CARCINOMA INSITU

History 1952 - Melicow and Hollowell - the first to describe CIS in grossly normal vesical mucosa and to document its multifocal nature. Koss[9] was the first to recognize the importance of urine cytology in diagnosing CIS in mucosa that could appear relatively unremarkable on cystoscopy. Subsequent mapping studies of cystectomy specimens and surveillance biopsies showed that apparently grossly unremarkable vesical mucosa often exhibited a spectrum of nuclear abnormalities culminating into CIS, invasive carcinoma, or both

TYPES De novo CIS (Primary CIS) -