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CHAPTER 1

Introduction to Civil DraftingTechnology

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Civil Drafting Technology, 7thedition

Madsen, Shumaker, and Madsen

2010 Pearson Higher Education,

Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.2

Civil Engineering One of the oldest forms of engineering.

Includes a variety of tasks, from land andtransportation planning to flood control and power

plants.

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Civil Drafting

Drafting performed for civil engineering

projects, such as highways, bridges,

waterworks, harbors, railroads, canals, and

building sites. Anything that has to do with the design of the

land for construction projects.

Maps

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http://youtu.be/HtVxO18jLnc
http://youtu.be/HtVxO18jLnchttp://youtu.be/HtVxO18jLnc

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What do Civil Drafters Draw?

Maps

Municipal services

Transportation drawings

Flood control & land drainage drawings

Urban planning drawings

Construction site plans

Road and infrastructure drawings

Environmental remediation plans

Etc.

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Maps

Maps provide graphic representations of part of or

the entire earths surface drawn to scale on a plane

(flat) surface.

Maps consist of: Lines, symbols, and colors.

Distances, locations, elevations, best routes, terrain

features, and much more. Charts and legends.

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Cartography

Cartography is the science or practice

of making maps.

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What are the most important features on a

map?

Title Block and Legend

Identifies the map.Provides information about map scales,

symbols, compass direction, and special notes.

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Map Title Block and Legend

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Cadastral Maps

Large-scale mapsthat accurately showthe features in a city

or town. Used for city

development,operation, and

taxation.

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Quadrangle Maps

Cadastral map showing

the division of land into

grids known as sections.

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Engineering Maps

Show the layout of engineering projects. Plats carefully detailed engineering maps of

construction projects such as subdivisions showing

building lots. Site plans

Plot plans

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Engineering Maps

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Engineering Maps

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Geographical Maps

Show larges areas of the earth, depicting

continents, countries, rivers, and other

important features.

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Hydrologic Maps

Accurately show the hydrological (water)

boundaries of major river basins.

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Military Maps

Contain information of

military importance or

serve a military use.

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Nautical Charts

Used as an aid to

water navigation.

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Photogrammetric Maps

Created from aerial photographs.

Aerial Photograph Photogrammetric Map

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Topographic Maps

Accurately show

the shape of the

earth by the use of

contour lines.

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Planning Maps

Contain information

from a variety of

maps, and are used

for planning ofengineering projects.

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Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Data

3D models.

DEM files contain a large amount of data,

based on a grid of elevation points.

Describes a variety of information, such as

topography, vegetation coverage, and

underground aquifers.

Used to produce a variety of maps.

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Digital Terrain Models (DTM)

Digital Terrain model (DTM) a DEM that

provides information about the earths surface.

Terrain a feature of land.

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Maps Created Using DEM Technology

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Geologic Maps

Describe the location,type, and extent ofgeologic features.

Colors are used to

describe geologicinformation. Important for land

planning.

Geological having to dowith the earths crust,rock, movement of theearth or earth structure.

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Remote Sensing

Used to collect information

about the surface of the earth

using highly sophisticated

instruments carried by ships,aircraft, spacecraft, and

satellites.

Thematic maps

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Aeronautical Charts

Used as an aid to

air travel.

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Civil Drafting Standards

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2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All Rights Reserved.30

Professional Organizations

American Design Drafting Association(ADDA)

American Council of Engineering Companies

(ACEC) American Society for Engineering Education

(ASEE)

American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)

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US National CADD Standards The National Council for Advanced Manufacturing (NACFAM)

publishes the Computer-Aided Drafting and Design (CADD) SkillStandards.

The U.S. National CAD Standard was created by: CADD/GIS Technology Center (CGTC)

American Institute of Architects (AIA) Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) United States Coast Guard, the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning

Contractors National Association (SMACNA) General Services Administration (GSA)

National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) Facilities InformationCouncil.

We will study these standards in Chapter 2 of this course.

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Civil Drafting Lines

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Civil Drafting Text

Text words on a drawing. Text format corresponds to civil drafting

standards.

CADD text is uniform, easy to read, and can becreated and edited quickly.

Font all the uppercase and lowercase letters

and numerals of a particular letter face design.

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Civil Drafting Text

Common characteristics: Standard heights: .12 in. or .125 in. (3mm), .24 in.

or .25 in. (6mm)

Font: RomanS, RomanD, StylusBT Most often uppercase

68 degree inclined angle can be used for some

applications.

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Civil Drafting Text

Notes provide written information such as a comment,explanation, or specification.

General notes apply to the entire drawing. Specific notes (local notes) relate to a specific feature

or instructions within the drawing. Specifications separate notes that identify the quality,

quantity, type of material used, workmanship, and otherdetailed information about the entire project.

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Civil Drafting Technology 7th edition 2010 Pearson Higher Education

Chapter 1 Activities

Read the Chapter 1

Complete Chapter 1 Test

Chapter 1 Problems P1-7, P1-8, P1-9

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