civil code (book i)

7/28/2019 Civil Code (Book I)

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The Civil Code of the PhilippinesAN ACT TO ORDAIN AND INSTITUTE THE CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

PRELIMINARY TITLE

CHAPTER I. EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF LAWS

Article 1. This Act shall be kn!n as the "Ci#il C$e % the Phili&&ines." 'n(

Art. ). La!s shall take e%%ect a%ter 1* $a+s %ll!in, the c-&letin % their &blicatin in the O%%icial /a0ette

nless it is ther!ise &r#i$e$. This C$e shall take e%%ect 1 +ear a%ter sch &blicatin. '1a(

Art. 2. I,nrance % the la! e3cses n ne %r- c-&liance there!ith. ')(

Art. 4. La!s shall ha#e n retracti#e e%%ect nless the cntrar+ is &r#i$e$. '2(

Art. *. Acts e3ecte$ a,ainst the &r#isins % -an$atr+ r &rhibitr+ la!s shall be #i$ e3ce&t !hen the

la! itsel% athri0es their #ali$it+. '4a(

Art. 5. Ri,hts -a+ be !ai#e$ nless the !ai#er is cntrar+ t la! &blic r$er &blic &lic+ -rals r ,$

cst-s r &re6$icial t a thir$ &ersn !ith a ri,ht rec,ni0e$ b+ la!. '4a(

Art. 7. La!s are re&eale$ nl+ b+ sbse8ent nes an$ their #ilatin r nn9bser#ance shall nt be e3cse$

b+ $isse r cst- r &ractice t the cntrar+.

:hen the crts $eclare$ a la! t be incnsistent !ith the Cnstittin the %r-er shall be #i$ an$ the latter

shall ,#ern.

A$-inistrati#e r e3ecti#e acts r$ers an$ re,latins shall be #ali$ nl+ !hen the+ are nt cntrar+ t the

la!s r the Cnstittin. '*a(

Art. ;. <$icial $ecisins a&&l+in, r inter&retin, the la!s r the Cnstittin shall %r- a &art % the le,al

s+ste- % the Phili&&ines. 'n(

Art. =. N 6$,e r crt shall $ecline t ren$er 6$,-ent b+ reasn % the silence bscrit+ r ins%%icienc+ %

the la!s. '5(

Art. 1>. In case % $bt in the inter&retatin r a&&licatin % la!s it is &res-e$ that the la!9-akin, b$+

inten$e$ ri,ht an$ 6stice t &re#ail. 'n(Art. 11. Cst-s !hich are cntrar+ t la! &blic r$er r &blic &lic+ shall nt be cntenance$. 'n(

Art. 1). A cst- -st be &r#e$ as a %act accr$in, t the rles % e#i$ence. 'n(

Art. 12. :hen the la!s s&eak % +ears -nths $a+s r ni,hts it shall be n$erst$ that +ears are % 25*

$a+s each? -nths % 2> $a+s? $a+s % )4 hrs? an$ ni,hts %r- snset t snrise.

I% -nths are $esi,nate$ b+ their na-e the+ shall be c-&te$ b+ the n-ber % $a+s !hich the+

res&ecti#el+ ha#e.

In c-&tin, a &eri$ the %irst $a+ shall be e3cl$e$ an$ the last $a+ incl$e$. '7a(

Art. 14. Penal la!s an$ thse % &blic secrit+ an$ sa%et+ shall be bli,atr+ &n all !h li#e r s6rn in

the Phili&&ine territr+ sb6ect t the &rinci&les % &blic internatinal la! an$ t treat+ sti&latins. ';a(

Art. 1*. La!s relatin, t %a-il+ ri,hts an$ $ties r t the stats cn$itin an$ le,al ca&acit+ % &ersns are

bin$in, &n citi0ens % the Phili&&ines e#en th,h li#in, abra$. '=a(Art. 15. Real &r&ert+ as !ell as &ersnal &r&ert+ is sb6ect t the la! % the cntr+ !here it is sti&late$.

H!e#er intestate an$ testa-entar+ sccessins bth !ith res&ect t the r$er % sccessin an$ t the

a-nt % sccessinal ri,hts an$ t the intrinsic #ali$it+ % testa-entar+ &r#isins shall be re,late$ b+ the

natinal la! % the &ersn !hse sccessin is n$er cnsi$eratin !hate#er -a+ be the natre % the

&r&ert+ an$ re,ar$less % the cntr+ !herein sai$ &r&ert+ -a+ be %n$. '1>a(

Art. 17. The %r-s an$ sle-nities % cntracts !ills an$ ther &blic instr-ents shall be ,#erne$ b+ the

la!s % the cntr+ in !hich the+ are e3ecte$.

:hen the acts re%erre$ t are e3ecte$ be%re the $i&l-atic r cnslar %%icials % the Re&blic % the

Phili&&ines in a %rei,n cntr+ the sle-nities establishe$ b+ Phili&&ine la!s shall be bser#e$ in theire3ectin.

Prhibiti#e la!s cncernin, &ersns their acts r &r&ert+ an$ thse !hich ha#e %r their b6ect &blic r$er

&blic &lic+ an$ ,$ cst-s shall nt be ren$ere$ ine%%ecti#e b+ la!s r 6$,-ents &r-l,ate$ r b+

$eter-inatins r cn#entins a,ree$ &n in a %rei,n cntr+. '11a(



'=( The ri,ht t be secre in ne@s &ersn hse &a&ers an$ e%%ects a,ainst nreasnable searches an$

sei0res?

'1>( The libert+ % ab$e an$ % chan,in, the sa-e?

'11( The &ri#ac+ % c--nicatin an$ crres&n$ence?

'1)( The ri,ht t bec-e a -e-ber % assciatins r scieties %r &r&ses nt cntrar+ t la!?'12( The ri,ht t take &art in a &eaceable asse-bl+ t &etitin the ,#ern-ent %r re$ress % ,rie#ances?

'14( The ri,ht t be %ree %r- in#lntar+ ser#it$e in an+ %r-?

'1*( The ri,ht % the accse$ a,ainst e3cessi#e bail?'15( The ri,ht % the accse$ t be hear$ b+ hi-sel% an$ cnsel t be in%r-e$ % the natre an$ case %the accsatin a,ainst hi- t ha#e a s&ee$+ an$ &blic trial t -eet the !itnesses %ace t %ace an$ t ha#e

c-&lsr+ &rcess t secre the atten$ance % !itness in his behal%?

'17( Free$- %r- bein, c-&elle$ t be a !itness a,ainst ne@s sel% r %r- bein, %rce$ t cn%ess ,ilt r

%r- bein, in$ce$ b+ a &r-ise % i--nit+ r re!ar$ t -ake sch cn%essin e3ce&t !hen the &ersn

cn%essin, bec-es a State !itness?

'1;( Free$- %r- e3cessi#e %ines r crel an$ nsal &nish-ent nless the sa-e is i-&se$ r in%licte$ inaccr$ance !ith a statte !hich has nt been 6$iciall+ $eclare$ ncnstittinal? an$

'1=( Free$- % access t the crts.

In an+ % the cases re%erre$ t in this article !hether r nt the $e%en$ant@s act r -issin cnstittes a

cri-inal %%ense the a,,rie#e$ &art+ has a ri,ht t c--ence an entirel+ se&arate an$ $istinct ci#il actin %r

$a-a,es an$ %r ther relie%. Sch ci#il actin shall &rcee$ in$e&en$entl+ % an+ cri-inal &rsectin 'i% the

latter be institte$( an$ -at be &r#e$ b+ a &re&n$erance % e#i$ence.

The in$e-nit+ shall incl$e -ral $a-a,es. E3e-&lar+ $a-a,es -a+ als be a$6$icate$.The res&nsibilit+ herein set %rth is nt $e-an$able %r- a 6$,e nless his act r -issin cnstittes a#ilatin % the Penal C$e r ther &enal statte.

Art. 22. In cases % $e%a-atin %ra$ an$ &h+sical in6ries a ci#il actin %r $a-a,es entirel+ se&arate an$$istinct %r- the cri-inal actin -a+ be br,ht b+ the in6re$ &art+. Sch ci#il actin shall &rcee$

in$e&en$entl+ % the cri-inal &rsectin an$ shall re8ire nl+ a &re&n$erance % e#i$ence.

Art. 24. :hen a -e-ber % a cit+ r -nici&al &lice %rce re%ses r %ails t ren$er ai$ r &rtectin t an+

&ersn in case % $an,er t li%e r &r&ert+ sch &eace %%icer shall be &ri-aril+ liable %r $a-a,es an$ thecit+ r -nici&alit+ shall be sbsi$iaril+ res&nsible there%r. The ci#il actin herein rec,ni0e$ shall be

in$e&en$ent % an+ cri-inal &rcee$in,s an$ a &re&n$erance % e#i$ence shall s%%ice t s&&rt sch actin.

Art. 2*. :hen a &ersn clai-in, t be in6re$ b+ a cri-inal %%ense char,es anther !ith the sa-e %r !hich

n in$e&en$ent ci#il actin is ,rante$ in this C$e r an+ s&ecial la! bt the 6stice % the &eace %in$s n

reasnable ,rn$s t belie#e that a cri-e has been c--itte$ r the &rsectin, attrne+ re%ses r %ails t

institte cri-inal &rcee$in,s the c-&laint -a+ brin, a ci#il actin %r $a-a,es a,ainst the alle,e$ %%en$er.Sch ci#il actin -a+ be s&&rte$ b+ a &re&n$erance % e#i$ence. U&n the $e%en$ant@s -tin the crt

-a+ re8ire the &lainti%% t %ile a bn$ t in$e-ni%+ the $e%en$ant in case the c-&laint shl$ be %n$ t be-alicis.

I% $rin, the &en$enc+ % the ci#il actin an in%r-atin shl$ be &resente$ b+ the &rsectin, attrne+ theci#il actin shall be ss&en$e$ ntil the ter-inatin % the cri-inal &rcee$in,s.

Art. 25. Pre96$icial 8estins !hich -st be $eci$e$ be%re an+ cri-inal &rsectin -a+ be institte$ r -a+

&rcee$ shall be ,#erne$ b+ rles % crt !hich the S&re-e Crt shall &r-l,ate an$ !hich shall nt be

in cn%lict !ith the &r#isins % this C$e.



BOOK I. PERSONS

Title I. - CIVIL PERSONALITY

CHAPTER 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Art. 27. <ri$ical ca&acit+ !hich is the %itness t be the sb6ect % le,al relatins is inherent in e#er+ natral

&ersn an$ is lst nl+ thr,h $eath. Ca&acit+ t act !hich is the &!er t $ acts !ith le,al e%%ect is

ac8ire$ an$ -a+ be lst. 'n(

Art. 2;. Binrit+ insanit+ r i-becilit+ the state % bein, a $ea%9-te &r$i,alit+ an$ ci#il inter$ictin are-ere restrictins n ca&acit+ t act an$ $ nt e3e-&t the inca&acitate$ &ersn %r- certain bli,atins as

!hen the latter arise %r- his acts r %r- &r&ert+ relatins sch as ease-ents. '2)a(

Art. 2=. The %ll!in, circ-stances a-n, thers -$i%+ r li-it ca&acit+ t act a,e insanit+ i-becilit+

the state % bein, a $ea%9-te &enalt+ &r$i,alit+ %a-il+ relatins aliena,e absence insl#enc+ an$trsteeshi&. The cnse8ences % these circ-stances are ,#erne$ in this C$e ther c$es the Rles %

Crt an$ in s&ecial la!s. Ca&acit+ t act is nt li-ite$ n accnt % reli,is belie% r &litical &inin.

A -arrie$ !-an )1 +ears % a,e r #er is 8ali%ie$ %r all acts % ci#il li%e e3ce&t in cases s&eci%ie$ b+ la!.

'n(

CHAPTER 2. NATURAL PERSONS

Art. 4>. irth $eter-ines &ersnalit+? bt the cncei#e$ chil$ shall be cnsi$ere$ brn %r all &r&ses that are

%a#rable t it &r#i$e$ it be brn later !ith the cn$itins s&eci%ie$ in the %ll!in, article. ')=a(

Art. 41. Fr ci#il &r&ses the %ets is cnsi$ere$ brn i% it is ali#e at the ti-e it is c-&letel+ $eli#ere$ %r-

the -ther@s !-b. H!e#er i% the %ets ha$ an intra9terine li%e % less than 7 -nths it is nt $ee-e$ brn

i% it $ies !ithin )4 hrs a%ter its c-&lete $eli#er+ %r- the -aternal !-b. '2>a(

Art. 4). Ci#il &ersnalit+ is e3tin,ishe$ b+ $eath.

The e%%ect % $eath &n the ri,hts an$ bli,atins % the $ecease$ is $eter-ine$ b+ la! b+ cntract an$ b+!ill. '2)a(

Art. 42. I% there is a $bt as bet!een ) r -re &ersns !h are calle$ t sccee$ each ther as t !hich %

the- $ie$ %irst !he#er alle,es the $eath % ne &rir t the ther shall &r#e the sa-e? in the absence %&r% it is &res-e$ that the+ $ie$ at the sa-e ti-e an$ there shall be n trans-issin % ri,hts %r- ne t

the ther. '22(

CHAPTER 3. JURIDICAL PERSONS

Art. 44. The %ll!in, are 6ri$ical &ersns

'1( The State an$ its &litical sb$i#isins?')( Other cr&ratins instittins an$ entities %r &blic interest r &r&se create$ b+ la!? their &ersnalit+

be,ins as sn as the+ ha#e been cnstitte$ accr$in, t la!?

'2( Cr&ratins &artnershi&s an$ assciatins %r &ri#ate interest r &r&se t !hich the la! ,rants a

6ri$ical &ersnalit+ se&arate an$ $istinct %r- that % each sharehl$er &artner r -e-ber. '2*a(

Art. 4*. <ri$ical &ersns -entine$ in Ns. 1 an$ ) % the &rece$in, article are ,#erne$ b+ the la!s creatin,

r rec,ni0in, the-.

Pri#ate cr&ratins are re,late$ b+ la!s % ,eneral a&&licatin n the sb6ect.

Partnershi&s an$ assciatins %r &ri#ate interest r &r&se are ,#erne$ b+ the &r#isins % this C$e

cncernin, &artnershi&s. '25 an$ 27a(

Art. 45. <ri$ical &ersns -a+ ac8ire an$ &ssess &r&ert+ % all kin$s as !ell as incr bli,atins an$ brin,ci#il r cri-inal actins in cn%r-it+ !ith the la!s an$ re,latins % their r,ani0atin. '2;a(

Art. 47. U&n the $issltin % cr&ratins instittins an$ ther entities %r &blic interest r &r&se-entine$ in N. ) % Article 44 their &r&ert+ an$ ther assets shall be $is&se$ % in &rsance % la! r the

charter creatin, the-. I% nthin, has been s&eci%ie$ n this &int the &r&ert+ an$ ther assets shall bea&&lie$ t si-ilar &r&ses %r the bene%it % the re,in &r#ince cit+ r -nici&alit+ !hich $rin, the

e3istence % the instittin $eri#e$ the &rinci&al bene%its %r- the sa-e. '2=a(



Title II. - CITIENS!IP AN" "OMICILE

Art. 4;. The %ll!in, are citi0ens % the Phili&&ines

'1( Thse !h !ere citi0ens % the Phili&&ines at the ti-e % the a$&tin % the Cnstittin % the Phili&&ines?')( Thse brn in the Phili&&ines % %rei,n &arents !h be%re the a$&tin % sai$ Cnstittin ha$ been

electe$ t &blic %%ice in the Phili&&ines?'2( Thse !hse %athers are citi0ens % the Phili&&ines?

'4( Thse !hse -thers are citi0ens % the Phili&&ines an$ &n reachin, the a,e % -a6rit+ elect Phili&&ine

citi0enshi&?

'*( Thse !h are natrali0e$ in accr$ance !ith la!. 'n(

Art. 4=. Natrali0atin an$ the lss an$ reac8isitin % citi0enshi& % the Phili&&ines are ,#erne$ b+ s&ecial

la!s. 'n(

Art. *>. Fr the e3ercise % ci#il ri,hts an$ the %l%ill-ent % ci#il bli,atins the $-icile % natral &ersns is

the &lace % their habital resi$ence. '4>a(

Art. *1. :hen the la! creatin, r rec,ni0in, the- r an+ ther &r#isin $es nt %i3 the $-icile % 6ri$ical

&ersns the sa-e shall be n$erst$ t be the &lace !here their le,al re&resentatin is establishe$ r !here

the+ e3ercise their &rinci&al %nctins. '41a(



Title III. - MARRIA#E

CHAPTER 1. REQUISITES OF MARRIAGE

Art. *). Barria,e is nt a -ere cntract bt an in#ilable scial instittin. Its natre cnse8ences an$

inci$ents are ,#erne$ b+ la! an$ nt sb6ect t sti&latin e3ce&t that the -arria,e settle-ents -a+ t a

certain e3tent %i3 the &r&ert+ relatins $rin, the -arria,e. 'n(

Art. *2. N -arria,e shall be sle-ni0e$ nless all these re8isites are c-&lie$ !ith

'1( Le,al ca&acit+ % the cntractin, &arties?')( Their cnsent %reel+ ,i#en?

'2( Athrit+ % the &ersn &er%r-in, the -arria,e? an$

'4( A -arria,e license e3ce&t in a -arria,e % e3ce&tinal character 'Sec. 1a Art. 2512(.

Art. *4. An+ -ale % the a,e % 15 +ears r &!ar$s an$ an+ %e-ale % the a,e % 14 +ears r &!ar$s ntn$er an+ % the i-&e$i-ents -entine$ in Articles ;> t ;4 -a+ cntract -arria,e. ')(

Art. **. N &articlar %r- %r the cere-n+ % -arria,e is re8ire$ bt the &arties !ith le,al ca&acit+ tcntract -arria,e -st $eclare in the &resence % the &ersn sle-ni0in, the -arria,e an$ % ) !itnesses %

le,al a,e that the+ take each ther as hsban$ an$ !i%e. This $eclaratin shall be set %rth in an instr-ent intri&licate si,ne$ b+ si,natre r -ark b+ the cntractin, &arties an$ sai$ ) !itnesses an$ atteste$ b+ the

&ersn sle-ni0in, the -arria,e.In case % a -arria,e n the &int % $eath !hen the $+in, &art+ bein, &h+sicall+ nable cannt si,n the

instr-ent b+ si,natre r -ark it shall be s%%icient %r ne % the !itnesses t the -arria,e t si,n in hisna-e !hich %act shall be atteste$ b+ the -inister sle-ni0in, the -arria,e. '2(

Art. *5. Barria,e -a+ be sle-ni0e$ b+

'1( The Chie% <stice an$ Assciate <stices % the S&re-e Crt?

')( The Presi$in, <stice an$ the <stices % the Crt % A&&eals?

'2( <$,es % the Crts % First Instance?

'4( Ba+rs % cities an$ -nici&alities?

'*( Bnici&al 6$,es an$ 6stices % the &eace?

'5( Priests rabbis -inisters % the ,s&el % an+ $en-inatin chrch reli,in r sect $l+ re,istere$ as

&r#i$e$ in Article =)? an$

'7( Shi& ca&tains air&lane chie%s -ilitar+ c--an$ers an$ cnsls an$ #ice9cnsls in s&ecial cases &r#i$e$in Articles 74 an$ 7*. '4a(

Art. *7. The -arria,e shall be sle-ni0e$ &blicl+ in the %%ice % the 6$,e in &en crt r % the -a+r? r in

the chrch cha&el r te-&le as the case -a+ be an$ nt else!here e3ce&t in cases % -arria,es cntracte$

n the &int % $eath r in re-te &laces in accr$ance !ith Article 7) % this C$e r in case % -arria,ere%erre$ t in Article 75 r !hen ne % the &arents r the ,ar$ian % the %e-ale r the latter hersel% i% #er 1;

+ears % a,e re8est it in !ritin, in !hich cases the -arria,e -a+ be sle-ni0e$ at a hse r &lace$esi,nate$ b+ sai$ &arent r ,ar$ian % the %e-ale r b+ the latter hersel% in a s!rn state-ent t that e%%ect.

'*a(

Art. *;. Sa#e -arria,es % an e3ce&tinal character athri0e$ in Cha&ter ) % this Title bt nt thse n$er

Article 7* n -arria,e shall be sle-ni0e$ !itht a license %irst bein, isse$ b+ the lcal ci#il re,istrar % the-nici&alit+ !here either cntractin, &art+ habitall+ resi$es. '7a(

Art. *=. The lcal ci#il re,istrar shall isse the &r&er license i% each % the cntractin, &arties s!ears

se&aratel+ be%re hi- r be%re an+ &blic %%icial athri0e$ t a$-inister aths t an a&&licatin in !ritin,

settin, %rth that sch &art+ has the necessar+ 8ali%icatins %r cntractin, -arria,e. The a&&licants their

&arents r ,ar$ians shall nt be re8ire$ t e3hibit their resi$ence certi%icates in an+ %r-alit+ in cnnectin!ith the secrin, % the -arria,e license. Sch a&&licatin shall ins%ar as &ssible cntain the %ll!in, $ata

'1( Fll na-e % the cntractin, &art+?

')( Place % birth?

'2( A,e $ate % birth?

'4( Ci#il stats 'sin,le !i$! r !i$!er r $i#rce$(?'*( I% $i#rce$ h! an$ !hen the &re#is -arria,e !as $issl#e$?

'5( Present resi$ence?'7( De,ree % relatinshi& % the cntractin, &arties?

';( Fll na-e % the %ather?

'=( Resi$ence % the %ather?

'1>( Fll na-e % the -ther?

'11( Resi$ence % the -ther?

'1)( Fll na-e an$ resi$ence % the ,ar$ian r &ersn ha#in, char,e in case the cntractin, &art+ has

neither %ather nr -ther an$ is n$er the a,e % )> +ears i% a -ale r 1; +ears i% a %e-ale. '7a(

Art. 5>. The lcal ci#il re,istrar &n recei#in, sch a&&licatin shall re8ire the e3hibitin % the ri,inal

ba&tis-al r birth certi%icates % the cntractin, &arties r c&ies % sch $c-ents $l+ atteste$ b+ the



&ersns ha#in, cst$+ % the ri,inals. These certi%icates r certi%ie$ c&ies % the $c-ents re8ire$ b+ this

article nee$ nt t be s!rn t an$ shall be e3e-&t %r- the $c-entar+ sta-& ta3. The si,natre an$

%%icial title % the &ersn issin, the certi%icate shall be s%%icient &r% % its athenticit+.

I% either % the cntractin, &arties is nable t &r$ce his ba&tis-al r birth certi%icate r a certi%ie$ c&+ %

either becase % the $estrctin r lss % the ri,inal r i% it is sh!n b+ an a%%i$a#it % sch &art+ r % an+

ther &ersn that sch ba&tis-al r birth certi%icate has nt +et been recei#e$ th,h the sa-e has been

re8este$ % the &ersn ha#in, cst$+ there% at least 1* $a+s &rir t the $ate % the a&&licatin sch &art+

-a+ %rnish in lie there% his resi$ence certi%icate %r the crrent +ear r an+ &re#is +ears t sh! the a,estate$ in his a&&licatin r in the absence there% an instr-ent $ra!n & an$ s!rn t be%re the lcal ci#il

re,istrar cncerne$ r an+ &blic %%icial athri0e$ t sle-ni0e -arria,e. Sch instr-ent shall cntain the

s!rn $eclaratin % ) !itnesses % la!%l a,e % either se3 settin, %rth the %ll na-e &r%essin an$resi$ence % sch cntractin, &art+ an$ % his r her &arents i% kn!n an$ the &lace an$ $ate % birth % sch

&art+. The nearest % kin % the cntractin, &arties shall be &re%erre$ as !itnesses an$ in their $e%alt&ersns !ell kn!n in the &r#ince r the lcalit+ %r their hnest+ an$ ,$ re&te.

The e3hibitin % ba&tis-al r birth certi%icates shall nt be re8ire$ i% the &arents % the cntractin, &artiesa&&ear &ersnall+ be%re the lcal ci#il re,istrar cncerne$ an$ s!ear t the crrectness % the la!%l a,e %

sai$ &arties as state$ in the a&&licatin r !hen the lcal ci#il re,istrar shall b+ -erel+ lkin, at thea&&licants &n their &ersnall+ a&&earin, be%re hi- be cn#ince$ that either r bth % the- ha#e the

re8ire$ a,e. ';a(

Art. 51. In case either % the cntractin, &arties is a !i$!e$ r $i#rce$ &ersn the sa-e shall be re8ire$ t

%rnish instea$ % the ba&tis-al r birth certi%icate re8ire$ in the last &rece$in, article the $eath certi%icate

% the $ecease$ s&se r the $ecree % the $i#rce crt as the case -a+ be. In case the $eath certi%icatecannt be %n$ the &art+ shall -ake an a%%i$a#it settin, %rth this circ-stance an$ his r her actal ci#ilstats an$ the na-e an$ the $ate % the $eath % the $ecease$ s&se.

In case either r bth % the cntractin, &arties bein, neither !i$!e$ nr $i#rce$ are less than )> +ears %a,e as re,ar$s the -ale an$ less than 1; +ears as re,ar$s the %e-ale the+ shall in a$$itin t the

re8ire-ents % the &rece$in, articles e3hibit t the lcal ci#il re,istrar the cnsent t their -arria,e % their%ather -ther r ,ar$ian r &ersns ha#in, le,al char,e % the- in the r$er -entine$. Sch cnsent shall

be in !ritin, n$er ath taken !ith the a&&earance % the intereste$ &arties be%re the &r&er lcal ci#il

re,istrar r in the %r- % an a%%i$a#it -a$e in the &resence % ) !itnesses an$ atteste$ be%re an+ %%icial

athri0e$ b+ la! t a$-inister aths. '=a(

Art. 5). Bales ab#e t!ent+ bt n$er )* +ears % a,e r %e-ales ab#e 1; bt n$er )2 +ears % a,e shall

be bli,e$ t ask their &arents r ,ar$ian %r a$#ice &n the inten$e$ -arria,e. I% the+ $ nt btain scha$#ice r i% it be n%a#rable the -arria,e shall nt take &lace till a%ter 2 -nths %ll!in, the c-&letin %

the &blicatin % the a&&licatin %r -arria,e license. A s!rn state-ent b+ the cntractin, &arties t the

e%%ect that sch a$#ice has been s,ht t,ether !ith the !ritten a$#ice ,i#en i% an+ shall acc-&an+ thea&&licatin %r -arria,e license. Shl$ the &arents r ,ar$ian re%se t ,i#e an+ a$#ice this %act shall be

state$ in the s!rn $eclaratin. 'n(

Art. 52. The lcal ci#il re,istrar shall &st $rin, 1> cnsecti#e $a+s at the -ain $r % the bil$in, !here he

has his %%ice a ntice the lcatin % !hich shall nt be chan,e$ nce it has been &lace$ settin, %rth the %ll

na-es an$ $-iciles % the a&&licants %r a -arria,e license an$ ther in%r-atin ,i#en in the a&&licatin.

This ntice shall re8est all &ersns ha#in, kn!le$,e % an+ i-&e$i-ent t the -arria,e t a$#ise the lcal

re,istrar there%. The license shall be isse$ a%ter the c-&letin % the &blicatin nless the lcal ci#il

re,istrar recei#es in%r-atin &n an+ alle,e$ i-&e$i-ent t the -arria,e. '1>a(

Art. 54. U&n bein, a$#ise$ % an+ alle,e$ i-&e$i-ent t the -arria,e the lcal ci#il re,istrar shall %rth!ith

-ake an in#esti,atin e3a-inin, &ersns n$er ath. I% he is cn#icte$ that there is an i-&e$i-ent t the

-arria,e it shall be his $t+ t !ithhl$ the -arria,e license nless he is ther!ise r$ere$ b+ a c-&etent

crt. 'n(

Art. 5*. The lcal ci#il re,istrar shall $e-an$ the &re#is &a+-ent % %ees re8ire$ b+ la! r re,latins %reach license isse$. N ther s- shall be cllecte$ in the natre % a %ee r ta3 % an+ kin$ %r the issance

% a -arria,e license. Barria,e licenses shall be isse$ %ree % char,e t in$i,ent &arties !hen bth -ale an$

%e-ale $ nt each !n assesse$ real &r&ert+ in e3cess % %i#e hn$re$ &ess a %act certi%ie$ t !itht

cst b+ the &r#incial treasrer r in the absence there% b+ a state-ent $l+ s!rn t b+ the cntractin,

&arties be%re the lcal ci#il re,istrar. The license shall be #ali$ in an+ &art % the Phili&&ines? bt it shall be

,$ %r n -re than ne hn$re$ an$ t!ent+ $a+s %r- the $ate n !hich it is isse$ an$ shall be $ee-e$cancelle$ at the e3&iratin % sai$ &eri$ i% the intereste$ &arties ha#e nt -a$e se % it. '11a(

Art. 55. :hen either r bth % the cntractin, &arties are citi0ens r sb6ects % a %rei,n cntr+ it shall be

necessar+ be%re a -arria,e license can be btaine$ t &r#i$e the-sel#es !ith a certi%icate % le,al ca&acit+

t cntract -arria,e t be isse$ b+ their res&ecti#e $i&l-atic r cnslar %%icials. '12a(

Art. 57. The -arria,e certi%icate in !hich the cntractin, &arties shall state that the+ take each ther as

hsban$ an$ !i%e shall als cntain

'1( The %ll na-es an$ $-iciles % the cntractin, &arties?

')( The a,e % each?



'2( A state-ent that the &r&er -arria,e license has been isse$ accr$in, t la! an$ that the cntractin,

&arties ha#e the cnsent % their &arents in case the -ale is n$er t!ent+ r the %e-ale n$er 1; +ears % a,e?

an$

'4( A state-ent that the ,ar$ian r &arent has been in%r-e$ % the -arria,e i% the -ale is bet!een the

a,es % )> an$ )* +ears an$ the %e-ale bet!een 1; an$ )2 +ears % a,e. '1*a(

Art. 5;. It shall be the $t+ % the &ersn sle-ni0in, the -arria,e t %rnish t either % the cntractin,

&arties ne % the 2 c&ies % the -arria,e cntract re%erre$ t in Article ** an$ t sen$ anther c&+ % the$c-ent nt later than 1* $a+s a%ter the -arria,e tk &lace t the lcal ci#il re,istrar cncerne$ !hse

$t+ it shall be t isse the &r&er recei&t t an+ &ersn sen$in, a -arria,e cntract sle-ni0e$ b+ hi-

incl$in, -arria,es % an e3ce&tinal character. The %%icial &riest r -inister sle-ni0in, the -arria,e shall

retain the 2r$ c&+ % the -arria,e cntract the -arria,e license an$ the a%%i$a#it % the intereste$ &art+

re,ar$in, the sle-ni0atin % the -arria,e in a &lace ther than thse -entine$ in Article *7 i% there be an+

sch a%%i$a#it in the %iles that he -st kee&. '15a(

Art. 5=. It shall be the $t+ % the lcal ci#il re,istrar t &re&are the $c-ents re8ire$ b+ this Title an$ t

a$-inister aths t all intereste$ &arties !itht an+ char,e in bth cases.

The $c-ents an$ a%%i$a#its %ile$ in cnnectin !ith a&&licatins %r -arria,e licenses shall be e3e-&t %r-

the $c-entar+ sta-& ta3. '17a(

Art. 7>. The lcal ci#il re,istrar cncerne$ shall enter all a&&licatins %r -arria,e licenses %ile$ !ith hi- in a

re,ister bk strictl+ in the r$er in !hich the sa-e shall be recei#e$. He shall enter in sai$ re,ister the na-es% the a&&licants the $ate n !hich the -arria,e license !as isse$ an$ sch ther $ata as -a+ be

necessar+. '1;a(

Art. 71. All -arria,es &er%r-e$ tsi$e the Phili&&ines in accr$ance !ith the la!s in %rce in the cntr+

!here the+ !ere &er%r-e$ an$ #ali$ there as sch shall als be #ali$ in this cntr+ e3ce&t bi,a-s

&l+,a-s r incests -arria,es as $eter-ine$ b+ Phili&&ine la!. '1=a(

CHAPTER 2. MARRIAGES OF EXCEPTIONAL CHARACTER

Art. 7). In case either % the cntractin, &arties is n the &int % $eath r the %e-ale has her habital

resi$ence at a &lace -re than 1* kil-eters $istant %r- the -nici&al bil$in, an$ there is n

c--nicatin b+ railra$ r b+ &r#incial r lcal hi,h!a+s bet!een the %r-er an$ the latter the -arria,e

-a+ be sle-ni0e$ !itht necessit+ % a -arria,e license? bt in sch cases the %%icial &riest r -inister

sle-ni0in, it shall state in an a%%i$a#it -a$e be%re the lcal ci#il re,istrar r an+ &ersn athri0e$ b+ la! t

a$-inister aths that the -arria,e !as &er%r-e$ in articl -rtis r at a &lace -re than 1* kil-eters$istant %r- the -nici&al bil$in, cncerne$ in !hich latter case he shall ,i#e the na-e % the barri !here

the -arria,e !as sle-ni0e$. The &ersn !h sle-ni0e$ the -arria,e shall als state in either case that hetk the necessar+ ste&s t ascertain the a,es an$ relatinshi& % the cntractin, &arties an$ that there !as in

his &inin n le,al i-&e$i-ent t the -arria,e at the ti-e that it !as sle-ni0e$. ')>(

Art. 72. The ri,inal % the a%%i$a#it re8ire$ in the last &rece$in, article t,ether !ith a c&+ % the -arria,e

cntract shall be sent b+ the &ersn sle-ni0in, the -arria,e t the lcal ci#il re,istrar % the -nici&alit+!here it !as &er%r-e$ !ithin the &eri$ % 2> $a+s a%ter the &er%r-ance % the -arria,e. The lcal ci#il

re,istrar shall h!e#er be%re %ilin, the &a&ers re8ire the &a+-ent int the -nici&al treasr+ % the le,al

%ees re8ire$ in Article 5*. ')1(

Art. 74. A -arria,e in articl -rtis -a+ als be sle-ni0e$ b+ the ca&tain % a shi& r chie% % an air&lane$rin, a #+a,e r b+ the c--an$in, %%icer % a -ilitar+ nit in the absence % a cha&lain $rin, !ar. The

$ties -entine$ in the ) &rece$in, articles shall be c-&lie$ !ith b+ the shi& ca&tain air&lane chie% rc--an$in, %%icer. 'n(

Art. 7*. Barria,es bet!een Fili&in citi0ens abra$ -a+ be sle-ni0e$ b+ cnsls an$ #ice9cnsls % theRe&blic % the Phili&&ines. The $ties % the lcal ci#il re,istrar an$ % a 6$,e r 6stice % the &eace r -a+r

!ith re,ar$ t the celebratin % -arria,e shall be &er%r-e$ b+ sch cnsls an$ #ice9cnsls. 'n(

Art. 75. N -arria,e license shall be necessar+ !hen a -an an$ a !-an !h ha#e attaine$ the a,e %

-a6rit+ an$ !h bein, n-arrie$ ha#e li#e$ t,ether as hsban$ an$ !i%e %r at least %i#e +ears $esire t-arr+ each ther. The cntractin, &arties shall state the %re,in, %acts in an a%%i$a#it be%re an+ &ersn

athri0e$ b+ la! t a$-inister aths. The %%icial &riest r -inister !h sle-ni0e$ the -arria,e shall alsstate in an a%%i$a#it that he tk ste&s t ascertain the a,es an$ ther 8ali%icatins % the cntractin, &arties

an$ that he %n$ n le,al i-&e$i-ent t the -arria,e. 'n(

Art. 77. In case ) &ersns -arrie$ in accr$ance !ith la! $esire t rati%+ their nin in cn%r-it+ !ith the

re,latins rites r &ractices % an+ chrch sect r reli,in it shall n ln,er be necessar+ t c-&l+ !ith there8ire-ents % Cha&ter 1 % this Title an$ an+ rati%icatin -a$e shall -erel+ be cnsi$ere$ as a &rel+

reli,is cere-n+. ')2(

Art. 7;. Barria,es bet!een Bha--e$ans r &a,ans !h li#e in the nn9Christian &r#inces -a+ be

&er%r-e$ in accr$ance !ith their cst-s rites r &ractices. N -arria,e license r %r-al re8isites shall

be necessar+. Nr shall the &ersns sle-ni0in, these -arria,es be bli,e$ t c-&l+ !ith Article =).



H!e#er )> +ears a%ter a&&r#al % this C$e all -arria,es &er%r-e$ bet!een Bha--e$ans r &a,ans

shall be sle-ni0e$ in accr$ance !ith the &r#isins % this C$e. t the Presi$ent % the Phili&&ines &n

rec--en$atin % the Secretar+ % the Interir -a+ at an+ ti-e be%re the e3&iratin % sai$ &eri$ b+

&rcla-atin -ake an+ % sai$ &r#isins a&&licable t the Bha--e$an an$ nn9Christian inhabitants % an+

% the nn9Christian &r#inces. ')*a(

Art. 7=. Bi3e$ -arria,es bet!een a Christian -ale an$ a Bha--e$an r &a,an %e-ale shall be ,#erne$ b+

the ,eneral &r#isin % this Title an$ nt b+ thse % the last &rece$in, article bt -i3e$ -arria,es bet!een a

Bha--e$an r &a,an -ale an$ a Christian %e-ale -a+ be &er%r-e$ n$er the &r#isins % the last&rece$in, article i% s $esire$ b+ the cntractin, &arties sb6ect h!e#er in the latter case t the &r#isins

% the )n$ &ara,ra&h % sai$ article. ')5(

CHAPTER 3. VOID AND VOIDABLE MARRIAGES

Art. ;>. The %ll!in, -arria,es shall be #i$ %r- the be,innin,

'1( Thse cntracte$ n$er the a,es % 15 an$ 14 +ears b+ the -ale an$ %e-ale res&ecti#el+ e#en !ith thecnsent % the &arents?

')( Thse sle-ni0e$ b+ an+ &ersn nt le,all+ athri0e$ t &er%r- -arria,es?

'2( Thse sle-ni0e$ !itht a -arria,e license sa#e -arria,es % e3ce&tinal character?

'4( i,a-s r &l+,a-s -arria,es nt %allin, n$er Article ;2 N-ber )?

'*( Incests -arria,es -entine$ in Article ;1?

'5( Thse !here ne r bth cntractin, &arties ha#e been %n$ ,ilt+ % the killin, % the s&se % either %

the-?'7( Thse bet!een ste&brthers an$ ste&sisters an$ ther -arria,es s&eci%ie$ in Article ;). 'n(

Art. ;1. Barria,es bet!een the %ll!in, are incests an$ #i$ %r- their &er%r-ance !hether the

relatinshi& bet!een the &arties be le,iti-ate r ille,iti-ate

'1( et!een ascen$ants an$ $escen$ants % an+ $e,ree?

')( et!een brthers an$ sisters !hether % the %ll r hal% bl$?'2( et!een cllateral relati#es b+ bl$ !ithin the 4th ci#il $e,ree. ');a(

Art. ;). The %ll!in, -arria,es shall als be #i$ %r- the be,innin,

'1( et!een ste&%athers an$ ste&$a,hters an$ ste&-thers an$ ste&sns?

')( et!een the a$&tin, %ather r -ther an$ the a$&te$ bet!een the latter an$ the sr#i#in, s&se %

the %r-er an$ bet!een the %r-er an$ the sr#i#in, s&se % the latter?

'2( et!een the le,iti-ate chil$ren % the a$&ter an$ the a$&te$. ');a(

Art. ;2. An+ -arria,e sbse8entl+ cntracte$ b+ an+ &ersn $rin, the li%eti-e % the %irst s&se % sch&ersn !ith an+ &ersn ther than sch %irst s&se shall be ille,al an$ #i$ %r- its &er%r-ance nless

'1( The %irst -arria,e !as annlle$ r $issl#e$? r

')( The %irst s&se ha$ been absent %r 7 cnsecti#e +ears at the ti-e % the secn$ -arria,e !itht thes&se &resent ha#in, ne!s % the absentee bein, ali#e r i% the absentee th,h he has been absent %r less

than 7 +ears is ,enerall+ cnsi$ere$ as $ea$ an$ belie#e$ t be s b+ the s&se &resent at the ti-e %cntractin, sch sbse8ent -arria,e r i% the absentee is &res-e$ $ea$ accr$in, t Articles 2=> an$ 2=1.

The -arria,e s cntracte$ shall be #ali$ in an+ % the 2 cases ntil $eclare$ nll an$ #i$ b+ a c-&etent

crt. ')=a(

Art. ;4. N -arria,e license shall be isse$ t a !i$! till a%ter 2>> $a+s %ll!in, the $eath % her hsban$nless in the -eanti-e she has ,i#en birth t a chil$. 'n(

Art. ;*. A -arria,e -a+ be annlle$ %r an+ % the %ll!in, cases e3istin, at the ti-e % the -arria,e

'1( That the &art+ in !hse behal% it is s,ht t ha#e the -arria,e annlle$ !as bet!een the a,es % 15 an$

)> +ears i% -ale r bet!een the a,es % 14 an$ 1; +ears i% %e-ale an$ the -arria,e !as sle-ni0e$ !ithtthe cnsent % the &arent ,ar$ian r &ersn ha#in, athrit+ #er the &art+ nless a%ter attainin, the a,es

% t!ent+ r 1; +ears as the case -a+ be sch &art+ %reel+ chabite$ !ith the ther an$ bth li#e$ t,ether

as hsban$ an$ !i%e?

')( In a sbse8ent -arria,e n$er Article ;2 N-ber ) that the %r-er hsban$ r !i%e belie#e$ t be $ea$!as in %act li#in, an$ the -arria,e !ith sch %r-er hsban$ r !i%e !as then in %rce?

'2( That either &art+ !as % nsn$ -in$ nless sch &art+ a%ter c-in, t reasn %reel+ chabite$ !iththe ther as hsban$ r !i%e?

'4( That the cnsent % either &art+ !as btaine$ b+ %ra$ nless sch &art+ a%ter!ar$s !ith %ll kn!le$,e% the %acts cnstittin, the %ra$ %reel+ chabite$ !ith the ther as her hsban$ r his !i%e as the case -a+

be?

'*( That the cnsent % either &art+ !as btaine$ b+ %rce r inti-i$atin nless the #ilence r threat ha#in,

$isa&&eare$ sch &art+ a%ter!ar$s %reel+ chabite$ !ith the ther as her hsban$ r his !i%e as the case -a+

be?

'5( That either &art+ !as at the ti-e % -arria,e &h+sicall+ inca&able % enterin, int the -arrie$ state an$

sch inca&acit+ cntines an$ a&&ears t be incrable. '2>a(



Art. ;5. An+ % the %ll!in, circ-stances shall cnstitte %ra$ re%erre$ t in N-ber 4 % the &rece$in,

article

'1( Bisre&resentatin as t the i$entit+ % ne % the cntractin, &arties?')( Nn9$isclsre % the &re#is cn#ictin % the ther &art+ % a cri-e in#l#in, -ral tr&it$e an$ the

&enalt+ i-&se$ !as i-&risn-ent %r ) +ears r -re?

'2( Cnceal-ent b+ the !i%e % the %act that at the ti-e % the -arria,e she !as &re,nant b+ a -an ther

than her hsban$.

N ther -isre&resentatin r $eceit as t character rank %rtne r chastit+ shall cnstitte sch %ra$ as

!ill ,i#e ,rn$s %r actin %r the annl-ent % -arria,e. 'n(

Art. ;7. The actin %r annl-ent % -arria,e -st be c--ence$ b+ the &arties an$ !ithin the &eri$s as

%ll!s

'1( Fr cases -entine$ in N-ber 1 % Article ;* b+ the &art+ !hse &arent r ,ar$ian $i$ nt ,i#e his r

her cnsent !ithin %r +ears a%ter attainin, the a,e % t!ent+ r 1; +ears as the case -a+ be? r b+ the

&arent r ,ar$ian r &ersn ha#in, le,al char,e at an+ ti-e be%re sch &art+ has arri#e$ at the a,e %

t!ent+ r 1; +ears?')( Fr cases -entine$ in N-ber ) % Article ;* b+ the s&se !h has been absent $rin, his r her

li%eti-e? r b+ either s&se % the sbse8ent -arria,e $rin, the li%eti-e % the ther?'2( Fr cases -entine$ in N-ber 2 % Article ;* b+ the sane s&se !h ha$ n kn!le$,e % the ther@s

insanit+? r b+ an+ relati#e r ,ar$ian % the &art+ % nsn$ -in$ at an+ ti-e be%re the $eath % either

&art+?

'4( Fr cases -entine$ in N-ber 4 b+ the in6re$ &art+ !ithin %r +ears a%ter the $isc#er+ % the %ra$?'*( Fr cases -entine$ in N-ber * b+ the in6re$ &art+ !ithin %r +ears %r- the ti-e the %rce r

inti-i$atin cease$?

'5( Fr cases -entine$ in N-ber 5 b+ the in6re$ &art+ !ithin ; +ears a%ter the -arria,e. '21a(

Art. ;;. N 6$,-ent annllin, a -arria,e shall be &r-l,ate$ &n a sti&latin % %acts r b+ cn%essin %

6$,-ent.

Art. ;=. Chil$ren cncei#e$ r brn % -arria,es !hich are #i$ %r- the be,innin, shall ha#e the sa-e statsri,hts an$ bli,atins as ackn!le$,e$ natral chil$ren an$ are calle$ natral chil$ren b+ le,al %ictin.

Chil$ren cncei#e$ % #i$able -arria,es be%re the $ecree % annl-ent shall be cnsi$ere$ as le,iti-ate?an$ chil$ren cncei#e$ therea%ter shall ha#e the sa-e stats ri,hts an$ bli,atins as ackn!le$,e$ natral

chil$ren an$ are als calle$ natral chil$ren b+ le,al %ictin. 'n(

Art. =>. :hen a -arria,e is annlle$ the crt shall a!ar$ the cst$+ % the chil$ren as it -a+ $ee- best

an$ -ake &r#isin %r their e$catin an$ s&&rt. Attrne+@s %ees an$ e3&enses incrre$ in the liti,atin

shall be char,e$ t the cn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+ nless the actin %ails. '22a(

Art. =1. Da-a,es -a+ be a!ar$e$ in the %ll!in, cases !hen the -arria,e is 6$iciall+ annlle$ r $eclare$

#i$ %r- the be,innin,

'1( I% there has been %ra$ %rce r inti-i$atin in btainin, the cnsent % ne % the cntractin, &arties?')( I% either &art+ !as at the ti-e % the -arria,e &h+sicall+ inca&able % enterin, int the -arrie$ state an$

the ther &art+ !as na!are there%?

'2( I% the &ersn sle-ni0in, the -arria,e !as nt le,all+ athri0e$ t &er%r- -arria,es an$ that %act !as

kn!n t ne % the cntractin, &arties bt he r she cnceale$ it %r- the ther?

'4( I% a bi,a-s r &l+,a-s -arria,e !as celebrate$ an$ the i-&e$i-ent !as cnceale$ %r- the

&lainti%% b+ the &art+ $is8ali%ie$?

'*( I% in an incests -arria,e r a -arria,e bet!een a ste&brther an$ a ste&sister r ther -arria,e

&rhibite$ b+ article ;) the relatinshi& !as kn!n t nl+ ne % the cntractin, &arties bt !as nt$isclse$ t the ther?

'5( I% ne &art+ !as insane an$ the ther !as a!are there% at the ti-e % the -arria,e. 'n(

CHAPTER . AUTHORIT! TO SOLEMNI"E MARRIAGES

Art. =). E#er+ &riest r -inister r rabbi athri0e$ b+ his $en-inatin chrch sect r reli,in tsle-ni0e -arria,e shall sen$ t the &r&er ,#ern-ent %%ice a s!rn state-ent settin, %rth his %ll na-e

an$ $-icile an$ that he is athri0e$ b+ his $en-inatin chrch sect r reli,in t sle-ni0e -arria,eattachin, t sai$ state-ent a certi%ie$ c&+ % his a&&int-ent. The $irectr % the &r&er ,#ern-ent %%ice

&n recei#in, sch s!rn state-ent cntainin, the in%r-atin re8ire$ an$ bein, satis%ie$ that the$en-inatin chrch sect r re,in % the a&&licant &erates in the Phili&&ines shall recr$ the na-e %

sch &riest r -inister in a sitable re,ister an$ isse t hi- an athri0atin t sle-ni0e -arria,e. Sai$

&riest r -inister r rabbi shall be bli,e$ t e3hibit his athri0atin t the cntractin, &arties t their

&arents ,ran$&arents ,ar$ians r &ersns in char,e $e-an$in, the sa-e. N &riest r -inister nt ha#in,

the re8ire$ athri0atin -a+ sle-ni0e -arria,e. '24a(

Art. =2. Free$- % reli,in shall be bser#e$ b+ &blic %%icials in the issance % athri0atin t sle-ni0e

-arria,es. Cnse8entl+ n &blic %%icial shall atte-&t t in8ire int the trth r #ali$it+ % an+ reli,is

$ctrine hel$ b+ the a&&licant r b+ his chrch. 'n(



Art. =4. The &blic %%icial in char,e % re,istratin % &riests an$ -inisters shall cancel the athri0atin isse$

t a bish& hea$ &riest rabbi &astr r -inister % the ,s&el % an+ $en-inatin chrch sect r reli,in

n his !n initiati#e r at the re8est % an+ intereste$ &art+ &n sh!in, that the chrch sect r reli,in

!hse -inisters ha#e been athri0e$ t sle-ni0e -arria,e is n ln,er in &eratin. The cancellatin % the

athri0atin ,rante$ t a &riest &astr r -inister shall like!ise be r$ere$ &n the re8est % the bish&hea$ r la!%l athrities % the $en-inatin chrch sect r reli,in t !hich he beln,s. '2*a(

Art. =*. The &blic %%icial in char,e % re,istratin % &riests an$ -inisters !ith the a&&r#al % the &r&er

hea$ % De&art-ent is hereb+ athri0e$ t &re&are the necessar+ %r-s an$ t &r-l,ate re,latins %rthe &r&se % en%rcin, the &r#isins % this Title. Sai$ %%icial -a+ als b+ re,latins %i3 an$ cllect %ees %r

the athri0atin % &riests an$ -inisters t sle-ni0e -arria,es. '25a(

Art. =5. The e3istin, la!s !hich &nish acts r -issins cncernin, the -arria,e license sle-ni0atin %

-arria,e athrit+ t sle-ni0e -arria,es an$ ther acts r -issins relati#e t the celebratin % -arria,e

shall re-ain an$ cntine t be in %rce. 'n(



Title IV. - LE#AL SEPARATION

Art. =7. A &etitin %r le,al se&aratin -a+ be %ile$

'1( Fr a$lter+ n the &art % the !i%e an$ %r cncbina,e n the &art % the hsban$ as $e%ine$ in the PenalC$e? r

')( An atte-&t b+ ne s&se a,ainst the li%e % the ther. 'n(

Art. =;. In e#er+ case the crt -st take ste&s be%re ,rantin, the le,al se&aratin t!ar$ the recnciliatin

% the s&ses an$ -st be %ll+ satis%ie$ that sch recnciliatin is hi,hl+ i-&rbable. 'n(

Art. ==. N &ersn shall be entitle$ t a le,al se&aratin !h has nt resi$e$ in the Phili&&ines %r 1 +ear &rir

t the %ilin, % the &etitin nless the case %r the le,al se&aratin has taken &lace !ithin the territr+ % this

Re&blic. 'Sec. )a Act N. )71>(

Art. 1>>. The le,al se&aratin -a+ be clai-e$ nl+ b+ the inncent s&se &r#i$e$ there has been n

cn$natin % r cnsent t the a$lter+ r cncbina,e. :here bth s&ses are %%en$ers a le,al

se&aratin cannt be clai-e$ b+ either % the-. Cllsin bet!een the &arties t btain le,al se&aratin shall

case the $is-issal % the &etitin. '2a Act N. )71>(

Art. 1>1. N $ecree % le,al se&aratin shall be &r-l,ate$ &n a sti&latin % %acts r b+ cn%essin %

6$,-ent.

In case % nn9a&&earance % the $e%en$ant the crt shall r$er the &rsectin, attrne+ t in8ire !hether

r nt a cllsin bet!een the &arties e3ists. I% there is n cllsin the &rsectin, attrne+ shall inter#ene%r the State in r$er t take care that the e#i$ence %r the &lainti%% is nt %abricate$. 'n(

Art. 1>). An actin %r le,al se&aratin cannt be %ile$ e3ce&t !ithin 1 +ear %r- an$ a%ter the $ate n !hich

the &lainti%% beca-e c,ni0ant % the case an$ !ithin %i#e +ears %r- an$ a%ter the $ate !hen sch caseccrre$. '4a Act )71>(

Art. 1>2. An actin %r le,al se&aratin shall in n case be trie$ be%re 5 -nths shall ha#e ela&se$ since the

%ilin, % the &etitin. '*a Act )71>(

Art. 1>4. A%ter the %ilin, % the &etitin %r le,al se&aratin the s&ses shall be entitle$ t li#e se&aratel+ %r-

each ther an$ -ana,e their res&ecti#e &r&ert+.

The hsban$ shall cntine t -ana,e the cn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+ bt i% the crt $ee-s it &r&er it-a+ a&&int anther t -ana,e sai$ &r&ert+ in !hich case the a$-inistratr shall ha#e the sa-e ri,hts an$

$ties as a ,ar$ian an$ shall nt be all!e$ t $is&se % the inc-e r % the ca&ital e3ce&t in accr$ance!ith the r$ers % the crt. '5 Act )71>(

Art. 1>*. Drin, the &en$enc+ % le,al se&aratin &rcee$in,s the crt shall -ake &r#isin %r the care %the -inr chil$ren in accr$ance !ith the circ-stances an$ -a+ r$er the cn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+ r

the inc-e there%r- t be set asi$e %r their s&&rt? an$ in $e%alt there% sai$ -inr chil$ren shall be care$%r in cn%r-it+ !ith the &r#isins % this C$e? bt the Crt shall abstain %r- -akin, an+ r$er in this

res&ect in case the &arents ha#e b+ -tal a,ree-ent -a$e &r#isin %r the care % sai$ -inr chil$ren an$

these are in the 6$,-ent % the crt !ell care$ %r. '7a Act )71>(

Art. 1>5. The $ecree % le,al se&aratin shall ha#e the %ll!in, e%%ects

'1( The s&ses shall be entitle$ t li#e se&aratel+ %r- each ther bt -arria,e bn$s shall nt be se#ere$?

')( The cn6,al &artnershi& % ,ains r the abslte cn6,al c--nit+ % &r&ert+ shall be $issl#e$ an$

li8i$ate$ bt the %%en$in, s&se shall ha#e n ri,ht t an+ share % the &r%its earne$ b+ the &artnershi& r

c--nit+ !itht &re6$ice t the &r#isins % Article 175?'2( The cst$+ % the -inr chil$ren shall be a!ar$e$ t the inncent s&se nless ther!ise $irecte$ b+

the crt in the interest % sai$ -inrs %r !h- sai$ crt -a+ a&&int a ,ar$ian?

'4( The %%en$in, s&se shall be $is8ali%ie$ %r- inheritin, %r- the inncent s&se b+ intestate sccessin.Bre#er &r#isins in %a#r % the %%en$in, s&se -a$e in the !ill % the inncent ne shall be re#ke$ b+

&eratin % la!. 'n(

Art. 1>7. The inncent s&se a%ter a $ecree % le,al se&aratin has been ,rante$ -a+ re#ke the $natinsb+ reasn % -arria,e -a$e b+ hi- r b+ her t the %%en$in, s&se. Alienatin an$ -rt,a,es -a$e be%re

the ntatin % the c-&laint %r re#catin in the Re,istr+ % Pr&ert+ shall be #ali$.

This actin la&ses a%ter %r +ears %ll!in, the $ate the $ecree beca-e %inal. 'n(

Art. 1>;. Recnciliatin st&s the &rcee$in,s %r le,al se&aratin an$ rescin$s the $ecree % le,al se&aratin

alrea$+ ren$ere$.

The re#i#al % the cn6,al &artnershi& % ,ains r % the abslte cn6,al c--nit+ % &r&ert+ shall be,#erne$ b+ Article 1=*. '1>a. Act )71>(



Title V. - RI#!TS AN" OBLI#ATIONS BET$EEN !%SBAN" AN" $I&E

Art. 1>=. The hsban$ an$ !i%e are bli,e$ t li#e t,ether bser#e -tal res&ect an$ %i$elit+ an$ ren$er

-tal hel& an$ s&&rt. '*5a(

Art. 11>. The hsban$ shall %i3 the resi$ence % the %a-il+. t the crt -a+ e3e-&t the !i%e %r- li#in, !ith

the hsban$ i% he shl$ li#e abra$ nless in the ser#ice % the Re&blic. '*;a(

Art. 111. The hsban$ is res&nsible %r the s&&rt % the !i%e an$ the rest % the %a-il+. These e3&enses

shall be -et %irst %r- the cn6,al &r&ert+ then %r- the hsban$@s ca&ital an$ lastl+ %r- the !i%e@s&ara&hernal &r&ert+. In case there is a se&aratin % &r&ert+ b+ sti&latin in the -arria,e settle-ents the

hsban$ an$ !i%e shall cntribte &r&rtinatel+ t the %a-il+ e3&enses. 'n(

Art. 11). The hsban$ is the a$-inistratr % the cn6,al &r&ert+ nless there is a sti&latin in the

-arria,e settle-ents cn%errin, the a$-inistratin &n the !i%e. She -a+ als a$-inister the cn6,al&artnershi& in ther cases s&eci%ie$ in this C$e. 'n(

Art. 112. The hsban$ -st be 6ine$ in all sits b+ r a,ainst the !i%e e3ce&t

'1( :hen the+ are 6$iciall+ se&arate$?

')( I% the+ ha#e in %act been se&arate$ %r at least 1 +ear?

'2( :hen there is a se&aratin % &r&ert+ a,ree$ &n in the -arria,e settle-ents?

'4( I% the a$-inistratin % all the &r&ert+ in the -arria,e has been trans%erre$ t her in accr$ance !ith

Articles 1=5 an$ 1=7?'*( :hen the liti,atin is bet!een the hsban$ an$ !i%e?

'5( I% the sit cncerns her &ara&hernal &r&ert+?

'7( :hen the actin is &n the ci#il liabilit+ arisin, %r- a cri-inal %%ense?';( I% the liti,atin is inci$ental t the &r%essin cc&atin r bsiness in !hich she is en,a,e$?

'=( In an+ ci#il actin re%erre$ t in Articles )* t 2*? an$'1>( In an actin &n a 8asi9$elict.

In the cases -entine$ in Ns. 7 t 1> the hsban$ -st be 6ine$ as a &art+ $e%en$ant i% the thir$

&ara,ra&h % Article 152 is a&&licable. 'n(

Art. 114. The !i%e cannt !itht the hsban$@s cnsent ac8ire an+ &r&ert+ b+ ,ratits title e3ce&t %r-

her ascen$ants $escen$ants &arents9in9la! an$ cllateral relati#es !ithin the 4th $e,ree. 'n(

Art. 11*. The !i%e -ana,es the a%%airs % the hsehl$. She -a+ &rchase thin,s necessar+ %r the s&&rt % the %a-il+ an$ the cn6,al &artnershi& shall be bn$ thereb+. She -a+ brr! -ne+ %r this &r&se i%

the hsban$ %ails t $eli#er the &r&er s-. The &rchase % 6e!elr+ an$ &recis b6ects is #i$able nless

the transactin has been e3&ressl+ r tacitl+ a&&r#e$ b+ the hsban$ r nless the &rice &ai$ is %r- her&ara&hernal &r&ert+. '5)a(

Art. 115. :hen ne % the s&ses ne,lects his r her $ties t the cn6,al nin r brin,s $an,er $ishnr

r -aterial in6r+ &n the ther the in6re$ &art+ -a+ a&&l+ t the crt %r relie%.

The crt -a+ cnsel the %%en$er t c-&l+ !ith his r her $ties an$ take sch -easres as -a+ be

&r&er. 'n(

Art. 117. The !i%e -a+ e3ercise an+ &r%essin r cc&atin r en,a,e in bsiness. H!e#er the hsban$

-a+ b6ect &r#i$e$

'1( His inc-e is s%%icient %r the %a-il+ accr$in, t its scial stan$in, an$

')( His &&sitin is %n$e$ n seris an$ #ali$ ,rn$s.

In case % $isa,ree-ent n this 8estin the &arents an$ ,ran$&arents as !ell as the %a-il+ cncil i% an+

shall be cnslte$. I% n a,ree-ent is still arri#e$ at the crt !ill $eci$e !hate#er -a+ be &r&er an$ in the

best interest % the %a-il+. 'n(



Title VI. - PROPERTY RELATIONS BET$EEN !%SBAN" AN" $I&E


Art. 11;. The &r&ert+ relatins bet!een hsban$ an$ !i%e shall be ,#erne$ in the %ll!in, r$er

'1( + cntract e3ecte$ be%re the -arria,e?')( + the &r#isins % this C$e? an$

'2( + cst-. '121*a(

Art. 11=. The %tre s&ses -a+ in the -arria,e settle-ents a,ree &n abslte r relati#e c--nit+ %&r&ert+ r &n c-&lete se&aratin % &r&ert+ r &n an+ ther re,i-e. In the absence % -arria,e

settle-ents r !hen the sa-e are #i$ the s+ste- % relati#e c--nit+ r cn6,al &artnershi& % ,ains as

establishe$ in this C$e shall ,#ern the &r&ert+ relatins bet!een hsban$ an$ !i%e. 'n(

Art. 1)>. A -inr !h accr$in, t la! -a+ cntract -arria,e -a+ als e3ecte his r her -arria,esettle-ents? bt the+ shall be #ali$ nl+ i% the &ersns $esi,nate$ b+ la! t ,i#e cnsent t the -arria,e %

the -inr take &art in the ante9n&tial a,ree-ent. In the absence % the &arents r % a ,ar$ian the cnsent

t the -arria,e settle-ents !ill be ,i#en b+ the %a-il+ cncil. '121;a(

Art. 1)1. In r$er that an+ -$i%icatin in the -arria,e settle-ents -a+ be #ali$ it -st be -a$e be%re thecelebratin % the -arria,e sb6ect t the &r#isins % Article 1=1. '121=a(

Art. 1)). The -arria,e settle-ents an$ an+ -$i%icatin there% shall be ,#erne$ b+ the Statte % Fra$san$ e3ecte$ be%re the celebratin % the -arria,e. The+ shall nt &re6$ice thir$ &ersns nless the+ are

recr$e$ in the Re,istr+ % Pr&ert+. '12)1a(

Art. 1)2. Fr the #ali$it+ % -arria,e settle-ents e3ecte$ b+ an+ &ersn &n !h- a sentence % ci#il

inter$ictin has been &rnnce$ the &resence an$ &artici&atin % the ,ar$ian shall be in$is&ensable !h

%r this &r&se shall be $esi,nate$ b+ a c-&etent crt in accr$ance !ith the &r#isins % the Rles %

Crt. '12)2a(

Art. 1)4. I% the -arria,e is bet!een a citi0en % the Phili&&ines an$ a %rei,ner !hether celebrate$ in the

Phili&&ines r abra$ the %ll!in, rles shall &re#ail

'1( I% the hsban$ is a citi0en % the Phili&&ines !hile the !i%e is a %rei,ner the &r#isins % this C$e shall

,#ern their relatins?')( I% the hsban$ is a %rei,ner an$ the !i%e is a citi0en % the Phili&&ines the la!s % the hsban$@s cntr+

shall be %ll!e$ !itht &re6$ice t the &r#isins % this C$e !ith re,ar$ t i--#able &r&ert+. '12)*a(

Art. 1)*. E#er+thin, sti&late$ in the settle-ents r cntracts re%erre$ t in the &rece$in, articles in

cnsi$eratin % a %tre -arria,e shall be ren$ere$ #i$ an$ !itht e%%ect !hate#er i% the -arria,e shl$nt take &lace. H!e#er thse sti&latins that $ nt $e&en$ &n the celebratin % the -arria,e shall be

#ali$. '12)5a(

CHAPTER 2. DONATIONS B! REASON OF MARRIAGE

Art. 1)5. Dnatins b+ reasns % -arria,e are thse !hich are -a$e be%re its celebratin in cnsi$eratin % the sa-e an$ in %a#r % ne r bth % the %tre s&ses. '12)7(

Art. 1)7. These $natins are ,#erne$ b+ the rles n r$inar+ $natins establishe$ in Title III % k III

e3ce&t as t their %r- !hich shall be re,late$ b+ the Statte % Fra$s? an$ ins%ar as the+ are nt -$i%ie$

b+ the %ll!in, articles. '12);a(

Art. 1);. Binrs -a+ -ake an$ recei#e $natins in their ante9n&tial cntract &r#i$e$ the+ are athri0e$

b+ the &ersns !h are t ,i#e their cnsent t the -arria,e % sai$ -inrs. '12)=a(

Art. 1)=. E3&ress acce&tance is nt necessar+ %r the #ali$it+ % these $natins. '122>(

Art. 12>. The %tre s&ses -a+ ,i#e each ther in their -arria,e settle-ents as -ch as ne9%i%th % their&resent &r&ert+ an$ !ith res&ect t their %tre &r&ert+ nl+ in the e#ent % $eath t the e3tent lai$ $!n

b+ the &r#isins % this C$e re%errin, t testa-entar+ sccessin. '1221a(

Art. 121. The $nr b+ reasn % -arria,e shall release the &r&ert+ $nate$ %r- -rt,a,es an$ all ther

enc-brances &n the sa-e !ith the e3ce&tin % ease-ents nless in the -arria,e settle-ents r in the

cntracts the cntrar+ has been sti&late$. '122)a(

Art. 12). A $natin b+ reasn % -arria,e is nt re#cable sa#e in the %ll!in, cases

'1( I% it is cn$itinal an$ the cn$itin is nt c-&lie$ !ith?

')( I% the -arria,e is nt celebrate$?'2( :hen the -arria,e takes &lace !itht the cnsent % the &arents r ,ar$ian as re8ire$ b+ la!?

'4( :hen the -arria,e is annlle$ an$ the $nee acte$ in ba$ %aith?

'*( U&n le,al se&aratin the $nee bein, the ,ilt+ s&se?



'5( :hen the $nee has c--itte$ an act % in,ratit$e as s&eci%ie$ b+ the &r#isins % this C$e n

$natins in ,eneral. '1222a(

Art. 122. E#er+ $natin bet!een the s&ses $rin, the -arria,e shall be #i$. This &rhibitin $es nta&&l+ !hen the $natin takes e%%ect a%ter the $eath % the $nr.

Neither $es this &rhibitin a&&l+ t -$erate ,i%ts !hich the s&ses -a+ ,i#e each ther n the ccasin % an+ %a-il+ re6icin,. '1224a(

Art. 124. Dnatins $rin, the -arria,e b+ ne % the s&ses t the chil$ren !h- the ther s&se ha$ b+

anther -arria,e r t &ersns % !h- the ther s&se is a &res-&ti#e heir at the ti-e % the $natin

are #i$able at the instance % the $nr@s heirs a%ter his $eath. '122*a(

CHAPTER 3. PARAPHERNAL PROPERT!

Art. 12*. All &r&ert+ br,ht b+ the !i%e t the -arria,e as !ell as all &r&ert+ she ac8ires $rin, the

-arria,e in accr$ance !ith article 14; is &ara&hernal. '12;1a(

Art. 125. The !i%e retains the !nershi& % the &ara&hernal &r&ert+. '12;)(

Art. 127. The !i%e shall ha#e the a$-inistratin % the &ara&hernal &r&ert+ nless she $eli#ers the sa-e t

the hsban$ b+ -eans % a &blic instr-ent e-&!erin, hi- t a$-inister it.

In this case the &blic instr-ent shall be recr$e$ in the Re,istr+ % Pr&ert+. As %r the -#ables the

hsban$ shall ,i#e a$e8ate secrit+. '12;4a(

Art. 12;. The %rits % the &ara&hernal &r&ert+ %r- &art % the assets % the cn6,al &artnershi& an$ shall

be sb6ect t the &a+-ent % the e3&enses % the -arria,e.

The &r&ert+ itsel% shall als be sb6ect t the $ail+ e3&enses % the %a-il+ i% the &r&ert+ % the cn6,al

&artnershi& an$ the hsban$@s ca&ital are nt s%%icient there%r. '12;*a(

Art. 12=. The &ersnal bli,atins % the hsban$ cannt be en%rce$ a,ainst the %rits % the &ara&hernal

&r&ert+ nless it be &r#e$ that the+ re$n$e$ t the bene%it % the %a-il+. '12;5(

Art. 14>. A -arrie$ !-an % a,e -a+ -rt,a,e enc-ber alienate r ther!ise $is&se % her &ara&hernal

&r&ert+ !itht the &er-issin % the hsban$ an$ a&&ear alne in crt t liti,ate !ith re,ar$ t the sa-e.

'n(

Art. 141. The alienatin % an+ &ara&hernal &r&ert+ a$-inistere$ b+ the hsban$ ,i#es a ri,ht t the !i%e tre8ire the cnstittin % a -rt,a,e r an+ ther secrit+ %r the a-nt % the &rice !hich the hsban$

-a+ ha#e recei#e$. '12=>a(

CHAPTER . CONJUGAL PARTNERSHIP OF GAINS

SECTION '. - #ene()l P(ovisions

Art. 14). + -eans % the cn6,al &artnershi& % ,ains the hsban$ an$ !i%e &lace in a c--n %n$ the

%rits % their se&arate &r&ert+ an$ the inc-e %r- their !rk r in$str+ an$ $i#i$e e8all+ &n the

$issltin % the -arria,e r % the &artnershi& the net ,ains r bene%its btaine$ in$iscri-inatel+ b+ either

s&se $rin, the -arria,e. '12=)a(

Art. 142. All &r&ert+ % the cn6,al &artnershi& % ,ains is !ne$ in c--n b+ the hsban$ an$ !i%e. 'n(

Art. 144. :hen a -an an$ a !-an li#e t,ether as hsban$ an$ !i%e bt the+ are nt -arrie$ r their-arria,e is #i$ %r- the be,innin, the &r&ert+ ac8ire$ b+ either r bth % the- thr,h their !rk r

in$str+ r their !a,es an$ salaries shall be ,#erne$ b+ the rles n c9!nershi&. 'n(

Art. 14*. The cn6,al &artnershi& shall c--ence &recisel+ n the $ate % the celebratin % the -arria,e.

An+ sti&latin t the cntrar+ shall be #i$. '12=2(

Art. 145. :ai#er % the ,ains r % the e%%ects % this &artnershi& $rin, -arria,e cannt be -a$e e3ce&t in

case % 6$icial se&aratin.

:hen the !ai#er takes &lace b+ reasn % se&aratin r a%ter the -arria,e has been $issl#e$ r annlle$ the

sa-e shall a&&ear in a &blic instr-ent an$ the cre$itrs shall ha#e the ri,ht !hich Article 1>*) ,rants

the-. '12=4a(

Art. 147. The cn6,al &artnershi& shall be ,#erne$ b+ the rles n the cntract % &artnershi& in all that isnt in cn%lict !ith !hat is e3&ressl+ $eter-ine$ in this Cha&ter. '12=*(

SECTION *. - E+,lsive P(ope(t of E),h Spose

Art. 14;. The %ll!in, shall be the e3clsi#e &r&ert+ % each s&se

'1( That !hich is br,ht t the -arria,e as his r her !n?

')( That !hich each ac8ires $rin, the -arria,e b+ lcrati#e title?'2( That !hich is ac8ire$ b+ ri,ht % re$e-&tin r b+ e3chan,e !ith ther &r&ert+ beln,in, t nl+ ne %

the s&ses?



'4( That !hich is &rchase$ !ith e3clsi#e -ne+ % the !i%e r % the hsban$. '12=5(

Art. 14=. :he#er ,i#es r &r-ises ca&ital t the hsban$ shall nt be sb6ect t !arrant+ a,ainst e#ictin

e3ce&t in case % %ra$. '1=27(

Art. 1*>. Pr&ert+ $nate$ r le%t b+ !ill t the s&ses 6intl+ an$ !ith $esi,natin % $eter-inate shares

shall &ertain t the !i%e as &ara&hernal &r&ert+ an$ t the hsban$ as ca&ital in the &r&rtin s&eci%ie$ b+the $nr r testatr an$ in the absence % $esi,natin share an$ share alike !itht &re6$ice t !hat is

&r#i$e$ in Article 7*2. '12=;a(

Art. 1*1. I% the $natins are ners the a-nt % the char,es shall be $e$cte$ %r- the &ara&hernal

&r&ert+ r %r- the hsban$@s ca&ital !hene#er the+ ha#e been brne b+ the cn6,al &artnershi&. '12==a(

Art. 1*). I% s-e cre$it &a+able in a certain n-ber % +ears r a li%e &ensin shl$ &ertain t ne % the

s&ses the &r#isins % Articles 1*5 an$ 1*7 shall be bser#e$ t $eter-ine !hat cnstittes the

&ara&hernal &r&ert+ an$ !hat %r-s the ca&ital % the hsban$. '14>>a(

SECTION /. - Con01)l P)(tne(ship P(ope(t

Art. 1*2. The %ll!in, are cn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+

'1( That !hich is ac8ire$ b+ ners title $rin, the -arria,e at the e3&ense % the c--n %n$ !hether

the ac8isitin be %r the &artnershi& r %r nl+ ne % the s&ses?

')( That !hich is btaine$ b+ the in$str+ r !rk r as salar+ % the s&ses r % either % the-?

'2( The %rits rents r interests recei#e$ r $e $rin, the -arria,e c-in, %r- the c--n &r&ert+ r

%r- the e3clsi#e &r&ert+ % each s&se. '14>1(

Art. 1*4. That share % the hi$$en treasre !hich the la! a!ar$s t the %in$er r the &r&rietr beln,s t the

cn6,al &artnershi&. 'n(

Art. 1**. Thin,s ac8ire$ b+ cc&atin sch as %ishin, an$ hntin, &ertain t the cn6,al &artnershi& %

,ains. 'n(

Art. 1*5. :hene#er an a-nt r cre$it &a+able in a certain n-ber % +ears beln,s t ne % the s&ses

the s-s !hich -a+ be cllecte$ b+ install-ents $e $rin, the -arria,e shall nt &ertain t the cn6,al&artnershi& bt shall be cnsi$ere$ ca&ital % the hsban$ r % the !i%e as the cre$it -a+ beln, t ne r

the ther s&se. '14>)(

Art. 1*7. The ri,ht t an annit+ !hether &er&etal r % li%e an$ the ri,ht % s%rct beln,in, t ne % the

s&ses shall %r- a &art % his r her se&arate &r&ert+ bt the %rits &ensins an$ interests $e $rin, the-arria,e shall beln, t the &artnershi&.

The s%rct !hich the s&ses ha#e #er the &r&ert+ % their chil$ren th,h % anther -arria,e shall beincl$e$ in this &r#isin. '14>2a(

Art. 1*;. I-&r#e-ents !hether %r tilit+ r a$rn-ent -a$e n the se&arate &r&ert+ % the s&ses

thr,h a$#ance-ents %r- the &artnershi& r thr,h the in$str+ % either the hsban$ r the !i%e beln,

t the cn6,al &artnershi&.

il$in,s cnstrcte$ at the e3&ense % the &artnershi& $rin, the -arria,e n lan$ beln,in, t ne % the

s&ses als &ertain t the &artnershi& bt the #ale % the lan$ shall be rei-brse$ t the s&se !h !nsthe sa-e. '14>4a(

Art. 1*=. :hene#er the &ara&hernal &r&ert+ r the hsban$@s ca&ital cnsists in !hle r in &art % li#estcke3istin, &n the $issltin % the &artnershi& the n-ber % ani-als e3cee$in, that br,ht t the -arria,e

shall be $ee-e$ t be % the cn6,al &artnershi&. '14>*a(

Art. 15>. All &r&ert+ % the -arria,e is &res-e$ t beln, t the cn6,al &artnershi& nless it be &r#e$

that it &ertains e3clsi#el+ t the hsban$ r t the !i%e. '14>7(

SECTION 2. - Ch)(1es %pon )nd O3li1)tion of the Con01)l P)(tne(ship

Art. 151. The cn6,al &artnershi& shall be liable %r

'1( All $ebts an$ bli,atins cntracte$ b+ the hsban$ %r the bene%it % the cn6,al &artnershi& an$ thse

cntracte$ b+ the !i%e als %r the sa-e &r&se in the cases !here she -a+ le,all+ bin$ the &artnershi&?')( Arrears r inc-e $e $rin, the -arria,e %r- bli,atins !hich cnstitte a char,e &n &r&ert+ %

either s&se r % the &artnershi&?'2( Binr re&airs r %r -ere &reser#atin -a$e $rin, the -arria,e &n the se&arate &r&ert+ % either the

hsban$ r the !i%e? -a6r re&airs shall nt be char,e$ t the &artnershi&?'4( Ba6r r -inr re&airs &n the cn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+?

'*( The -aintenance % the %a-il+ an$ the e$catin % the chil$ren % bth hsban$ an$ !i%e an$ %

le,iti-ate chil$ren % ne % the s&ses?

'5( E3&enses t &er-it the s&ses t c-&lete a &r%essinal #catinal r ther crse. '14>;a(

Art. 15). The #ale % !hat is $nate$ r &r-ise$ t the c--n chil$ren b+ the hsban$ nl+ %r secrin,

their %tre r the %inishin, % a career r b+ bth s&ses thr,h a c--n a,ree-ent shall als bechar,e$ t the cn6,al &artnershi& !hen the+ ha#e nt sti&late$ that it is t be satis%ie$ %r- the &r&ert+

% ne % the- in !hle r in &art. '14>=(



Art. 152. The &a+-ent % $ebts cntracte$ b+ the hsban$ r the !i%e be%re the -arria,e shall nt be

char,e$ t the cn6,al &artnershi&.

Neither shall the %ines an$ &ecniar+ in$e-nities i-&se$ &n the- be char,e$ t the &artnershi&.

H!e#er the &a+-ent % $ebts cntracte$ b+ the hsban$ r the !i%e be%re the -arria,e an$ that % %ines

an$ in$e-nities i-&se$ &n the- -a+ be en%rce$ a,ainst the &artnershi& assets a%ter the res&nsibilitiesen-erate$ in Article 151 ha#e been c#ere$ i% the s&se !h is bn$ shl$ ha#e n e3clsi#e &r&ert+ r

i% it shl$ be ins%%icient? bt at the ti-e % the li8i$atin % the &artnershi& sch s&se shall be char,e$ %r!hat has been &ai$ %r the &r&se ab#e9-entine$. '141>(

Art. 154. :hate#er -a+ be lst $rin, the -arria,e in an+ kin$ % ,a-blin, bettin, r ,a-e !hether&er-itte$ r &rhibite$ b+ la! shall be brne b+ the lser an$ shall nt be char,e$ t the cn6,al

&artnershi&. '1411a(

SECTION 4. - Ad5inist()tion of the Con01)l P)(tne(ship

Art. 15*. The hsban$ is the a$-inistratr % the cn6,al &artnershi&. '141)a(

Art. 155. Unless the !i%e has been $eclare$ a nn c-&s -entis r a s&en$thri%t r is n$er ci#il inter$ictin

r is cn%ine$ in a le&rsari- the hsban$ cannt alienate r enc-ber an+ real &r&ert+ % the cn6,al&artnershi& !itht the !i%e@s cnsent. I% she re%ses nreasnabl+ t ,i#e her cnsent the crt -a+ c-&el

her t ,rant the sa-e.

This article shall nt a&&l+ t &r&ert+ ac8ire$ b+ the cn6,al &artnershi& be%re the e%%ecti#e $ate % this

C$e. '1412a(

Art. 157. In case % abse % &!ers % a$-inistratin % the cn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+ b+ the hsban$ the

crts n &etitin % the !i%e -a+ &r#i$e %r recei#ershi& r a$-inistratin b+ the !i%e r se&aratin %

&r&ert+. 'n(

Art. 15;. The !i%e -a+ b+ e3&ress athrit+ % the hsban$ e-b$ie$ in a &blic instr-ent a$-inister the

cn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+. 'n(

Art. 15=. The !i%e -a+ als b+ e3&ress athrit+ % the hsban$ a&&earin, in a &blic instr-ent a$-inisterthe latter@s estate. 'n(

Art. 17>. The hsban$ r the !i%e -a+ $is&se b+ !ill % his r her hal% % the cn6,al &artnershi& &r%its.

'1414a(

Art. 171. The hsban$ -a+ $is&se % the cn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+ %r the &r&ses s&eci%ie$ in Articles

151 an$ 15). '141*a(

Art. 17). The !i%e cannt bin$ the cn6,al &artnershi& !itht the hsban$@s cnsent e3ce&t in cases&r#i$e$ b+ la!. '1415a(

Art. 172. The !i%e -a+ $rin, the -arria,e an$ !ithin 1> +ears %r- the transactin 8estine$ ask thecrts %r the annl-ent % an+ cntract % the hsban$ entere$ int !itht her cnsent !hen sch cnsent

is re8ire$ r an+ act r cntract % the hsban$ !hich ten$s t $e%ra$ her r i-&air her interest in thecn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+. Shl$ the !i%e %ail t e3ercise this ri,ht she r her heirs a%ter the $issltin

% the -arria,e -a+ $e-an$ the #ale % &r&ert+ %ra$lentl+ alienate$ b+ the hsban$. 'n(

Art. 174. :ith the e3ce&tin % -$erate $natins %r charit+ neither hsban$ nr !i%e can $nate an+

&r&ert+ % the cn6,al &artnershi& !itht the cnsent % the ther. 'n(

SECTION 6. - "issoltion of the Con01)l P)(tne(ship

Art. 17*. The cn6,al &artnershi& % ,ains ter-inates

'1( U&n the $eath % either s&se?

')( :hen there is a $ecree % le,al se&aratin?'2( :hen the -arria,e is annlle$?

'4( In case % 6$icial se&aratin % &r&ert+ n$er Article 1=1. '1417a(

Art. 175. In case % le,al se&aratin the ,ilt+ s&se shall %r%eit his r her share % the cn6,al &artnershi&

&r%its !hich shall be a!ar$e$ t the chil$ren % bth an$ the chil$ren % the ,ilt+ s&se ha$ b+ a &rir-arria,e. H!e#er i% the cn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+ ca-e -stl+ r entirel+ %r- the !rk r in$str+ r

%r- the !a,es an$ salaries r %r- the %rits % the se&arate &r&ert+ % the ,ilt+ s&se this %r%eitreshall nt a&&l+.

In case there are n chil$ren the inncent s&se shall be entitle$ t all the net &r%its. 'n(

Art. 177. In case % annl-ent % the -arria,e the s&se !h acte$ in ba$ %aith r ,a#e case %r annl-ent

shall %r%eit his r her share % the cn6,al &artnershi& &r%its. The &r#isin % the &rece$in, article shall

,#ern. 'n(

Art. 17;. The se&aratin in %act bet!een hsban$ an$ !i%e !itht 6$icial a&&r#al shall nt a%%ect the

cn6,al &artnershi& e3ce&t that



'1( The s&se !h lea#es the cn6,al h-e r re%ses t li#e therein !itht 6st case shall nt ha#e a

ri,ht t be s&&rte$?

')( :hen the cnsent % ne s&se t an+ transactin % the ther is re8ire$ b+ la! 6$icial athri0atin

shall be necessar+?

'2( I% the hsban$ has aban$ne$ the !i%e !itht 6st case %r at least 1 +ear she -a+ &etitin the crt %ra recei#ershi& r a$-inistratin b+ her % the cn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+ r se&aratin % &r&ert+. 'n(

SECTION 7. - Li8id)tion of the Con01)l P)(tne(ship

Art. 17=. U&n the $issltin % the cn6,al &artnershi& an in#entr+ shall be %r-e$ bt sch in#entr+

shall nt be necessar+

'1( I% a%ter the $issltin % the &artnershi& ne % the s&ses shl$ ha#e rennce$ its e%%ects an$

cnse8ences in $e ti-e? r')( :hen se&aratin % &r&ert+ has &rece$e$ the $issltin % the &artnershi&. '141;a(

Art. 1;>. The be$ an$ be$$in, !hich the s&ses r$inaril+ se shall nt be incl$e$ in the in#entr+. These

e%%ects as !ell as the clthin, %r their r$inar+ se shall be $eli#ere$ t the sr#i#in, s&se. '14)>(

Art. 1;1. The in#entr+ ha#in, been c-&lete$ the &ara&hernal &r&ert+ shall %irst be &ai$. Then the $ebts

an$ char,es a,ainst the cn6,al &artnershi& shall be &ai$. '14))a(

Art. 1;). The $ebts char,es an$ bli,atins % the cn6,al &artnershi& ha#in, been &ai$? the ca&ital % thehsban$ shall be li8i$ate$ an$ &ai$ t the a-nt % the &r&ert+ in#entrie$. '14)2a(

Art. 1;2. The $e$ctins %r- the in#entrie$ &r&ert+ ha#in, been -a$e as &r#i$e$ in the ) &rece$in,articles the re-ain$er % sai$ &r&ert+ shall cnstitte the cre$it % the cn6,al &artnershi&. '14)4(

Art. 1;4. The lss r $eteriratin % the -#ables beln,in, t either s&se alth,h thr,h %rtits

e#ent shall be &ai$ %r- the cn6,al &artnershi& % ,ains shl$ there be an+.

Thse s%%ere$ b+ real &r&ert+ shall nt be rei-brsable in an+ case e3ce&t thse n &ara&hernal &r&ert+

a$-inistere$ b+ the hsban$ !hen the lsses !ere $e t his %alt. He shall &a+ %r the sa-e. '14)*a(

Art. 1;*. The net re-ain$er % the cn6,al &artnershi& % ,ains shall be $i#i$e$ e8all+ bet!een the hsban$an$ the !i%e r their res&ecti#e heirs nless a $i%%erent basis % $i#isin !as a,ree$ &n in the -arria,e

settle-ents. '14)5a(

Art. 1;5. The -rnin, a&&arel % the !i$! shall be &ai$ %r t % the estate % the $ecease$ hsban$.

'14)7a(

Art. 1;7. :ith re,ar$ t the %r-atin % the in#entr+ rles %r a&&raisal an$ sale % &r&ert+ % the cn6,al

&artnershi& an$ ther -atters !hich are nt e3&ressl+ $eter-ine$ in the &resent Cha&ter the Rles % Crtn the a$-inistratin % estates % $ecease$ &ersns shall be bser#e$. '14);a(

Art. 1;;. Fr- the c--n -ass % &r&ert+ s&&rt shall be ,i#en t the sr#i#in, s&se an$ t the

chil$ren $rin, the li8i$atin % the in#entrie$ &r&ert+ an$ ntil !hat beln,s t the- is $eli#ere$? bt %r-

this shall be $e$cte$ that a-nt recei#e$ %r s&&rt !hich e3cee$s the %rits r rents &ertainin, t the-.

'142>(

Art. 1;=. :hene#er the li8i$atin % the &artnershi& % ) r -re -arria,es cntracte$ b+ the sa-e &ersnshl$ be carrie$ t at the sa-e ti-e in r$er t $eter-ine the ca&ital % each &artnershi& all kin$s % &r%

in the absence % in#entries shall be a$-itte$? an$ in case % $bt the &artnershi& &r&ert+ shall be $i#i$e$

bet!een the $i%%erent &artnershi&s in &r&rtin t the $ratin % each an$ t the &r&ert+ beln,in, t the

res&ecti#e s&ses. '1421(

CHAPTER #. SEPARATION OF PROPERT! OF THE SPOUSES AND

ADMINISTRATION OF PROPERT! B! THE WIFE DURING THE MARRIAGE

Art. 1=>. In the absence % an e3&ress $eclaratin in the -arria,e settle-ents the se&aratin % &r&ert+

bet!een s&ses $rin, the -arria,e shall nt take &lace sa#e in #irte % a 6$icial r$er. '142)a(

Art. 1=1. The hsban$ r the !i%e -a+ ask %r the se&aratin % &r&ert+ an$ it shall be $ecree$ !hen the

s&se % the &etitiner has been sentence$ t a &enalt+ !hich carries !ith it ci#il inter$ictin r has been

$eclare$ absent r !hen le,al se&aratin has been ,rante$.

In case % abse % &!ers % a$-inistratin % the cn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+ b+ the hsban$ r in case % aban$n-ent b+ the hsban$ se&aratin % &r&ert+ -a+ als be r$ere$ b+ the crt accr$in, t the

&r#isins % Articles 157 an$ 17; N. 2.

In all these cases it is s%%icient t &resent the %inal 6$,-ent !hich has been entere$ a,ainst the ,ilt+ r

absent s&se. '1422a(

The hsban$ an$ the !i%e -a+ a,ree &n the $issltin % the cn6,al &artnershi& $rin, the -arria,e

sb6ect t 6$icial a&&r#al. All the cre$itrs % the hsban$ an$ % the !i%e as !ell as % the cn6,al

&artnershi& shall be nti%ie$ % an+ &etitin %r 6$icial a&&r#al r the #lntar+ $issltin % the cn6,al&artnershi& s that an+ sch cre$itrs -a+ a&&ear at the hearin, t sa%e,ar$ his interests. U&n a&&r#al %



the &etitin %r $issltin % the cn6,al &artnershi& the crt shall take sch -easres as -a+ &rtect the

cre$itrs an$ ther thir$ &ersns.

A%ter $issltin % the cn6,al &artnershi& the &r#isins % Articles )14 an$ )1* shall a&&l+. The &r#isins% this C$e cncernin, the e%%ect % &artitin state$ in Articles 4=; t *>1 shall be a&&licable. '1422a(

Art. 1=). Once the se&aratin % &r&ert+ has been r$ere$ the cn6,al &artnershi& shall be $issl#e$ an$its li8i$atin shall be -a$e in cn%r-it+ !ith !hat has been establishe$ b+ this C$e.

H!e#er !itht &re6$ice t the &r#isins % Article )=) the hsban$ an$ the !i%e shall be reci&rcall+

liable %r their s&&rt $rin, the se&aratin an$ %r the s&&rt an$ e$catin % their chil$ren? all in

&r&rtin t their res&ecti#e &r&ert+.

The share % the s&se !h is n$er ci#il inter$ictin r absent shall be a$-inistere$ in accr$ance !ith the

Rles % Crt. '1424a(

Art. 1=2. The c-&laint %r se&aratin an$ the %inal 6$,-ent $eclarin, the sa-e shall be nte$ an$ recr$e$

in the &r&er re,isters % &r&ert+ i% the 6$,-ent shl$ re%er t i--#able &r&ert+. '1427(

Art. 1=4. The se&aratin % &r&ert+ shall nt &re6$ice the ri,hts &re#isl+ ac8ire$ b+ cre$itrs. '142;(

Art. 1=*. The se&aratin % &r&ert+ ceases

'1( U&n recnciliatin % the s&ses in case % le,al se&aratin?

')( :hen the ci#il inter$ictin ter-inates?'2( :hen the absent s&se a&&ears?

'4( :hen the crt at the instance % the !i%e athri0es the hsban$ t res-e the a$-inistratin % the

cn6,al &artnershi& the crt bein, satis%ie$ that the hsban$ !ill nt a,ain abse his &!ers as an

a$-inistratr?

'*( :hen the hsban$ !h has aban$ne$ the !i%e re6ins her.

In the ab#e cases the &r&ert+ relatins bet!een the s&ses shall be ,#erne$ b+ the sa-e rles as be%re

the se&aratin !itht &re6$ice t the acts an$ cntracts le,all+ e3ecte$ $rin, the se&aratin.

The s&ses shall state in a &blic $c-ent all the &r&ert+ !hich the+ retrn t the -arria,e an$ !hichshall cnstitte the se&arate &r&ert+ % each.

This &blic $c-ent shall be recr$e$ in the Re,istr+ % Pr&ert+.

In the cases re%erre$ t in this article all the &r&ert+ br,ht in shall be $ee-e$ t be ne!l+ cntribte$

e#en th,h all r s-e -a+ be the sa-e !hich e3iste$ be%re the li8i$atin e%%ecte$ b+ reasn % the

se&aratin. '142=a(

Art. 1=5. :ith the cn6,al &artnershi& sbsistin, the a$-inistratin % all classes % &r&ert+ in the -arria,e-a+ be trans%erre$ b+ the crts t the !i%e

'1( :hen she bec-es the ,ar$ian % her hsban$?')( :hen she asks %r the $eclaratin % his absence?

'2( In case % ci#il inter$ictin % the hsban$.

The crts -a+ als cn%er the a$-inistratin t the !i%e !ith sch li-itatin as the+ -a+ $ee- a$#isable i%

the hsban$ shl$ bec-e a %,iti#e %r- 6stice r be in hi$in, as a $e%en$ant in a cri-inal case r i% bein,

absltel+ nable t a$-inister he shl$ ha#e %aile$ t &r#i$e %r a$-inistratin. '1441a(

Art. 1=7. The !i%e t !h- the a$-inistratin % all the &r&ert+ % the -arria,e is trans%erre$ shall ha#e !ith

res&ect t sai$ &r&ert+ the sa-e &!ers an$ res&nsibilit+ !hich the hsban$ has !hen he is the

a$-inistratr bt al!a+s sb6ect t the &r#isins % the last &ara,ra&h % the &rece$in, article. '144)a(

CHAPTER $. S!STEM OF ABSOLUTE COMMUNIT! (n)

Art. 1=;. In case the %tre s&ses a,ree in the -arria,e settle-ents that the s+ste- % abslte c--nit+

shall ,#ern their &r&ert+ relatins $rin, -arria,e the %ll!in, &r#isins shall be % s&&le-entar+

a&&licatin.

Art. 1==. In the absence % sti&latin t the cntrar+ the c--nit+ shall cnsist % all &resent an$ %tre

&r&ert+ % the s&ses nt e3ce&te$ b+ la!.

Art. )>>. Neither s&se -a+ rennce an+ inheritance !itht the cnsent % the ther. In case % cn%lict

the crt shall $eci$e the 8estin a%ter cnsltin, the %a-il+ cncil i% there is an+.

Art. )>1. The %ll!in, shall be e3cl$e$ %r- the c--nit+

'1( Pr&ert+ ac8ire$ b+ ,ratits title b+ either s&se !hen it is &r#i$e$ b+ the $nr r testatr that itshall nt bec-e a &art % the c--nit+?

')( Pr&ert+ inherite$ b+ either hsban$ r !i%e thr,h the $eath % a chil$ b+ a %r-er -arria,e there bein,

brthers r sisters % the %ll bl$ % the $ecease$ chil$?

'2( A &rtin % the &r&ert+ % either s&se e8i#alent t the &res-&ti#e le,iti-e % the chil$ren b+ a%r-er -arria,e?

'4( Persnal beln,in,s % either s&se.



H!e#er all the %rits an$ inc-e % the %re,in, classes % &r&ert+ shall be incl$e$ in the c--nit+.

Art. )>). Ante9n&tial $ebts % either s&se shall nt be &ai$ %r- the c--nit+ nless the sa-e ha#e

re$n$e$ t the bene%it % the %a-il+.

Art. )>2. Debts cntracte$ b+ bth s&ses r b+ ne % the- !ith the cnsent % the ther shall be &ai$ %r-

the c--nit+. I% the c--n &r&ert+ is ins%%icient t c#er c--n $ebts the sa-e -a+ be en%rce$a,ainst the se&arate &r&ert+ % the s&ses !h shall be e8all+ liable.

Art. )>4. Debts cntracte$ b+ either s&se !itht the cnsent % the ther shall be char,eable a,ainst the

c--nit+ t the e3tent that the %a-il+ -a+ ha#e been bene%ite$ thereb+.

Art. )>*. In$e-nities that -st be &ai$ b+ either s&se n accnt % a cri-e r % a 8asi9$elict shall be

&ai$ %r- the c--n assets !itht an+ bli,atin t -ake rei-brse-ent.

Art. )>5. The !nershi& a$-inistratin &ssessin an$ en6+-ent % the c--n &r&ert+ beln, t bths&ses 6intl+. In case % $isa,ree-ent the crts shall settle the $i%%iclt+.

Art. )>7. Neither s&se -a+ alienate r enc-ber an+ c--n &r&ert+ !itht the cnsent % the ther. In

case % n6sti%iable re%sal b+ the ther s&se the crts -a+ ,rant the necessar+ cnsent.

Art. )>;. The abslte c--nit+ % &r&ert+ shall be $issl#e$ n an+ % the ,rn$s s&eci%ie$ in Article 17*.

Art. )>=. :hen there is a se&aratin in %act bet!een hsban$ an$ !i%e !itht 6$icial a&&r#al the

&r#isins % Article 17; shall a&&l+.

Art. )1>. U&n the $issltin an$ li8i$atin % the c--nit+ the net assets shall be $i#i$e$ e8all+bet!een the hsban$ an$ the !i%e r their heirs. In case % le,al se&aratin r annl-ent % -arria,e the&r#isins % Articles 175 an$ 177 shall a&&l+ t the net &r%its ac8ire$ $rin, the -arria,e.

Art. )11. Li8i$atin % the abslte c--nit+ shall be ,#erne$ b+ the Rles % Crt n the a$-inistratin

% the estate % $ecease$ &ersns.

CHAPTER %. S!STEM OF COMPLETE SEPARATION OF PROPERT! (n)

Art. )1). Shl$ the %tre s&ses a,ree in the -arria,e settle-ents that their &r&ert+ relatins $rin,

-arria,e shall be base$ &n the s+ste- % c-&lete se&aratin % &r&ert+ the %ll!in, &r#isins shall

s&&le-ent the -arria,e settle-ents.

Art. )12. Se&aratin % &r&ert+ -a+ re%er t &resent r %tre &r&ert+ r bth. It -a+ be ttal r &artial. Inthe latter case the &r&ert+ nt a,ree$ &n as se&arate shall &ertain t the cn6,al &artnershi& % ,ains.

Art. )14. Each s&se shall !n $is&se % &ssess a$-inister an$ en6+ his r her !n se&arate estate!itht the cnsent % the ther. All earnin,s %r- an+ &r%essin bsiness r in$str+ shall like!ise beln, t

each s&se.

Art. )1*. Each s&se shall &r&rtinatel+ bear the %a-il+ e3&enses.



Title VII. - T!E &AMILY 9n:

CHAPTER 1. THE FAMIL! AS AN INSTITUTION

Art. )15. The %a-il+ is a basic scial instittin !hich &blic &lic+ cherishes an$ &rtects.

Art. )17. Fa-il+ relatins shall incl$e thse

'1( et!een hsban$ an$ !i%e?')( et!een &arent an$ chil$?

'2( A-n, ther ascen$ants an$ their $escen$ants?'4( A-n, brthers an$ sisters.

Art. )1;. The la! ,#erns %a-il+ relatins. N cst- &ractice r a,ree-ent !hich is $estrcti#e % the %a-il+shall be rec,ni0e$ r ,i#en an+ e%%ect.

Art. )1=. Btal ai$ bth -ral an$ -aterial shall be ren$ere$ a-n, -e-bers % the sa-e %a-il+. <$icial

an$ a$-inistrati#e %%icials shall %ster this -tal assistance.

Art. ))>. In case % $bt all &res-&tins %a#r the sli$arit+ % the %a-il+. Ths e#er+ inten$-ent % la! r

%acts leans t!ar$ the #ali$it+ % -arria,e the in$isslbilit+ % the -arria,e bn$s the le,iti-ac+ % chil$ren

the c--nit+ % &r&ert+ $rin, -arria,e the athrit+ % &arents #er their chil$ren an$ the #ali$it+ %

$e%ense %r an+ -e-ber % the %a-il+ in case % nla!%l a,,ressin.

Art. ))1. The %ll!in, shall be #i$ an$ % n e%%ect

'1( An+ cntract %r &ersnal se&aratin bet!een hsban$ an$ !i%e?

')( E#er+ e3tra96$icial a,ree-ent $rin, -arria,e %r the $issltin % the cn6,al &artnershi& % ,ains r% the abslte c--nit+ % &r&ert+ bet!een hsban$ an$ !i%e?

'2( E#er+ cllsin t btain a $ecree % le,al se&aratin r % annl-ent % -arria,e?'4( An+ si-late$ alienatin % &r&ert+ !ith intent t $e&ri#e the c-&lsr+ heirs % their le,iti-e.

Art. ))). N sit shall be %ile$ r -aintaine$ bet!een -e-bers % the sa-e %a-il+ nless it shl$ a&&ear thatearnest e%%rts t!ar$ a c-&r-ise ha#e been -a$e bt that the sa-e ha#e %aile$ sb6ect t the li-itatins

in Article )>2*.

CHAPTER 2. THE FAMIL! HOME (n)

SECTION '. - #ene()l P(ovisions

Art. ))2. The %a-il+ h-e is the $!ellin, hse !here a &ersn an$ his %a-il+ resi$e an$ the lan$ n !hich it

is sitate$. I% cnstitte$ as herein &r#i$e$ the %a-il+ h-e shall be e3e-&t %r- e3ectin %rce$ sale r

attach-ent e3ce&t as &r#i$e$ in Articles )2) an$ )42.

Art. ))4. The %a-il+ h-e -a+ be establishe$ 6$iciall+ r e3tra6$iciall+.

SECTION *. - ;di,i)l Constittion of the &)5il !o5e

Art. ))*. The %a-il+ h-e -a+ be cnstitte$ b+ a #eri%ie$ &etitin t the CFI b+ the !ner % the &r&ert+

an$ b+ a&&r#al there% b+ the crt.

Art. ))5. The %ll!in, shall be bene%iciaries % the %a-il+ h-e

'1( The &ersn establishin, the sa-e?

')( His r her s&se?'2( His r her &arents ascen$ants $escen$ants brthers an$ sisters !hether the relatinshi& be le,iti-ate r

ther!ise !h are li#in, in the %a-il+ h-e an$ !h $e&en$ &n hi- %r s&&rt.

Art. ))7. The %a-il+ h-e -a+ als be set & b+ an n-arrie$ &ersn !h is the hea$ % a %a-il+ r

hsehl$.

Art. ));. I% the &etitiner is -arrie$ the %a-il+ h-e -a+ be selecte$ %r- the cn6,al &artnershi& r

c--nit+ &r&ert+ r %r- the se&arate &r&ert+ % the hsban$ r !ith the cnsent % the !i%e %r- her

&ara&hernal &r&ert+.

Art. ))=. The &etitin shall cntain the %ll!in, &articlars

'1( Descri&tin % the &r&ert+?

')( An esti-ate % its actal #ale?'2( A state-ent that the &etitiner is actall+ resi$in, in the &re-ises?

'4( The enc-brances theren?'*( The na-es an$ a$$resses % all the cre$itrs % the &etitiner an$ % all -rt,a,ees an$ ther &ersns !h

ha#e an interest in the &r&ert+?

'5( The na-es % the ther bene%iciaries s&eci%ie$ in Article ))5.



Art. )2>. Cre$itrs -rt,a,ees an$ all ther &ersns !h ha#e an interest in the estate shall be nti%ie$ % the

&etitin an$ ,i#en an &&rtnit+ t &resent their b6ectins theret. The &etitin shall -re#er be

&blishe$ nce a !eek %r 2 cnsecti#e !eeks in a ne!s&a&er % ,eneral circlatin.

Art. )21. I% the crt %in$s that the actal #ale % the &r&se$ %a-il+ h-e $es nt e3cee$ t!ent+ thsan$

&ess r 2> thsan$ &ess in chartere$ cities an$ that n thir$ &ersn is &re6$ice$ the &etitin shall be

a&&r#e$. Shl$ an+ cre$itr !hse clai- is nsecre$ &&se the establish-ent % the %a-il+ h-e the

crt shall ,rant the &etitin i% the $ebtr ,i#es s%%icient secrit+ %r the $ebt.

Art. )2). The %a-il+ h-e a%ter its creatin b+ #irte % 6$icial a&&r#al shall be e3e-&t %r- e3ectin

%rce$ sale r attach-ent e3ce&t

'1( Fr nn&a+-ent % ta3es? r

')( In satis%actin % a 6$,-ent n a $ebt secre$ b+ a -rt,a,e cnstitte$ n the i--#able be%re ra%ter the establish-ent % the %a-il+ h-e.

In case % insl#enc+ % the &ersn cnstittin, the %a-il+ h-e the &r&ert+ shall nt be cnsi$ere$ ne %

the assets t be taken &ssessin % b+ the assi,nee %r the bene%it % cre$itrs.

Art. )22. The r$er % the crt a&&r#in, the establish-ent % the %a-il+ h-e shall be recr$e$ in the

Re,istr+ % Pr&ert+.

Art. )24. :hen there is $an,er that a &ersn bli,e$ t ,i#e s&&rt -a+ lse his r her %rtne becase %,ra#e -is-ana,e-ent r n accnt % rits li#in, his r her s&se i% an+ an$ a -a6rit+ % thse

entitle$ t be s&&rte$ b+ hi- r b+ her -a+ &etitin the CFI %r the creatin % the %a-il+ h-e.

Art. )2*. The %a-il+ h-e -a+ be sl$ alienate$ r enc-bere$ b+ the &ersn !h has cnstitte$ the sa-e

!ith the cnsent % his r her s&se an$ !ith the a&&r#al % the crt. H!e#er the %a-il+ h-e shalln$er n circ-stances be $nate$ as ln, as there are bene%iciaries. In case % sale the &rice r sch &rtin

there% as -a+ be $eter-ine$ b+ the crt shall be se$ in ac8irin, &r&ert+ !hich shall be %r-e$ int ane! %a-il+ h-e. An+ s- % -ne+ btaine$ thr,h an enc-brance n the %a-il+ h-e shall be se$ in

the interest % the bene%iciaries. The crt shall take -easres t i-&le-ent the last ) &r#isins.

Art. )25. The %a-il+ h-e -a+ be $issl#e$ &n the &etitin % the &ersn !h has cnstitte$ the sa-e

!ith the !ritten cnsent % his r her s&se an$ % at least ne hal% % all the ther bene%iciaries !h are 1;+ears % a,e r #er. The crt -a+ ,rant the &etitin i% it is satis%actril+ sh!n that the best interest % the

%a-il+ re8ires the $issltin % the %a-il+ h-e.

Art. )27. In case % le,al se&aratin r annl-ent % -arria,e the %a-il+ h-e shall be $issl#e$ an$ the

&r&ert+ shall cease t be e3e-&t %r- e3ectin %rce$ sale r attach-ent.

Art. )2;. U&n the $eath % the &ersn !h has set & the %a-il+ h-e the sa-e shall cntine nless he

$esire$ ther!ise in his !ill. The heirs cannt ask %r its &artitin $rin, the %irst 1> +ears %ll!in, the $eath% the &ersn cnstittin, the sa-e nless the crt %in$s &!er%l reasns there%r.

Art. )2=. The %a-il+ h-e shall nt be sb6ect t &a+-ent % the $ebts % the $ecease$ nless in his !ill the

cntrar+ is state$. H!e#er the clai-s -entine$ in Article )2) shall nt be a$#ersel+ a%%ecte$ b+ the $eath %

the &ersn !h has establishe$ the %a-il+ h-e.

SECTION /. - E+t()-0di,i)l C(e)tion of the &)5il !o5e

Art. )4>. The %a-il+ h-e -a+ be e3tra6$iciall+ cnstitte$ b+ recr$in, in the Re,istr+ % Pr&ert+ a &blicinstr-ent !herein a &ersn $eclares that he thereb+ establishes a %a-il+ h-e t % a $!ellin, &lace !ith

the lan$ n !hich it is sitate$.

Art. )41. The $eclaratin settin, & the %a-il+ h-e shall be n$er ath an$ shall cntain

'1( A state-ent that the clai-ant is the !ner % an$ is actall+ resi$in, in the &re-ises?

')( A $escri&tin % the &r&ert+?

'2( An esti-ate % its actal #ale? an$'4( The na-es % the clai-ant@s s&se an$ the ther bene%iciaries -entine$ in Article ))5.

Art. )4). The recr$in, in the Re,istr+ % Pr&ert+ % the $eclaratin re%erre$ t in the ) &rece$in, articles is

the &erati#e act !hich creates the %a-il+ h-e.

Art. )42. The %a-il+ h-e e3tra6$iciall+ %r-e$ shall be e3e-&t %r- e3ectin %rce$ sale r attach-ente3ce&t

'1( Fr nn&a+-ent % ta3es?

')( Fr $ebts incrre$ be%re the $eclaratin !as recr$e$ in the Re,istr+ % Pr&ert+?

'2( Fr $ebts secre$ b+ -rt,a,es n the &re-ises be%re r a%ter sch recr$ % the $eclaratin?'4( Fr $ebts $e t labrers -echanics architects bil$ers -aterial9-en an$ thers !h ha#e ren$ere$

ser#ice r %rnishe$ -aterial %r the &rsectin % the bil$in,.

Art. )44. The &r#isins % Articles ))5 t )); an$ )2* t )2; are like!ise a&&licable t %a-il+ h-es

e3tra6$iciall+ establishe$.



Art. )4*. U&n the $eath % the &ersn !h has e3tra6$iciall+ cnstitte$ the %a-il+ h-e the &r&ert+ shall

nt be liable %r his $ebts ther than thse -entine$ in Article )42. H!e#er he -a+ &r#i$e in his !ill that

the %a-il+ h-e shall be sb6ect t &a+-ent % $ebts nt s&eci%ie$ in Article )42.

Art. )45. N $eclaratin %r the e3tra6$icial establish-ent % the %a-il+ h-e shall be recr$e$ in the Re,istr+

% Pr&ert+ i% the esti-ate$ actal #ale % the bil$in, an$ the lan$ e3cee$s the a-nt state$ in Article )21.

Art. )47. :hen a cre$itr !hse clai- is nt -entine$ in Article )42 btains a 6$,-ent in his %a#r an$ he

has reasnable ,rn$s t belie#e that the %a-il+ h-e % the 6$,-ent $ebtr is !rth -re than the a-nt-entine$ in Article )21 he -a+ a&&l+ t the CFI %r an r$er $irectin, the sale % the &r&ert+ n$er

e3ectin.

Art. )4;. The hearin, n the &etitin a&&raisal % the #ale % the %a-il+ h-e the sale n$er e3ectin an$

ther -atters relati#e t the &rcee$in,s shall be ,#erne$ b+ sch &r#isins in the Rles % Crt as theS&re-e Crt shall &r-l,ate n the sb6ect &r#i$e$ the+ are nt incnsistent !ith this C$e.

Art. )4=. At the sale n$er e3ectin re%erre$ t in the ) &rece$in, articles n bi$ shall be cnsi$ere$ nless it

e3cee$s the a-nt s&eci%ie$ in Article )21. The &rcee$s % the sale shall be a&&lie$ in the %ll!in, r$er

'1( T the a-nt -entine$ in Article )21?

')( T the 6$,-ent an$ the csts.

The e3cess i% an+ beln,s t the &ersn cnstittin, the %a-il+ h-e.

Art. )*>. The a-nt -entine$ in Article )21 ths recei#e$ b+ the &ersn !h has establishe$ the %a-il+

h-e r as -ch there% as the crt -a+ $eter-ine shall be in#este$ in cnstittin % a ne! %a-il+ h-e.The crt shall take -easres t en%rce this &r#isin.

Art. )*1. In case % insl#enc+ % the &ersn creatin, the %a-il+ h-e the clai-s s&eci%ie$ in Article )42 -a+

be satis%ie$ nt!ithstan$in, the insl#enc+ &rcee$in,s.

I% the assi,nee has reasnable ,rn$s t belie#e that the actal #ale % the %a-il+ h-e e3cee$s the a-nt

%i3e$ in Article )21 he -a+ take actin n$er the &r#isins % Articles )47 )4; an$ )4=.

CHAPTER 3. THE FAMIL! COUNCIL (n)

Art. )*). The CFI -a+ &n a&&licatin % an+ -e-ber % the %a-il+ a relati#e r a %rien$ a&&int a %a-il+

cncil !hse $t+ it shall be t a$#ise the crt the s&ses the &arents ,ar$ians an$ the %a-il+ ni-&rtant %a-il+ 8estins.

Art. )*2. The %a-il+ cncil shall be c-&se$ % %i#e -e-bers !h shall be relati#es % the &artiescncerne$. t the crt -a+ a&&int ne r ) %rien$s % the %a-il+.

Art. )*4. The %a-il+ cncil shall elect its chair-an an$ shall -eet at the call % the latter r &n r$er % the

crt.



Title VIII. - PATERNITY AN" &ILIATION

CHAPTER 1. LEGITIMATE CHILDREN

Art. )**. Chil$ren brn a%ter 1;> $a+s %ll!in, the celebratin % the -arria,e an$ be%re 2>> $a+s %ll!in,

its $issltin r the se&aratin % the s&ses shall be &res-e$ t be le,iti-ate.

A,ainst this &res-&tin n e#i$ence shall be a$-itte$ ther than that % the &h+sical i-&ssibilit+ % the

hsban$@s ha#in, access t his !i%e !ithin the %irst ne hn$re$ an$ t!ent+ $a+s % 2>> !hich &rece$e$ the

birth % the chil$.

This &h+sical i-&ssibilit+ -a+ be case$

'1( + the i-&tence % the hsban$?')( + the %act that the hsban$ an$ !i%e !ere li#in, se&aratel+ in sch a !a+ that access !as nt &ssible?

'2( + the seris illness % the hsban$. '1>;a(

Art. )*5. The chil$ shall be &res-e$ le,iti-ate alth,h the -ther -a+ ha#e $eclare$ a,ainst its le,iti-ac+

r -a+ ha#e been sentence$ as an a$lteress. '1>=(

Art. )*7. Shl$ the !i%e c--it a$lter+ at r abt the ti-e % the cnce&tin % the chil$ bt there !as n

&h+sical i-&ssibilit+ % access bet!een her an$ her hsban$ as set %rth in Article )** the chil$ is &ri-a %acie

&res-e$ t be ille,iti-ate i% it a&&ears hi,hl+ i-&rbable %r ethnic reasns that the chil$ is that % the

hsban$. Fr the &r&ses % this article the !i%e@s a$lter+ nee$ nt be &r#e$ in a cri-inal case. 'n(

Art. )*;. A chil$ brn !ithin 1;> $a+s %ll!in, the celebratin % the -arria,e is &ri-a %acie &res-e$ t be

le,iti-ate. Sch a chil$ is cnclsi#el+ &res-e$ t be le,iti-ate in an+ % these cases

'1( I% the hsban$ be%re the -arria,e kne! % the &re,nanc+ % the !i%e?

')( I% he cnsente$ bein, &resent t the &ttin, % his srna-e n the recr$ % birth % the chil$?'2( I% he e3&ressl+ r tacitl+ rec,ni0e$ the chil$ as his !n. '11>a(

Art. )*=. I% the -arria,e is $issl#e$ b+ the $eath % the hsban$ an$ the -ther cntracte$ anther-arria,e !ithin 2 hn$re$ $a+s %ll!in, sch $eath these rles shall ,#ern

'1( A chil$ brn be%re 1;> $a+s a%ter the sle-ni0atin % the sbse8ent -arria,e is $is&tabl+ &res-e$ t

ha#e been cncei#e$ $rin, the %r-er -arria,e &r#i$e$ it be brn !ithin 2>> $a+s a%ter the $eath % the

%r-er hsban$

')( A chil$ brn a%ter 1;> $a+s %ll!in, the celebratin % the sbse8ent -arria,e is &ri-a %acie &res-e$ t

ha#e been cncei#e$ $rin, sch -arria,e e#en th,h it be brn !ithin the 2>> $a+s a%ter the $eath % the%r-er hsban$. 'n(

Art. )5>. I% a%ter a 6$,-ent annllin, a -arria,e the %r-er !i%e shl$ belie#e hersel% t be &re,nant b+ the

%r-er hsban$ she shall !ithin 2> $a+s %r- the ti-e she beca-e a!are % her &re,nanc+ nti%+ the %r-er

hsban$ r his heirs % that %act. He r his heirs -a+ ask the crt t take -easres t &re#ent a si-latin % birth.

The sa-e bli,atin shall $e#l#e &n a !i$! !h belie#es hersel% t ha#e been le%t &re,nant b+ the

$ecease$ hsban$ r &n the !i%e !h belie#es hersel% t be &re,nant b+ her hsban$ %r- !h- she has

been le,all+ se&arate$. 'n(

Art. )51. There is n &res-&tin % le,iti-ac+ r ille,iti-ac+ % a chil$ brn a%ter 2>> $a+s %ll!in, the

$issltin % the -arria,e r the se&aratin % the s&ses. :he#er alle,es the le,iti-ac+ r the ille,iti-ac+

% sch chil$ -st &r#e his alle,atin. 'n(

Art. )5). The heirs % the hsban$ -a+ i-&,n the le,iti-ac+ % the chil$ nl+ in the %ll!in, cases

'1( I% the hsban$ shl$ $ie be%re the e3&iratin % the &eri$ %i3e$ %r brin,in, his actin?

')( I% he shl$ $ie a%ter the %ilin, % the c-&laint !itht ha#in, $esiste$ %r- the sa-e?'2( I% the chil$ !as brn a%ter the $eath % the hsban$. '11)(

Art. )52. The actin t i-&,n the le,iti-ac+ % the chil$ shall be br,ht !ithin 1 +ear %r- the recr$in, %

the birth in the Ci#il Re,ister i% the hsban$ shl$ be in the sa-e &lace r in a &r&er case an+ % his heirs.

I% he r his heirs are absent the &eri$ shall be 1; -nths i% the+ shl$ resi$e in the Phili&&ines? an$ ) +ears

i% abra$. I% the birth % the chil$ has been cnceale$ the ter- shall be cnte$ %r- the $isc#er+ % the

%ra$. '112a(

Art. )54. Le,iti-ate chil$ren shall ha#e the ri,ht

'1( T bear the srna-es % the %ather an$ % the -ther?

')( T recei#e s&&rt %r- the- %r- their ascen$ants an$ in a &r&er case %r- their brthers an$ sisters

in cn%r-it+ !ith Article )=1?

'2( T the le,iti-e an$ ther sccessinal ri,hts !hich this C$e rec,ni0es in their %a#r. '114(



CHAPTER 2. PROOF OF FILIATION OF LEGITIMATE CHILDREN

Art. )5*. The %iliatin % le,iti-ate chil$ren is &r#e$ b+ the recr$ % birth a&&earin, in the Ci#il Re,ister r

b+ an athentic $c-ent r a %inal 6$,-ent. '11*(

Art. )55. In the absence % the titles in$icate$ in the &rece$in, article the %iliatin shall be &r#e$ b+ the

cntins &ssessin % stats % a le,iti-ate chil$. '115(

Art. )57. In the absence % a recr$ % birth athentic $c-ent %inal 6$,-ent r &ssessin % statsle,iti-ate %iliatin -a+ be &r#e$ b+ an+ ther -eans all!e$ b+ the Rles % Crt an$ s&ecial la!s. '117a(

Art. )5;. The actin t clai- his le,iti-ac+ -a+ be br,ht b+ the chil$ $rin, all his li%eti-e an$ shall be

trans-itte$ t his heirs i% he shl$ $ie $rin, his -inrit+ r in a state % insanit+. In these cases the heirsshall ha#e a &eri$ % %i#e +ears !ithin !hich t institte the actin.

The actin alrea$+ c--ence$ b+ the chil$ is trans-itte$ &n his $eath t the heirs i% the &rcee$in, hasnt +et la&se$. '11;(

CHAPTER 3. LEGITIMATED CHILDREN

Art. )5=. Onl+ natral chil$ren can be le,iti-ate$. Chil$ren brn tsi$e !e$lck % &arents !h at the ti-e %

the cnce&tin % the %r-er !ere nt $is8ali%ie$ b+ an+ i-&e$i-ent t -arr+ each ther are natral.'11=a(

Art. )7>. Le,iti-atin shall take &lace b+ the sbse8ent -arria,e bet!een the &arents. '1)>a(

Art. )71. Onl+ natral chil$ren !h ha#e been rec,ni0e$ b+ the &arents be%re r a%ter the celebratin % the

-arria,e r ha#e been $eclare$ natral chil$ren b+ %inal 6$,-ent -a+ be cnsi$ere$ le,iti-ate$ b+sbse8ent -arria,e.

I% a natral chil$ is rec,ni0e$ r 6$iciall+ $eclare$ as natral sch rec,nitin r $eclaratin shall e3ten$ this r her brthers r sisters % the %ll bl$ Pr#i$e$ That the cnsent % the latter shall be i-&lie$ i% the+

$ nt i-&,n the rec,nitin !ithin %r +ears %r- the ti-e % sch rec,nitin r in case the+ are -inrs!ithin %r +ears %ll!in, the attain-ent % -a6rit+. '1)1a(

Art. )7). Chil$ren !h are le,iti-ate$ b+ sbse8ent -arria,e shall en6+ the sa-e ri,hts as le,iti-atechil$ren. '1))(

Art. )72. Le,iti-atin shall take e%%ect %r- the ti-e % the chil$@s birth. '1)2a(

Art. )74. The le,iti-atin % chil$ren !h $ie$ be%re the celebratin % the -arria,e shall bene%it their

$escen$ants. '1)4(

Art. )7*. Le,iti-atin -a+ be i-&,ne$ b+ thse !h are &re6$ice$ in their ri,hts !hen it takes &lace in

%a#r % thse !h $ nt ha#e the le,al cn$itin % natral chil$ren r !hen the re8isites lai$ $!n in thisCha&ter are nt c-&lie$ !ith. '1);a(

CHAPTER . ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN

SECTION '. - Re,o1nition of N)t()l Child(en

Art. )75. A natral chil$ -a+ be rec,ni0e$ b+ the %ather an$ -ther 6intl+ r b+ nl+ ne % the-. '1)=(

Art. )77. In case the rec,nitin is -a$e b+ nl+ ne % the &arents it shall be &res-e$ that the chil$ is

natral i% the &arent rec,ni0in, it ha$ le,al ca&acit+ t cntract -arria,e at the ti-e % the cnce&tin. '12>(

Art. )7;. Rec,nitin shall be -a$e in the recr$ % birth a !ill a state-ent be%re a crt % recr$ r in

an+ athentic !ritin,. '121a(

Art. )7=. A -inr !h -a+ nt cntract -arria,e !itht &arental cnsent cannt ackn!le$,e a natral chil$nless the &arent r ,ar$ian a&&r#es the ackn!le$,-ent r nless the rec,nitin is -a$e in a !ill. 'n(

Art. );>. :hen the %ather r the -ther -akes the rec,nitin se&aratel+ he r she shall nt re#eal the na-e

% the &ersn !ith !h- he r she ha$ the chil$? neither shall he r she state an+ circ-stance !hereb+ thether &arent -a+ be i$enti%ie$. '12)a(

Art. );1. A chil$ !h is % a,e cannt be rec,ni0e$ !itht his cnsent.

:hen the rec,nitin % a -inr $es nt take &lace in a recr$ % birth r in a !ill 6$icial a&&r#al shall be

necessar+.

A -inr can in an+ case i-&,n the rec,nitin !ithin %r +ears %ll!in, the attain-ent % his -a6rit+.

'122a(

Art. );). A rec,ni0e$ natral chil$ has the ri,ht

'1( T bear the srna-e % the &arent rec,ni0in, hi-

')( T recei#e s&&rt %r- sch &arent in cn%r-it+ !ith article )=1?

'2( T recei#e in a &r&er case the here$itar+ &rtin !hich is $eter-ine$ in this C$e. '124(



Art. );2. In an+ % the %ll!in, cases the %ather is bli,e$ t rec,ni0e the chil$ as his natral chil$

'1( In cases % ra&e ab$ctin r se$ctin !hen the &eri$ % the %%ense cinci$es -re r less !ith that %

the cnce&tin?')( :hen the chil$ is in cntins &ssessin % stats % a chil$ % the alle,e$ %ather b+ the $irect acts % the

latter r % his %a-il+?

'2( :hen the chil$ !as cncei#e$ $rin, the ti-e !hen the -ther chabite$ !ith the s&&se$ %ather?

'4( :hen the chil$ has in his %a#r an+ e#i$ence r &r% that the $e%en$ant is his %ather. 'n(

Art. );4. The -ther is bli,e$ t rec,ni0e her natral chil$

'1( In an+ % the cases re%erre$ t in the &rece$in, article as bet!een the chil$ an$ the -ther?')( :hen the birth an$ the i$entit+ % the chil$ are clearl+ &r#e$. '125a(

Art. );*. The actin %r the rec,nitin % natral chil$ren -a+ be br,ht nl+ $rin, the li%eti-e % the

&res-e$ &arents e3ce&t in the %ll!in, cases

'1( I% the %ather r -ther $ie$ $rin, the -inrit+ % the chil$ in !hich case the latter -a+ %ile the actinbe%re the e3&iratin % %r +ears %r- the attain-ent % his -a6rit+?

')( I% a%ter the $eath % the %ather r % the -ther a $c-ent shl$ a&&ear % !hich nthin, ha$ been

hear$ an$ in !hich either r bth &arents rec,ni0e the chil$.

In this case the actin -st be c--ence$ !ithin %r +ears %r- the %in$in, % the $c-ent. '127a(

Art. );5. The rec,nitin -a$e in %a#r % a chil$ !h $es nt &ssess all the cn$itins state$ in Article )5=

r in !hich the re8ire-ents % the la! ha#e nt been %l%ille$ -a+ be i-&,ne$ b+ thse !h are &re6$ice$b+ sch rec,nitin. '127(

SECTION *. - Othe( Ille1iti5)te Child(en

Art. );7. Ille,iti-ate chil$ren ther than natral in accr$ance !ith Article )5= an$ ther than natral chil$ren

b+ le,al %ictin are entitle$ t s&&rt an$ sch sccessinal ri,hts as are ,rante$ in this C$e. 'n(

Art. );;. Binr chil$ren -entine$ in the &rece$in, article are n$er the &arental athrit+ % the -ther. 'n(

Art. );=. In#esti,atin % the &aternit+ r -aternit+ % chil$ren -entine$ in the ) &rece$in, articles is

&er-itte$ n$er the circ-stances s&eci%ie$ in Articles );2 an$ );4. 'n(



Title I<. - S%PPORT

Art. )=>. S&&rt is e#er+thin, that is in$is&ensable %r sstenance $!ellin, clthin, an$ -e$ical atten$ance

accr$in, t the scial &sitin % the %a-il+.

S&&rt als incl$es the e$catin % the &ersn entitle$ t be s&&rte$ ntil he c-&letes his e$catin r

trainin, %r s-e &r%essin tra$e r #catin e#en be+n$ the a,e % -a6rit+. '1)4a(

Art. )=1. The %ll!in, are bli,e$ t s&&rt each ther t the !hle e3tent set %rth in the &rece$in, article

'1( The s&ses?

')( Le,iti-ate ascen$ants an$ $escen$ants?

'2( Parents an$ ackn!le$,e$ natral chil$ren an$ the le,iti-ate r ille,iti-ate $escen$ants % the latter?

'4( Parents an$ natral chil$ren b+ le,al %ictin an$ the le,iti-ate an$ ille,iti-ate $escen$ants % the latter?

'*( Parents an$ ille,iti-ate chil$ren !h are nt natral.

rthers an$ sisters !e their le,iti-ate an$ natral brthers an$ sisters alth,h the+ are nl+ % the hal%9

bl$ the necessaries %r li%e !hen b+ a &h+sical r -ental $e%ect r an+ ther case nt i-&table t the

reci&ients the latter cannt secre their sbsistence. This assistance incl$es in a &r&er case e3&enses

necessar+ %r ele-entar+ e$catin an$ %r &r%essinal r #catinal trainin,. '142a(

Art. )=). Drin, the &rcee$in,s %r le,al se&aratin r %r annl-ent % -arria,e the s&ses an$ chil$ren

shall be s&&rte$ %r- the cn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+. A%ter the %inal 6$,-ent % le,al se&aratin r %

annl-ent % -arria,e the bli,atin % -tal s&&rt bet!een the s&ses ceases. H!e#er in case %le,al se&aratin the crt -a+ r$er that the ,ilt+ s&se shall ,i#e s&&rt t the inncent ne the

6$,-ent s&eci%+in, the ter-s % sch r$er. 'n(

Art. )=2. In an actin %r le,al se&aratin r annl-ent % -arria,e attrne+@s %ees an$ e3&enses %r liti,atin

shall be char,e$ t the cn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+ nless the actin %ails. 'n(

Art. )=4. The clai- %r s&&rt !hen &r&er an$ ) r -re &ersns are bli,e$ t ,i#e it shall be -a$e in the%ll!in, r$er

'1( Fr- the s&se?')( Fr- the $escen$ants % the nearest $e,ree?

'2( Fr- the ascen$ants als % the nearest $e,ree?'4( Fr- the brthers an$ sisters.

A-n, $escen$ants an$ ascen$ants the r$er in !hich the+ are calle$ t the intestate sccessin % the

&ersn !h has a ri,ht t clai- s&&rt shall be bser#e$. '144(

Art. )=*. :hen the bli,atin t ,i#e s&&rt %alls &n ) r -re &ersns the &a+-ent % the sa-e shall be

$i#i$e$ bet!een the- in &r&rtin t the resrces % each.

H!e#er in case % r,ent nee$ an$ b+ s&ecial circ-stances the 6$,e -a+ r$er nl+ ne % the- t%rnish the s&&rt &r#isinall+ !itht &re6$ice t his ri,ht t clai- %r- the ther bli,rs the share $e

%r- the-.

:hen ) r -re reci&ients at the sa-e ti-e clai- s&&rt %r- ne an$ the sa-e &ersn le,all+ bli,e$ t

,i#e it an$ the latter shl$ nt ha#e s%%icient -eans t satis%+ all the r$er establishe$ in the &rece$in,article shall be %ll!e$ nless the cncrrent bli,ees shl$ be the s&se an$ a chil$ sb6ect t &arental

athrit+ in !hich case the latter shall be &re%erre$. '14*(

Art. )=5. The a-nt % s&&rt in the cases re%erre$ t in the %i#e n-bers % article )=1 shall be in

&r&rtin t the resrces r -eans % the ,i#er an$ t the necessities % the reci&ient. '145a(

Art. )=7. S&&rt in the cases re%erre$ t in the &rece$in, article shall be re$ce$ r increase$ &r&rtinatel+

accr$in, t the re$ctin r increase % the nee$s % the reci&ient an$ the resrces % the &ersn bli,e$ t%rnish the sa-e. '147(

Art. )=;. The bli,atin t ,i#e s&&rt shall be $e-an$able %r- the ti-e the &ersn !h has a ri,ht t

recei#e the sa-e nee$s it %r -aintenance bt it shall nt be &ai$ e3ce&t %r- the $ate it is e3tra6$iciall+

$e-an$e$.

Pa+-ent shall be -a$e -nthl+ in a$#ance an$ !hen the reci&ient $ies his heirs shall nt be bli,e$ t

retrn !hat he has recei#e$ in a$#ance. '14;a(

Art. )==. The &ersn bli,e$ t ,i#e s&&rt -a+ at his &tin %l%ill his bli,atin either b+ &a+in, the

all!ance %i3e$ r b+ recei#in, an$ -aintainin, in his hse the &ersn !h has a ri,ht t recei#e s&&rt.The latter alternati#e cannt be a#aile$ % in case there is a -ral r le,al bstacle theret. '14=a(

Art. 2>>. The bli,atin t %rnish s&&rt ceases &n the $eath % the bli,r e#en i% he -a+ be bn$ t

,i#e it in c-&liance !ith a %inal 6$,-ent. '1*>(

Art. 2>1. The ri,ht t recei#e s&&rt cannt be rennce$? nr can it be trans-itte$ t a thir$ &ersn. Neither

can it be c-&ensate$ !ith !hat the reci&ient !es the bli,r.



H!e#er s&&rt in arrears -a+ be c-&ensate$ an$ rennce$ an$ the ri,ht t $e-an$ the sa-e -a+ be

trans-itte$ b+ ners r ,ratits title. '1*1(

Art. 2>). Neither the ri,ht t recei#e le,al s&&rt nr an+ -ne+ r &r&ert+ btaine$ as sch s&&rt r an+&ensin r ,ratit+ %r- the ,#ern-ent is sb6ect t attach-ent r e3ectin. 'n(

Art. 2>2. The bli,atin t ,i#e s&&rt shall als cease

'1( U&n the $eath % the reci&ient?

')( :hen the resrces % the bli,r ha#e been re$ce$ t the &int !here he cannt ,i#e the s&&rt

!itht ne,lectin, his !n nee$s an$ thse % his %a-il+?

'2( :hen the reci&ient -a+ en,a,e in a tra$e &r%essin r in$str+ r has btaine$ !rk r has i-&r#e$his %rtne in sch a !a+ that he n ln,er nee$s the all!ance %r his sbsistence?

'4( :hen the reci&ient be he a %rce$ heir r nt has c--itte$ s-e act !hich ,i#es rise t $isinheritance?'*( :hen the reci&ient is a $escen$ant brther r sister % the bli,r an$ the nee$ %r s&&rt is case$ b+

his r her ba$ cn$ct r b+ the lack % a&&licatin t !rk s ln, as this case sbsists. '1*)a(

Art. 2>4. The %re,in, &r#isins shall be a&&licable t ther cases !here in #irte % this C$e r % an+

ther la! b+ !ill r b+ sti&latin there is a ri,ht t recei#e s&&rt sa#e !hat is sti&late$ r$ere$ b+ thetestatr r &r#i$e$ b+ la! %r the s&ecial case. '1*2a(



Title <. - &%NERALS 9n:

Art. 2>*. The $t+ an$ the ri,ht t -ake arran,e-ents %r the %neral % a relati#e shall be in accr$ance !ith

the r$er establishe$ %r s&&rt n$er Article )=4. In case % $escen$ants % the sa-e $e,ree r % brthers

an$ sisters the l$est shall be &re%erre$. In case % ascen$ants the &aternal shall ha#e a better ri,ht.

Art. 2>5. E#er+ %neral shall be in kee&in, !ith the scial &sitin % the $ecease$.

Art. 2>7. The %neral shall be in accr$ance !ith the e3&resse$ !ishes % the $ecease$. In the absence % sch

e3&ressin his reli,is belie%s r a%%iliatin shall $eter-ine the %neral rites. In case % $bt the %r- % the%neral shall be $eci$e$ &n b+ the &ersn bli,e$ t -ake arran,e-ents %r the sa-e a%ter cnsltin, the

ther -e-bers % the %a-il+.

Art. 2>;. N h-an re-ains shall be retaine$ interre$ $is&se$ % r e3h-e$ !itht the cnsent % the

&ersns -entine$ in articles )=4 an$ 2>*.

Art. 2>=. An+ &ersn !h sh!s $isres&ect t the $ea$ r !rn,%ll+ inter%eres !ith a %neral shall be liable t

the %a-il+ % the $ecease$ %r $a-a,es -aterial an$ -ral.

Art. 21>. The cnstrctin % a t-bstne r -asle- shall be $ee-e$ a &art % the %neral e3&enses an$

shall be char,eable t the cn6,al &artnershi& &r&ert+ i% the $ecease$ is ne % the s&ses.



Title <I. - PARENTAL A%T!ORITY


Art. 211. The %ather an$ -ther 6intl+ e3ercise &arental athrit+ #er their le,iti-ate chil$ren !h are nt

e-anci&ate$. In case % $isa,ree-ent the %ather@s $ecisin shall &re#ail nless there is a 6$icial r$er t the

cntrar+.

Chil$ren are bli,e$ t be+ their &arents s ln, as the+ are n$er &arental &!er an$ t bser#e res&ect

an$ re#erence t!ar$ the- al!a+s.

Rec,ni0e$ natral an$ a$&te$ chil$ren !h are n$er the a,e % -a6rit+ are n$er the &arental athrit+ %

the %ather r -ther rec,ni0in, r a$&tin, the- an$ are n$er the sa-e bli,atin state$ in the &rece$in,

&ara,ra&h.

Natral chil$ren b+ le,al %ictin are n$er the 6int athrit+ % the %ather an$ -ther as &r#i$e$ in the %irst&ara,ra&h % this article. '1*4a(

Art. 21). /ran$&arents shall be cnslte$ b+ all -e-bers % the %a-il+ n all i-&rtant %a-il+ 8estins. 'n(

Art. 212. Parental athrit+ cannt be rennce$ r trans%erre$ e3ce&t in cases % ,ar$ianshi& r a$&tin

a&&r#e$ b+ the crts r e-anci&atin b+ cncessin.

The crts -a+ in cases s&eci%ie$ b+ la! $e&ri#e &arents % their athrit+. 'n(

Art. 214. A %n$lin, shall be n$er the &arental athrit+ % the &ersn r instittin that has reare$ the

sa-e. 'n(

Art. 21*. N $escen$ant can be c-&elle$ in a cri-inal case t testi%+ a,ainst his &arents an$ ascen$ants.

'n(

CHAPTER 2. EFFECT OF PARENTAL AUTHORIT! UPON THE PERSONS OF THE

CHILDREN

Art. 215. The %ather an$ the -ther ha#e !ith res&ect t their ne-anci&ate$ chil$ren

'1( The $t+ t s&&rt the- t ha#e the- in their c-&an+ e$cate an$ instrct the- in kee&in, !ith their

-eans an$ t re&resent the- in all actins !hich -a+ re$n$ t their bene%it?

')( The &!er t crrect the- an$ t &nish the- -$eratel+. '1**(

Art. 217. The crts -a+ a&&int a ,ar$ian % the chil$@ s &r&ert+ r a ,ar$ian a$ lite- !hen the best

interest % the chil$ s re8ires. 'n(

Art. 21;. U&n case bein, sh!n b+ the &arents the lcal -a+r -a+ ai$ the- in the e3ercise % theirathrit+ #er the chil$. I% the chil$ is t be ke&t in a chil$ren@s h-e r si-ilar instittin %r nt -re than

ne -nth an r$er % the 6stice % the &eace r -nici&al 6$,e shall be necessar+ a%ter $e hearin,

!here the chil$ shall be hear$. Fr his &r&se the crt -a+ a&&int a ,ar$ian a$ lite-. '1*5a(

Art. 21=. The %ather an$ the -ther shall satis%+ the s&&rt %r the $etaine$ chil$? bt the+ shall nt ha#e an+inter#entin in the re,i-e % the instittin !here the chil$ is $etaine$. The+ -a+ li%t the $etentin !hen the+

$ee- it &&rtne !ith the a&&r#al % the crt. '1*;a(

CHAPTER 3. EFFECT OF PARENTAL AUTHORIT! ON THE PROPERT! OF THE

CHILDREN

Art. 2)>. The %ather r in his absence the -ther is the le,al a$-inistratr % the &r&ert+ &ertainin, t the

chil$ n$er &arental athrit+. I% the &r&ert+ is !rth -re than ) thsan$ &ess the %ather r -ther shall,i#e a bn$ sb6ect t the a&&r#al % the CFI. '1*=a(

Art. 2)1. The &r&ert+ !hich the ne-anci&ate$ chil$ has ac8ire$ r -a+ ac8ire !ith his !rk r in$str+r b+ an+ lcrati#e title beln,s t the chil$ in !nershi& an$ in s%rct t the %ather r -ther n$er !h-

he is n$er &arental athrit+ an$ in !hse c-&an+ he li#es? bt i% the chil$ !ith the &arent@s cnsentshl$ li#e in$e&en$entl+ %r- the- he shall be cnsi$ere$ as e-anci&ate$ %r all &r&ses relati#e t sai$

&r&ert+ an$ he shall ha#e #er it $-inin s%rct an$ a$-inistratin. '15>(

Art. 2)). A chil$ !h earns -ne+ r ac8ires &r&ert+ !ith his !n !rk r in$str+ shall be entitle$ t a

reasnable all!ance %r- the earnin,s in a$$itin t the e3&enses -a$e b+ the &arents %r his s&&rt an$e$catin. 'n(

Art. 2)2. The %rits an$ interest % the chil$@s &r&ert+ re%erre$ t in article 2)1 shall be a&&lie$ %irst t the

e3&enses %r the s&&rt an$ e$catin % the chil$. A%ter the+ ha#e been %ll+ -et the $ebts % the cn6,al

&artnershi& !hich ha#e re$n$e$ t the bene%it % the %a-il+ -a+ be &ai$ %r- sai$ %rits an$ interest. 'n(



Art. 2)4. :hate#er the chil$ -a+ ac8ire !ith the ca&ital r &r&ert+ % the &arents beln,s t the latter in

!nershi& an$ in s%rct. t i% the &arents shl$ e3&ressl+ ,rant hi- all r &art % the &r%its that he -a+

btain sch &r%its shall nt be char,e$ a,ainst his le,iti-e. '151(

Art. 2)*. The &r&ert+ r inc-e $nate$ be8eathe$ r $e#ise$ t the ne-anci&ate$ chil$ %r the e3&enses

% his e$catin an$ instrctin shall &ertain t hi- in !nershi& an$ s%rct? bt the %ather r -ther shall

a$-inister the sa-e i% in the $natin r testa-entar+ &r#isin the cntrar+ has nt been state$. '15)(

Art. 2)5. :hen the &r&ert+ % the chil$ is !rth -re than ) thsan$ &ess the %ather r -ther shall becnsi$ere$ a ,ar$ian % the chil$@s &r&ert+ sb6ect t the $ties an$ bli,atins % ,ar$ians n$er the

Rles % Crt. 'n(

CHAPTER . EXTINGUISHMENT OF PARENTAL AUTHORIT!

Art. 2)7. Parental athrit+ ter-inates

'1( U&n the $eath % the &arents r % the chil$?

')( U&n e-anci&atin?

'2( U&n a$&tin % the chil$?

'4( U&n the a&&int-ent % a ,eneral ,ar$ian. '157a(

Art. 2);. The -ther !h cntracts a sbse8ent -arria,e lses the &arental athrit+ #er her chil$ren

nless the $ecease$ hsban$ %ather % the latter has e3&ressl+ &r#i$e$ in his !ill that his !i$! -i,ht

-arr+ a,ain an$ has r$ere$ that in sch case she shl$ kee& an$ e3ercise &arental athrit+ #er their

chil$ren.

The crt -a+ als a&&int a ,ar$ian % the chil$@s &r&ert+ in case the %ather shl$ cntract a sbse8ent

-arria,e. '15;a(

Art. 2)=. :hen the -ther % an ille,iti-ate chil$ -arries a -an ther than its %ather the crt -a+ a&&int a

,ar$ian %r the chil$. 'n(

Art. 22>. The %ather an$ in a &r&er case the -ther shall lse athrit+ #er their chil$ren

'1( :hen b+ %inal 6$,-ent in a cri-inal case the &enalt+ % $e&ri#atin % sai$ athrit+ is i-&se$ &n hi-

r her?

')( :hen b+ a %inal 6$,-ent in le,al se&aratin &rcee$in,s sch lss % athrit+ is $eclare$. '15=a(

Art. 221. Parental athrit+ is ss&en$e$ b+ the inca&acit+ r absence % the %ather r in a &r&er case % the

-ther 6$iciall+ $eclare$ an$ als b+ ci#il inter$ictin. '17>(

Art. 22). The crts -a+ $e&ri#e the &arents % their athrit+ r ss&en$ the e3ercise % the sa-e i% the+

shl$ treat their chil$ren !ith e3cessi#e harshness r shl$ ,i#e the- crr&tin, r$ers cnsels re3a-&les r shl$ -ake the- be, r aban$n the-. In these cases the crts -a+ als $e&ri#e the &arents

in !hle r in &art % the s%rct #er the chil$@s &r&ert+ r a$&t sch -easres as the+ -a+ $ee-a$#isable in the interest % the chil$. '171a(

Art. 222. I% the !i$!e$ -ther !h has cntracte$ a sbse8ent -arria,e shl$ a,ain bec-e a !i$! sheshall rec#er %r- this --ent her &arental athrit+ #er all her ne-anci&ate$ chil$ren. '17)(

CHAPTER #. ADOPTION

Art. 224. E#er+ &ersn % a,e !h is in %ll &ssessin % his ci#il ri,hts -a+ a$&t. '172a(

Art. 22*. The %ll!in, cannt a$&t

'1( Thse !h ha#e le,iti-ate le,iti-ate$ ackn!le$,e$ natral chil$ren r natral chil$ren b+ le,al %ictin?

')( The ,ar$ian !ith res&ect t the !ar$ be%re the %inal a&&r#al % his accnts?

'2( A -arrie$ &ersn !itht the cnsent % the ther s&se?'4( Nn9resi$ent aliens?'*( Resi$ent aliens !ith !hse ,#ern-ent the Re&blic % the Phili&&ines has brken $i&l-atic relatins?

'5( An+ &ersn !h has been cn#icte$ % a cri-e in#l#in, -ral tr&it$e !hen the &enalt+ i-&se$ !as 5

-nths@ i-&risn-ent r -re. '174a(

Art. 225. The hsban$ an$ !i%e -a+ 6intl+ a$&t. Parental athrit+ shall in sch case be e3ercise$ as i% thechil$ !ere their !n b+ natre. 'n(

Art. 227. An+ &ersn e#en i% % a,e -a+ be a$&te$ &r#i$e$ the a$&ter is 15 +ears l$er. '172a(

Art. 22;. The %ll!in, -a+ be a$&te$

'1( The natral chil$ b+ the natral %ather r -ther?')( Other ille,iti-ate chil$ren b+ the %ather r -ther?

'2( A ste&9chil$ b+ the ste&9%ather r ste&9-ther. 'n(

Art. 22=. The %ll!in, cannt be a$&te$

'1( A -arrie$ &ersn !itht the !ritten cnsent % the ther s&se?



')( An alien !ith !hse ,#ern-ent the Re&blic % the Phili&&ines has brken $i&l-atic relatins?

'2( A &ersn !h has alrea$+ been a$&te$. 'n(

Art. 24>. The !ritten cnsent % the %ll!in, t the a$&tin shall be necessar+

'1( The &ersn t be a$&te$ i% 14 +ears % a,e r #er?

')( The &arents ,ar$ian r &ersn in char,e % the &ersn t be a$&te$. 'n(

Art. 241. The a$&tin shall

'1( /i#e t the a$&te$ &ersn the sa-e ri,hts an$ $ties as i% he !ere a le,iti-ate chil$ % the a$&ter')( Dissl#e the athrit+ #este$ in the &arents b+ natre?

'2( Bake the a$&te$ &ersn a le,al heir % the a$&ter?

'4( Entitle the a$&te$ &ersn t se the a$&ter@s srna-e. 'n(

Art. 24). The a$&ter shall nt be a le,al heir % the a$&te$ &ersn !hse &arents b+ natre shall inherit%r- hi-. '177a(

Art. 242. I% the a$&ter is sr#i#e$ b+ le,iti-ate &arents r ascen$ants an$ b+ an a$&te$ &ersn the latter

shall nt ha#e -re sccessinal ri,hts than an ackn!le$,e$ natral chil$. 'n(

Art. 244. The a$&ter -a+ $nate &r&ert+ b+ an act inter #i#s r b+ !ill t the a$&te$ &ersn !h shall

ac8ire !nershi& there%. 'n(

Art. 24*. The &rcee$in,s %r a$&tin shall be ,#erne$ b+ the Rles % Crt ins%ar as the+ are nt incn%lict !ith this C$e. 'n(

Art. 245. The a$&tin shall be recr$e$ in the lcal ci#il re,ister. '17=a(

Art. 247. A -inr r ther inca&acitate$ &ersn -a+ thr,h a ,ar$ian a$ lite- ask %r the rescissin % the

a$&tin n the sa-e ,rn$s that case the lss % &arental athrit+. 'n(

Art. 24;. The a$&ter -a+ &etitin the crt %r re#catin % the a$&tin in an+ % these cases

'1( I% the a$&te$ &ersn has atte-&te$ a,ainst the li%e % the a$&ter?')( :hen the a$&te$ -inr has aban$ne$ the h-e % the a$&ter %r -re than 2 +ears?

'2( :hen b+ ther acts the a$&te$ &ersn has $e%initel+ re&$iate$ the a$&tin. 'n(

CHAPTER $. SUBSTITUTE PARENTAL AUTHORIT! (n)

Art. 24=. The %ll!in, &ersns shall e3ercise sbstitte &arental athrit+

'1( /ar$ians?

')( Teachers an$ &r%essrs?'2( Hea$s % chil$ren@s h-es r&hana,es an$ si-ilar instittins?

'4( Directrs % tra$e establish-ents !ith re,ar$ t a&&rentices?

'*( /ran$&arents?

'5( The l$est brther r sister.

Art. 2*>. The &ersns na-e$ in the &rece$in, article shall e3ercise reasnable s&er#isin #er the cn$ct %

the chil$.

Art. 2*1. A ,eneral ,ar$ian r a ,ar$ian #er the &ersn shall ha#e the sa-e athrit+ #er the !ar$@s

&ersn as the &arents. :ith re,ar$ t the chil$@s &r&ert+ the Rles % Crt n ,ar$ianshi& shall ,#ern.

Art. 2*). The relatins bet!een teacher an$ &&il &r%essr an$ st$ent are %i3e$ b+ ,#ern-ent re,latins

an$ thse % each schl r instittin. In n case shall cr&ral &nish-ent be cntenance$. The teacher r&r%essr shall clti#ate the best &tentialities % the heart an$ -in$ % the &&il r st$ent.

Art. 2*2. A&&rentices shall be treate$ h-anel+. N cr&ral &nish-ent a,ainst the a&&rentice shall be

&er-itte$.

Art. 2*4. /ran$&arents an$ in their $e%alt the l$est brther r sister shall e3ercise &arental athrit+ in case

% $eath r absence % the chil$@s &arents. I% the &arents are li#in, r i% the chil$ is n$er ,ar$ianshi& the

,ran$&arents -a+ ,i#e a$#ice an$ cnsel t the chil$ t the &arents r t the ,ar$ian.

Art. 2**. Sbstitte &arental athrit+ shall be e3ercise$ b+ the ,ran$&arents in the %ll!in, r$er

'1( Paternal ,ran$&arents?')( Baternal ,ran$&arents.



Title <II. - CARE AN" E"%CATION O& C!IL"REN

Art. 2*5. E#er+ chil$

'1( Is entitle$ t &arental care?')( Shall recei#e at least ele-entar+ e$catin?

'2( Shall be ,i#en -ral an$ ci#ic trainin, b+ the &arents r ,ar$ian?'4( Has a ri,ht t li#e in an at-s&here cn$ci#e t his &h+sical -ral an$ intellectal $e#el&-ent.

Art. 2*7. E#er+ chil$ shall

'1( Obe+ an$ hnr his &arents r ,ar$ian?

')( Res&ect his ,ran$&arents l$ relati#es an$ &ersns hl$in, sbstitte &arental athrit+?

'2( E3ert his t-st %r his e$catin an$ trainin,?

'4( C&erate !ith the %a-il+ in all -atters that -ake %r the ,$ % the sa-e.

Art. 2*;. E#er+ &arent an$ e#er+ &ersn hl$in, sbstitte &arental athrit+ shall see t it that the ri,hts %

the chil$ are res&ecte$ an$ his $ties c-&lie$ !ith an$ shall &articlarl+ b+ &rece&t an$ e3a-&le i-be the

chil$ !ith hi,h -in$e$ness l#e % cntr+ #eneratin %r the natinal heres %i$elit+ t $e-crac+ as a !a+

% li%e an$ attach-ent t the i$eal % &er-anent !rl$ &eace.

Art. 2*=. The ,#ern-ent &r-tes the %ll ,r!th % the %aclties % e#er+ chil$. Fr this &r&se the

,#ern-ent !ill establish !hene#er &ssible

'1( Schls in e#er+ barri -nici&alit+ an$ cit+ !here &tinal reli,is instrctin shall be ta,ht as &art %the crricl- at the &tin % the &arent r ,ar$ian?')( Pericltre an$ si-ilar centers?

'2( Cncils %r the Prtectin % Chil$ren? an$

'4( <#enile crts.

Art. 25>. The Cncil %r the Prtectin % Chil$ren shall lk a%ter the !el%are % chil$ren in the -nici&alit+. Itshall a-n, ther %nctins

'1( Fster the e$catin % e#er+ chil$ in the -nici&alit+?')( Encra,e the clti#atin % the $ties % &arents?

'2( Prtect an$ assist aban$ne$ r -istreate$ chil$ren an$ r&hans?'4( Take ste&s t &re#ent 6#enile $elin8enc+?

'*( A$&t -easres %r the health % chil$ren?'5( Pr-te the &enin, an$ -aintenance % &la+,rn$s?

'7( Cr$inate the acti#ities % r,ani0atins $e#te$ t the !el%are % chil$ren an$ secre their c&eratin.

Art. 251. <#enile crts !ill be establishe$ as %ar as &racticable in e#er+ chartere$ cit+ r lar,e -nici&alit+.

Art. 25). :hene#er a chil$ is %n$ $elin8ent b+ an+ crt the %ather -ther r ,ar$ian -a+ in a &r&er

case be 6$iciall+ a$-nishe$.

Art. 252. In all 8estins n the care cst$+ e$catin an$ &r&ert+ % chil$ren the latter@s !el%are shall be

&ara-nt. N -ther shall be se&arate$ %r- her chil$ n$er 7 +ears % a,e nless the crt %in$s

c-&ellin, reasns %r sch -easre.



Title <III. - %SE O& S%RNAMES 9n:

Art. 254. Le,iti-ate an$ le,iti-ate$ chil$ren shall &rinci&all+ se the srna-e % the %ather.

Art. 25*. An a$&te$ chil$ shall bear the srna-e % the a$&ter.

Art. 255. A natral chil$ ackn!le$,e$ b+ bth &arents shall &rinci&all+ se the srna-e % the %ather. I%

rec,ni0e$ b+ nl+ ne % the &arents a natral chil$ shall e-&l+ the srna-e % the rec,ni0in, &arent.

Art. 257. Natral chil$ren b+ le,al %ictin shall &rinci&all+ e-&l+ the srna-e % the %ather.

Art. 25;. Ille,iti-ate chil$ren re%erre$ t in Article );7 shall bear the srna-e % the -ther.

Art. 25=. Chil$ren cncei#e$ be%re the $ecree annllin, a #i$able -arria,e shall &rinci&all+ se the srna-e

% the %ather.

Art. 27>. A -arrie$ !-an -a+ se

'1( Her -ai$en %irst na-e an$ srna-e an$ a$$ her hsban$@s srna-e r')( Her -ai$en %irst na-e an$ her hsban$@s srna-e r

'2( Her hsban$@s %ll na-e bt &re%i3in, a !r$ in$icatin, that she is his !i%e sch as "Brs."

Art. 271. In case % annl-ent % -arria,e an$ the !i%e is the ,ilt+ &art+ she shall res-e her -ai$en na-e

an$ srna-e. I% she is the inncent s&se she -a+ res-e her -ai$en na-e an$ srna-e. H!e#er she-a+ chse t cntine e-&l+in, her %r-er hsban$@s srna-e nless

'1( The crt $ecrees ther!ise r

')( She r the %r-er hsban$ is -arrie$ a,ain t anther &ersn.

Art. 27). :hen le,al se&aratin has been ,rante$ the !i%e shall cntine sin, her na-e an$ srna-e

e-&l+e$ be%re the le,al se&aratin.

Art. 272. A !i$! -a+ se the $ecease$ hsban$@s srna-e as th,h he !ere still li#in, in accr$ance !ithArticle 27>.

Art. 274. In case % i$entit+ % na-es an$ srna-es the +n,er &ersn shall be bli,e$ t se sch

a$$itinal na-e r srna-e as !ill a#i$ cn%sin.

Art. 27*. In case % i$entit+ % na-es an$ srna-es bet!een ascen$ants an$ $escen$ants the !r$ "<nir"

can be se$ nl+ b+ a sn. /ran$sns an$ ther $irect -ale $escen$ants shall either

'1( A$$ a -i$$le na-e r the -ther@s srna-e r

')( A$$ the R-an N-erals II III an$ s n.

Art. 275. N &ersn can chan,e his na-e r srna-e !itht 6$icial athrit+.

Art. 277. Usr&atin % a na-e an$ srna-e -a+ be the sb6ect % an actin %r $a-a,es an$ ther relie%.

Art. 27;. The nathri0e$ r nla!%l se % anther &ersn@s srna-e ,i#es a ri,ht % actin t the latter.

Art. 27=. The e-&l+-ent % &en na-es r sta,e na-es is &er-itte$ &r#i$e$ it is $ne in ,$ %aith an$

there is n in6r+ t thir$ &ersns. Pen na-es an$ sta,e na-es cannt be sr&e$.

Art. 2;>. E3ce&t as &r#i$e$ in the &rece$in, article n &ersn shall se $i%%erent na-es an$ srna-es.



Title <IV. - ABSENCE

CHAPTER 1. PROVISIONAL MEASURES IN CASE OF ABSENCE

Art. 2;1. :hen a &ersn $isa&&ears %r- his $-icile his !hereabts bein, nkn!n an$ !itht lea#in, an

a,ent t a$-inister his &r&ert+ the 6$,e at the instance % an intereste$ &art+ a relati#e r a %rien$ -a+

a&&int a &ersn t re&resent hi- in all that -a+ be necessar+.

This sa-e rle shall be bser#e$ !hen n$er si-ilar circ-stances the &!er cn%erre$ b+ the absentee has

e3&ire$. '1;1a(

Art. 2;). The a&&int-ent re%erre$ t in the &rece$in, article ha#in, been -a$e the 6$,e shall take the

necessar+ -easres t sa%e,ar$ the ri,hts an$ interests % the absentee an$ shall s&eci%+ the &!ers

bli,atins an$ re-neratin % his re&resentati#e re,latin, the- accr$in, t the circ-stances b+ the

rles cncernin, ,ar$ians. '1;)(

Art. 2;2. In the a&&int-ent % a re&resentati#e the s&se &resent shall be &re%erre$ !hen there is n le,al

se&aratin.

I% the absentee le%t n s&se r i% the s&se &resent is a -inr an+ c-&etent &ersn -a+ be a&&inte$ b+

the crt. '1;2a(

CHAPTER 2. DECLARATION OF ABSENCE Art. 2;4. ) +ears ha#in, ela&se$ !itht an+ ne!s abt the absentee r since the recei&t % the last ne!s

an$ %i#e +ears in case the absentee has le%t a &ersn in char,e % the a$-inistratin % his &r&ert+ his

absence -a+ be $eclare$. '1;4(

Art. 2;*. The %ll!in, -a+ ask %r the $eclaratin % absence

'1( The s&se &resent?')( The heirs institte$ in a !ill !h -a+ &resent an athentic c&+ % the sa-e?

'2( The relati#es !h -a+ sccee$ b+ the la! % intestac+?

'4( Thse !h -a+ ha#e #er the &r&ert+ % the absentee s-e ri,ht sbr$inate$ t the cn$itin % his

$eath. '1;*(

Art. 2;5. The 6$icial $eclaratin % absence shall nt take e%%ect ntil 5 -nths a%ter its &blicatin in a

ne!s&a&er % ,eneral circlatin. '1;5a(

CHAPTER 3. ADMINISTRATION OF THE PROPERT! OF THE ABSENTEE

Art. 2;7. An a$-inistratr % the absentee@s &r&ert+ shall be a&&inte$ in accr$ance !ith Article 2;2. '1;7a(

Art. 2;;. The !i%e !h is a&&inte$ as an a$-inistratri3 % the hsban$@s &r&ert+ cannt alienate r

enc-ber the hsban$@s &r&ert+ r that % the cn6,al &artnershi& !itht 6$icial athrit+. '1;;a(

Art. 2;=. The a$-inistratin shall cease in an+ % the %ll!in, cases

'1( :hen the absentee a&&ears &ersnall+ r b+ -eans % an a,ent?

')( :hen the $eath % the absentee is &r#e$ an$ his testate r intestate heirs a&&ear?

'2( :hen a thir$ &ersn a&&ears sh!in, b+ a &r&er $c-ent that he has ac8ire$ the absentee@s &r&ert+b+ &rchase r ther title.

In these cases the a$-inistratr shall cease in the &er%r-ance % his %%ice an$ the &r&ert+ shall be at the

$is&sal % thse !h -a+ ha#e a ri,ht theret. '1=>(

CHAPTER . PRESUMPTION OF DEATH

Art. 2=>. A%ter an absence % 7 +ears it bein, nkn!n !hether r nt the absentee still li#es he shall be

&res-e$ $ea$ %r all &r&ses e3ce&t %r thse % sccessin.

The absentee shall nt be &res-e$ $ea$ %r the &r&se % &enin, his sccessin till a%ter an absence % 1>

+ears. I% he $isa&&eare$ a%ter the a,e % 7* +ears an absence % %i#e +ears shall be s%%icient in r$er that hissccessin -a+ be &ene$. 'n(

Art. 2=1. The %ll!in, shall be &res-e$ $ea$ %r all &r&ses incl$in, the $i#isin % the estate a-n, theheirs

'1( A &ersn n bar$ a #essel lst $rin, a sea #+a,e r an aer&lane !hich is -issin, !h has nt been

hear$ % %r %r +ears since the lss % the #essel r aer&lane?

')( A &ersn in the ar-e$ %rces !h has taken &art in !ar an$ has been -issin, %r %r +ears?'2( A &ersn !h has been in $an,er % $eath n$er ther circ-stances an$ his e3istence has nt been

kn!n %r %r +ears. 'n(



Art. 2=). I% the absentee a&&ears r !itht a&&earin, his e3istence is &r#e$ he shall rec#er his &r&ert+ in

the cn$itin in !hich it -a+ be %n$ an$ the &rice % an+ &r&ert+ that -a+ ha#e been alienate$ r the

&r&ert+ ac8ire$ there!ith? bt he cannt clai- either %rits r rents. '1=4(

CHAPTER #. EFFECT OF ABSENCE UPON THE CONTINGENT RIGHTS OF THE

ABSENTEE

Art. 2=2. :he#er clai-s a ri,ht &ertainin, t a &ersn !hse e3istence is nt rec,ni0e$ -st &r#e that he!as li#in, at the ti-e his e3istence !as necessar+ in r$er t ac8ire sai$ ri,ht. '1=*(

Art. 2=4. :itht &re6$ice t the &r#isin % the &rece$in, article &n the &enin, % a sccessin t !hich

an absentee is calle$ his share shall accre t his c9heirs nless he has heirs assi,ns r a re&resentati#e.

The+ shall all as the case -a+ be -ake an in#entr+ % the &r&ert+. '1=5a(

Art. 2=*. The &r#isins % the &rece$in, article are n$erst$ t be !itht &re6$ice t the actin % &etitin%r inheritance r ther ri,hts !hich are #este$ in the absentee his re&resentati#es r sccessrs in interest.

These ri,hts shall nt be e3tin,ishe$ sa#e b+ la&se % ti-e %i3e$ %r &rescri&tin. In the recr$ that is -a$e in

the Re,istr+ % the real estate !hich accres t the cheirs the circ-stance % its bein, sb6ect t the

&r#isins % this article shall be state$. '1=7(

Art. 2=5. Thse !h -a+ ha#e entere$ &n the inheritance shall a&&r&riate the %rits recei#e$ in ,$ %aith

s ln, as the absentee $es nt a&&ear r !hile his re&resentati#es r sccessrs in interest $ nt brin, the&r&er actins. '1=;(



Title <V. - EMANCIPATION AN" A#E O& MA;ORITY

CHAPTER 1. EMANCIPATION

Art. 2=7. E-anci&atin takes &lace

'1( + the -arria,e % the -inr?')( + the attain-ent % -a6rit+?

'2( + the cncessin % the %ather r % the -ther !h e3ercise &arental athrit+. '214(

Art. 2=;. E-anci&atin treate$ % in N. 2 % the &rece$in, article shall be e%%ecte$ in a &blic instr-ent !hichshall be recr$e$ in the Ci#il Re,ister an$ nless s recr$e$ it shall take n e%%ect a,ainst thir$ &ersns.

'215a(

Art. 2==. E-anci&atin b+ -arria,e r b+ #lntar+ cncessin shall ter-inate &arental athrit+ #er the

chil$@s &ersn. It shall enable the -inr t a$-inister his &r&ert+ as th,h he !ere % a,e bt he canntbrr! -ne+ r alienate r enc-ber real &r&ert+ !itht the cnsent % his %ather r -ther r ,ar$ian.

He can se an$ be se$ in crt nl+ !ith the assistance % his %ather -ther r ,ar$ian. '217a(

Art. 4>>. In r$er that e-anci&atin b+ cncessin % the %ather r % the -ther -a+ take &lace it is re8ire$

that the -inr be 1; +ears % a,e an$ that he ,i#e his cnsent theret. '21;(

Art. 4>1. E-anci&atin is %inal r irre#cable. '21=a(

CHAPTER 2. AGE OF MAJORIT!

Art. 4>). Ba6rit+ c--ences &n the attain-ent % the a,e % )1 +ears.

The &ersn !h has reache$ -a6rit+ is 8ali%ie$ %r all acts % ci#il li%e sa#e the e3ce&tins establishe$ b+ thisC$e in s&ecial cases. '2)>a(

Art. 4>2. Nt!ithstan$in, the &r#isins % the &rece$in, article a $a,hter ab#e )1 bt bel! )2 +ears %

a,e cannt lea#e the &arental h-e !itht the cnsent % the %ather r -ther in !hse c-&an+ she li#es

e3ce&t t bec-e a !i%e r !hen she e3ercises a &r%essin r callin, r !hen the %ather r -ther hascntracte$ a sbse8ent -arria,e. '2)1a(

Art. 4>4. An r&han !h is -inr -a+ at the instance % an+ relati#e r ther &ersn btain e-anci&atin b+

cncessin &n an r$er % the CFI. '2))a(

Art. 4>*. Fr the cncessin an$ a&&r#al re%erre$ t in the &rece$in, article it is necessar+

'1( That the -inr be 1; +ears % a,e?

')( That he cnsent theret? an$'2( That the cncessin be $ee-e$ cn#enient %r the -inr.

The cncessin shall be recr$e$ in the Ci#il Re,ister. '2)2a(

Art. 4>5. The &r#isins % Article 2== are a&&licable t an r&han !h has been e-anci&ate$ accr$in, t

Article 4>4. The crt !ill ,i#e the necessar+ a&&r#al !ith res&ect t the cntracts -entine$ in Article 2==.

In liti,atins a ,ar$ian a$ lite- %r the -inr shall be a&&inte$ b+ the crt. '2)4a(



Title <VI. - CIVIL RE#ISTER

Art. 4>7. Acts e#ents an$ 6$icial $ecrees cncernin, the ci#il stats % &ersns shall be recr$e$ in the ci#il

re,ister. '2)*a(

Art. 4>;. The %ll!in, shall be entere$ in the ci#il re,ister

'1( irths?')( -arria,es?

'2( $eaths?'4( le,al se&aratins?

'*( annl-ents % -arria,e?'5( 6$,-ents $eclarin, -arria,es #i$ %r- the be,innin,?

'7( le,iti-atins?

';( a$&tins?

'=( ackn!le$,-ents % natral chil$ren?

'1>( natrali0atin?

'11( lss r '1)( rec#er+ % citi0enshi&?

'12( ci#il inter$ictin?

'14( 6$icial $eter-inatin % %iliatin?'1*( #lntar+ e-anci&atin % a -inr? an$

'15( chan,es % na-e. '2)5a(

Art. 4>=. In cases % le,al se&aratin a$&tin natrali0atin an$ ther 6$icial r$ers -entine$ in the

&rece$in, article it shall be the $t+ % the clerk % the crt !hich isse$ the $ecree t ascertain !hether thesa-e has been re,istere$ an$ i% this has nt been $ne t sen$ a c&+ % sai$ $ecree t the ci#il re,istr+ %

the cit+ r -nici&alit+ !here the crt is %nctinin,. 'n(

Art. 41>. The bks -akin, & the ci#il re,ister an$ all $c-ents relatin, theret shall be cnsi$ere$ &blic

$c-ents an$ shall be &ri-a %acie e#i$ence % the %acts therein cntaine$. 'n(

Art. 411. E#er+ ci#il re,istrar shall be ci#ill+ res&nsible %r an+ nathri0e$ alteratin -a$e in an+ ci#il

re,ister t an+ &ersn s%%erin, $a-a,e thereb+. H!e#er the ci#il re,istrar -a+ e3e-&t hi-sel% %r- sch

liabilit+ i% he &r#es that he has taken e#er+ reasnable &recatin t &re#ent the nla!%l alteratin. 'n(

Art. 41). N entr+ in a ci#il re,ister shall be chan,e$ r crrecte$ !itht a 6$icial r$er. 'n(

Art. 412. All ther -atters &ertainin, t the re,istratin % ci#il stats shall be ,#erne$ b+ s&ecial la!s. 'n(



The Ci#il C$e % the Phili&&ines.............................................................................................................1PRELIBINAR TITLE.............................................................................................................................1

I. EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF LA:S...............................................................................................1

). HUBAN RELATIONS 'n(.................................................................................................................1

OO I. PERSONS................................................................................................................................2

I. 9 CIVIL PERSONALIT........................................................................................................................21. /ENERAL PROVISIONS..................................................................................................................2

). NATURAL PERSONS......................................................................................................................2

2. <URIDICAL PERSONS....................................................................................................................2II. 9 CITIENSHIP AND DOBICILE..........................................................................................................4

III. 9 BARRIA/E...................................................................................................................................*1. REGUISITES OF BARRIA/E............................................................................................................*

). BARRIA/ES OF ECEPTIONAL CHARACTER......................................................................................5

2. VOID AND VOIDALE BARRIA/ES..................................................................................................7

4. AUTHORIT TO SOLEBNIE BARRIA/ES.........................................................................................;

IV. 9 LE/AL SEPARATION......................................................................................................................=

V. 9 RI/HTS AND OLI/ATIONS ET:EEN HUSAND AND :IFE..............................................................1>

VI. 9 PROPERT RELATIONS ET:EEN HUSAND AND :IFE....................................................................11

1. /ENERAL PROVISIONS................................................................................................................11). DONATIONS REASON OF BARRIA/E.........................................................................................11

2. PARAPHERNAL PROPERT............................................................................................................114. CON<U/AL PARTNERSHIP OF /AINS.............................................................................................11

*. SEPARATION OF PROPERT OF THE SPOUSES AND ADBINISTRATION OF PROPERT THE :IFE

DURIN/ THE BARRIA/E..................................................................................................................12

5. SSTEB OF ASOLUTE COBBUNIT 'n(.........................................................................................14

7. SSTEB OF COBPLETE SEPARATION OF PROPERT 'n(....................................................................1*

VII. 9 THE FABIL 'n(.........................................................................................................................15

1. THE FABIL AS AN INSTITUTION..................................................................................................15

). THE FABIL HOBE 'n(.................................................................................................................152. THE FABIL COUNCIL 'n(............................................................................................................17

VIII. 9 PATERNIT AND FILIATION........................................................................................................1;1. LE/ITIBATE CHILDREN...............................................................................................................1;

). PROOF OF FILIATION OF LE/ITIBATE CHILDREN............................................................................1;

2. LE/ITIBATED CHILDREN.............................................................................................................1;

4. ILLE/ITIBATE CHILDREN.............................................................................................................1=

I. 9 SUPPORT...................................................................................................................................)>. 9 FUNERALS 'n(..............................................................................................................................)1

I. 9 PARENTAL AUTHORIT.................................................................................................................))

1. /ENERAL PROVISIONS................................................................................................................))). EFFECT OF PARENTAL AUTHORIT UPON THE PERSONS OF THE CHILDREN........................................))

2. EFFECT OF PARENTAL AUTHORIT ON THE PROPERT OF THE CHILDREN..........................................))4. ETIN/UISHBENT OF PARENTAL AUTHORIT.................................................................................))

*. ADOPTION.................................................................................................................................)25. SUSTITUTE PARENTAL AUTHORIT 'n(........................................................................................)2

II. 9 CARE AND EDUCATION OF CHILDREN...........................................................................................)4

III. 9 USE OF SURNABES 'n(..............................................................................................................)*

IV. 9 ASENCE.................................................................................................................................)5

1. PROVISIONAL BEASURES IN CASE OF ASENCE.............................................................................)5

). DECLARATION OF ASENCE.........................................................................................................)52. ADBINISTRATION OF THE PROPERT OF THE ASENTEE.................................................................)5

4. PRESUBPTION OF DEATH............................................................................................................)5*. EFFECT OF ASENCE UPON THE CONTIN/ENT RI/HTS OF THE ASENTEE.........................................)5

V. 9 EBANCIPATION AND A/E OF BA<ORIT........................................................................................)71. EBANCIPATION..........................................................................................................................)7

). A/E OF BA<ORIT......................................................................................................................)7

VI. 9 CIVIL RE/ISTER.......................................................................................................................);

civil code (book i)

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