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ＣＩＶＩＬＣＩＶＩＬ ＡＶＡＴＩＯＮＡＶＡＴＩＯＮ IN IN ＪＡＰＡＮＪＡＰＡＮ

Development of Future Air Traffic Systems in Japan

5 March 2009 ATS Systems Planning Division

JCABJCAB

航空局Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Japan Civil Aviation Bureau (JCAB)1

2

Out line

1. Policy Review ICAO/FANS Concept (1991) / Council Report No.23 (1994)

2. Aviation Council ReportAviation Council Report (2007)

3. Long-term Vision3.1 Background3.2 Policy Targets3.3 Future Operational Concept and Programs in CNS/ATM

1990 2000 2010 2025

21

3

★★ ★

3

Narita Airport 【Image of Extension】

Tokyo Airport 【Image of Re-expansion】

Ｎ

Tokyo BayTam

a River

Ａ R/W3,000ｍ Ｃ R/W

3,000ｍ

Ｂ R/W2,500ｍ

International A

rea

New Runway 2,500ｍ

滑走路（3,500m)旅客ﾀｰﾐﾅﾙﾋﾞﾙ

空港連絡橋

Extension to 2,500m toward North will increase slots from 200,000 to 220,000

New 4th runway will increase slots from 296,000 to 407,000 (1.4 times)

23000ft

23000ft

18000ft

横田空域

羽田空域

百里空域

18000ft

14000ft

欧州方面 北海道方面

韓国方面

成田空域

北米方面

アジア方面

西日本方面

17000ft

西日本方面

23000ft

23000ft

18000ft

横田空域

羽田空域

百里空域

18000ft

14000ft

欧州方面 北海道方面

韓国方面

成田空域

北米方面

アジア方面

西日本方面

17000ft

西日本方面

Image of Current Metropolitan Airspace

Issues for Metropolitan Airspace

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Trend and Forecast of Air Traffic Demand in Japan

431533

668716

825888 893 898

1768（296）1637

（274）1542（258）

1399（234）

1162（194）

1005（168）

755（126）

598（100）

4346（109）

4386（110）

4315（108）

4001（100）

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

Annual

Flig

hts

（×

1,0

00）

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

2012 2017 2022 2027

167

222

258

331

420470

521600

79

115

154

184223

270

Num

ber

of

ATS s

taff

Domestic Flights

International Flights

Over Flights

33% increase

Number of ATS staff

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1. Policy Review ICAO/FANS Concept (1991) / Council Report No.23 (1994)

To date, JCAB has proactively implemented various systems and procedures in accordance with the ICAO FANS (CNS/ATM) concept. For examples, the ATM Center was commissioned first in Asia/Pacific in 2005, and RNAV and aeronautical satellite communications/navigation systems became operational in 2007, and consequently airspace capacity enhancement and significant reduction of ATC separation were realized. As the first step of future air traffic systems development, JCAB has reviewed relevant policies and programs in light of achievements and outstanding issues.

1990 2000 2010 2025

21

3

★★ ★

6

Aeronautical Satellite System

RNAV

AMSS/ADSGNSS(MSAS)

Air Traffic Management (ATM)

Airspace ManagementAir Traffic Flow ManagementOceanic Control

MTSAT

GPS

地上施設に依存しない自由な経路設定による経路短縮効果

GPS全空港にＶＯＲ／ＤＭＥ同等以上の就航率向上効果

従来型経路

ＭＳＡＳ経路ＲＮＡＶ（ＧＮＳＳ）route

Legacy route

Improving airport service rate

Free route not to dependon navaids on ground.

ICAO/FANS Concept (1991) / Council Report No.23 (1994)【Example】

50NM

50NM

30NM

30NM( )

120NM

50NM

7

150169

185202

226

283315

334 343359 367 364

381399

431453 463 465 466 468 479 492 503

521553

581598

634 649 660

705

759784

891909

934

10141019

10831086

1142

1185

1243

1281

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

80 90 00 07（FY）

Tota

l flig

hts

(×1,

000）

Over FlightInternational (Departure/Arrival)Domestic (Arrival)

70646. International contribution and cooperation (Common item)

⑬Number of ATFM

⑫Reduction of CO2 by shortening of flight route

Reduction of CO2

5. Environment friendly （Consideration of environment）

⑪Construction cost / a flight

⑩ Number of Flight / a controller Progress of efficiency improvement of ATS

4. Improve the efficiency of the ATS （Improvement of ATS efficiency）

⑨Airport access rateFlight without flight cancelation

⑧On Time flightSecure the punctuality

3. Arrival on schedule （Improvement of convenience）

⑦Desired height level in the oceanic airspace

⑥Shortening of flight routeContribution to the reduction of operational cost

⑤Capacity in congested airspace

④Number of FlightCorrespondence to the increasing service frequency in the expansion of capacity

2. Operation of aircraft any time efficiently （Increase of capacity to meet air traffic growth）

③Datalink utilization

②Number of Severe Incident

①Number of AccidentPrevention measures for accidents

1. Usage of air transportation safely （Enhancement of safety ）

IndicatorViewpoint (Target) Review (Draft)

7

13

5

10 9

3 3

1

5

1

3

1

1

24

132

4

21

12

9

6

3

0

3

6

9

12

（Calendar year）

(ATM

/CN

S re

latio

n）

Near missRunway Incursion OthersOverrunning/R/W Deviating etc.Aircraft material breakdown etc.

20012002

20032004

2005

2006

（(E

xclu

ding

ATM

/CN

S. )

【Number of Severe Incident】

【Number of Flight】

【Example】

2007

8

Enhance SafetyEnhance Safety Increase CapacityIncrease Capacity Increase EfficiencyIncrease Efficiency Environmentally FriendlyEnvironmentally Friendly

RNAV will be implemented in most of domestic route in Japan by 2011, 2% reduction of total flight distance ⇒155,000 ton CO2 reduction

Implementation of RNAV Satellite based Navigation

RNP AR

ILS

ウェイポイント

旋回の中心

ウェイポイント

旋回の中心

RF

Introduction of RWSL, etc.

【Example】

Enhance Safety

Introduction of Advanced RNAV (RNP-AR)

Facilitate of Implementation of RNAV in Asia

Introduction of CDA

Introduction of DCL from 2012 at Haneda and Narita

CDA

runway

⇒Increase Capacity, Reduction of Noise

⇒Increase Capacity,Reduction of CO2in Asia

RNAV

Conventional

RNAV

⇒Reduction of Cancel, Diversion

⇒Enhance Safety

⇒Reduction of CO2, Noise

datalink

Achieve the smooth air traffic by same level RANV across adjacent FIRs

【Airport

【Datalink】

Enhancement of ATM

⇒Increase air space capacity, Reduction of CO2

Flexible air space management

×

×

○ ×

○

○

○

×

MSAS GPS

GBAS

GPS

Future Air Traffic Systems in JAPAN (Short Term)

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1990 2000 2010 2025

21

3

★★ ★

2. Aviation Council ReportAviation Council Report (2007)

In 2007, The Civil Aviation Council analyzed problems that the present ATS systems were facing, and examined future needs in CNS/ATM. The Council, in its report, formed various recommendations aimed at enhancing safety, capacity, efficiency, human resource development and R&D. These recommendations in the Council report are incorporated into the 5-Year National Plan of Social Infrastructure Construction from 2008 to 2012.

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1 How to prevent accidents and major incidents2 How to strengthen contingency management against natural disaster etc.3 How to cope with high traffic volume due to re-expansion of Tokyo

airport and Narita and downsizing of fuselage4 How to improve flight efficiency such as reduction of flight hour and fuel

consumption5 How to harmonize international and domestic traffic in accordance with

increase of international flights and over-flights6 How to strengthen irregular situation such as bad weather etc.7 How to improve usefulness of air transportation such as reduction of

cancellation rate

○Strengthen systematic safety measures via introduction of Safety Management System etc.○In order to handle increasing air traffic, Reorganize airspace and airways, and Strengthen Air Traffic Management.○Provide safer and more efficient ATC services using RNAV and other new technology such as satellite based navigation etc.○Secure necessary personnel, and further improve skill in addition to efficient operation.○Promote industry-academia-government partnership for future issues.

Points of Argument for Future System

Summary of Future System

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Introduction of Safety Management System (SMS)

Safety Measure for Airport Surface Operation

ATS offices

Correct information

Finding, Evaluation and Reduction of risk

planning for safety

Execution safety plan

Evaluation safety plan

feedback

Basis of risk reduction・technology・education, training・rule, management

Proactive risk-based safety（SMS）

Enhancement of ATC Contingency Management

Safety improvement of General aviation

ＶＦＲ

sub（relay station site）

receiving site

（main） Low altitude blind area

【Example】

Maintaining High Safety Level including Disaster Risk Management

Sapporo ACC（Hokkaido）

Fukuoka ACC（Fukuoka）

Naha ACC（Okinawa）

Continuity of ATS

Disaster

SDECC

※※ Cross Cross support support between between

ACCsACCs

Departures Arrivals entering approaching

Alarm (Red light Blinking)

RWSL (Runway status lighting system)

R/W occupancy monitoring

ASDE

Ｃ Ｄ

ＢＡmode-s signal

Use of Multi-lateration Technology

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Based on safety verification, to resolve bottleneck through optimum design of airspace and route

Advanced Airspace Management Advanced Air Traffic Flow Management

Optimum Design of Airspace Configuration and route

Quantity analysis vis simulation tool

Airlines（2008～）

Traffic concentrate

specific sector

Separate sector with altitude and reduce pilot /controller workload

After

Before

A REA : T2 7 03:5 1T IME : 03 50-0 640

03 04 04 04 04 04 04 05 05 05 05 05 05 06 06 06 06 06 HH50 00 10 20 30 40 50 00 10 20 30 40 50 00 10 20 30 40 MM

■

■

TOTA L 28 29 29 30 32 36 37 38 39 40 39 38 34 32 29 29 30 31

CAPA

37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37

10

20

30

40

50

A REA : T27 03: 51T IME : 035 0-06 40

030 40 40 40 40 40 40 50 50 50 50 50 50 606 06 06 06

HH500 01 02 03 04 05 00 01 02 03 04 05 00 010 20 30 40 MM

■ PLAN 0 1 1 3 51 01 31 51 72 01 81 91 81 716 15 16 17

■ IN-FL 282 82 82 72 72 62 42 22 11 91 91 71 41 210 8 7 7

TOTA L 282 92 93 03 23 63 73 83 94 03 93 83 43 229 29 30 31CAPA 373 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 737 37 37 37

0

10

20

30

40

50

NO RT H A RE AEA ST A RE AWE ST A RE A

SO UT H A RE A

VL AD IV OS TO K FIR

P YO NG YA NG F IR

TA RG U FI R

TA IP EI FI R

N 07

N06

N 02

N 01N 02

N0 1

F05

F 03

F0 6F0 7

F0 1

F 02

F0 8

T 16

T 31T 32

T 19

T 11

T 09T 10T 24T2 2

T2 1T 26

T 27

S2 1

T0 1

S0 1

T 03T0 4

T 02

S 02

S 03

S0 4

T0 5

T29

T2 0

T 08

N 05

T 12

T 17T 18

ATMCー

Air Traffic Metrological Center

Strategic Avoidance with bad weather

Provide more chance for landing with use of high accurate weather information

Short term forecast for blast and thunderstorm

Strengthen irregular situation

Reduce waiting time by improving forecast accuracy of bad weather etc

Detouring

CDMairlines

CollaborationIntroduction of Next Generation ATC System

Advanced Oceanic Control

International Data exchange

Introduction of height allocation program for oceanic operation

Coordination to utilize airspace

Flexible operation in accordance with traffic volume

Improvement of Air Traffic Flow Prediction

【Example】Handle Increasing Volume of Air Traffic

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Improve Airport Access Rate Architect Safe and Efficient Operative Organization

Secure Necessary Personnel

Improve Efficiency

In ATS Operation

Human Development

for ATS Personnel

Ex.） Air Safety Academy

Ex.） System Operation

Human Development for ATS Personnel

Training at Airport offices etc

Implementation of high categories of ILS

CATⅢaの場合

DH 0mRVR 50m

ALS RWL

約300メートル

CAT-Ⅰ

CAT-Ⅱ

CAT-Ⅲ

DH 30mRVR 350m

DH 60mRVR 550m

Shortening CAT-Ⅲ300m

Introduction of RNAV (GNSS)

Snow Removal

Runway Improve

【Example】 【Example】

Improve Usefulness of Air Transportation System High Quality of Service

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AustraliaNew Zealand

Hong Kong

China

Russia

Philippines

NextGenNextGen

South East Asia

Europe

SESARSESAR

USA

Support to implement new technologies and provide training and assistance.・ASEAN-Japan Project・Human Resource Development

Regular bi-lateral/multi-lateral meetings with China and Korea to harmonize procedures and systems for further improvement of ATS.

IPACG for short/mid-term planning and problem solvingInternational ATFM between Japan and USHarmonization of future air traffic systems concept

Develops Global ATM Concept and leads globally harmonized and seamless air transportation system.

ICAO

Civil Aviation Safety College will accept Asian countries’ ATS personnel training

Korea

Fukuoka FIR

Strengthen International Partnership & Cooperation

【Example】

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1990 2000 2010 2025

21

3

★★ ★

3. Long-term Vision JCAB plans to develop a long-term vision of future air traffic systems in Japan around 2025.

3.1 Background3.2 Policy Targets3.3 Future Operational Concept and Programs in CNS/ATM

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3.1 BackgroundAs air transport demands increase, airspace congestion has become more serious concern. For example, JCAB expects the air traffic demand in Japan around 2025 to be approximately 1.5 times of 2005, and IATA also anticipates a rapid growth in the East Asia region in their “IATA Vision in 2015”. This situation requires JCAB to make our continuous efforts to change ourselves for the purpose of ensuring safety and capacity.

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Physical InterconnectednessMajor traffic flows-ATM Homogeneous ATM areas

NextGen SESAR

Increased future demand

431533

668 716825 888 893 898

1768（176）1637

（163）1542（153）1399

（139）

1162（111）1005

（100）

755

598

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Flig

hts

per

Yea

r (x

1000)

2012 2017 2022 2027

167222

258331

420470 521

600

79115

154

184223

270

Domestic Flights

International FlightsOverflights

TotalAverage rate of growth

from 2005 to 2017 (Estimated)Overflights 4.0%International Flights 2.9%Domestic Flights 2.0%

Year

International trendNew operational concept with technical revolution

Diversified needs of operators and users

such as operational efficiency, on-time operation, global environmental issue, etc.

Such as Information sharing, responsibility sharing, decision support, etc.

Need to establish the future air traffic system with long term vision

IATA Vision 2015

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PolicyTargets

Operational Concept

Enabling Technology

Implementation Plan

Performance Indicators

Near-term Mid-term Long-termProgram

s

Future V

ision・Set up the Policy Targets around 2025, which is also the target year of ICAO ATM concept, based on international trend and social needs.

・Organize ATM Operational concept and Enabling Technology in order to achieve the goals.

・Based on the operational concept and enabling technology, sketch the Future Vision of Air Traffic Systems around 2025 and build up the Implementation Plan, in view of technical feasibility and cost-benefit efficiency.

・Set up the Performance Indicators to measure the achievement.

Conceptual out line

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3.2 Policy TargetsThe following areas are identified as policy targets of future air traffic systems around 2025:

(1) Enhancement of safety①accidents ②service continuity ③security

(2) Increase of capacity to meet air traffic growth①capacity ②operational cost

(3) Improvement of convenience①punctuality ②airport access rate ③fast arrival

(4) Improvement of ATS efficiency①service productivity

(5) Consideration of environment①CO2 ②noise

(6) Strengthening of the presence in the international aviation ①int’l contribution ②int’l competitiveness

Performance indicatorswill be developed for respective areas because it is considered essential for JCAB to continuously monitor the progress and assess outcomes in order to maximize benefits.

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3.３ Future Operational Concept and Programs in CNS/ATMJCAB has been developing a future operational concept and detailed programs in CNS/ATM, taking into account development of relevant operations and technologies in other countries as well as ICAO.

Key Areas:(1) Air Space Management (ASM)

ASM for 4DT, int’l CDR & RNAV route, training airspace, low altitude

(2) Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) and Capacitydesign / evaluation / calculation, prediction, optimization, planned formation

(3) Air Traffic Control (ATC)･･･Oceanic, En-routeautomation / remote, intent / maneuver / met information, ASAS / TIS

(4) Airport Operationposition / foreign objection debris detection, airport CDM

(5) Information Servicesinformation sharing, monitoring / analysis / evaluation, visualization, common infrastructure

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Common issues:(1) Technology

com datalinknav satnavsur grand / air to airdata continuity / extensibility / sustainability

(2) Human Factorhuman / machine, human resource

(3) Safety Managementevaluation, monitoring, natural disaster / jamming / accident prevention, crisis management

(4) EnvironmentRNAV / RNP / VNAV / CDA, ACFT renewal

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Partners:(1) A/Ls(2) R&D Institutes(3) Industries

etc.

Others:(1) Business case (B/C)(2) Financial resources(3) Institutional issues (Regulation)

etc.

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Key words:・Trajectory / performance - Based Operation (TBO / PBO)・Ability of prediction (met / ops / traffic flow / capacity)・SATNAV / SWIM・Real time situational awareness between ACFTs・Automated support system・Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) / Capacity (Congested / HD)

Safety is at the core of our missionWe promote the collaborative actions for renovation of ATS

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JCAB will continue the development of the vision and its implementation, in concert with relevant parties.

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Thank you for your attention !!