CIVIL LIBERTIES

• Civil Liberties = restrictions on government

• Civil Rights = protections by government

I. BACKGROUND

• A. Magna Carta

• B. 1689 English Bill of Rights

• C. U.S. Bill of Rights

• D. Supreme Court

• E. Watchdogs

• NAACP

• ACLU

II. APPLICATION TO STATES

• A. Barron vs. Baltimore - 1833

• B. 14th Amendment - 1868

• equal protection

• due process

• C. Gitlow vs. New York - 1925

III. Liberties Defined

• A. Religion

• - Establishment Clause

• 1. Everson vs. The Board

• 2. McCollum vs. The Board

• 3. Zorich vs. Clauson

• 4. Westside Board vs. Mergens

• 5. Engle vs. Vitale

• 6. Murray vs. Baltimore

• 7. Epperson vs. Arkansas

• 8. Walz vs. Tax Commission

• 9. McGowan vs. Maryland

• -Exercise Clause

• 1. Jacobson vs. Massachusetts

• 2. Bunn vs. North Carolina

• 3. W. VA. Board vs. Barnette

• EXCEPTIONS

• MONEY “IN GOD WE TRUST”

• PRAYER IN LEGISLATURES

• MILITARY CHAPLAINS

• PLEDGE OF ALLEGANCE

• B. Speech

• intent

• relative:

• slander?

• incite to riot?

• 1. Schenk vs. U.S.

• 2. Symbolic Speech

• U.S. vs. O’Brien

• Tinker vs. Des Moines Schools

• C. Press

• libel

• 1. Near vs. Minnesota

• 2. Miller vs. California

• rules: prurient interest

• lacks quality

• offensive sexual behavior

• community norm

• 3. N.Y. Times vs. U.S.

• 4. Shielding sources

• D. Assembly

• 1. Thornhill vs. Alabama

• E. Association

• 1. Shelton vs. Tucker

• 2. NAACP vs. Alabama

• 3. Elfbrandt vs. Russell