Cisco Certified Network Cisco Certified Network AssociateAssociate

Exam 640-607Exam 640-607

ObjectivesObjectives

To be able to install and configure Cisco To be able to install and configure Cisco routers.routers.

To have a working knowledge of TCP/IP To have a working knowledge of TCP/IP and be able to design and allocate IP and be able to design and allocate IP addresses for an intranet.addresses for an intranet.

Pass the 640-607 ExamPass the 640-607 Exam

What you need to knowWhat you need to know

CD in the Sybex bookCD in the Sybex book• Router Simulator and Labs.Router Simulator and Labs.• Practice Exams.Practice Exams.• Book on CD.Book on CD.

Study GuideStudy Guide• Cisco Objectives.Cisco Objectives.• Were to find them in the book.Were to find them in the book.

AGENDAAGENDA

DAY 1DAY 1• Internetworking (Chapter 1 Sybex, Chapter 2 Internetworking (Chapter 1 Sybex, Chapter 2

Exam Cram)Exam Cram)• OSI Reference Model (Chapter 1 Sybex, Chapter OSI Reference Model (Chapter 1 Sybex, Chapter

3 & 4 Exam Cram)3 & 4 Exam Cram)• TCP/IP and the DOD Reference Model (Chapter 3 TCP/IP and the DOD Reference Model (Chapter 3

Sybex, Chapter 9 Exam Cram)Sybex, Chapter 9 Exam Cram)• Subnetting (Chapter 3 Sybex, Chapter 10 Exam Subnetting (Chapter 3 Sybex, Chapter 10 Exam

Cram)Cram)• Switching Technologies (Chapter 2 Sybex, Switching Technologies (Chapter 2 Sybex,

Chapter 6 Exam Cram)Chapter 6 Exam Cram)• VIRTUAL LAN’s [VLAN’S] (Chapter 6 Sybex, VIRTUAL LAN’s [VLAN’S] (Chapter 6 Sybex,

Chapter 7 Exam Cram) Chapter 7 Exam Cram)

AGENDAAGENDA

DAY 2DAY 2• Cisco IOS (Chapter 4 Sybex, Chapter 5 Cisco IOS (Chapter 4 Sybex, Chapter 5

Exam Cram)Exam Cram)• IP Routing (Chapter 5 Sybex, Chapter 11 IP Routing (Chapter 5 Sybex, Chapter 11

Exam Cram)Exam Cram)• Router Configuration and Internetwork Router Configuration and Internetwork

Management (Chapter 7 Sybex, Chapter Management (Chapter 7 Sybex, Chapter 8 Exam Cram)8 Exam Cram)

AGENDAAGENDA

DAY 3DAY 3• Configuring Novell IPX (Chapter 8 Sybex, Configuring Novell IPX (Chapter 8 Sybex,

Chapter 12 Exam Cram)Chapter 12 Exam Cram)• Access Lists (Chapter 9 Sybex, Chapter Access Lists (Chapter 9 Sybex, Chapter

13 Exam Cram)13 Exam Cram)• Wide Area Networking Protocols Wide Area Networking Protocols

(Chapter 10 Sybex, Chapter 14, 15, & 16 (Chapter 10 Sybex, Chapter 14, 15, & 16 Exam Cram)Exam Cram)

AGENDAAGENDA

Days 4-6Days 4-6• Questions and follow-up.Questions and follow-up.• Hands-on LabsHands-on Labs• Test prep.Test prep.• EXAMEXAM

Chapter OneChapter One

Internetworking BasicsInternetworking Basics• LANsLANs• WANsWANs

OSI ModelOSI Model

Why a layered network model?Why a layered network model? How does it work?How does it work?

OSI ModelOSI Model9-8

Physical

Data Link

Network

Transport

Session

Presentation

Application Network Services – File services, Printing E-mail

(E,C,T) Encryption, compression & Translation of Data

Session Establishment, Management & Tear down

End to End communication, connection oriented vrs.Connectionless, Acknowledged delivery

Addressing & routing (logical address), Path Selection

Media/Cable access, Hardware addressing, Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC)

Bits, Cabling & hardware Binary Translation

Segment

Frames

Bits

Packets orPDU

Transferof

Data

OSI ModelOSI Model

OSI Layer Function Product Examples

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

PhysicalR.A.T.H. Cables & Connectors

DTE/DCE copper wire, fiber, RJ-45, RS-232-C

OSI ModelOSI Model

OSI Layer Function Product Examples

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data LinkBridges and SwitchesAccess

Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, SDLCMAC and LLC sublayers

PhysicalR.A.T.H. Cables & Connectors

DTE/DCE copper wire, fiber, RJ-45, RS-232-C

OSI ModelOSI Model

OSI Layer Function Product Examples

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

NetworkRoutersAddress

ICMP: Ping and TracerouteIP, IPX, ARP, RARP

Data LinkBridges and SwitchesAccess

Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, SDLCMAC and LLC sublayers

PhysicalR.A.T.H. Cables & Connectors

DTE/DCE copper wire, fiber, RJ-45, RS-232-C

OSI ModelOSI Model

OSI Layer Function Product Examples

Application

Presentation

Session

TransportProvides end to endManagement & Control

Flow ControlTCP, SPX, NetBIOS

NetworkRoutersAddress

ICMP: Ping and TracerouteIP, IPX, ARP, RARP

Data LinkBridges and SwitchesAccess

Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, SDLCMAC and LLC sublayers

PhysicalR.A.T.H. Cables & Connectors

DTE/DCE copper wire, fiber, RJ-45, RS-232-C

OSI ModelOSI Model

OSI Layer Function Product Examples

Application

Presentation

SessionConnection CoordinatorTraffic Cop

NetBIOS, VTAM

TransportProvides end to endManagement & Control

Flow ControlTCP, SPX, NetBIOS

NetworkRoutersAddress

ICMP: Ping and TracerouteIP, IPX, ARP, RARP

Data LinkBridges and SwitchesAccess

Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, SDLCMAC and LLC sublayers

PhysicalR.A.T.H. Cables & Connectors

DTE/DCE copper wire, fiber, RJ-45, RS-232-C

OSI ModelOSI Model

OSI Layer Function Product Examples

Application

Presentation

Defines how data should be formated

PICT, MPEG, JPEG. Encryption, Compression, and Translation

SessionConnection CoordinatorTraffic Cop

NetBIOS, VTAM

TransportProvides end to endManagement & Control

Flow ControlTCP, SPX, NetBIOS

NetworkRoutersAddress

ICMP: Ping and TracerouteIP, IPX, ARP, RARP

Data LinkBridges and SwitchesAccess

Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, SDLCMAC and LLC sublayers

PhysicalR.A.T.H. Cables & Connectors

DTE/DCE copper wire, fiber, RJ-45, RS-232-C

OSI ModelOSI Model

OSI Layer Function Product Examples

ApplicationOverall System Management

Telnet, File and Print, Email SNMP, SMTP, X.400, X.500, FTP

Presentation

Defines how data should be formated

PICT, MPEG, JPEG. Encryption, Compression, and Translation

SessionConnection CoordinatorTraffic Cop

NetBIOS, VTAM

TransportProvides end to endManagement & Control

Flow ControlTCP, SPX, NetBIOS

NetworkRoutersAddress

ICMP: Ping and TracerouteIP, IPX, ARP, RARP

Data LinkBridges and SwitchesAccess

Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, SDLCMAC and LLC sublayers

PhysicalR.A.T.H. Cables & Connectors

DTE/DCE copper wire, fiber, RJ-45, RS-232-C

Transport LayerTransport Layer

Flow ControlFlow Control Connection-OrientedConnection-Oriented WindowingWindowing

Data EncapsulationData Encapsulation

PDU’sPDU’s Transport Layer: SegmentsTransport Layer: Segments Network Layer: PacketsNetwork Layer: Packets Data Link Layer: FramesData Link Layer: Frames Physical Layer: BitsPhysical Layer: Bits

Cisco Three Layer ModelCisco Three Layer Model

Core LayerCore Layer Distribution Layer (Workgroup layer)Distribution Layer (Workgroup layer) Access Layer ( Desktop layer)Access Layer ( Desktop layer)

LAN TechnologiesLAN Technologies Ethernet and IEEE StandardsEthernet and IEEE Standards 802.3 802.3

(802.1 – 802.12)(802.1 – 802.12)• CSMA/CDCSMA/CD• BroadcastsBroadcasts

Fast Ethernet Fast Ethernet 802.3u802.3u Gigabit Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet 802.3q802.3q Token Ring Token Ring 802.5802.5 Fiber Distributed Data Interface Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)(FDDI) 802.10802.10 ATM TechnologyATM Technology LLC LLC 802.2802.2 Token Bus Token Bus 802.4802.4

CSMA/CDCSMA/CD

All stations are listeningAll stations are listening When clear is free to sendWhen clear is free to send If two send at the same time there is If two send at the same time there is

a collisiona collision Both back off and waitBoth back off and wait When clear, one attempts to sendWhen clear, one attempts to send

Two ways to transmitTwo ways to transmit

Half Duplex:Half Duplex:• One pair of wiresOne pair of wires• Only transmit or receive not both at the same Only transmit or receive not both at the same

timetime• Only 30 – 40 % efficientOnly 30 – 40 % efficient

Full Duplex:Full Duplex:• Two pairs of wiresTwo pairs of wires• Transmit and receive at the same timeTransmit and receive at the same time• 100% efficiency100% efficiency

Expanded 802.3uExpanded 802.3u

100BaseTX100BaseTX Twisted pairTwisted pair 100m100m 1000BaseT1000BaseT Twisted pairTwisted pair 100m100m 100BaseFX100BaseFX Fiber opticsFiber optics 412m412m 100BaseCX100BaseCX Copper wireCopper wire 25m25m 100BaseSX100BaseSX Fiber opticsFiber optics 260m260m 100BaseLX100BaseLX Fiber opticsFiber optics 3 – 10k3 – 10k

Physical LayerPhysical Layer

Repeaters:Repeaters: Class I:Class I: Both 100BaseX and 100Base4 signals.Both 100BaseX and 100Base4 signals. Class II:Class II: either 100BaseX or 100Base4 not both.either 100BaseX or 100Base4 not both. Fasehub300:Fasehub300:

Amplifiers:Amplifiers: Transmitters:Transmitters: Hubs:Hubs:

Passive:Passive: Active:Active:

TopologiesTopologies

Ring:Ring: Star:Star: Bus:Bus: ATM:ATM:

• A fixed 53 byte cell.A fixed 53 byte cell. Very high bandwidthVery high bandwidth Low delayLow delay Both switching and multiplexingBoth switching and multiplexing

ReviewReview

Pages 64 – 70Pages 64 – 70

Chapter TwoChapter Two

TCP/IP Protocol SuiteTCP/IP Protocol Suite

OverviewOverview

The TCP/IP and DOD Reference ModelThe TCP/IP and DOD Reference Model Process/Application Layer ProtocolsProcess/Application Layer Protocols Host-to-Host Layer ProtocolsHost-to-Host Layer Protocols Internet Layer ProtocolsInternet Layer Protocols Network Access Layer ProtocolsNetwork Access Layer Protocols IP Address ResolutionIP Address Resolution Local ResolutionLocal Resolution The ARP CacheThe ARP Cache Remote ResolutionRemote Resolution

TCP/IP and the DoDTCP/IP and the DoD

The DoD was created to ensure and The DoD was created to ensure and preserve data integritypreserve data integrity

A Four layered modelA Four layered model

Process/Application

Host-to-Host

Internet

NetworkAccess

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

Process/Application LayerProcess/Application Layer

Protocols include:Protocols include:• DHCPDHCP• DNSDNS• TFTPTFTP• NFSNFS• SMTPSMTP• LPDLPD• X WindowsX Windows• SNMPSNMP

Host-to-Host Host-to-Host (Transport)(Transport)

Purpose is to shield the upper-layer Purpose is to shield the upper-layer applications from the complexities of applications from the complexities of the networkthe network

Protocols include:Protocols include:• TCPTCP• UDPUDP

TCPTCP

Segment format:Segment format:

UDPUDP

Segment format:Segment format:

Source port (16)Source port (16) Destination Port (16)Destination Port (16)

Length (16)Length (16) Checksum (16)Checksum (16)

Data (if any)Data (if any)

Bit 0 Bit 31Bit 15 Bit 16

8 Bits

Port NumbersPort Numbers

0 – 255 public applications0 – 255 public applications 256 – 1023 are assigned to 256 – 1023 are assigned to

companies to use in their companies to use in their applicationsapplications

0 – 1024 are considered well known.0 – 1024 are considered well known. 1024 – 64k used by upper lay apps.1024 – 64k used by upper lay apps.

Port NumbersPort Numbers

Well knownWell known

TCP UDP

FTP Telnet SMTP DNS TFTP SNMP

21 23 25 53 69 161

6 17

Internet Layer Internet Layer (Network)(Network)

All Network paths go through IPAll Network paths go through IP This is the only Layer relating to This is the only Layer relating to

RoutingRouting This layer provides:This layer provides:

• ICMP: Internet Control Message ProtocolICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol PingPing TracerouteTraceroute

ICMP TestingICMP Testing

Using PingUsing Ping

ICMP Echo Request

ICMP Echo Reply

Is Y Reachable?

Yes, I’mReachable.

X YX Y

ARP: ARP: Address Resolution ProtocolAddress Resolution Protocol

How Address Resolution worksHow Address Resolution works

Resolve MAC address from IP address

192.168.3.46 192.168.3.44

I want the MAC address of

192.168.3.44

This broadcast is for me. Here is my

MAC address

Source IP: 192.168.3.46Source MAC: 0800.0020.1234Dest. IP: 192.168.3.44Dest. MAC: ffff.ffff.ffff

Source IP: 192.168.3.44Source MAC: 0800.0020.3456Dest. IP: 192.168.3.46Dest. MAC: 0800.0020.1234

X Y

X Y

RARP: RARP: Reverse ARPReverse ARP

How RARP works:How RARP works:

Resolve IP address from MAC address

What is my IP Address?

I understand the broadcast.

Your IP address is 192.168.3.44

Ethernet: 0800.0020.3456IP:

Ethernet: 0800.0020.3456IP: 192.168.3.44

X Y

Network Network (Data Link and Physical)(Data Link and Physical)

Monitors the data exchange between the Monitors the data exchange between the host and the network.host and the network.

This layer has:This layer has:• EthernetEthernet• Fast EthernetFast Ethernet• Token RingToken Ring• FDDIFDDI

Responsible for framing the data by placing Responsible for framing the data by placing the MAC address into the frame.the MAC address into the frame.

CRCCRC Specifying the access methodSpecifying the access method

Logical and Physical AddressLogical and Physical Address

MAC is PhysicalMAC is Physical• 48 bits 48 bits expressed in expressed in 6 bytes6 bytes

3 bytes3 bytes Assigned by IEEE (OUI) Assigned by IEEE (OUI) 3 bytes3 bytes for the serial number of the NIC for the serial number of the NIC

IP AddressIP Address• 32 bits32 bits expressed in expressed in 4 bytes4 bytes• Two parts:Two parts:

NetworkNetwork HostHost

Chapter ThreeChapter Three

IP Addressing and SubnettingIP Addressing and Subnetting

OverviewOverview

Numbering SystemsNumbering Systems What is IP Addressing?What is IP Addressing?

• The Hierarchical IP Addressing SchemeThe Hierarchical IP Addressing Scheme• Additional Classes of NetworksAdditional Classes of Networks• Who Assigns Network Addresses?Who Assigns Network Addresses?

Subnetting a NetworkSubnetting a Network• Implementing SubnettingImplementing Subnetting• How to Implement SubnettingHow to Implement Subnetting• Subnet MasksSubnet Masks• Can This Be Make Easier?Can This Be Make Easier?

NumberingNumbering

Dotted DecimalDotted Decimal BinaryBinary HexadecimalHexadecimal

IP Addressing GuidelinesIP Addressing Guidelines

Cannot use 127Cannot use 127 Network ID cannot be all 1 or 0Network ID cannot be all 1 or 0 Host ID cannot be all 1 or 0Host ID cannot be all 1 or 0 Private IP Address:Private IP Address:

• 10.0.0.010.0.0.0• 172.16.0.0172.16.0.0• 192.168.0.0192.168.0.0

Class D is for MulticastingClass D is for Multicasting Class E is for ExperimentalClass E is for Experimental

Subnet MaskSubnet Mask

1’s identify the Network mask1’s identify the Network mask 0’s identify the Host mask0’s identify the Host mask 22nn – 2 = Networks – 2 = Networks 22hh – 2 = Hosts – 2 = Hosts

Default MaskDefault Mask

Class AClass A 255.0.0.0255.0.0.0 Class BClass B 255.255.0.0255.255.0.0 Class CClass C 255.255.255.0255.255.255.0

Exercises Exercises

Page 7Page 7 Page 8Page 8 Page 10Page 10 Page 13Page 13

ReviewReview

Lab on page 170Lab on page 170 Questions on pages 171 – 177 Questions on pages 171 – 177

Chapter FourChapter Four

Switching TechnologiesSwitching Technologies

Bridges and SwitchesBridges and Switches

Repeater, HUB, ModemRepeater, HUB, Modem

Bridge, SwitchesBridge, Switches

Router, BrouterRouter, Brouter

GATEWAYSGATEWAYS……

Physical

Data Link

Network

Transport

Session

Presentation

ApplicationSA/DAUp to data

MAC Address

Signal

ReviewReview

Pages 98 – 104 Pages 98 – 104