cisco router introduction hervé tremeur at&t global network at&t labs [email protected] cisco...
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CISCO Router introduction
Hervé TREMEURAT&T Global NetworkAT&T Labs [email protected]
CISCO router introductionfor Labs WAN/ OSPF-RIP
CISCO router introduction
Agenda
Router Quick Start
CLI (Command Line Interface)
Routing Protocols
IP Addressing
IP Routing configuration
RIP Routing Protocol configuration
OSPF Routing Protocol configuration
Main Show and Debug commands used
CATALYST 2950 configuration
Lab presentation
Conclusion
CISCO router introduction
Router quick start
If an enable password has not been set, enable mode only can be accessed from the router console.
– Router> enable
– Password:
– Router#Disable
– Router>Exit
– Router> ? <----- User Mode Commands list
– Router>en
– Router# ? <----- Privileged-Mode command list
– Router#Show ?
– Router#
CISCO router introduction
Command Line Interface
Global Configuration Mode– Router# configure terminal
– Router(config)#? --- Global configuration command list
To exit global configuration command mode and return to privileged EXEC mode,
use one of the following commands:
– Router(config)# exit
– Router(config)# end
– Router(config)# Ctrl-Z
– Router#
Interface Configuration Mode– Router(config)# interface serial 0/0
– Router(config-if)# ? ------Interface configuration command list
Subinterface Configuration SubmodeRouter– Router(config)# interface serial 0/0
– Router(config)# encapsulation frame-relay
– Router(config)# interface serial 0/0.1
– Router(config-subif)#
CISCO router introduction
Command Line InterfaceStartup configuration recommanded
Router#
conf t
hostname R1
enable password c
no ip domain-lookup
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
password c
logging synchronous
line aux 0
exec-timeout 0 0
password c
logging synchronous
line vty 0 4
exec-timeout 0 0
password c
logging synchronous
CISCO router introduction
Command Line Interface
Moving Around on the Command Line – Use the following commands to move the cursor around on the command line to make corrections or
changes:
– Press Ctrl-B : Move the cursor back one character.
– Press Ctrl-F : Move the cursor forward one character.
– Press Ctrl-A : Move the cursor to the beginning of the command line.
– Press Ctrl-E : Move the cursor to the end of the command line.
– Press Esc B : Move the cursor back one word.
– Press Esc F : Move the cursor forward one word.
Completing a Partial Command Name– Router# conf<Tab>
– Router# configure
Recalling Commands– Ctrl-P or the up arrow key --- Recall commands.
– Ctrl-N or the down arrow key --- Return to more recent commands
CISCO router introduction
Routing Protocols
Interior Gateway Protocols– Interior protocols are used for routing networks that are under a common network
administration. Cisco IOS software supports the following interior routing protocols:
– Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
– Internet Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP)
– OSPF
– IP Enhanced IGRP
– Integrated IS-IS
CISCO router introduction
Routing Protocols
Exterior Gateway ProtocolsExterior protocols are used to exchange routing information between networks that do
not share a common administration. IP Exterior Gateway Protocols require the following three sets of information before routing can begin:
– A list of neighbor (or peer) routers with which to exchange routing information
– A list of networks to advertise as directly reachable
– The autonomous system number of the local router
– The supported exterior gateway protocol is Border Gateway Protocol (BGP).
– Multicast BGP (MBGP) adds capabilities to BGP to enable multicast routing policy throughout the Internet and to connect multicast topologies within and between BGP autonomous systems. That is, MBGP is an enhanced BGP that carries IP multicast routes. BGP carries two sets of routes, one set for unicast routing and one set for multicast routing.
CISCO router introduction
IP AddressingClass A
1.0.0.0 to 126.0.0.0
Class B128.0.0.0 to 191.254.0.0
Class C192.0.1.0 to 223.255.254
Class D224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255
Multicast group addresses
Class E240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.254
Assigning IP Addresses to Network Interfaces
ip address ip-address mask < ------ Set a primary IP address for an interface
CISCO router introduction
VLSM (Variable length Subnet Mask)Class B
156.26.0.0 /16 ---------- 156.26.1.0 /24
156.26.2.0/24--------156.26.2.0/30
156.26.2.4/30
156.26.2.8/30
………………
156.26.2.252/30
------------------------------------------------------------------------
126 62 30 14 6 2 I N Hosts
-------------------------------------------------------I-----------------
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 I
------------------------------------------------------- I------------------
25 26 27 28 29 30 32 I N Bits in mask
--------------------------------------------------------I--- --------------
128 192 224 240 248 252 I Mask
------------------------------------------- -i--------------
CISCO router introduction
FRAME-RELAY ConfigurationBasic Frame-relay configuration (hub/spoke)
Router A#
interface Serial0/0
Ip address 132.1.12.1
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
frame-relay lmi-type ansi
frame-relay map ip 132.1.12.2 111 broadcast
Router B#
interface Serial3/1
Ip address 132.1.12.2
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
frame-relay lmi-type ansi
!
interface Serial3/1.1 point-to-point
frame-relay interface-dlci 114
CISCO router introduction
RIP Configuration
Basic RIP configuration
commands needed for the lab01 are presented
Interface Ethernet0/0
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config)# router rip
Router(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0 < --- specifies what interfaces will receive and send RIP
routing updates. It also specifies what network
will be advertised
router rip
passive-interface Ethernet0/0 < --- disables the sending of RIP updates on interface
distribute-list 1 out Ethernet0/0< --- filter the advertised networks
Router(config)#access-list 1 permit 131.1.0.0 0.0.255.255
CISCO router introduction
RIP Configuration
Monitoring and testing the configurationRouter# debug ip rip < ---- displays received v1 updates
displays sending v1 updates
Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default
U - per-user static route, o - ODR
Gateway of last resort is not set
R 192.168.107.0/24 [120/1] via 150.100.1.254, 00:00:22, Ethernet0/0
CISCO router introduction
OSPF Configuration commands needed for the lab are presented
Basic OSPF configuration Interface loopback 0
ip address 132.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
Interface serial 0/0
ip address 132.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config)# router ospf 64
Router(config-router)# network 132.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
Router(config-router)# network 132.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
CISCO router introduction
OSPF ConfigurationOSPF Priority “ DR election” configuration
The router A with highest priority on the network will be elected DR
The router B with second highest priority will be elected BDR
RouterA#
Interface Ethernet0/0
ip address 132.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
Ip ospf priority 100
router ospf 64
network 132.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
-------------------------------------------------- Router with priority 0 will not participate to the election
RouterB#
Interface Ethernet0/0
ip address 132.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
Ip ospf priority 50
router ospf 64
network 132.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
CISCO router introduction
OSPF ConfigurationOSPF on an NBMA Network ” Non-Broadcast ‘” Model
RouterA#
interface Serial3/1
no ip directed-broadcast
encapsulation frame-relay Split horizon is enabled on a frame relay encapsulated
interface if subinterfaces have been configured
no frame-relay inverse-arp
frame-relay lmi-type ansi
!
interface Serial3/1.1 point-to-point
ip address 132.1.12.1 255.255.255.224
no ip directed-broadcast
ip ospf network non-broadcast
ip ospf priority 0
frame-relay interface-dlci 114 inform which DLCI goes with which subinterfaces
router ospf 64
network 132.1.12.0 0.0.0.31 area 2
Split horizon is enabled on a frame relay encapsulated interface if subinterfacesHave been configured
CISCO router introduction
OSPF ConfigurationOSPF on an NBMA Network ” Broadcast ‘” Model
RouterA#
interface Serial3/1
ip address 132.1.12.1 255.255.255.224
no ip directed-broadcast
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
frame-relay lmi-type ansi
ip ospf network broadcast
ip ospf priority 0
frame-relay map ip 132.1.12.2 115 broadcast
router ospf 64
network 132.1.12.0 0.0.0.31 area 2
CISCO router introduction
OSPF Configuration
OSPF on an NBMA Network ” Point-to-Multipoint ‘” Model RouterA#
interface Serial3/1
ip address 132.1.12.1 255.255.255.224
no ip directed-broadcast
encapsulation frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
frame-relay lmi-type ansi
ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
frame-relay map ip 132.1.12.2 115 broadcast
router ospf 64
network 132.1.12.0 0.0.0.31 area 2
Changing the encapsulation on a serial interface disables split horizon
Don’t need DR BDR election
CISCO router introduction
OSPF Configuration
OSPF Interface parameters Hello interval will vary based on the Interface Network Type :
Broadcast=10
Non-Broadcast =30
Point-to-point=10
Point-to-Multipoint=30
Dead interval will vary based on the Interface Network Type :
Broadcast=40
Non-Broadcast =120
Point-to-point=40
Point-to-Multipoint =30
CISCO router introduction
OSPF Configuration
OSPF Virtual-Links Needed when area not adjacent to area 0 (backbone area)
Example : area 0---RouterA--area3--RouterB--area4
RouterA#
router ospf 64
area 3 virtual-link 132.1.2.2
RouterB#
router ospf 64
area 3 virtual-link 132.1.1.1
show ip ospf virtual-link
CISCO router introduction
OSPF Configuration
OSPF configuration monitoring and testing Show ip ospf interface
Show ip ospf neighbor
Show ip route
Debug ip ospf events
Debug ip ospf adjacency
CISCO router introduction
Route redistributionRedistribute RIP into OSPF
router ospf 1
redistribute rip subnets
Redistribute OSPF to RIP
router rip
redistribute ospf 1 metric 1 route-map OSPF-RIP
route-map OSPF-RIP permit 10
match ip address 2
access-list 2 permit 139.1.0.0 0.0.255.255
Redistribute CONNECTED into OSPF
router ospf 1
redistribute connected subnets route-map xxxx
CISCO router introduction
Catalyst 2950 configuration
Create VLANA (10) and VLANB(20) interface FastEthernet0/1
duplex full
speed 100
switchport access vlan 10
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
duplex full
speed 100
switchport access vlan 10
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
switchport access vlan 20
Interface VLAN 10
Interface VLAN 20
CISCO router introduction
Catalyst 2950 configuration
Check VLAN interface FastEthernet0/1
TK-VLAN#sh vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4,
Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8,
Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12,
Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16,
Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20,
Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
10 VLAN0010 active Fa0/1,
20VLAN0020 active Fa0/5,
CISCO router introduction
Lab EPUNSA presentation
TopologyR1 : ASBR
R2 : ABR
R4 :ABR
SE 0/0
Router R2
Router R1
Router R3
Router R4
Router R5
OSPF Area 0
OSPF Area 2
OSPF Stub Area 5
HDLC Link
Vlan C (30)
RIP
112
211
312
213
2/3
S0/0/1
2/5
OSPF Area 3
Network management Workstation
Workstation
2/1
2/4
Vlan A (10)
Vlan B (20)
S0/0/0
S0/0/0
S0/0/1
PPP Link
FRAME RELAY
S0/0/0
S0/0/0
S0/0/0
Vlan D (40)
Workstation
Workstation
Workstation
Workstation
TFTP Server
216
Workstation
Router R6
OSPF Area 6Vlan E (50)
112612
S0/0/0
S1/0
S1/1
S1/3
S1/2
CISCO router introduction
Lab EPUNSA IP Addressing plan
Name N bits
Mask Subnet IP @ Router N Hosts
Loopback0
Loopback0
Loopback0
Loopback0
Loopback0
32
32
32
32
32
255.255.255.255
255.255.255.255
255.255.255.255
255.255.255.255
255.255.255.255
132.1.1.1 R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
Frame-relay R1
R2
R3
R6
R2-R4 30 255.255.255.252 2
R4-R5 255.255.255.252
VLANA 255.255.255.0
VLANB
VLANC
VLAND
VLANE