Circulating Fluidized Bed

Technology VIII

Proceedings of ihc 8th International Conference

on Circulating Fluidized Beds

Hangzhou, China, May 10-13, 2005

Edited by

Kefa Cen

College of Mechanical and Energy Engineering

Zhcjiang University

TECHNISCHE

INFORMATIONSBiBLJOTHEK

UNIVERSITATSB1BUOTHEKHANNOVER

International Academic Publishers

World Publishing Corporation

Contents

I. Invited Overview Papers

Fluid dynamics, temperature and concentration fields in large-scale CFB combustors I

Joachim Werther

FCC technology - recent advances and new challenges 26

Ye-Mon Chen, Chris Williams

Circulating ftutdized beds - recent developments and research requirements

in the near future 41

Jesse Zlui

Research and development on circulating fluidized bed combustion

technology in China 56

Tlumgyang Luo, Kefa Cen

II. Hydrodynamics and Mixing

Transient hydrodynamics in a circulating fluidized bed riser 68

X.Q. Sons, Il.T. Hi, C.J. Urn, J.R. Grace, IIP. Cut

Multiscale analysis of solids flux signals measured in a high density

circulating fluidized bed using wavelet transformation 75

GSrktm Kirbas, Naoko Ellis

Floating Internals In the riser of cohesive particles 83

Una Timg, Ikmgzliong Li

Axial velocity distribution of particle along the radial direction in dilute phase of riser 90

lliiixinn Shi, Qinhui Wang, '/Jumgytmg Luo, Kefa Ceil

Experimental research on particle rotation characteristics In CFI) riser 97

Xuevheng Wu, Qinhui Wang, Qiong (Sao. '/Jiongyimg Luo, Mengxiang I'ang, Kefa Cen

Comparison of simulated and measured voidage and velocity profiles

and fluctuations in a CKB riser 105

Sirpu Kallio

IX

Turnover time ofa binary powder-particle mixture in a circulating fluidized bed 113

EmadAhmedMahmoud, Tsutomu Nakazato, Nobuyoshi Nakogawa, Kunia Kato

Solids concentration in unsteady motion .

120

Marek Sucizko

Solid separation in upper part of CFB riser .

I.' /

GeorgvA Rvahov, Oleg M bohmee\ Dimin A Shapo^hnik

Gas-particle interaction in dilute suspensions I <*>

S Takeiulu, 7 Kajisluma, X S Wong, M 1 Rhodes

Slip velocities in the homogeneous flow regime of an

industrialscale cold flow circulating fluidized bed ... .in

Lawrence J Sliadle, hsimul R Monazam, Joseph S Met

Solids back-mixing in CFB furnaces ...

I *> I

Anclieas Johansson, Filtp Jolmwon, Ho Lei knei, Jai ek (nuhm \ki

Dynamics of in-furnacc processes in a CFB boiler 15"

Andieai Johansson, Byunghv Song, !• dip Jolmwon, Uirs-Lnk Am, Ho letkncr

Experimental study of gas-solid flow In risers with FCC and sand particles . . 167

Xiao-Bo Qi, Wei-Xing Huang, Yan-Fu Shi, Jesse Zliu

Investigation on flow patterns in a spout-fluid bed with Shannon entropy and

fuzzy cluster analyses 175

Wenqi Zlwng, Mingyao Zliang

Axial and radial solids profiles in a high-density downer 1X1

Hengzhi Chen, Hongzhong Li

Characterization of flow regimes in a CFB riser by a fractal approach I hK

Guogang Sun

Analysis of fluidizing stability in dense phase powder feeder.

1 <>S

Guo-Liang Song, Jun-Hu 7Ju>u, Jian-Zlumg I in, Ke-ha Cen

Particle-wall friction factor in upward gas solid flows . . .XV

R Mabrouk, J Chaouki, C. Guy

Bottom and exit region solids hold-ups in circulating fluidized bed risers .'(f)

A S. hsangya, J. R. Graee, J, -X. YJm

Prediction of FCC and OCP products distribution based on multivariate statistics 116

A. Rekhhold, J, Gmeinbuuer, If. I'ewhtner, H llafhaiu-r

x

Segregation and attrition ofpolydisperse solids in a circulating fluidized bed 224

Piero Bareschino, Antonio Marzocchella, Piero Salatino

Antonio Cammawta, Riccardo Chirane

Pressure and solid distributions in the riser of a circulating fluidized bed 231

Adam Luckos, Paul Den Hoed

Correlation dimension estimate and its potential use inanalysis of gas-solid flows 239

Chungen Yin, Lassc Rosendahl, S0ren K. Km; Zhongyang Luo, Kefa Cen

III. Heat and Mass Transfer

An experimental Investigation on heat transfer to the ceiling of

the riser of circulating fluidized bed 246

R. '/Jiang, A. Dulta.P. llasu

Heat transfer measurements inside the furnace of a 13SMWe CFB boiler 254

Hal Zliang, Junfu 1m, Hairui Yang, Jianhua Yang, Yu Wang,

Xianbin Xiao, Xinmu Tiiao, Guangxi Yue

An semi empirical heat transfer model in the core of a CFB riser 261

R. Sundaresan, Ajit Kumar Kolar

IV. Models and Numerical Simulation

Discrete particle simulation of size segregation of particle mixtures In a gas fluidized bed...268

Y. Q. Feng, A. I). Yu

Scale-up effect on hydrodynamics of CFB risers with different diameters 275

Aijie Yan, Jesse (Jingxu) 7Jm

Similarities In CFB fluid dynamics 283

Dfiming Shi, U>thar Reh

Simulation of gas/solid flow behaviors and choking for

a CFB riser: the EMMS/CFI) approach 291

Ning Yang, Wei Ge, Genlin Niu, Chaohe Yang, Jinghai Li

Cluster behavior In CFB riser and downer simulated by CFD-DPM method 299

Minghui '/Jiang, Kaiwei Chu.Aibing Yu, Fei Wei

ConvertuiR measurement data to process knowledge by

using three-dimensional CFB furnace model 306

Kari MylShtSnen, Tlmo Hypptlnen, MiroiMSchkin

XI

A simplified method to predict heat release profiles in a circulating fluidized bed reactor... 313

J. Saastamoinen, H. Hclsii, J. Pitsinki, A. Tounmen, J. Hiimiilciiiien

Experimental and 3D computational study of multiphase flow behaviour

in a riser of a FCC process 321

Geoffrey Petit, Melirtlji Heinuti, Olivier Siinonin, Regis Andreitx

Eulerlan multiphase modeling of feed injection and vaporisation In FCC riser reactors MV,

Caroline Snulniur, Olivier Siinonin, Denis Vcdriuc, Liulovic Donnat

A realistic collision model based on lubrication in fluidized beds lid

Wenbin Zhang, Reiji Nadu, MasayuU Horio

Modeling of turbulent gas-particle flows in risers: influence of turbulence

modulation on the radial solids segregation 313

D.J. Patil, M. Van Sint Annaland, J.A.M. Kuipers

Modeling on core-aimulus-wall structure in circulating fluidized bed riser..

!5 I

Chao y.lut, Quit Yu, L, S. Fan

Modeling on agglomerate particulate (luidization of nano-particlcs:

determination of agglomerates size and internal structure <<>.>

Qun Yu, Cluw Zhu, Robert Pfejfer, Rajesh N. Dave

Unlike particles size collision model in 3D unsteady polydispersed

simulation of circulating fluidized bed nil

liatrak 0., Patina G., Simonin O., Flour I., Iji Guevel X, Perez /•.'.

Numerical simulation of the gas-solid flow In an internally

circulating fluidized bed with a DEM- CFI) model WK

Fengguo Turn, YinBin, M. C. Zhang, Mingynn (lu, Wang Lei

3-D simulation of crossflow evaporating sprays in circulating fluldl/ed beds W<>

Tong H. Lee, Xiaohua Wang, Cluw '/.hit

Two-dimensional combustion modeling of CFB boiler furnace based

on an culer-euler approach and the kinetic theory of granular flow v> l

Xianbin Xiao, Wei Wang, llairui Yang, Jiainheng //ami,1. (lunngKi Yue

Similarity analysis or CFB with two different riser heights .11).'

Han Xit, '/Jtuyou Coo, Jiitghai Li, lAitlutr Rett

Polymerization simulation under different fluidizallon regimes 4 Hi

Ping Cai, Ian P. Burden

V. Combustion and Gasification

Characterization of CFB feed materials in designing Foster Wheeler CFB boilers 418

Ttmo Jilntti, Miro Loschkin, Toni Pikkarainen, Jouni Miettinen, Kari Myohiinen

Design of a 480t/h CF1S boiler 426

Sluiolin Boo, Qinggang Lv, Yongjie No, Yunkai Sun, Jiezhong Slien, Xiaoping Su, Jim Li

Industrial application of ash agglomerating fluidized bed coal gasification

and gasification of petroleum coke for syngas and hydrogen production 431

Titian Fung, Jinlm Wit, Qingjeng Li. Jiejie Huang, Xiaoywi Ma, Yang Wang

The transition of the activation energy of the char from raw and de-mineralized coal 439

Slwttyu '/hang, Junfii Lv, Jiiinmi Zhang, Giuvigxi Yue, Yang Wang

Oxy-combustioa In CFB conditions 447

Tomtisz Cztikiert, Raj'al Kobylccki, Zbignicw His, Waldemar Muskala, Wojciech Ntnvak

Mechanical activation ofsorbents for desulphurization in CFB boilers 455

Arkadiusz. Szyiminek, Wojciech Nowak

Gasification of refuse derived fuel in a CFB gasification pilot plant 461

Keng-Ttmg Wu, Cliing-I Juch, Jit-Sliiou Chen, Syh-Wen Ho, Hom-Ti lj;e

Biomass gasification with clay minerals using a multi-bed reactor system 468

Davide Ross, Reiji Noda, Masamitsu Adaehi, Kazuo Nislu, Nao Tanaka, Masayuki llorio

Deposit formation and hot corrosion in biomass co-firing-challenges and

problem solving ia pilot and full scale CFB 474

Markka Orjtila, Jtmne Kiirki, Terttuliisa Lind, Maria Okxtt, f'asi Vciinikka

Bed material and additive variations for a dual fluidized bed steam

Gasifier In laboratory, pilot and demonstration scale 482

C. Pfeifer, M. Pourmodjib, R.Rtutch, H.Hofbauer

Particulate properties of coal ash in fluidized bed combustion systems 490

Manfred Wirsinn, Yuuning Xu

Enhanced hydrogen production from circulating fluidi/.ed bed

biomass gasification by double equilibrium shift 499

Xiianlian l.i. Altui-hldin M. Ailris, ("'. Jim Lint. John R. Grace, Naoku Ellis

Biomass gasification in circulating fluidized bed 507

Ping Chen, '/engll Z/mn, Clinangzhi Wu, Jesse Zhu. Yonn Chen

xiii

NO /N2O formation and destruction mechanism and an experimental study

regarding the effects of CO on NO reduction reaction with cliar-C 515

Hongpei Gao, Xianbin Sun, Pengll Wang, Haitao Wang, Ping Xiao, Minhua Jiang

Co-combustion of coal and petroleum refinery industry residues mixed

with high moisture sludge in a circulating fluidized bed 522

Hongpei Gao, Xianbin Sun, Pengli Wang, Haitao Wang, Ping Xiao, Minhua Jiang

Gasification process of woody biomass in CFB 537

Chi-Woong Lee, Kitzunori Kawalumi, Jim Kobayashi, Nobusuke Kobayashi,

Slugenobii Hutano, Yoshinori Itaya, Shigekatsu Mori

Conceptual design of an 800MWe supercritical pressure circulating fluidized

bed boiler and its performance prediction 529

Wu Yuxin, Lu Jwifu, Zhang Jiansheng, Yue Guangxi, Yu Long

Effects ofsolid additives on the control of trace elements during coal gasification 544

Huang Yaji, Jin Haosheng, Zliong ZJuioping, Xiao Rui, Zhou Hongcang

Capacity enhancement of a CFB gasifier by oxygen enrichment 522

Olle Wennberg, Anders Kullendorjf

Co-firing characteristics of solid wastes in circulating fluidized bed combustor 559

Toshiyuki Suda, Takahiro Murakami

Production of fim\s during co-combustion of coal with biomass fuels

by fragmentation and attrition,

565

/. Gulyurtlu, D. lloavida, H. Uipes, P. Granja, F. Lundberg, H. Thunman, L-EAmund

B. techier, J. Werther, E.-U. Hartge, C. Klett, P. Stilatino, F. Scuta, R. Chirone

F. Pratola, F. Repetto

Combustion characteristics and tube material evaluation of waste fired CFB 574

Kenji Tugashiru, fsao Torii, Kazuyuki Myouymi, Toshiaki Nixlu'o. Yoshihisa Amkawa

Incineration of sewage sludge in the circulating fluidized bed incinerator 582

Kenji Morioka, Chiaki Niwa, Katsuhiro Tokura

NOx experimental study on RDF combustion In a fluidized bed 58H

Zhao Song, Yan Chang-Feng, Li Hiii-Hi/i, '/Juio Zeng-IJ

Microstructurcs of Chinese coal ashes derived from combustion 595

Jun Cheng, Jiinhu Zlwu, Weijuan Yang, Zhijun VJunt, Jianzlumg Liu

Zhenyu Huang, Xiang ZJiao, Xinytt Cao, Kefa Cen

xiv

Economic ways to improve CFB boiler efficiency 602

Lijun Dang, Minhua Jiang, Zhenqi Liou, Xianbin Sun, Guanghua Li, Zliiwei Li

Agro-waste combustion in a circulating fluidized bed 609

Aysel T. Atimtay, Hllseyin Topal

Co-combustion of agricultural wastes in a circulating fluidized bed 617

Hiiseyin Topal, Aysel T. Atimtay

Chemical-looping combustion with inherent COj separation

in a circulating fluidized bed reactor 623

Sung Real Son, Sang Done Kim

Co-combustion of coal with high alkali straw. Measuring ofgaseous

alkali metals and sulfur emissions.monitoring 630

Glazei; M.P., Schttrmann, H., Monkhouse P., Jong, de W., Spliethoff, H.

The Influence of attrition and cyclone performance on the

Particle size distribution in a CFB system 637

Cornells Klett, Ernst-IIIrich Hartge, Joachim Werther

Research of fine PM pollution from the CFB coal combustion 645

Zliongyang Luo, Hong Xu, Xiang Goo, Peng Wang, Tao Wans, Kefa Cen

PCDD/FS inhibition for co-firing municipal solid waste and coal

in circulating fluidized bed incinerators 653

Shengyong Lit, Jianhua Yan, Xiaodong Li, Mingjiang Ni, Kefa Cen

Fly ash reburn to enhance the combustion efficiency ofCFB

boiler burning Fujian anthracite 659

Hongzhou He, Zliongyang Luo, Qinhui Wang, Kefa Cen

Design ofFcnyi 100MW CFB boiler 667

Zliiwei Wang, Xianbin Sun, Mln ZJiang, Human Lv, Zliengquem Xu

Ping Xiao, Zliiwei Li, Minhua Jiang

Spatial effects In the combustion chamber of the 235 Mwe CFB boilerTurow No. 3 675

E.-U. Hartge, S. Budinger, J. Werther

VI. Downer and Other Reacters

Analysis of flow structures in downer 683

Xtiesong Lu, Songgeng Li, Lin Du, JitmzJiong Yao, Weigang Lin

xv

Effects ofbinary component on particle velocity and coking behaviours, in downers 690

Zhang Jiyu, Zhu Yuan, Tian Yajun, Xie KeJiang

Mixing between injected liquid feed and circulating solids in a downer mixing chamber 697

Jenmfei Munition David Zhou, Mohammad Sabtnun, Cediu linens 1 laiuo Ikiiuti

Analysis of gas-solids suspension flow behavior in a high-density downer 704

B Wu Y Chan; L linens J X /hit

Local flow pattern in the entrance section of a downer 712

H limit K E Wirth

Novel design and modeling of a coupled high-density downer-riser reactor 720

Lhangnmg Wu Yi Cheng I'ei Wei, Yang Jm

Study of the axial liquid dispersion in a gas-liquid-solid circulating fluidi/ed bed 727

Maytmee Vaumakul, Guogang Sun Ying Zheng

CFD modeling of hydrodynamics in a liquid-solid circulating fluidi/id bed 711

VI Perarasu, P Kumar

The online fouling- preventing prevention technology of three-phase

fluidi/ation circulating in shell-side of shell-tube heat exchangers 741

Deqi Peng, TianktnYu, GuivmgLiu, Shaoqing Jiang, Xtitmin Yu, Xiaoheng/lit

VII. Development and New Applications

Studies of CO2 removal from flue gases using fly ash -based Zeolites.

748

/ Majchrzak-KucQba, W Nowak

Granular temperature, turbulent kinetic energy and solids fraction of

cork particles at the wall in the riser ofa CFB 755

Ronald W Hieaidl, Uiwreme J Shadte Piectcmshu Pandi \

Liquid solid circulating fluidized beds: an attractive immobilized biorcactor

system to treat phenolic pollutants 762

Umang J Tnvedi, Anunjeet S Hassi, Jesse Zlni

Circulating fluidized bed with high mass ratio of solid to gas 770

Hin LuDelong Xu, rutin Cheng, Shaoliang Feng, Mtistiyuki Hono

The Sphcrizonc PI* process: a new CFB reactor . . .778

Gabnele Met, Kuiardo Rinaldi, Giuseppe Penzo, Mauruio D011111

xvi

Use of different sorbents in thescmidry FGD process with a powder-particle spouted bed 786

Xiaoxun Ma, TSutomu Nakazato, Guangwen Xu, Chang Wang

Nobuyoshi Nakagawa, Kunio Kato

Roasting of gold ore using the circulating fluid bed technology 794

Jllrg Iiammerschmidt, Jochen Giintner, Bernd Kerstiens

Preparation of cost effective fuel for cement production by gasification of

waste materials in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) 803

S. Drebelhojf, K. F. Scharf, P. Scur. R. Wirthwein

Prospect demonstration of spray granulation in the fast fluidized bed,

809

Guangwen Xu, lljileni Stiller, Ernst-Vlrich Hartge, Joachim Werther

Operating experiences and measuring results of flue gas scrubbing plants for the

removal of multi pollutants according to the principle of the Graf-Wulff technology 819

R. Graf, H.-Q. Li

Development of an aerodynamic deduster technology for

particle separation from air stream 828

/. 7(»i, Yuanhui Zhang, Xlnlei Wang

What is possible to achieve on flue gas cleaning using the CFB technology ? 836

Jianglin Yi, Harold Suiter, Frank Leuschke, Rildiger Haege

Gasification process analysis and reactor realization a new

integrated approach of coal gasification 844

Jinliu Wu, Yilttin Fang, Hill Peng, Yang Wang

VIII. Components Development

Model validation of S-sorption with ZnO in a transport reactor 852

Esmail R. Monazam, Lawrence./. Shadle, DavidA. Berry

Gas composition and flow pattern In the loop seal of a CFB boiler 861

Andreas Johansson, HAkan Kassman, Filip Johnssoti, Bengt-Ake Aiulersson

A solids circulating system for non-periodic adsorption cnahnced

chemical reaction processes: hydrodynamics and solids motion 869

Yulong Ding, Shuiqiiig Li, Zhillimg Wang, Dongslieng Wen, Mojlaba Ghuidiri

Nozzles in CFB boilers 877

Pawel Mirek, Jiistynti Mirek, Robert Sekret, Wojciech Nmvak

xvu

The experimental investigation of arrowhead nozzles operating in a 235MWe CFB boiler 885

PawelMirek, Justyna Mirek, Wojciech Nowak

Numerical simulation of gas-solids flow and parametrical

studies in a horizontal square cyclone K''l

Qiang Zhou, Leming Cheng, Zliongyang Luo, Kefa Cen

The effect of riser termination geometry on close-coupled cyclone performance Hl>9

S. IS. Reddy Karri, T. M. Knowtton

Effect ofcyclone separation efficiency on emission and operating

parameters of circulating fluidized bed boilers 907

MnrekAndnejczyk, Rafai Kobylecki, Wojciech Nowak, Zbigniew Bis

Performance analysis of CFB cyclone based on Ar • Re scaling 915

Kenji Tagashira, Isao Torii, Kaziiyuki Myouyou, Masayukl Horio

IX. Measurement Techniques

Application of ultrasonictechnique to phase holdup measurement In a

gas-liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed 923

Ymg Zheng, Maytinee Vatanakul

Solids fluxes in a dilute riser measured by PDPA 930

Xinhua Liu, Shicjiu Gao, Wenli Song, Jingluil Li

Method of moments for gas-solid flows: application to the riser 936

M. Strumendo, D. Gidaspow, P. Canu

Early detection of agglomeration in circulating fluidized bed gasiflcrs and

combustors using attractor comparison 943

Make Bartels, Ruud Van Ommen, John Nijenliuis, Freek Kapteijn

Revisiting the analysis methods for pressure fluctuation

signals measured in fluidized beds 95(1

Ruud Van Ommen, Srdjan Sasic, John Van DerSchtuif, Stefan (SheorghiuMarc-Olivier Coppens, Jaap Schouten, Bo Ijickner, Filip Johnsson

Solid/gas ratio measurement in a CFB riser at elevated temperatures 957

Fan Jiangtao, Wei Weisheng, Xu Jian, liao Xiaojitn

CFB process analysis and control system development withmodern signal processing and pilot CFB reactor 965

A. Tourunen, J. Pitsinki, J. Rantanen, J. Saastamoinen, J. Hdmiiliiinen

Tommi Kilrkktlinen, Antti Vuorenmaa, Andr'cv Ivannikov

XVIll

X. Operation Experience

Design and operation of a 220t/h CFB boiler 972

ihaolm Bao Qtnggaiig I u Yongjie No Yunkai Sun JwihuaMao Zheng Wang

Large-scale CFB boilerwith different cyclone separation

cffititncits-operational experiences and analysis 978

RajalKobslnki MaukAndrZLjisk /bignu\s Bis

Higher boiler pertoimuncc with optimal fuel blend and soot-blowmg strategy 986

Janiu Kuiki lunoluno Markka Oijaln Past Vatnikka

Repowering of old pulveri/ed coal boilers—CF B boiler on Ntsvctay TPI*. 994

Atehts M liiuhtov GcorgvA Ryabo\

Operational experiences of a 262 MWc compact circulating

fluidized bed boiler at nirow power station 1002

SehetRobett Mirek Pawel Nowak Wojciech, Jablonski Jamisz Walkowiak Roman

The design and operation ofa domestic 135MW CFB boiler 1009

Peng Lei Tang Ycmg Liu Tai Mieng Nie Li Huang Min Peng Bet Song

Luio Jut Xuc Wang Yu Bin Zhou Qi

Pctcokc-fircd CFB boilers -a case study of the 2 x 100 MWe CFB's

for Zhcnghai Sinopcc in China 1017

Weigang Chen Sean Li Wang /hi Liang

xix