2009 6 57-88

* **

*

101 035-742817 e-mailwachang@mx.nthu.edu.tw 2009

** 2009/08/29 2009/10/29

58

59

Hakka's Thai Pak Kong:

Lan Fang Company's Founder Lo Fang-Pah and his enterprise

Wei-An Chang *, Jung-Chia Chang **

Abstract

We take Lan Fang company as the Southeast Asian Hakka research topic, because this company mainly consists of the ethnic Hakka from Jia-Ying County of Guang Dong in China. These Hakka people emigrated to West Borneo in the 18th century. The founder, Mr. Lo Fang-Pah, organized a Lan Fang gold mine company that then reformed as Lan Fang Presidential System in 1777. Finally it becomes a "Lan Fang Republic". For historians, this is a controversial event, especially the Chinese prefer to claim this as the first democratic republic country in the world, and emphasize that it is 10 years earlier then the United States of America, found by George Washington. Base on rare materials, this paper is trying to describe the history of the raise and fall of this company. What we could only confirm is that Lo Fang-Pah is a Hakka's Thai Pak Kong , and the Lan Fang company is a Hakkas gold mine company, and it has a special self governing and defense system, which may share similar structure with their home town in China; however, we don't have material to answer whether this company is

* Professor, Institute of Sociology, National Tsing Hua University. The first draft is presented

in "the annual conference of Southeast Asian regional study of Taiwan in 2009". The author thanks Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao, Liu A-Rong, Hsu Yu-Chun and two anonymous reviewers for their critical comments and suggestions that contributed to this paper.

** Ph.D. Student, Institute of Sociology, National Tsing Hua University.

60

democratic republic or not, hopefully will have an answer in another separated paper in the future.

Keywords: Lo Fang-Pah, Lan Fang Company, Lan Fang Presidential

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