costs Costs Value (%)(km) Alt Costs Costs Costs Value (%)

100.0 BASE 2.71 26.7 29.4100.0 BASE 2.71 26.7 29.4PROJ 9.28 17.0 26.2 3.2 17.1PROJ 9.28 17.0 26.2 3.2 17.1

Is the project economically justified?

MAINTENANCE NEEDS FORECASTINGMAINTENANCE NEEDS FORECASTING


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- Routine MaintenanceReconstruction when IRI > 11.0

- Routine MaintenancePatching 100% of potholesReconstruction when IRI > 11.0

- Routine Maintenance

Roadin GoodCondition

12 mm Resealing when damage is > 30%Reconstruction when IRI > 11.0

- Routine MaintenancePatching 100% of potholes

4 cm overlay when IRI is > 4.0

- Routine MaintenancePatching 100% of potholes8 cm overlay when IRI is > 4.0

ROUGHNESS PROGRESSIONROUGHNESS PROGRESSION


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ROUGHNESS PROGRESSIONROUGHNESS PROGRESSION

8

10

12

14

(IRIm/k

m)

BASE

P100

0

2

4

6

0 5 10 15 20 25

Year

Roughne

ss

OS40OD40

NETWORK PROGRAM FORMULATIONNETWORK PROGRAM FORMULATION


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AND OPTIMIZATIONAND OPTIMIZATION- What are the resourcesneeded to maintain thenetwork?

- How should the agencyallocate the resources

A Road Network

needed for an optimal

maintenance program?

- What maintenanceprogram should be

implemented in caseof budgetaryconstraints?

BUDGETARY CONSTRAINTSBUDGETARY CONSTRAINTS


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A Road Network

G F PL

M

H

A.C.

Constraints

Optimal Strategy underBudgetary Constraints

StrategywithoutBudgetConstraint

OptimizationModule

ROLE OF HDMROLE OF HDM--4 IN ROAD MANAGEMENT4 IN ROAD MANAGEMENT


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RoadInventory

RoadCondition

HDM4HDM4

Long TermStrategic

Road

Plan

Multi -YearRollingWork

INPUTS OUTPUTS

TrafficData

BridgesInventory

BridgesCondition

Program

DetailedProjectLevel

Appraisal

PoliciesStandardsResearch

Design

HDM-4DATABASES

APPLICATIONS OF PAVEMENTAPPLICATIONS OF PAVEMENT


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MANAGEMENT SYSTEMMANAGEMENT SYSTEM Understanding Network Extent and UsageUnderstanding Network Extent and Usage

Analysing Current Network ConditionAnalysing Current Network Condition

Analysing Network Historical ConditionAnalysing Network Historical Condition

Analysing Funding OptionsAnalysing Funding Options Decision Making and MarketingDecision Making and Marketing

Interaction Between Top Management andInteraction Between Top Management andPoliticiansPoliticians

APPLICATIONS OF PAVEMENTAPPLICATIONS OF PAVEMENT


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MANAGEMENT SYSTEMMANAGEMENT SYSTEM Interaction Between Public, Legislators andInteraction Between Public, Legislators and

Top ManagementTop Management Developing Single and MultiDeveloping Single and Multi--year Programsyear Programs

sta s ng reatment e ect onsta s ng reatment e ect onMethodologiesMethodologies

Applications in Construction, Design andApplications in Construction, Design andMaterialsMaterials

Applications in MaintenanceApplications in Maintenance

Applications in ResearchApplications in Research


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Thank YouThank You

class 26 - pavement management system

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