Civil Rights

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Civil Rights

Brands Labor Inventions

Elections

Civil Rights $100

On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court issued a decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, declaring that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." How many years have passed since the Supreme Court

made this ruling?

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/brown/images/br0202s.jpg

Civil Rights $100

Did You Know?

The 1954 decision was the first major piece of Civil Rights legislation since the 1896 Plessy vs. Ferguson Case, which Brown overruled.

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/brown/brown-segregation.html

Answer: current year - 1954

Civil Rights $200

This picture shows a line of people wanting to get a seat in the Supreme court for Brown vs. Board of

Education. If there are only 50 seats available, and only one thirteenth of the people were able to get a

seat, how many people were waiting in line?

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/brown/images/br0074s.jpg

Civil Rights $200

While Brown called for school desegregation, integration of public places was not legally supported

until the Civil Rights Acts ten years later, in 1964 http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/exhibit/aopart9b.html

Answer: 650 People

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/brown/images/br0074s.jpg

Civil Rights $300

From the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

delivered his famous "I Have A Dream" speech to a crowd of 250,000.

If there was a 4:1 ratio of African American viewers to White viewers,

how many African Americans watched the speech?

http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/wwii/jb_wwii_king_4_e.html

Civil Rights $300

March organizers A. Philip Randolph and Bayard Rustin had planned a similar march 22 years earlier to protest segregation in the armed forces, but the event was cancelled after the passage of the Fair Employment

Act in 1941.

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/mss/eadxmlmss/eadpdfmss/2005/ms005004.pdf

Answer: 200,000

http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/wwii/jb_wwii_king_4_e.html

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/learn/community/cc_civilrights.php#lessonplans http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/wwii/jb_wwii_king_1_e.html

Civil Rights $400

Martin Luther King made his famous speech in 1963. How

many years have passed since this speech?

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/learn/community/cc_civilrights.php#lessonplans http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/wwii/jb_wwii_king_1_e.html

Civil Rights $400

Martin Luther King became the youngest person ever to win the Nobel

Peace Prize in 1964.

http://www.loc.gov/shop/index.php?action=cCatalog.showItem&cid=14&scid=185&iid=3151

Answer: current year - 1964

Civil Rights $500

Rosa Parks was 42 years old when she refused to give up her seat on a bus to a

white man in Montgomery, Alabama. Eight years later, in 1963, Martin Luther King gave his famous speech. Use the dates

listed to find the year Rosa Parks was born.http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/civilrights/learn_more.html#civilrights Rosa Parks, seated on bus, looking out window, her face in profile

Civil Rights $500

The Montgomery Bus Boycott, which followed Parks’ incident, lasted over a year until the Supreme Court ruled in favor of

the Boycotters in November 1956http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/aa/activists/king/bus_3

Answer: 1913

http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/civilrights/learn_more.html#civilrights Rosa Parks, seated on bus, looking out window, her face in profile

Brands $100

Idaho's first potatoes were planted in 1837 by Presbyterian minister Henry Spalding. He developed a 15-acre potato plot and produced successful harvests. Give a dimension (length and width) of a potato plot that would give an area of 15 square acres?

http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php

Brands $100

The Irish Potato Famine of the 1840s cut Ireland’s population in half from widespread starvation and migration.

Answer example:

3 acres x 5 acreshttp://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php

Brands $200

In 1870, Luther and Eliza Tibbets planted three “navel” orange trees. Today, more than 6,000 citrus growers make up the Sunkist Cooperative. Of 6000 growers, if two thirds of the growers grow oranges, and half of the oranges grown are navels, how many citrus growers have navel oranges? http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php

Brands $200

By 1910, the Tibbets’ trees had turned into a very profitable business: at least 100,000 acres of orange groves existed in the state with profits reaching over $200 million. http://www.eee.org/bus/nos/history.htm

Answer: 2,000 navels

http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php

Brands $300

Milton Hershey was born in 1857. His interest in coating caramels with chocolate resulted in the

birth of the Hershey Chocolate Co. in 1894. Today, Hershey's produces more than 1 billion pounds of chocolate products each year. If the

Hershey company must spend $24,000 on milk, $6,000 on sugar, and $20,000 on cocoa to make

1 billion pounds of chocolate, how much did they have to spend per pound for ingredients?

http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php

Brands $300

Milton Hershey apprenticed for a printer before eventually working at a candy shop. He opened

his own candy store in 1876. (

http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/popup.php?state=pa2)

Answer: 0.00005 centshttp://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php

Brands $400

In 1886, Atlanta physician and chemist Dr. John Stith

Pemberton developed a nerve tonic called "Pemberton's French

Wine Cola”, which was the start of Coca-Cola. In 1886,

about nine drinks were sold each day. Today's daily sales

number 450 million. How many Coca-Cola drinks are sold

in one year today?http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php

Brands $400

The First Newspaper advertisements for Coca-Cola appeared

in 1906.http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/ccmphtml/colahist.html

Answer: 164,250,000,000

http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php

Brands $500

In the early 1900s, Edwin Perkins enjoyed studying chemistry and inventions. He

experimented with methods to remove the liquid from a concentrated drink mix called Fruit

Smack. The resulting powder was repackaged under the name "Kool-Ade," and later changed to "Kool-Aid.” More than 563 million gallons are consumed in a year. How many gallons are

consumed in a day?

http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php

Brands $500

Kool-Aid got its start in Hastings, Nebraska. http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php

Answer: 1542465.75http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm032.html

Labor $100

If a child received a weekly wage of 75 cents, how much

money would they receive after 5 weeks?

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm032.html

Labor $100

The National Child Labor Committee campaigned for tougher state and federal laws against the abuses of industrial child

labor, and Lewis Hine was its greatest publicist during the 1910s.

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm032.html

Answer: $3.75

Labor $200

This is the seal of the National Women’s Trade Union League of 1903. On the seal are the words “The Eight-Hour Day. A living wage. To guard the home.” On weekdays, a woman might work 8 hours a day in the industry, then 4 hours a day for her family. On weekends she worked 6 hours a day around the house. How many hours a week would she spend working?

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/images/at0054.13s.jpg

Labor $200

The seal was added to the national office's letterhead, became “increasingly popular with all the Local leagues on all their publications,” was fashioned into a pin, and -most satisfying of all - was reproduced and framed at Samuel Gompers's request to hang in his presidential office at the headquarters of the American Federation of Labor in Washington, D.C.

Answer: 72http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/images/at0054.13s.jpg

Labor $300

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpedu/collections/fsa/history.html Chinese laborer in potato field. Walla Walla, Washington

Members of minority groups such as this Chinese man were forced to migrate

from one temporary, low-paying job to the next. Some workers had to support

their families on as little as $1.50 a week. If today’s minimum wage in Virginia is

$5.15 an hour. If this man were to work 40 hours a week, what is the minimum that his employer would have to pay

him?

Labor $300Some states enacted laws “to protect…from conditions detrimental to their health and morals, resulting from wages which are inadequate to maintain decent standards of living”. Most laws targeted women, children and later immigrants. In 1937 the U.S. Supreme Court decided that minimum wage laws were constitutional in WEST COAST HOTEL CO. V. PARRISH , 300 U.S. 379.

Answer: $206

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/awhhtml/awlaw3/protective.html

Chinese laborer in potato field. Walla Walla, Washington http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpedu/collections/fsa/history.html

Labor $400

On May 10 1894, 2500 out of 3100 of the railroad workmen went on

strike. What percent of 3100 workmen went on strike?

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/cbhtml/cbhome.html

Labor $400

The Strike of 1894 lasted for over two months, as it was not fully

resolved until August. http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/timeline/riseind/railroad/strike.html

Answer: 81 percent

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Labor $500

The period from 1894 to 1915 was a period of change, unrest, and

economic uncertainty for the workers of the United States. If a man made $1.00 a week during this period, how

much would he make from the beginning of 1894 till the end of 1915?

America at work http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/awlhtml/awlwork.html

Labor $500

While many cities experienced labor strikes during this period, Chicago in particular was a center of labor activity in the early-twentieth century with the Chicago City Railway strike of 1903, the Stockyard strike of 1904, the Garment Workers strike of 1915, and the Bloomington and Normal Electric Power and Railway strike of 1917, all involving confrontations with police. http://memory.loc.gov/learn/collections/chicago/history.html

Answer:

$1092

America at work http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/awlhtml/awlwork.html

Inventions $100

Orville and Wilbur Wright had the first successful flight in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina in 1901, with a glider that covered a distance of 389 feet. If there are three feet in a yard, how

many yards did they fly?

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/images/vc006764.jpg

Inventions $100

The Wrights only used three materials, wood, cloth, and steel, to make their airplane.

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/wb-achieve.html

Answer: 129.67 yards.

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/images/vc006764.jpg

Inventions $200

Orville piloted the first flight, which lasted just 12 seconds. On the fourth and final flight of the day, Wilbur flew for 57 seconds. How many more seconds did they fly the fourth day? Wilbur and Orville on porch in Dayton, 1909 http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/images/wb0040_3s.jpg

Inventions $200

The 1903 machine contained not only a 200-pound aluminum, 4-cylinder, water-cooled gasoline engine that the Wrights had designed and built, but also two propellers, all mounted on a controllable airframe. http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/wb-achieve.html

Answer: 45 secondsWilbur and Orville on porch in Dayton, 1909

http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/images/wb0040_3s.jpg

Inventions $300

It took Thomas Edison over 2,000 tries to invent the light bulb. Afterwards he claimed that he did not fail 2,000 times, but that he knew 2,000 ways NOT to make a light bulb. What percent is 1 of 2,000?

http://www.americasstory.gov/aa/edison/aa_edison_fail_3_e.html

Inventions $300

Thomas Edison acquired a total of 1,093 patents during his life.http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/edhtml/edbio.html

Answer: 0.05 %

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/edhtml/edbio.html

http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/progress/jb_progress_icecream_1_e.html

Inventions $400

Ice cream cones were invented and sold for the first time at a fair. If you have $3.50, and ice cream cones are

30 cents, how many can you buy?

Inventions $400 http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/progress/jb_progress_icecream_1_e.html

Thomas Jefferson once offered a recipe for his take on vanilla ice cream. http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/tri034.html

Answer: 11 cones

Inventions $500

The Model T Ford can go 45 miles per hour. How many hours will it take to get to a destination

320 miles away?

Inventions $500

When the model T was first sold in 1908, it cost $950.

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/jul30.html

Answer: 7 hours and 7 minutes

Elections $100

Once three-fourths of the states had ratified the 19th Amendment, women were granted

the right to vote in 1920. In the city of Springfield, 44 women voted. Orange county had 5 more than double the female votes that Springfield had. How many women voted in

Orange County?http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/jazz/19tham_3

Elections $100

Between 1880 and 1910, the number of women employed in the United States

increased from 2.6 million to 7.8 million. http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/timeline/progress/suffrage/suffrage.html

Answer: 93 voteshttp://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/jazz/19tham_3

Elections $200

http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/reform/vote_2

Electors are people who represent their state and vote for a president. Depending on the size of its population states may

have more electoral votes. California has 54 electoral votes while New Mexico has

only five. If a state had three times as many people as New Mexico, how many

electoral votes would they receive?

In the early 1800's, the term "electoral college" came into general usage as the unofficial designation for the group of citizens selected to

cast votes for President and Vice President. It was first written into Federal law in 1845, and today the term appears in 3 U.S.C. section 4,

in the section heading and in the text as "college of electors." http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/electoral-college/faq.html#history

Answer: 15 voteshttp://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/reform/vote_2

Elections $200

Elections $300

By 1920, World War I was over, and America was ready for a presidential election. If elections happen every four years, when did the next election take place?

American Leaders Speak http://memory.loc.gov/anmem/nfhtml/nfing.html

Elections $300

President Harding won the 1920 election but died in office in 1923 before the next election. V.P. Calvin Coolidge assumed the office and won the 1924 election to remain in office until 1928.http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/coolhtml/ccpres02.html

Answer: 1924

American Leaders Speak http://memory.loc.gov/anmem/nfhtml/nfing.html

Elections $400

If 12 women voted for every 116 men, write the ratio of women to men in simplest form.

Famous GOP women arrive http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/ppmsc/03600/03681r.jpg

Elections $400

Answer: 3 to 29

By 1896, women had Famous GOP

women arrive gained the right to http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/ppmsc/03600/03681r.jpg vote in four states (Wyoming, Colorado, Idaho, and Utah). http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/timeline/progress/suffrage/suffrage.html

Elections $500

In 1909, James Cox represented Ohio in the house of representatives. He was the governor of Ohio when he was nominated as a candidate for the presidency by the democratic party in 1918. How many years passed between when he represented Ohio until he was a candidate for the presidency? James Cox, Governor of Ohio, half-length portrait, facing left, seated at desk, reading. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/nfhtml/nfexpe.html

Elections $500

Franklin Roosevelt was selected as Cox’s running mate for the 1920 election.http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/nfhtml/nfexpe.html

Answer: 9 years

James Cox, Governor of Ohio, half-length portrait, facing left, seated at desk, reading.

http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/nfhtml/nfexpe.html

LOC Resources• Slide 4http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/brown/images/br0202s.jpg• Slide 5http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/brown/brown-segregation.html• Slide 6http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/brown/images/br0074s.jpg• Slide 7http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/exhibit/

aopart9b.htmlSlide 8

http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/wwii/jb_wwii_king_4_e.html

• Slide 9http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/mss/eadxmlmss/eadpdfmss/

2005/ms005004.pdfSlide 10

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/learn/community/cc_civilrights.php#lessonplans Slide 11

http://www.loc.gov/shop/index.php?action=cCatalog.showItem&cid=14&scid=185&iid=3151

• Slide 12http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/civilrights/

learn_more.html#civilrights

• Slide 13http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/aa/

activists/king/bus_3• Slide 14http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php• Slide 15http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php• Slide 16http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php• Slide 17http://www.eee.org/bus/nos/history.htm• Slide 18http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php• Slide 19http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/popup.php?

state=pa2• Slide 20http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php• Slide 21http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/ccmphtml/colahist.html• Slide 22http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php

LOC Resources (cont’d)• Slide 23http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/branding/index.php• Slide 24http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm032.html• Slide 25http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm032.html• Slide 26http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/images/at0054.13s.jpg• Slide 27http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/images/at0054.13s.jpg• Slide 28http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpedu/collections/fsa/

history.html Slide 29

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• Slide 30http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/cbhtml/cbhome.html• Slide 31http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/timeline/riseind/

railroad/strike.html• Slide 32http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/awlhtml/awlwork.html

• Slide 33http://memory.loc.gov/learn/collections/chicago/history.html• Slide 34http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/images/vc006764.jpg

Slide 35http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/wb-achieve.html• Slide 36http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/images/

wb0040_3s.jpg• Slide 37http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/wb-achieve.html• Slide 38http://www.americasstory.gov/aa/edison/

aa_edison_fail_3_e.html• Slide 39http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/edhtml/edbio.html• Slide 40http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/progress/

jb_progress_icecream_1_e.html• Slide 41 http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/tri034.html• Slide 42

LOC Resources (cont’d)• Slide 43http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/jul30.html• Slide 44http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/jazz/

19tham_3• Slide 45http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/timeline/progress/

suffrage/suffrage.html• Slide 46http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/

reform/vote_2• Slide 47http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/

reform/vote_2• Slide 48http://memory.loc.gov/anmem/nfhtml/nfing.html• Slide 49http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/nfhtml/• Slide 50http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/ppmsc/03600/03681r.jpg• Slide 51http://memory.loc.gov/learn/features/timeline/progress/

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