class 08 greek art-part ii
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greeek artTRANSCRIPT
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For the Glory of the Deities, Warriors, and Athletes
Part II
Art and Architecture of Ancient GreeceClass 08
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Sculpture- Human Figure:Archaic Period (625 480 BC)
Began in proto-geometric and geometric periods ? Made votive figures using clay
Archaic period
Nude male (kouros) Well-dressed female (kore)
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Ancient Greeks - no obsession with the afterlife.
Mostly concerned with the comfort of their earthly
existence.
Often sought to immortalize their own actions and beliefs
through art.
Attitude towards secularism and the focus on ones' self as
a living being paved the way for the development of
classical Greek thought which in turn became the
foundation of the western civilization as it developed to our
day.
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Kore (Phrasikleia) by Ariston of Paros and Kouros,
lifesize, circa 550 B.C.
Found in a pit at Merenda in Attica in 1972. •
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Archaic Sculpture
Kore from Chios
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All of the Kouros (male) and Kore (female) statues
represent;
state sponsored subjects or
designed as decorations of religious buildings, or
as immortal reminders of the virtues of a
--deceased.
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Archaic Sculpture Calf Bearer (Maschophorus) c. 560
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Kouros from Anavysos530 BC
Kroisos
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•
• KourosMarble, lifesize, circa 540 B.C.Found at the cemetery of AnavysosOn the base a verse was carved:
• "Stand and grieve at the tomb of Kroisos the dead,in the front line slain by the wild Ares"
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•
• KourosLifesize, circa 550 B.C.From the island of Melos
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•
• Aristodikos, Marble, circa 500 B.C. 1.95m tall
The name Aristodikos is carved at the statue's base.This Kouros has short hair and the hands are not attached to the sides of the body. The statue with its more rounded, less stylized characteristics, and with its light pose (it is not as "stiff" as other kouroi,) represents a forward step in the development of art, and prepares the ground for the eventual move towards classical sculpture.
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Terracotta sculpture Zeus and Ganymede ¾ th of lifesize 500-475 BC. AMO
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Charioteer (c.470 BC)Kritian Boy (c. 480 BC)
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Severe Style
Harmodius and Aristogeiton byKritios and Nesiotes477/76 BC
Set up in Athens to mark the overthrow of the tyranny were said to be the first public monuments to actual people.
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Architecture –Sanctuaries
Depended heavily in the use of column and lintel as the basic constructional elements
Favored rectangular of circular plan
Began the use of marbles as the material for walls and columns
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Development of Greek
Architecture
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Parthenon
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Orders of Greek architecture
Two main styles (or "orders): Doric and the Ionic.
The names were used by the Greeks themselves.
Reflects their belief that the styles descended from the
Dorian and Ionian Greeks of the Dark Ages.
This is unlikely to be true.
The Doric style was used in mainland Greece and spread
from there to the Greek colonies in Italy.
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Ionic style : used in the cities of Ionia (now the west
coast of Turkey) and some of the Aegean islands.
More relaxed and decorative.
Doric style : more formal and austere.
Corinthian style : More ornate. A later development of
the Ionic.
These styles are best known through the three orders of
column capitals, but there are differences in most points
of design and decoration between the orders
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Three Orders of Greek Architecture
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Temple of Artemis, Korkya (600-580)
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Parthenon
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Propelaea
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The Temple of Hephaistos at Athens, late 5th century BC.
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The Erectheon, Acropolis of Athens, late 5th century BC.
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Erechtheon – Caryated Figures (421-405)
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Sanctuary of Apollo at Delphi
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Architectural SculptureReconstruction drawing of the east pediment of the Temple of Aphaia, Aegina.
C. 490 BC
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Architectural Sculpture
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Poseidon