CITRIS CITRIS

James DemmelJames Demmel

EECS and Mathematics Depts.EECS and Mathematics Depts.

University of California at BerkeleyUniversity of California at Berkeleydemmel@cs.berkeley.edudemmel@cs.berkeley.edu

CCenter For enter For IInformation nformation TTechnology echnology RResearch In esearch In The The IInterest Of nterest Of SSocietyociety

CCenter For enter For IInformation nformation TTechnology echnology RResearch In esearch In The The IInterest Of nterest Of SSocietyociety

Major new initiative within the College of Engineering and on the Major new initiative within the College of Engineering and on the Berkeley CampusBerkeley Campus

Joint with UC Santa Cruz, UC Davis, UC MercedJoint with UC Santa Cruz, UC Davis, UC Merced Over 90 faculty from 21 departmentsOver 90 faculty from 21 departments Many industrial partnersMany industrial partners CITRIS will focus on IT solutions to tough, quality-of-life related CITRIS will focus on IT solutions to tough, quality-of-life related

problemsproblems

“Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful committed citizenscan change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”

–Margaret Mead

The CITRIS ModelThe CITRIS Model

Core Core TechnologiesTechnologies

ApplicationsApplications

FoundationsFoundations• Security, PolicySecurity, Policy• Probabilistic SystemsProbabilistic Systems• Formal TechniquesFormal Techniques• Data managementData management• SimulationSimulation

• Distributed Info SystemsDistributed Info Systems• Micro sensors/actuatorsMicro sensors/actuators• Human-Comp InteractionHuman-Comp Interaction• Prototype DeploymentPrototype Deployment

• Quality-of-Life EmphasisQuality-of-Life Emphasis• Initially Leverage ExistingInitially Leverage Existing Expertise on campuses Expertise on campuses

Societal-Scale Information SystemsSocietal-Scale Information Systems(SIS)(SIS)

• Transportation SystemsTransportation Systems• Environmental MonitoringEnvironmental Monitoring & Natural Disaster Mitigation& Natural Disaster Mitigation• Distributed educationDistributed education• Distributed biomonitoringDistributed biomonitoring

Fundamental Underlying ScienceFundamental Underlying Science

CITRIS Initial Research FocusCITRIS Initial Research Focus Transportation SystemsTransportation Systems

By the use of sensors and advanced networking technology we can improve the efficiency and By the use of sensors and advanced networking technology we can improve the efficiency and utility of California highways while reducing pollution levelsutility of California highways while reducing pollution levels

Improve carpooling efficiency using advanced schedulingImprove carpooling efficiency using advanced scheduling Improve freeway utilization by managing traffic flowsImprove freeway utilization by managing traffic flows

Environmental Monitoring & Natural Disaster MitigationEnvironmental Monitoring & Natural Disaster Mitigation Smart BuildingsSmart Buildings Provide efficient, personalized response in the face of earthquake, fire, floodProvide efficient, personalized response in the face of earthquake, fire, flood Must function at maximum performance under very difficult circumstancesMust function at maximum performance under very difficult circumstances Air and water quality monitoringAir and water quality monitoring

Distributed BiomonitoringDistributed Biomonitoring Wristband biomonitors for chronic illness and the elderlyWristband biomonitors for chronic illness and the elderly Monitored remotely 24x7x365Monitored remotely 24x7x365 Emergency response and potential remote drug deliveryEmergency response and potential remote drug delivery

Distributed EducationDistributed Education Smart ClassroomsSmart Classrooms We are proposing to build a life-long learning center that will be used to implement the first We are proposing to build a life-long learning center that will be used to implement the first

years of the Merced undergraduate CS program and then used for other internal, international, years of the Merced undergraduate CS program and then used for other internal, international, and industrial learning collaborations.and industrial learning collaborations.

eMerging Societal-Scale SystemseMerging Societal-Scale Systems

Scalable, Reliable,Secure Services“Client”

“Server”

Clusters

Massive Cluster

Gigabit Ethernet

New System ArchitecturesNew Enabled ApplicationsDiverse, Connected, Physical,

Virtual, FluidMEMS

BioMonitoring

InformationAppliances

From Nanoscopic to TerascaleFrom Nanoscopic to Terascale

Societal-Scale Information System (SIS)Societal-Scale Information System (SIS) A A revolutionary, planetary-scale Information Utilityrevolutionary, planetary-scale Information Utility, enabling advanced , enabling advanced

technologies to be exploited by broad communities of users.technologies to be exploited by broad communities of users. An SIS An SIS learns how it is used and adapts its functions and interfaceslearns how it is used and adapts its functions and interfaces to user to user

demands and the context of their activitiesdemands and the context of their activities It achieves this through the provision of It achieves this through the provision of ‘fluid technologies’‘fluid technologies’ for plug-and-play for plug-and-play

component interoperation, introspection, dynamic adaptation, component component interoperation, introspection, dynamic adaptation, component self-aggregation and self-organization, and ‘extreme personalization.’self-aggregation and self-organization, and ‘extreme personalization.’

Easily and naturally integrateEasily and naturally integrate devices, ranging from tiny sensors and devices, ranging from tiny sensors and actuators to hand-held information appliances, workstations, and building-actuators to hand-held information appliances, workstations, and building-sized cluster supercomputers—‘virtual computers’ sized cluster supercomputers—‘virtual computers’

Connected by Connected by short-range, unreliable wireless networksshort-range, unreliable wireless networks as well as by very as well as by very high-bandwidth, high-latency long-haul optical backboneshigh-bandwidth, high-latency long-haul optical backbones..

Data and services must be Data and services must be secure, reliable, and high-performancesecure, reliable, and high-performance, even if part , even if part of the system is of the system is overloaded, down, disconnected, under repair, or under overloaded, down, disconnected, under repair, or under attackattack

Pac Bell

IBM

AT&T

CanadianOceanStore

IBM

Sprint

Implementation & Deployment of anImplementation & Deployment of anOceanic Data Information UtilityOceanic Data Information Utility

(Professor John Kubiatowicz, et. al)(Professor John Kubiatowicz, et. al)

Ubiquitous devices Ubiquitous devices require ubiquitous storagerequire ubiquitous storage Consumers of data move, change Consumers of data move, change

access devices, work in many access devices, work in many different physical places, etc.different physical places, etc.

Needed properties:Needed properties: Strong SecurityStrong Security CoherenceCoherence Automatic replica management and Automatic replica management and

optimizationoptimization Simple and automatic recovery from Simple and automatic recovery from

disastersdisasters Utility modelUtility model

Confederations of (Mutually Suspicious) UtilitiesConfederations of (Mutually Suspicious) Utilities

Smart DustSmart DustMEMS-Scale Sensors/Actuators/CommunicatorsMEMS-Scale Sensors/Actuators/Communicators

Create a dynamic, ad-hoc network of power-aware sensorsCreate a dynamic, ad-hoc network of power-aware sensors Explore system design issuesExplore system design issues Provide a platform to test Dust componentsProvide a platform to test Dust components Use off the shelf components initiallyUse off the shelf components initially

Micro Flying InsectMicro Flying Insect ONR MURI/ DARPA fundedONR MURI/ DARPA funded Year 2 of 5 year projectYear 2 of 5 year project Professors Dickinson, Fearing (PI), Professors Dickinson, Fearing (PI),

Liepmann, Majumdar, Pister, Sands, SastryLiepmann, Majumdar, Pister, Sands, Sastry

Synthetic InsectsSynthetic Insects(Smart Dust with Legs)(Smart Dust with Legs)

Goal: Make silicon walk.Goal: Make silicon walk.

•Autonomous•Articulated•Size ~ 1-10 mm•Speed ~ 1mm/s

CITRIS-Affiliated Research ActivitiesCITRIS-Affiliated Research Activities International Computer Science InstituteInternational Computer Science Institute,(5 faculty, 18 students) studies ,(5 faculty, 18 students) studies

network protocols and applications and speech and language-based human-network protocols and applications and speech and language-based human-centered computing. centered computing.

Millennium ProjectMillennium Project (15 faculty) is developing a powerful, networked (15 faculty) is developing a powerful, networked computational test bed of nearly 1,000 computers across campus to enable computational test bed of nearly 1,000 computers across campus to enable interdisciplinary research.interdisciplinary research.

Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center BSACBerkeley Sensor and Actuator Center BSAC (14 faculty, 100 students) is a (14 faculty, 100 students) is a world-leading effort specializing in micro-electromechanical devices (MEMS), world-leading effort specializing in micro-electromechanical devices (MEMS), micro-fluidic devices, and “smart dust.” micro-fluidic devices, and “smart dust.”

Microfabrication LaboratoryMicrofabrication Laboratory (71 faculty, 254 students) is a campus-wide (71 faculty, 254 students) is a campus-wide resource offering sophisticated processes for fabricating micro-devices and resource offering sophisticated processes for fabricating micro-devices and micro-systems.micro-systems.

Gigascale Silicon Research CenterGigascale Silicon Research Center (23 faculty, 60 students) addresses (23 faculty, 60 students) addresses problems in designing and testing complex, single-chip embedded systems problems in designing and testing complex, single-chip embedded systems using deep sub-micron technology. using deep sub-micron technology.

Berkeley Wireless Research CenterBerkeley Wireless Research Center (16 faculty, 114 students) is a consortium (16 faculty, 114 students) is a consortium of companies and DARPA programs to support research in low-power of companies and DARPA programs to support research in low-power wireless devices.wireless devices.

Applications-Related Current ActivitiesApplications-Related Current Activities Partners for Advanced Transit and Highways, PATHPartners for Advanced Transit and Highways, PATH, (20 faculty, 70 students), a , (20 faculty, 70 students), a

collaboration between UC, Caltrans, other universities, and industry to develop collaboration between UC, Caltrans, other universities, and industry to develop technology to improve transportation in California.technology to improve transportation in California.

Berkeley Seismological LaboratoryBerkeley Seismological Laboratory (15 faculty, 14 students) operates, collects, (15 faculty, 14 students) operates, collects, and studies data from a regional seismological monitoring system, providing and studies data from a regional seismological monitoring system, providing earthquake information to state and local governments.earthquake information to state and local governments.

Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, PEERPacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, PEER ( 25 faculty, 15 ( 25 faculty, 15 students), a Berkeley-led NSF center, is a consortium of nine universities students), a Berkeley-led NSF center, is a consortium of nine universities (including five UC campuses) working with industry and government to identify (including five UC campuses) working with industry and government to identify and reduce earthquake risks to safety and to the economy.and reduce earthquake risks to safety and to the economy.

National Center of Excellence in Aviation Operations Research, NEXTORNational Center of Excellence in Aviation Operations Research, NEXTOR (6 (6 faculty, 12 students), a multi-campus center, models and analyzes complex faculty, 12 students), a multi-campus center, models and analyzes complex airport and air traffic systems.airport and air traffic systems.

Human-Centered SystemsHuman-Centered Systems:: Adapting technology to people, not people to Adapting technology to people, not people to technology (faculty from EECS, Psychology, Sociology, Education, SIMS, ME, technology (faculty from EECS, Psychology, Sociology, Education, SIMS, ME, Business)Business)

Bioengineering Research CenterBioengineering Research Center

PicoRadio PicoRadio Extending the Scope and … Pushing the EnvelopeExtending the Scope and … Pushing the Envelope

Cafe

Offices

Exhibits

Wireless node

Entrance

Challeges to using sensor data in seismic Challeges to using sensor data in seismic modeling and disaster responsemodeling and disaster response

Position/motion/moisture/chemical/temperature/GPS Position/motion/moisture/chemical/temperature/GPS sensors across civil infrastructuresensors across civil infrastructure Recent NRC report Recent NRC report Increase knowledge of safety of buildings, bridges, …Increase knowledge of safety of buildings, bridges, … Improve emergency responseImprove emergency response Forecast earthquake impactsForecast earthquake impacts

What to do with all the data?What to do with all the data? Vast, noisy, partialVast, noisy, partial Use it to drive models of structures, tranport systems,…Use it to drive models of structures, tranport systems,… Where do we get the models?Where do we get the models?

Scanning in the Golden Gate BridgeScanning in the Golden Gate Bridge

Use existing 3D laser scannerUse existing 3D laser scanner St. Peter’s Basilica (“Fiat Lux” at SIGGRAPH)St. Peter’s Basilica (“Fiat Lux” at SIGGRAPH) Taj Mahal, Michaelangelo’s David, Sather TowerTaj Mahal, Michaelangelo’s David, Sather Tower

ProblemsProblems Registering multiple imagesRegistering multiple images NoiseNoise MeshingMeshing Feature extraction (materials)Feature extraction (materials) Hard to reach placesHard to reach places

X-ray scans of reinforced concrete X-ray scans of reinforced concrete

SUGAR - A tool for MEMS CadSUGAR - A tool for MEMS Cad Descendant of SpiceDescendant of Spice Goal: Fast and just accurate enough for designGoal: Fast and just accurate enough for design

Full FE analysis too slowFull FE analysis too slow

Scope so farScope so far 3D electromechanical simulation3D electromechanical simulation steady state, modal, transient analysessteady state, modal, transient analyses

Widely usedWidely used 100 designers at UCB100 designers at UCB Universities, govt labs, industryUniversities, govt labs, industry www-bsac.berkeley.edu/~cfmwww-bsac.berkeley.edu/~cfm Web serviceWeb service

Challenges in MEMS SimulationChallenges in MEMS Simulation

Better Mechanical modelsBetter Mechanical models ContactContact Multiscale robustnessMultiscale robustness Reduced order modelingReduced order modeling Sensitivity analysisSensitivity analysis Design OptimizationDesign Optimization ScalabilityScalability

Eigenmodes of a MEMS mirrorEigenmodes of a MEMS mirror

MEMS ResonatorMEMS Resonator

A stepper motor we’d like to simulate:A stepper motor we’d like to simulate:challenges of contact problemschallenges of contact problems

Experimental TestbedsExperimental Testbeds

NetworkInfrastructure

GSMBTS

Millennium Cluster

Millennium Cluster

WLAN /Bluetooth

Pager

IBMWorkPad

CF788

MC-16

MotorolaPagewriter 2000

Velo

TCI @HomeAdaptive Broadband LMDS

H.323GW

Nino

Smart ClassroomsAudio/Video Capture Rooms

Pervasive Computing LabCoLab

Soda Hall

CalRen/Internet2/NGI

SmartDust

LCD Displays

WearableDisplays

Postdoc availablePostdoc available

contact demmel@cs.berkeley.edu contact demmel@cs.berkeley.edu