CHUYN : LNG T NH SNGA. TM TT L THUYTI. Hin tng quang in(ngoi) - Thuyt lng t nh sng.a. Hin tng quang inHin tng nh sng lm bt cc electron ra khi mt kim loi gi l hin tng quang in ngoi (gi tt l hin tng quang in).b. Cc nh lut quang in+ nh lut quang in th nht (nh lut v gii hn quang in):i vi mi kim loi nh sng kch thch phi c bc sng ngn hn hay bng gii hn quang in 0 ca kim loi , mi gy ra c hin tng quang in: 0.+ nh lut quang in th hai (nh lut v cng dng quang in bo ha):i vi mi nh sng thch hp (c 0), cng dng quang in bo ha t l thun vi cng chm nh sng kch thch.+ nh lut quang in th ba (nh lut v ng nng cc i ca quang electron):ng nng ban u cc i ca quang electron khng ph thuc vo cng ca chm sng kch thch, m ch ph thuc vo bc sng nh sng kch thch v bn cht kim loi.c. Thuyt lng t nh sng+ Chm nh sng l chm cc phtn (cc lng t nh sng). Mi phtn c nng lng xc nh (nng lng ca 1 ph tn = hf(J). Nu trong chn khng thc hf h..

f l tn s ca sng nh sng n sc tng ng. h=6,625.10-34 J.s : hng s Plank;c =3.108 m/s : vn tc nh sng trong chn khng.+ Cng chm sng t l vi s phtn pht ra trong 1 giy.+ Phn t, nguyn t, electron pht x hay hp th nh sng,ngha l chng pht x hay hp th phtn.+ Cc phtn bay dc theo tia sng vi tc c = 3.108 m/s trong chn khng.+ Nng lng ca mi phtn rt nh. Mt chm sng d yu cng cha rt nhiu phtn do rt nhiu nguyn t, phn t pht ra. V vy ta nhn thy chm sng lin tc. +Phtn ch tn ti trong trng thi chuyn ng. Khng c phtn ng yn.d. Gii thch cc nh lut quang in+ Cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in:hf = hc= A + 21mv2max 0.+ Gii thch nh lut th nht: c hin tng quang in th nng lng ca phtn phi ln hn hoc bng cng thot: hf = hc A = 0hc 0; -vi 0 l gii hn quang in ca kim loi:0 =Ahc -Cng thot ca e ra khi kim loi : 0.c hA -Tn s sng nh sng gii hn quang in :00cf vi : V0 l vn tc ban u cc i ca quang e(n v ca V0 l m/s) 0l gii hn quang in ca kim loi lm catot(n v ca 0 l m; m; nm;pm) m (hay me ) = 9,1.10-31 kg l khi lng ca e;e = 1,6.10-19 C l in tch nguyn t ;1eV=1,6.10-19J.+Bng gi tr gii hn quang inCht kim loi o( m)Cht kim loio( m)Cht bn dno( m)Bc 0,26 Natri 0,50 Ge 1,88ng 0,30 Kali 0,55 Si 1,11Km 0,35 Xesi 0,66 PbS 4,14Nhm 0,36 Canxi 0,75 CdS 0,90e. Lng tnh sng -ht ca nh sng+nh sng va c tnh cht sng, va c tnh cht ht. Ta ninh sng c lng tnh sng - ht.+Trong mi hin tng quang hc, nh sng thng th hin r mt trong hai tnh cht trn. Khi tnh cht sng th hin r th tnh cht ht li m nht, v ngc li.GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 1Iboha IOUh U+Sng in t c bc sng cng ngn, phtn c nng lng cng ln th tnh cht ht th hin cng r, nh hin tng quang in, kh nng m xuyn, kh nng pht quang,cn tnh cht sng cng m nht. +Tri li sng in t c bc sng cng di, phtn ng vi n c nng lng cng nh, th tnh cht sng li th hin r hn nh hin tng giao thoa, nhiu x, tn sc, , cn tnh cht ht th m nht.II. Hin tng quang in trong.a. Cht quang dnCht quang dn l nhng cht bn dn, dn in km khi khng b chiu sng v dn in tt khi b chiu nh sng thch hp.b. Hin tng quang in trongHin tng nh sng gii phng cc electron lin kt chng tr thnh cc electron dn ng thi to ra cc l trng cng tham gia vo qu trnh dn in, gi l hin tng quang in trong.c. Quang in trc ch to da trn hiu ng quang in trong. l mt tm bn dn c gi tr in tr thay i khi cng chm nh sng chiu vo n thch hp.d. Pin quang inPin quang in l ngun in trong quang nng c bin i trc tip thnh in nng. Hot ng ca pin da trn hin tng quang in trong ca mt s cht bn dn ( ng xit, slen, silic,...). Sut in ng ca pin thng c gi tr t 0,5 V n 0,8 VPin quang in (pin mt tri) tr thnh ngun cung cp in cho cc vng su vng xa, trn cc v tinh nhn to, con tu v tr, trong cc my o nh sng, my tnh b ti. III. So snh hin tng quang in ngoi v quang in trong:So snh Hin tng quang in ngoi Hin tng quang dnVt liu Kim loiCht bn dnBc sng as kch thch Nh, nng lng ln (nh tia t ngoi) Va, nng lng trung bnh (as nhn thy..)Do u im ch cn as kch thch c nng lng nh (bc sng di nh as nhn thy) nn hin tng quang in trong c ng dng trong quang in tr (in tr thay i khi chiu as kch thch, dng trong cc mch iu khin t ng) v pin quang in (bin trc tip quang nng thnh in nng)IV. Hin tng quangPht quang.a. S pht quang+ C mt s cht khi hp th nng lng di mt dng no , th c kh nng pht ra cc bc x in t trong min nh sng nhn thy.Cc hin tng gi l s pht quang.+ Mi cht pht quang c mt quang ph c trng cho n.b.Hunh quang v ln quang- So snh hin tng hunh quang v ln quang:So snh Hin tng hunh quangHin tng ln quangVt liu pht quang Cht kh hoc cht lngCht rnThi gian pht quangRt ngn, tt rt nhanh sau khi tt as kch thchKo di mt khong thi gian sau khi tt as kch thch (vi phn ngn giy n vi gi, ty cht)c im - ng dngAs hunh quang lun c bc sng di hn as kch thch (nng lng nh hn- tn s ngn hn)Bin bo giao thng, n ngc. nh lut Xtc v s pht quang( c im canh sng hunh quang )nh sng pht quang c bc sng hq di hn bc sng ca nh sng kch thch kt: hf hq < hfkt => hq > kt.d.ng dng ca hin tng pht quangS dng trong cc n ng thp sng, trong cc mn hnh ca dao ng k in t, tivi, my tnh. S dng sn pht quang qut trn cc bin bo giao thng.V. Mu nguyn t Bo.a. Mu nguyn t ca Bo+Tin v trng thi dng-Nguyn t ch tn ti trong mt s trng thi c nng lng xc nh En, gi l cc trng thi dng. Khi trng thi dng, nguyn t khng bc x.-Trong cc trng thi dng ca nguyn t, electron chuyn ng quanh ht nhn trn nhng qu o c bn knh hon ton xc nh gi l qu o dng.-Cng thc tnh qu o dng ca electron trong nguyn t hyr: rn = n2r0, vi n l s nguyn vGV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 2 r0 = 5,3.10-11 m, gi l bn knh Bo (lc e qu o K)Trng thi dng n 1 2 3 4 5 6Tn qu o dng K L M N O PBn knh: rn = n2r0r04r09r016r025r036r0Nng lng e Hidro 213, 6( )nE eVn=-213, 61-213, 62-213, 63-213, 64-213, 65-213, 66-Nng lng electron trong nguyn t hir:213,6( )nE eVn=- Vi n N*.-Bnh thng, nguyn t trng thi dng c nng lng thp nht gi l trng thi c bn. Khi hp th nng lng th nguyn t chuyn ln trng thi dng c nng lng cao hn, gi l trng thi kch thch. Thi gian nguyn t trng thi kch thch rt ngn (c 10-8 s). Sau nguyn t chuyn v trng thi dng c nng lng thp hn v cui cng v trng thi c bn.+ Tin v s bc x v hp th nng lng ca nguyn t -Khi nguyn t chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng Ensang trng thi dng c nng lng Emnh hn th nguyn t pht ra mt phtn c nng lng:= hfnm = En Em.-Ngc li, nu nguyn t trng thi dng c nng lng Em m hp th c mt phtn c nng lng hf ng bng hiu En Em th n chuyn sang trng thi dng c nng lng En ln hn.-S chuyn t trng thi dng Em sang trng thi dng En ng vi s nhy ca electron t qu o dng c bn knh rm sang qu o dng c bn knh rn v ngc li.

b. Quang ph pht x v hp th ca nguyn t hidr-Nguyn t hir c cc trng thi dng khc nhau EK, EL, EM, ... . Khi electron chuyn ng trn cc qu o dng K, L, M, ...-Khi electron chuyn t mc nng lng cao (Ecao) xung mc nng lng thp hn (Ethp) th n pht ra mt phtn c nng lng xc nh: hf = Ecao Ethp.-Mi phtn c tn s f ng vi mt sng nh sng n sc c bc sng =fc, tc l mt vch quang ph c mt mu (hay mt v tr) nht nh. iu l gii quang ph pht x cahir l quang ph vch.-Ngc li nu mt nguyn t hir ang mt mc nng lng Ethpno m nm trong mt chm nh sng trng, trong c tt c cc phtn c nng lng t ln n nh khc nhau, th lp tc nguyn t s hp th mt phtn c nng lng ph hp = Ecao Ethp chuyn ln mc nng lng Ecao. Nh vy, mt sng nh sng n sc b hp th, lm cho trn quang ph lin tc xut hin mt vch ti. Do quang ph hp th ca nguyn t hir cng l quang ph vch.VI. S lc v laze.Laze l mt ngun sng pht ra mt chm sng cng ln da trn vic ng dng hin tng pht x cm ng.a.. c im ca laze+ Laze c tnh n sc rt cao. + Tia laze l chm sng kt hp (cc phtn trong chm c cng tn s v cng pha).+ Tia laze l chm sng song song (c tnh nh hng cao).+ Tia laze c cng ln. V d: laze rubi (hng ngc) c cng ti 106 W/cm2.b. Mt s ng dng calaze+ Tia laze c dng nh dao m trong phu thut mt, cha mt s bnh ngoi da (nh tc dng nhit), .+ Tia laze dng truyn thng thng tin bng cp quang, v tuyn nh v, iu khin con tu v tr, ...+ Tia laze dng trong cc u c a CD, bt ch bng, bn , th nghim quang hc trng ph thng, ...+ Tia laze c dng trong o c , ngm ng thng ...+ Ngoi ra tia laze cn c dng khoan, ct, ti, ...chnh xc cc vt liu trong cng nghip.B. CC DNG BI TPI. HIN TNG QUANG IN:GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 3hp th

bc x

hfmnEnEmhfnmNguyn tc thnh cng: Suy ngh tch cc; Cm nhn am m; Hnh ng kin tr !Chc cc em hc sinhTHNH CNG trong hc tp! Su tm v chnh l: GV: on Vn Lng Email:doanvluong@yahoo.com ;doanvluong@gmail.com; T: 0915718188 09068482381 . Cc cng thc: +Nng lng ca phtn nh sng: =hf. Trong chn khng:= hc.+Cng thc Anhxtanh:hf = hc= A + 21mv2max 0= 0hc + Wdmax; +Gii hn quang in : 0 = Ahc; + Cng thot ca e ra khi kim loi : 0.c hA v0Max l vn tc ban u ca electron quang in khi thot khi cattf, l tn s, bc sng ca nh sng kch thch + dng quang in trit tiu th UAK Uh (Uh < 0):20 ax2MhmveU = Uh gi l hiu in th hmLu : Trong mt s bi ton ngi ta ly Uh > 0 th l ln.+ Xt vt c lp v in, c in th cc i VMaxv khong cch cc i dMax m electron chuyn ng trong in trng cn c cng E c tnh theo cng thc:2ax 0 ax ax12M M MeV mv e Ed = =+ Vi U l hiu in th gia anot v catot, vA l vn tc cc i ca electron khi p vo ant, vK = v0Max l vn tc ban u cc i ca electron khi ri catt th: 2 21 12 2A KeU mv mv = -+S ht photn p vo:pt pt N = = hc+Cng sut ca ngun sng: n P

n l s photon pht ra trong mi giy. l lng t nh sng.+Cng dng quang in bo ha: e n Ie bh (Gi s n= ne , vi n l s electron n c Ant)en l s quang electron bc ra khi catot mi giy =n s electron ti anot mi giy e l in tch nguyn t.+Hiu in th hm: 201/ /2h eeU mv +Hiu sut lng t: nnHeHay :bhI hcH =p een l s electron bc ra khi catot kim loi mi giy. n l s photon p vo catot trong mi giy.2 . Cc HNG SVt L v I N VVt L : +Hng s Plank:h = 6,625.10-34 J.s +Vn tc nh sng trong chn khng: c = 3.108 m/s +in tch nguyn t : |e| = 1,6.10-19 C; haye = 1,6.10-19 C +Khi lng ca e : m (hay me ) = 9,1.10-31 kg +i n v:1eV=1,6.10-19J.1MeV=1,6.10-13J. +Cc hng s c ci sn trong my tinh cm tay Fx570MS; Fx570ES; 570ES Plus bng cc lnh: [CONST]Number [0 40]( xem cc m lnh trn np ca my tnh cm tay ) . +Lu : Khi tnh ton dng my tnh cm tay, ty theo yu cu bi c th nhp trc tip cc hng s t bi cho,hocnumunkt quchnh xc hn th nn nhp cchng sthng quaccm lnh CONST [040] c ci t sn trong my tinh! (Xem thm bng HNG S VT Ldi y) *HNG S VT L - I N V VT LTRONG MY TNH CM TAY.a.Cc hng s vt l: Vi my tnh cm tay, ngoi cc tin ch nh tnh ton thun li, thc hin cc php tnh nhanh, n gin v chnh xc th phi k ti tin ch tra cu mt s hng s vt l v i mt s n v trong vt l. Cc hng s vt l c ci sn trong b nh ca my tnh vi n v trong h n v SI. Cc hng s thng dng l:GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 4Hng s vt l M s Cch nhp my :My 570MS bm: CONST040 =My 570ES bm:SHIFT 7040 =Gi tr hin thKhi lng prton (mp) 01 Const[01] =1,67262158.10-27 (kg)Khi lng ntron (mn) 02 Const[02] =1,67492716.10-27 (kg)Khi lng lectron (me) 03 Const[03] =9,10938188.10-31 (kg)Bn knh Bo (a0) 05 Const[05] =5,291772083.10-11 (m)Hng s Plng (h) 06 Const[06] =6,62606876.10-34 (Js)Khi lng 1u (u) 17 Const[17] =1,66053873.10-27 (kg)Hng s Faray (F) 22 Const[22] =96485,3415 (mol/C)in tch lectron (e) 23 Const[23] =1,602176462.10-19 (C)S Avgar (NA) 24 Const[24] =6,02214199.1023 (mol-1)Hng s Bnzman (k) 25 Const[25] =1,3806503.10-23 (SI)Th tch mol kh iu kin tiu chun (Vm)26 Const[26] =0,022413996 (m3)Hng s kh l tng (R) 27 Const[27] =8,314472 (J/mol.K)Tc nh sng trong chn khng (C0) hay c28 Const[28] =299792458 (m/s)Hngsinmi cachn khng (0)32 Const[32] =8,854187817.10-12 (SI)Hng s t mi ca chn khng (0)33 Const[33] =1,256637061.10-6 (SI)Gia tc trng trng ti mt t (g)35 Const[35] =9,80665 (m/s2)Hng s Rydberg RH (R)16 Const[16] =1,097373157.10 7 (m-1)Hng s hp dn (G) 39 Const[39] =6,673.10-11 (Nm2/kg2)-V d1: My 570ES:Cc hng sThao tc bm my Fx 570ES Kt qu hin thmn hnh Ghi chHng s Plng (h)SHIFT 7CONST06 =6.62606876 .10-34 J.s Tc nh sng trong chn khng (C0) hay cSHIFT 7CONST28 =299792458 m/s in tch lectron (e)SHIFT 7CONST23 =1.602176462 10-19 C Khi lng lectron (me)SHIFT 7CONST03 =9.10938188 .10-31 KgHng s Rydberg RH (R) SHIFT 7CONST16 = 1,097373157.10 7 (m-1)b. i n v ( khng cn thit lm):Vi cc m lnh ta c th tra bng in np ca my tnh. - My 570ESbmShift8 Conv [m s] = -V d 2:T 36 km/h sang ? m/s , bm:36Shift8[Conv]19=Mn hnh hin th : 10m/s My 570MSbm ShiftConstConv [m s] = 3. Cc dng bi tp:Cho 1 eV = 1,6.10-19 J ; h = 6,625.10-34 Js ; c = 3.108 m/s; me = 9,1.10-31 kg.Dng 1: Tnh gii hn quang in, cng thot v vn tc cc i ban u ca e quang in khi bt ra khi Katot.a.PPG: -Gii hn quang in: 0 =Ahc ; Cng thot 0.c hA ; A: Jhoc eV; 1eV =1,6.10-19 JGV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 5 -Phng trnh Anhxtanh:hf = hc= A + 21mv2max 0 -ng nng cc i:max01 1( )dW hc 20012hc hcmv +=>002 1 1( )ehcvm -Cc hng s : 34 8 196, 625.10 ; 3.10 / ; 1, 6.10 h c m s e C ; 319,1.10em kgb.Cc V d : V d 1: Gii hn quang in ca kml o =0,35 m. Tnh cng thot ca lectron khi km?HD gii: T cng thc: 0hc hcA0A > 34 86, 625.10 .3.1060, 35.10=5,67857.10-19 J =3,549eVBm my tnh: phn sSHIFT 706h XSHIFT 7 28 Co 0,35X10x-6 =5.6755584x10-19Ji sang eV: Chia tip cho e: Bm chiaSHIFT 7 23 =Hin th:3,5424 eV Nhn xt: Hai kt qu trn khc nhau l do thao tc cch nhp cc hng s !!! V d 2: (TN-2008): Gii hn quang in ca ng (Cu) l 0 = 0,30 m. Bit hng sh = 6,625.10-34 J.s v vn tc truyn nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.108 m/s. Cng thot ca lectrn khi b mt ca ng l A.6,625.10-19 J.B. 6,265.10-19 J.C. 8,526.10-19 J. D. 8,625.10-19 J.HD Gii: Cng thot: . J 6,625.1010 . 3 , 010 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 619 -68 340 hcAp n AV d 3: Gi hn quang in ca Gel o = 1,88 m. Tnh nng lng kch hat (nng lng cn thit gii phng mt lectron lin kt thnhlectrondn) caGe?HD gii: T cng thc: 0hc hcA0A > 34 86, 625.10 .3.1061,88.10=1,057.10-19 J = 0,66eVV d 4:Mt kim loi c cng thot l 2,5eV. Tnh gii hn quang in ca kim loi :A. 0,4969mB. 0,649mC. 0,325mD. 0,229mHDGii : Gii hn quang in 34 819hc 6.625.10 .3.100A 2.5.1, 6.10 =4,96875.10-7 m = 0,4969 m .p n AV d 5: Gii hn quang in ca KL dng lm Kotot l 0,66 m. Tnh: 1. Cng thot ca KL dng lm K theo n v J v eV.2. Tnh ng nng cc i ban u v vn tc cc i ca e quang in khi bt ra khi K, bit nh sng chiu vo c bc sng l 0,5 m .HD gii: 1.0hc hcA0A > =1,875eV=3.10-19 J. 2. max01 1(dW hc ) = 9,63.10-20 J =>002 1 1( )ehcvm Th s:34 8031 62.6, 625.10 .3.10 1 1( )9,1.10 .10 0, 5 0, 66v = 460204,5326 = 4,6.105 m/s V d 6: Catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot bng 3,5eV.a. Tm tn s gii hn v gii hn quang in ca kim loi y.b. Khi chiu vo catt mt bc x c bc sng 250 nm c xy ra hin tng quang in khng?-Tm hiu in th gia A v K dng quang in bng 0.-Tm ng nng ban u cc i ca cc lectron quang in.-Tm vn tc ca cc lectron quang in khi bt ra khi K.HD gii: a.Tn s gii hn quang in:f = c/0 = A/h = 3,5.1,6.10-19/6,625.10-34 = 0,845.1015 Hz. Gii hn quang in o = hc/A = 6,625.10-34.3.108/3,5.1,6.10-19= 3,55.10-7m. =0,355 mGV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 6b. V = 250 nm =0,250 m < o = 0,355 m nn xy ra hin tng quang in - dng quang in trit tiu th cng ca in trng phi trit tiung nng ban u cc i ca lectron quang. 2 2 34 819 0 019 81 1 6, 625.10 .3.10( ) ( 3, 5.1, 6.10 )2 2. 1, 6.10 25.10h hmv mv hceU U Ae e => Uh = - 1,47 V -ng nng ban u cc i 20/ / 1, 472hmveU eV = 1,47.1,6.10-19= 2,35.10-19J= 0,235.10-18JHay : W= ,_

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8 88 3402010 . 5 , 35110 . 25110 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 61 1hc2mv= 0,235.10-18J-Vn tc ca lectron 53118010 . 19 , 710 . 1 , 910 . 235 , 0 . 2 2 mWvm/s.Dng 2: Lin h gia ng nng ban u( vn tc ban u)vhiu in th hm gia 2 cc ca A v K trit tiu dng quang in. PPG . -PT Anhxtanh:hf = hc= A + 21mv2max 0. - nh l ng nng:max.deUh W =>01 1( )hhcUe V d 1: Ta chiu nh sng c bc sng0,42 m vo K ca mt tbq. Cng thot ca KL lm K l 2eV. trit tiu dng quang in th phi duy tr mt hiu in th hmUAK bng bao nhiu?HD Gii: 01 1( )hhcUe Tnh c Uh= - 0,95V V d 2:Chiu chm bc x in t c tn s f = 5,76.1014 Hz vo mt ming kim loi th cc quang electron c vn tc ban u cc i l v = 0,4.106 m/s. Tnh cng thot electron v bc sng gii hn quang in ca kim loi .HD Gii : A = hf - 2021mv= 3,088.10-19 J; 0 = Ahc= 0,64.10-6 m.V d 3:Cng thot electron khi kim loi natri l 2,48 eV. Mt t bo quang in c catt lm bng natri, khi c chiu sng bng chm bc x c = 0,36 m th cho mt dng quang in c cng bo ha l 3 A. Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang in v s electron bt ra khi catt trong 1 giy.HD Gii: Wd0 = hc- A = 1,55.10-19 J; v0 = mWd 02= 0,58.106 m/s; ne = eIbh= 1,875.1013.V d 4: Chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,438 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in. Bit kim loi lm catt ca t bo quang in c gii hn quang in l 0 = 0,62 m. Tm in p hm lm trit tiu dng quang in.HD Gii : Wd0 = hc- 0hc= 1,33.10-19 J; Uh = - eWd 0= - 0,83 V.V d 5:Chiu mt bc x in t c bc sng vo catt ca mt t bo quang in. Bit cng thot electron ca kim loi lm catt l 3eV v cc electron bn ra vi vn tc ban u cc i l 7.105 m/s. Xc nh bc sng ca bc x in t v cho bit bc x in t thuc vng no trong thang sng in t.HD Gii : =2021mv Ahc+= 0,215.10-6 m; bc x thuc vng t ngoi.V d 6:Chiu bc x c bc sng 0,405 m vo mt tm kim loi th cc quang electron c vn tc ban u cc i l v1. Thay bc x khc c tn s 16.1014 Hz th vn tc ban u cc i ca cc quang electron l v2 = 2v1. Tm cng thot electron ca kim loi.HD Gii: f1 = 1c= 7,4.1014 Hz; 2121mv= hf1 A; 2221mv= 42121mv= hf2 A 4 = A hfA hf12 A = 342 1hf hf = 3.10-19 J.GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 7V d 7:Chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,4 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in. Bit cng thot electron ca kim loi lm catt l A = 2 eV, in p gia ant v catt l UAK = 5 V. Tnh ng nng cc i ca cc quang electron khi ti ant.HD Gii : W0 = hc- A = 8,17.10-19 J; Wmax = W0 + |e|UAK = 16,17.10-19 J = 10,1 eV.V d 8:Catot ca t bo quang in lm bng ng, cng thot khi ng l 4,47eV.Cho bit: h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s) ; c = 3.108 (m/s) ; e = 1,6.10-19 (C).a. Tnh gii hn quang in ca ng.b. Chiu ng thi 2 bc x in t c bc sng 1 = 0,210 (m) v2 = 0,320 (m) vo catot ca t bo quang in trn, phi t hiu th hm bng bao nhiu trit tiu hon ton dng quang in. HD Gii : a. Tnh 0 .Gii hn quang in ca ng: 0 = ( 278 , 010 . 6 , 1 . 47 , 410 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6198 34 Ahcm). b. Tnh Uh:1 < 0 < 2 do ch c 1 gy ra hin tng quang in.iu kin dng quang in trit tiu: max h AKW eU U e > . ) ( 446 , 11maxV Ahce eWUh

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>V d 9:Tnh nng lng, ng lng v khi lng ca photn ng vi cc bcx in t sau y:a. Bc x c = 0,76 m.b. Sng v tuyn c = 500 m.c. Tia phng x c f = 4.1017 KHz. Cho bit c = 3.108 m/s ; h = 6,625.10-34 J.sHD Gii :a. Bc x c = 0,76 m. - Nng lng: = hf= ) ( 10 . 15 , 2610 . 76 , 010 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 62068 34J - ng lng: = ) / . ( 10 . 72 , 828s m kgc. - Khi lng:m = 2c = 2,9.10-36 (kg).b. Sng v tuyn c = 500 m. Tng t, ta c:- Nng lng: = hf=) ( 10 . 975 , 328J - ng lng: = ) / . ( 10 . 325 , 136s m kgc.- Khi lng:m = 2c = 4,42.10-45 (kg).c. Tng t:- Nng lng: = hf= 26,5.10-14 (J).- ng lng: = ) / . ( 10 . 8 , 822s m kgc.- Khi lng: m = 2c = 0,94.10-31 (kg).Dng 3: ChoUAK> 0hy tnh vn tc ca e khi p vo Anot.PPG: Gi v l vn tc ca e khi p vo Anot. p dng nh l ng nng: 2 201 12 2AKmv mv eU => 2 201 12 2AKmv mv eU +=> 212AKmv A eU + +201 1 1( )2AKmv hc eU +=>v....Dng 4: Cho cng sut ca ngun bc x. Tnh s Phton p vo Katot sau thi gian tPPG: Nng lng ca chm photon ri vo Katot sau khong thi gian t:W = P.t-S photon p vo Katot: . ..W P tnh c -Cng sut ca ngun : P = n..(n l s photon tng ng vi bc x pht ra trong 1 giy).-Cng dng in bo ho : Ibh = ne.e .(ne l s electron quang in t catot n anot trong 1 giy).-Hiu sut quang in : H = nne

V d 1: Mt ngn n pht ra nh sng n sc c =0,6 ms pht ra bao nhiu photon trong 10s nu cng sutn l P = 10W.Gii: 62034 8. . 10.0, 6.10 .103, 0189.10. 6.625.10 .3.10W P tnhc = 3,02 .1020 photonV d 2: Ngun Laser mnh pht ra nhng xung bc x c nng lng3000 W J . Bc x pht ra c bc sng nm 480 . Tnh s photon trong mi bc x ?GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 8HD Gii : Gi s photon trong mi xung l n.( l nng lng ca mt photon) Nng lng ca mi xung Laser: W n 92134 8. 3000.480.107, 25.10. 6, 625.10 .3.10W Wnh c photonDng 5: Cho cng dng quang in bo ho. Tnh s e quang in bt ra khi Katotsau khong thi gian t. PPG:in lng chuyn tK A : q= Ibh.t = ne.e => . bheI t qne e Gi ne l s e quang in bt ra Kaot ( ne n); Gi n l s e quang n c Ant ( n ne, Khi I = Ibh. Thn = ne ) Lu : Nu khng cho r %e quang in bt ra v c Anot th lc ta c th cho n= ne= n V d 1: Cho cng dng quang in bo bo l 0,32mA. Tnh s e tch ra khi Katot ca t bo quang introng thi gian 20s bit ch 80% s e tch ra v c Anot.HD Gii: H =nne= 0,8 => n =enH Hay: ..bhI tne H .Th s: 316190,32.10 .205.101,6.10 .0,8n hat V d 2: Mt t bo quang in c catt lm bng Asen c cng thot electron bng 5,15 eV. Chiu chm sng n sc c bc sng 0,20 m vo catt ca t bo quang in th thy cng dng quang in bo ha l 4,5 A. Bit cng sut chm bc x l 3 mW . Xc nh vn tc cc i ca electron khi n va b bt ra khi catt v hiu sut lng t.HD Gii . Ta c: Wd0 = hc- A = 1,7.10-19 J; v0 = mWd 02= 0,6.106 m/s. ne = eIbh= 2,8.1013;n =hcPhcP = 3.1015 H = nne= 9,3.10-3 = 0,93%.Dng 6: Tnh hiu sut lng t ca t bo quang in.PPG: Hiu sut lng t ca t bo quang in l i lng c tnh bng t s gia s e quang in bt ra khi Katot vi s photon p vo Katot.H = nne => ... .bhbhI tI hceHP tePhc .V d 1: Khi chiu 1 bc x in t c bc sng 0,5 micromet vo b mt ca t bo quang in to ra dng in bo ha l 0,32A. Cng sut bc x p vo Katot l P=1,5W. tnh hiu sut ca t bo quang in.HD Gii: 34 819 6. . 0, 32.6, 625.10 .3.10.100% 53%. . 1, 6.10 .1, 5.0, 5.10bhI h cHe P V d 2 :Kim loi lm catot ca t bo quang in c gii hn quang in 0,32 (m). Chiu nh sng c bc sng 0,25 (m) vo catot ca t bo quang in trn.Cho bit :h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s) ; c = 3.108 (m/s) ; me = 9,1.10-31 (kg) ;-e = -1,6.10-19 (C).a) Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang in.b) Bit rng cc electron thot ra u b ht v anot, cng dng quang in bo ho bng 0,7 mA. Tnh s electron thot ra khi catot trong mi giy.HD Gii: Ta c: 2max 021mv U eAK.Phng trnh Anh-xtanh :hc = 22max 0mvA+= A + eUh .GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 9Theo iu kin bi ton, ta c:( ) s JcU U ehe U Ah ce U Ah ch hhh. 1 0 . 4 3 3 , 61 1) (3 41 21 22211

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'+ + .V d 3 :Cng thot ca lectron i vi Natri l 2,48 (eV). Catot ca t bo quang in lm bng Natri c chiu sng bi bc x c bc sng = 0,36 (m) th c dng quang in bo ho Ibh = 50 (mA).Cho bit:h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s); c = 3.10 (m/s) ; me = 9,1.10-31 (kg); - e = - 1,6.10-19 (C).a) Tnh gii hn quang in ca Natri.b) Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca lectron quang in.c) Hiu sut quang in bng 60%, tnh cng sut ca ngun bc x chiu vo catt.HD Gii: a) Tnh 0. Gii hn quang in :0 = ( 5 , 0 Ahcm).b) Tnh v0. Phng trnh Anh-xtanh:hc = 22max 0mvA+ .Suy ra:( ) s m Ahcmve/ 10 . 84 , 525max 0 ,_

c) Tnh P. Ta c Ibh = ne.e suy ra ne = eIbh.P= n. suy ra n =P.

nnHe do 29 , 0. Hehc IPbh (W).Dng 7: ng dng ca hin tng quang in tnh cc hng s h, e, A.p dng cc cng thc: - Nng lng ca phtn : = hf = hc.- Phng trnh Anh-xtanh : = 22max 0mvA+ .- Hiu in th hm : 2max 021mv eU U eh AK .V d 1:Khi chiu mt chm sng vo mt kim loi th c hin tng quang in xy ra. Nu dng hiu in th hm bng 3 (V) th cc lectron quang in b gi li khng bay sang anot c. Cho bit gii hn quang in ca kim loi l : 0 = 0,5 (m) ; h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s) ; c = 3.108 (m/s) ; -e = -1,6.10-19 (C). Tnh tn s ca chm nh sng ti kim loi. HD Gii :Cc lectron quang in b gi li hon ton khng qua c anot nn : 2max 021mv eU U eh AK Phng trnh Anh-xtanh : hf = A + 2max 021mv.Hay hf = eUh + A = eUh + 0hc; Suy ra: f = 0cheUh+.Thay s, ta c :) ( 10 . 245 , 1310 . 5 , 010 . 310 . 625 , 63 . 10 . 6 , 114683419Hz f + .V d 2: Chiu bc x c bc sng 0,35 (m) vo mt kim loi, cc lectron kim quang in bn ra u b gi li bi mt hiu in th hm. Khi thay chm bc x c bc sng gim 0,05 (m) th hiu in th hm tng 0,59 (V). Tnh in tch ca lectron quang in. Cho bit : h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s) ; c = 3.108 (m/s).GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 10HD Gii :Ta c hc = 22max 0mvA+= A + eUh( Phng trnh Anh-xtanh)Theo iu kin bi ton: ' + + + ) ( U U e Ah ce U Ah chh ViU = 0,59 (V) v =0,05 (m).Suy ra: ) ( 10 . 604 , 11 119CUhce ,_

.V d 3 :Ln lt chiu hai bc x c bc sng 1 = 0,405 (m), 2 = 0,436 (m) vo b mt ca mt kim loi v o hiu in th hm tng ng Uh1 = 1,15 (V); Uh2 = 0,93 (V). Cho bit: h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s) ; c = 3.108 (m/s) ; e = 1,6.10-19 (C). Tnh cng thot ca kim loi .HD Gii :Ta c:hc = 22max 0mvA+= A + eUh( Phng trnh Anh-xtanh)Theo iu kin bi ton: ' + + + ) ( U U e Ah ce U Ah chh Suy ra :( ) ) ( 92 , 11 1212 12 1eV U U e hc Ah h1]1

+

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+ .Dng 8: Chiu nh sng kch thch c bc sng thch hp vo b mt tm KL (hay qu cu) c c lp v in. Tnh hiu in th cc i m tm KL t c.PPG: Khi chiu nh sng kch thch vo b mt KL th e quang in b bt ra, tm KL mt in t (-) nn tch in (+) v c in th l V. in trng do in th V gy ra sinh ra 1 cng cn AC = e.Vngn cn s bt ra ca cc e tip theo. Nhng ban u AC < Wdmax ,nn e quang in vn b bt ra. in tch (+) ca tm KL tng dn, in th V tng dn. Khi V =Vmax th cng lc cn c ln ng bng Wdmaxca e quang in nn e khng cn bt ra.Ta c: 2ax 0max12M eeV m v =>ax0Mhc hceV A Vy ax01 1( )MhcVe V d 1: Mt qu cu bng ng (Cu) c lp v in c chiu bi 1 bc x in t c = 0,14 (m), . Cho gii hn quang in ca Cu l 1 = 0,3 (m). Tnh in th cc i ca qu cu.HD Gii:34 8ax19 6 601 1 6, 625.10 .3.10 1 1( ) ( ) 4, 731, 6.10 0,14.10 0, 3.10MhcV Ve V d 2:Cng thot electron khi ng l 4,57 eV. Chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,14 m vo mt qu cu bng ng t xa cc vt khc. Tnh gii hn quang in ca ng v in th cc i m qu cu ng tch c.HD Gii: 0 = 198 3410 . 6 , 1 . 57 , 410 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6Ahc= 0,27.10-6 m; Wd0 = hc- A = 6,88.10-19 J; Vmax = eWd 0= 4,3 V.V d 3:Cng thot electron khi km l 4,25 eV. Chiu vo mt tm km t c lp v in mt chm bc x in t n sc th thy tm km tch c in tch cc i l 3 V. Tnh bc sng v tn s ca chm bc x.HD Gii : Wd0max = eVmax = 3 eV; = d0 axWmhcA+ = 0,274.10- 6 m; f = c = 1,1.1014 Hz.GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 114.Bi tp tng hp c hng dn:Bi 1: Khi chiu bc x c bc sng 0,4 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in, mun trit tiu dng quang in th hiu in th gia A v K bng -1,25V.a. Tm vn tc ban u cc i ca cc e quang in.b. Tm cng thot ca cc e ca kim loi lm catt (tnh ra eV).HD Gii :a. 311902max 010 . 1 , 925 , 1 . 10 . 6 , 1 . 2 2| |2 meUv eUmvhh= 0,663.106 m/s.b. Cng thot: ( )34 822 31 60max 61 6, 625.10 .3.10 1.9,1.10 . 0, 663.102 0, 4.10 2hcA mv eV J 855 , 1 10 . 97 , 219 .Bi 2: Cng thot ca vnfram l 4,5 eVa. Tnh gii hn quang in ca vnfram.b. Chiu vo vnfram bc x c bc sng th ng nng ban u cc i ca e quang in l 3,6.10-19J. Tnh .c. Chiu vo tm vnfram mt bc x c bc sng . Mun trit tiu dng quang in th phi cn mt hiu in th hm 1,5V. Tnh ?HD Gii :a.276 , 010 . 6 , 1 . 5 , 410 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6Ahc198 340 m.b. 34 819 196, 625.10 .3.100,1844, 5.1, 6.10 3, 6.10hc hcA WA W + + + m.c. ( ) ( )34 819 196, 625.10 .3.10' 0, 207' 4, 5.1, 6.10 1, 5 . 1, 6.10hhhc hcA eUA eU + + + m.Bi 3: Cng ti thiu bc mt lectron ra khi b mt mt tm kim loi ca mt t bo quang in l 1,88eV. Khi chiu mt bc x c bc sng 0,489 m th dng quang in bo ha o c l 0,26mA.a. Tnh s lectron tch ra khi catt trong 1 pht.b. Tnh hiu in th hm trit tiu hon ton dng quang in.HD Gii :a. Ibh = n e= 26.10-5A. (n l s lectron tch ra khi catt trong 1s).n = 1419510 . 25 , 1610 . 6 , 110 . 26; S lectron tch ra khi K trong 1 pht: N=60n = 975.1014.b.eV eV Ahc mveUh66 , 0 88 , 1 54 , 2 88 , 110 . 6 , 1 . 10 . 489 , 010 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6219 68 34 20 .Hiu in th hm Uh = 0,66V.Bi 4: Catt ca t bo quang in lm bng xdi (Cs) c gii hn quang in 0=0,66 m. Chiu vo catt bc x t ngoi c bc sng =0,33 m. Hiu in th hm UAK cn t gia ant v catt trit tiu dng quang in l bao nhiu?HD Gii :- trit tiu dng quang in, cng ca lc in trng phi trit tiu c ng nng ban u cc i ca quang lectron (khng c mt lectron no c th n c ant)

( )( )2 34 80max6 190 0 06, 625.10 .3.101, 882 0, 66.10 . 1, 6.10AK AKmv hc hc hc hceU U Ve -Nh vy trit tiu hon ton dng quang in th: UAK 1,88V.Bi 5: Khi chiu ln lt hai bc x c bc sng 0,25 m v 0,3 m vo mt tm kim loi th vn tc ban u cc i ca cc lectron quang in ln lt l 7,31.105 m/s v 4,93.105 m/s.a. Tnh khi lng ca cc lectron.b. Tnh gii hn quang in ca tm kim loi.HD Gii :GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 12a. 2mvAhc2max 011+ ;2mvAhc2max 022+ )2v2v( m1 1hc2max 022max 012 1

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6 6 10 108 342 12max 022max 0110 . 3 , 0110 . 25 , 0110 . 3049 , 24 10 . 4361 , 5310 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6 . 2 1 1 2 v vhcmm= 1,3645.10-36.0,667.106= 9,1.10-31 kg.b. Gii hn quang in: ( )Jmv hcAmvAhc1925 3168 34 2max 0112max 01110 . 52 , 5210 . 31 , 7 . 10 . 1 , 910 . 25 , 010 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 622 + m mAhc 36 , 0 10 . 6 , 310 . 52 , 510 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 67198 340 Bi 6: a. Khi mt cht b kch thch v pht ra nh sng n sc mu tm c bc sng 0,4 m th nng lng ca mi phtn pht ra c gi tr l bao nhiu? Bit h =6,625.10-34Js; c =3.108 m/s.b. i vi nguyn t hir, khi lectron chuyn t qu o M v qu o K th nguyn t pht ra phtn c bc sng 0,1026 m. Ly h = 6,625.10-34J.s, e = 1,6.10-19 C v c = 3.108m/s. Nng lng ca phtn ny bng bao nhiu? Nu photon ny truyn vo nc c chit sut 34 nth nng lng ca n thay i th no?HD Gii :a. Nng lng ca photon tng ng: 1968 34min10 . 97 , 410 . 4 , 010 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6 hc J.b. Nng lng ca photon tng ng: 34 819 6 196, 625.10 .3.1012,1.1, 6.10 0,1026.10 .1, 6.10hc eVTn s ca nh sng s khng thay i khi truyn qua cc mi trng khc nhau nn nng lng ca n cng khng thay i khi truyn t khng kh vo nc.Bi 7: Cng thot lectron ca mt kim loi l 7,64.10-19J. Chiu ln lt vo b mt tm kim loi ny cc bc x c bc sng l 1 = 0,18 m, 2 = 0,21 mv 3 = 0,35 m . Ly h = 6,625.10-34J.s, c = 3.108 m/s. a. Bc x no gy c hin tng quang in i vi kim loi ?b. Tnh ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in.c. Tnh ln ca in p trit tiu dng quang in trn.HD Gii :a. Gii hn quang in : 34 80 196, 625.10 .3.100, 267, 64.10hcmA Ta c : 1, 2 < 0 ; vy c hai bc x u gy ra hin tng quang in cho kim loi .b. 1, 2 gy ra hin tng quang in, chng ta hy tnh ton cho bc x c nng lng ca photon ln hn (bc x 1)Theo cng thc Einstein :max 01W Ahc+ J AhcW19 1968 341max 010 . 4 , 3 10 . 64 , 710 . 18 , 010 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6 Mt khc :s m s mmWv mv W/ 10 . 65 , 8 / 86465010 . 1 , 910 . 4 , 3 . 2 . 22153119max 0max 02max 0 max 0 c. ln in p trit tiu dng quang in : VeWU U e Wh h 125 , 210 . 6 , 110 . 4 , 31919max 0max 0 Bi 8: Thc hin tnh ton tr li cc cu hi sau:a. Electron phi c vn tc bng bao nhiu ng nng ca n bng nng lng ca mt photon nh sng c bc sng 05200 A ?b. Nng lng ca photon phi bng bao nhiu khi lng ca n bng nng lng ngh ca electron? Cho khi lng ngh ca electron lkg me3110 . 1 , 9 .HD Gii :GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 13a. Theo bi ra: hcWe hcv me 221s mmhcve/ 10 . 17 , 910 . 5200 . 10 . 1 , 910 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6 . 2 2510 318 34 b. Nng lng ca photon:2c m Eph Khi lng ca electron bng khi lng ngh ca electron ( )e phm m nn: ( ) MeV J c m Ee51 , 0 10 . 19 , 8 10 . 3 . 10 . 1 , 91428 31 2 Bi 9:Cho cng thot ca ng bng 4,47eV.a. Tnh gii hn quang in ca ng?b. Chiu bc x c bc sng m 14 , 0 vo qu cu bng ngt xa cc vt khc th qu cu c tch n in th cc i bng bao nhiu? Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in ?c. Chiu bc x in t vo qu cu bng ng t xa cc vt khc th qu cu c tch in n in th cc i V V 3max .Tnh bc sng ca bc x v vn tc ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in trong trng hp ny?HD Gii :a.nm mAhc278 10 . 27890 b. Theo cng thc Einstein: 2max 021mv Ahc+ M in th cc i ca vt tnh theo cng thc: max2max 021V e mv maxhcA e V + VeAhcV 4 , 410 . 6 , 110 . 6 , 1 . 47 , 410 . 14 , 010 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6191968 34maxLi c: max2max 021V e mv s mmV ev / 10 . 244 , 110 . 1 , 94 , 4 . 10 . 6 , 1 . 2. 263119maxmax 0 c. Tng t cu b: 'maxhcA e V + nm mV e Ahc166 10 . 1669'max + 'max2max 021V e mv s mmV ev / 10 . 03 , 1. 26'max 'max 0 Bi 10:Cng thot ca lectron i vi ng l 4,47 eV.a. Khi chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,14 (m) vo mt qu cu bng ng cch li vi vt khc th tch in n hiu in th cc i l bao nhiu ?b. Khi chiu bc x c bc sng ' vo qu cu bng ng cch ly ci cc vt khc th qu cu t hiu in th cc i 3 (V). Tnh ' v vn tc ban u ca cc lectron quang in. Cho bit : h = 6,626.10-34- (J.s) ; c = 3.108 (m/s) ; me = 9,1.19-31 (kg).HD Gii :a. Gi in th cc i ca qu cu bng ng l :Vmax . Khi chiu bc x c bc sng n qu cu bng ng cch ly vi cc vt khc, cc lectron quang c bt ra khi qu cu, in tch dng ca qu cu tngdn nn in th V ca qu cu tng dn in th V Vmax .khi cc lectron quang bt ra khi qu cu ub in trng ko tr li. ( Hnh 10) . nh l ng nng:20 max max1. :2hcmv eV hay A eV => Vmax = ) ( 402 , 4 VeAhc. b. Tnh ' v v'0. Tng t: ' 2max 01'' 2hcA eV mv Suy ra: ) ( 166 , 0''maxmeV Ahc +.V: v'0 = ) / ( 10 . 027 , 1' 26 maxs mmeVe.GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 14++ ++++ Hnh 10 v0 Nguyn tc thnh cng: Suy ngh tch cc; Cm nhn am m; Hnh ng kin tr !Chc cc em hc sinhTHNH CNG trong hc tp! Su tm v chnh l: GV: on Vn Lng Email:doanvluong@yahoo.com ;doanvluong@gmail.com; T: 0915718188 09068482385.Trc nghim:Cu 1 . nh sng v nh sng vng c bc sng ln lt l D =0,768 m v =0,589m .Nng lng photon tng ng ca hai nh sng trn lA.D =2,588.10-19jV=3,374.10-19 j * B. D =1,986.10-19 jV=2,318.10-19jC. D =2,001`.10-19jV =2,918.10-19 j D. mt p s khcCu 2 : Cho h=6,625.10-34Js, c=3.108m/s. Tnh nng lng ca phtn c bc sng 500nm?A. 4.10-16J B. 3,9.10-17J C. 2,5eV* D. 24,8eVCu 3: Mt ngn n pht ra nh sng n sc c bc sng0,3975m vi cng sut pht x l 10 w. S phooton ngn n pht ra trong mt giy lA. 3.1019 htB. 2.1019 ht*C. 5. 1019 htD. 4.1019 htCu 4: Mt kim loi c gii hn quang in l 0,3 m .Bit h = 6,625.10-34Js ; c = 3.108m/s .Cng thot ca lectron ra khi kim loi l .A. 6,625.10-19J * B. 6,625.10-25JC. 6,625.10-49JD. 5,9625.10-32JCu 5: Gii hn quang in ca Cs l 6600A0. Cho hng s Planck h = 6,625.10-34Js , vn tc ca nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.108 m/s. Cng thot ca Cs l bao nhiu ? A. 1,88 eV * B. 1,52 eV C. 2,14 eV D. 3,74 eVCu 6: Cng thot electrn ra khi mt kim loi lA = 1,88 eV. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi l :A. 0,66.10-19m B. 0,33m C. 0,22m D. 0,66m *Cu 7: Bit cng cn thit bt electrn ra khi t bo quang in l A = 4,14eV. Gii hn quang in ca t bo l:A. 0 = 0,3 m *B. 0 = 0,4 m C. 0 = 0,5 mD. 0 = 0,6 mCu 8 : Cng thoat electrn cua m t kim loa i la 2,36eV. Cho h = 6,625.10 -34Js ; c = 3.108m/s ;1eV = 1,6.10 -19J . Gii hn quang in ca kim loi trn l :A. 0,53 m* B. 8,42 .10 26m C. 2,93 m D. 1,24 mCu 9: Trong hin tng quang in, bit cng thot ca cc electrn quang in ca kim loi l A = 2eV.Cho h = 6,625.10-34Js , c = 3.108m/s. Bc sng gii hn ca kim loi c gi tr no sau y ?A. 0,621 m * B. 0,525 m C. 0,675 m D. 0,585 mCu 10: Gii hn quang in ca natri l 0,5m . Cng thot ca km ln hn ca natri 1,4 ln. Gii hn quang in ca km :A. 0,7m B. 0,36m *C. 0,9m D. 0,36 .10 -6m

Cu 11 : Catod ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot A = 3,5eV. Cho h = 346, 625.10Js ; m = 319,1.10kg; e = 191, 6.10C .Tnh gii hn quang in ca kim loi dng lm catod .A. 355 m B. 35, 5 m C. 3, 55 m D. 0, 355 m *Cu 12: Mt bc x in t c bc sng = 0,2.10-6m. Tnh lng t (nng lng phtn) ca bc x .A. = 99,375.10-20J *B. = 99,375.10-19J C. = 9,9375.10-20J D. = 9,9375.10-19JCu 13 : Nng lng ca phtn l 2,8.10-19J. Cho hng s Planck h = 6,625.10-34J.s ; vn tc ca nh sng trong chn khng l c = 3.108m/s. Bc sng ca nh sng ny l :A. 0,45m B. 0,58m C. 0,66m D. 0,71m *Cu 14 : Mt kim loi lm catt ca t bo quang in c cng thot l A = 3,5eV. Chiu vo cattbc x c bc sng no sau y th gy ra hin tng quang in. Cho h = 6,625.10-34Js ; c = 3.108m/sA.= 3,35 m B.= 0,355.10- 7m * C.= 35,5m D.= 0,355m Cu 1 5: Kim loi lm catt ca t bo quang in c cng thot A= 3,45eV. Khi chiu vo 4 bc x in t c1= 0,25 m, 2= 0,4 m, 3= 0,56 m, 4= 0,2 m th bc x no xy ra hin tng quang in A. 3, 2B. 1, 4 * C. 1, 2, 4D. c 4 bc x trnCu 16 : Bc sng di nht bt c electrn ra khi 2 kim loi a v b ln lt l 3nm v 4,5nm. Cng thot tng ng l A1 v A2 s l :A. A2 = 2 A1. B. A1 =1,5 A2 * C. A2 =1,5 A1. D. A1 = 2A2Cu 17. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi l 0. Chiu vo catt ca t bo quang in ln lt hai bc x c bc sng 1=20 v 2=30. Gi U1 v U2 l in p hm tng ng trit tiu dng quang in thA. U1 = 1,5U2.B. U2 = 1,5U1.C. U1 = 0,5U2 .*D. U1 = 2U2.GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 15Cu 18 . Cng thot electron ca mt kim loi l A0, gii hn quang in l 0. Khi chiu vo b mt kim loi chm bc x c bc sng = 03 th ng nng ban u cc i ca electron quang in bng:A. 2A0.* B. A0. C. 3A0. D. A0/3Cu 19. Bit bc sng ca nh sng kch thch bng mt na gii hn quang in 20 v cng thot in t khi catt l 0Ath ng nng ban u cc i ca quang in t phi bng : A.0A B.021AC.041AD.031ACu 20 .Chiu ln lt 2 bc x c bc sngm m 5 , 0 ; 25 , 02 1 vo catt ca mt t bo quang in th vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang in l 1vv 1 221v v . Bc sng gii hn quang in l: A.m 75 , 0B.m 6 , 0 C.m 375 , 0D.m 72 , 06.Bi tp trc nghim rn luynBi 1: Chiu bc x c bc sng=0,18m vo ca tt ca mt t bo quang in.KL dng lm ca tt c gii hn quang in l 0=0,3m.Tr li cc cu hi sau:Cu 1:Cng thot ca e ra khi t bo quang in l bao nhiu?A:4,14eV; B:66,25eV; C:6,625eV; D:41,4eV.Cu 2:.Xc nh hiu in th Uh dng quang in trit tiu.A:5,52V;B:6,15V;C:2,76V;D:2,25V.Cu 3:ng nng ban u cc i ca e l bao nhiu?A:25,5eV;B:2,76eV; C:2,25eV; D:4,5eV.Bi 2:Kim loi dng lm ca tt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot A=2,2eV.Chiu vo ca tt mt bc x in t c bc sng.bit Uh=0,4V.Vn tc ban u cc i ca e l bao nhiu?A:3,75.105m/s;B:3,5.105m/s;C:3,75.104m/s; D:3,5.104m/s.Bi 3:Chiu bc x c bc sng=0,552m vo ca tt ca mt t bo quang in th dng quang in bo ha l Ibh=2mA, cng sut ngun sng chiu vo ca tt l p=1,2w.Tnh hiu sut lng t ca hin tng quang in.A:0,650%; B:0,3750% ; C: 0,550%; D: 0,4250%.Bi 4:Chiu bc x c bc sng=0,4m vo ca tt ca mt t bo quang in.Cng thot ca electron ca kim loi lm ca tt l A=2eV.Tr li cc cu hi sau:Cu 1: trit tiu dng quang in phi t gia a nt v ca tt mt hiu in th UAK c gi tr no sau y.A:UAK-1,1V;B:UAK1,1V ; C: UAK =-1,1V;D:UAK =1,1V.Cu 2:t gia Ant v catt mt hiu in th UAK=5V.ng nng cc i ca quang e khi ti ant c gi tr no sau y:A:8,1eV;B:6,1eV; C:4,1eV; D:6,6eV.Bi 5:Mt n Na chiu sng c cng sut pht x p=100w.Bc sng ca nh sng do n pht ra l 0,589ms ph tn do n ng pht ra trong 30 giy l bao nhiu?A:9.1021;B:9.1018;C:12.1022;D:6.1024.Bi 6:Cho34 8h 6, 625.10 Js,c=3.10 m/ s . ng lng ca phtn c tn s 14v 6.10 Hz l :A:2,5.10-28 kg.m/sB:1,5.10-28 kg.m/s;C:13,25.10-28 kg.m/s; D:0,25.10-28 kg.m/sBi 7 : Khi t mt hiu in th ngc 0,8V ln hai cc ca t bo quang in th khng c mt electron no n c ant ca t bo quang in . Vn tc ban u cc i ca cc quang electron bn ra khi catt l : A:5,3.106 m/s B:0,3.106 m/s; C:0,65.106 m/s;D:0,53.106 m/sBi 8 :Khichiumtbcxintnscbcsng=0,41mvocattcamttboquangin thchin tngquanginxyra.trittiudngquanginngitatmthiuinthngcl0,76V. Cho 34 8 -19h 6, 625.10 Js,c=3.10 m/ s,1eV=1,6.10 J . Cng thot ca electron i vi kim loi dng lm catt s l :A:36,32.10-20 J;B:3,3125.10-20J; C:0,3125.10-20J; D:33,25.10-20J;Bi 9: Giihnquangincakimloidnglmcattcatboquanginl0,5m.Cho 34 8 -19h 6, 625.10 Js,c=3.10 m/ s,1e=1,6.10 C . Khi chiu nh sng n sc bc sng =0,36m vo catt ca t bo quang in th hiu in th hm khng c mt electron no n c ant s l : A :Uh= 9,7V;B: Uh=0,97V ;C:Uh=1,97V; D:Uh=0,57VBi 10:Khichiumtchmsngnscvomtkimloichintngquanginxyra.Nudng mthiu inthhmbng3,0Vthccquangelectronkhng tiantc.Chobittnsgiihn ca kimloi l 14 -1 -34 -196.10s ,=6,625.10 Js,e=1,6.10 C . Tn s ca chm nh sng ti s l :A:1,5.1014 HZ; B:1,25.1014 HZ; C:13,25.1014 HZ; D:25.1014 HZ;GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 16Bi 11. Chiu mt chm bc x c bc sng = 1800A0 vo mt tm kim loi. Cc electron bn ra c ng nng cc i bng 6eV. Cho bit h =6,625.10-34J.s; c = 3.108m/s; e = 1,6.10-19C.Tr li cc cu hi sau:Cu1 :Tnh cng thot tng ng vi kim loi dng.A. 24.10-20J. B. 20.10-20J.C. 18.10-20J. D.14.10-20J.Cu 2: Khi chiu vo tm kim loi bc x c bc sng = 5000A0 th c hin tng quang in xy ra khng? Nu c hy tnh ng nng cc i ca electron bn ra.A. 25,6.10-20J. B. 51,2.10-20J. C. 76,8.10-20J. D. 85,6.10-20JBi 12:Catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot electron bng 4eV, ngi ta chiu n t bo quang in nh sng n sc c bc sng = 2600A0. Cho bit h = 6,625.10-34J.s; c = 3.108m/s; me = 9,1.10-31kg ; e = 1,6.10-19C.Tr li cc cu hi sau:Cu1:Tm gii hn quang in ca kim loi dng l catt.A. 3322A0. B. 4028A0.C. 4969A0.D. 5214A0.E. 6223A0.Cu2:Tm vn tc ban u cc i ca cc electron .A. 6,62.105m/s.B. 5,23.105m/s. C. 4,32.105m/s. D. 4,05.105m/s.Cu3: Cho bit tt c cc electron thot ra u b ht v ant v cng dng quang in bo ho Ibh = 0,6mA, tnh s electron tch ra khi catt trong mi giy.A. 3000.1012ht/s.B. 3112.1012ht/s.C. 3206.1012ht/s.D. 3750.1012ht/s.E. 3804.1012ht/s.Bi 13: Catt ca mt t bo quang in c gii hn quang in 6000A0. Chiu n t bo quang in mt nh sng n sc c= 4000A0 . Choh = 6,625.10-34J.s; c = 3.108m/s; me = 9,1.10-31kg ; e = 1,6.10-19C. Tr li cc cu hi sau:Cu1:Tnh cng thot A ca cc electron .A. 1,68eV.B. 1,78eV. C. 1,89eV. D. 2,07eV.Cu2 :Tm vn tc ban u cc i ca cc electron.A. 5,6.105m/s.B. 6,03.105m/s.C. 6,54.105m/s. D. 6,85.105m/s.Cu3 :Tm hiu in th hm cc electron khng v n ant.A. 0,912V.B. 0,981V.C. 1,025V. D. 1,035V.Bi 14: Ln lt chiu 2 bc x c tn s f1 =0,75.1015Hz v f2 = 0,5.1015 Hz vo b mt ca nti v o hiu in th hm tng ng U1 = 1,05V v U2 = 0,03V. Tnh cng thot ca na tri.Cho bit : h = 6,625.10-34J.sBi 15: Chiu chm bc x c bc sng = 0,2 (m) vo mt tm kim loi, cc lectron quang in bn racos ng nng cc i bng 5 (eV). Khi chiu vo tm kim loi 2 bc x c bc sng1 = 1,6 (m) v 2 = 0,1 (m) th c hin tng quang in xyra khng ? Nu c, hy tnh ng nng cc i ca cc lectron quang in bn ra. Cho h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s) ; c = 3.108 (m/s).S 15 : Hin tng quang in c bc sng 2 to ra.ng nng: W2 = 11,21 (eV).Bi 16: Chiu mt chm sng c tn s f = 7.108 (Hz) ln lt vo hai bn kim loi nhm v kali. Gii hn quang in ca nhm l 01 = 0,36 (m), ca kali l 02 = 0,55 (m).a. Tnh bc sng ca chm nh sng .b. Hin tng g s xy ra khi chiu chm nh sng vo bn nhm v bn kali. Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca lectron quang in khi bt ra khi bn kim loi.Cho bit : h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s) ; c = 3.108 (m/s) ; me = 9,1.10-31 (kg).S 16 :a. = 0,4286 m.b.Nu > 01 : hin tng quang in khng xy ra vi bn nhm. Nu < 02 : hin tng quang in xy ra vi bn kali. V02 = 4,741.105 (m/s) .Bi 17 : Ln lt chiu hai bc x c tn s f1 = 75.1013 (Hz) vf2 = 39.1013 (Hz) vo b mt mt tm kim loi v o hiu in th hm tng ng l U1 = 2 (V) v U2 = 0,5 (V). Tnh hng s P-lng.Cho bit : c = 3.108 (m/s) ; e = 1,6.10-19 (C) S 17: h = 6,666.10-34 (J.s).Bi 18 : Ln lt chiu hai bc x c tn s f1 = 0,75.1015 (Hz) v f2 = 0,5.1015 (Hz) vo b mt ca Natri v o hiu in th hm tng ng U1 = 1,05 (V) v U2 = 0,03 (V). Tnh cng thot ra ca Natri. Cho bit: h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s). S 18: A = 2,05 (eV).Bi 19 : Ln lt chiu hai bc x c tn s f1 = 9,375.1014 (Hz) v f2 = 5,769.1014 (Hz) vo mt tm kim loi lm catt ca t bo quang in, ngi ta o c t s cc vn tc ban u ca cc lectron quang in bng 2. Tnh cng thot ra ca kim loi . Cho bit: h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s).S 19:A = 3,03.10-19 (J).Bi 20 :Cng thot ca lectron khi ng (Cu) kim loi l 4,47 (eV).a). Tnh gii hn quang in ca ng.b). Khi chiu bc x in t c bc sng = 0,14 (m) vo mt qu cu bng ng t cch ly cc vt khc th qu cu c tch in n hiu in th cc i bng bao nhiu ?c). Chiu mt bc x in t bc sng ' vo qu cu bng ng cch ly cc vt khc th qu cu t c hiu in th cc i bng 3 (V). Tnh bc sng ' ca bc x v vn tc ban u cc i ca lectron quang in.Cho : c = 3.108 (m/s) ; h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s) ; me = 9,1.10-31 (kg).S 20 : a). 0 = 0,2779.10-6 (m) = 0,2779 (m),b).Hiu in th cc i ca qu cu : Vh = 4,4 (V).GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 17c)..II. QUANG PH VCH CA NGUYN T HYR 1. Tm tt l thuyt v cng thc: Tin Bo :nm n mnmhchf E E el= = = -+ Bn knh qu o dng th n ca electron trong nguyn t hir: rn = n2r0 Vi r0 =5,3.10-11m l bn knh Bo ( qu o K)+ Khi nguyn t ang mc nng lng cao chuyn xung mc nng lng thp th pht raphoton, ngc li chuyn t mc nng lng thp chuyn ln mc nng lng cao nguyn t s hp thu photon hf E Ethp cao Lu : Bc sng di nht NM khi e chuyn t N M. Bc sng ngn nht M khi e chuyn t M.+Bc sng pht ra khi nguyn t chuyn mc nng lng:n mE E nm n mnmhchf E El= = - 1n mnmE Ehc =>0 2 21 1( )nmn mhc hcE EEn m +Tn s ca phtn bc x . n mnmnmE E cfh ViEn > Em.+Mi lin h gia cc bc sng v tn s ca cc vch quang ph ca nguyn t hir: 21 32 311 1 1 + v21 32 31f f f + (nh cng vct)+Cng thc thc nghim: 2 21 1 1HRm n _ ,

+Hng s Rydberg: 7 7 013, 6.1, 0969140.10 1, 097.10. .HE eR m mh c h c ( trong my tnh Fxth RH l R ) Cc dy Quang ph ca nguyn t hidr- Dy Laiman: khi e ( n>1) v qu o K(m=1) th pht ra cc vch thuc dyLaiman: m = 1; n = 2,3,4

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2 201111 1n hcEn vi 2 nCc vch thuc vng t ngoi -Dy Banme:Khi e chuyn t qu o ngoi (n>2) v qu o L(m=2) th pht ra cc vch thuc dy Banme . m = 2; n = 3,4,5:

,_

2 202121 1n hcEn vi3 n Gm 4 vch : ) 656 , 0 ( m H , lam ) 486 , 0 ( m H , chm ) 434 , 0 ( m H ,tm ) 410 , 0 ( m H v mt phn vng t ngoi -Dy Pasen : khi cc e chuyn t qu o bn ngoi (n>3) v qu o M(m=3) : m = 3; n

= 4,5,6:

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2 203131 1n hcEn vi4 nCc vch thuc vng hng ngoi Nng lng ca lectron trong nguyn t Hir c biu thc:+Nng lng electron trong nguyn t hir:02 213,6( )nEE eVn n Vi n N*: lng t s. E0 = - 13,6eV: nng lng trng thi c bn ( Ch E0 < 0 )-n = 1 ng vi qu o K ( nng lng thp nht )-n = 2 ng vi qu o L...GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 181; 2, 3, 4, ... m n dy Laiman (t ngoi); 2; 3, 4, 5... m n dy Banme (mt phn nhn thy) 3; 4, 5, 6, ... m n dy Pasen (hng ngoi). Cc bc x ca dy Banmer( nhn thy): + Vch H: 32 ML :3 232hcE E + Vch lam H:42 NL :4 242hcE E + Vch chmH:52 OL :5 252hcE E + Vch tmH:62 PL :6 262hcE E Cc vch c bc sng di nht ca cc dy: + Dy Laiman: 21:2 121hcE E ; + Dy Banmer:32:3 232hcE E ;+ Dy Paschen:43: 4 343hcE E Ch : Khi nguyn t trng thi kch thch th n c th (kh d) pht ra s bc x in t cho bi:

( ) ! 2 ! 2!2 nnC Nn ;trong 2nC l t hp chp 2 ca n.2. Bi tp v cc dy quang ph hidr: V d 1 v cc bc sng dy Lymain (t ngoi):Khi electron trong nguyn t hiro mt trong cc mc nng lng cao L, M, N, O nhy v mc nng lng K , th nguyn t hiro pht ra vch bc x ca dy Lyman thuc vng t ngoi ca thang sng in t, c th nh sau: + Vch u tin c bc sng ln nht ng vi mc nng lng m =1 -> n= 22 121. h cE E = 2 213, 6( ) 13, 6( ) 3.13, 6( ) ( )2 1 4eV eVeV =>21. .43.13, 6.h ce =1,215.10-7m = 0,1215 mHoc dng cng thc: 2 21 1 1HRm n _ , => Th s7212 211, 215.10 0,12151 1( )1 2Hm mR +Vch th 2ng mc nng lng m= 1-> n = 3, 7312 211, 025175.10 0,10251 1( )1 3Hm mR +Vch th 3 ng mc nng lng m= 1--> n = 4, 8412 219, 72018.10 0, 09721 1( )1 4Hm mR + Vch th 4 ngmc nng lng m= 1-> n = 5,8512 219, 492365.10 0, 09491 1( )1 5Hm mR + Vch th 5 ngmc nng lng m= 1-> n = 6,8612 219, 37303.10 0, 093731 1( )1 6Hm mR - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -+Vch cui cng c bc sng nh nht ng vi mc nng lng m =1-> n = :GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 19HH H H E6E5E4E3E2E1L a i m a nB a n m eP a s e nP O N M K L Vng kh kin v mt phn vng t ngoiVng t ngoiVng hng ngoi 812 21 19,11267 0, 09111 1( )1HHm mRR V d 2 v cc bc sng dy Banme ( c 4 vch nhn thy: ,lam , chm , tm)Khi electron trong nguyn t hiro mt trong cc mc nng lng cao M, N, O,P nhy v mc nng lng L ( ng vi trng hp nguyn t t mc cao hn tr v mc 2), th nguyn t hiro pht ra vch bc x thuc dy Balmer ,bn vch u vng nhn thy (,lam , chm , tm) v mt phn thuc vng t ngoi ca thang sng in t, c th nh sau: a.Dng cng thc : 02 213,6( )nEE eVn n vi n =2,3,4......Cc bc x thuc dy banme ng vi trng hp nguyn t t mc cao hntr v mc 2 +Vch th 1 c bc sng ln nht ( mu ) ng vi mc nng lng n =3 --> m = 2, theo Anh xtanh: 3 232hcE E => 32 = 0,656 m ( mu ) +Vch th 2 cmu lam ng mc nng lng n= 4- > m = 2, c bc sng c xc nh: 4 242hcE E => 42 =0,486 m (mu lam )+Vch th 3 c mu chm ng mc nng lng n= 5 ->m = 2, c bc sng c xc nh: 5 252hcE E => 52 =0,434 m (mu chm )+Vch th 4 c mu tm ng mc nng lngn= 6 -->m = 2, c bc sng c xc nh: 6 262hcE E =>62 = 0, 410 m (mu tm )b.Hoc dng cng thc :2 21 1 12HRn _ , => 2 211 1( )2HRn (dy Balmer ng vi m =2).+Vch th 1 c bc sng ln nhtmu ng vi mc nng lng n =3 -->m = 2, c xc nh: 2 2321 1 12 3HR _ , =>7322 216,5611.10 0, 6561 1( )2 3Hm mR = ( mu ) +Vch th 2 c mu lam ng mc nng lngn = 4-> m = 2, c bc sng c xc nh:

2 2421 1 12 4HR _ ,=> 7422 214,8600936.10 0, 4861 1( )2 4Hm mR = (mu lam )+Vch th 3 c mu chm ng mc nng lng n = 5 -> m = 2, c bc sng c xc nh:

2 2521 1 12 5HR _ ,=> 7522 214, 33936.10 0, 4341 1( )2 5Hm mR =(muchm )+Vch th 4 c mu tm ng mc nng lng n= 6 --> m = 2, c bc sng c xc nh: 2 2621 1 12 6HR _ ,=> 7622 214,1007.10 0, 4101 1( )2 6Hm mR =(mu tm )+Cn ng vi cc mc nng lng cao hn na, v d t n 7--> m =2 th bc sng nm trong vng t ngoi. V bc sng ngn nht ca dy ng vi ngyn t dch chuyn t v cng ( n= ) v mc 2: 2 221 1 12HR _ ,=> 722 213, 645068.10 0, 36451 1( )2Hm mR 0,365 mGV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 20 Hay 22hcE E =>20,365 m Vy, Cc bc x trong dy Balmerc mt phn nm trong vng t ngoi v mt phn nm trong vng nh sng nhn thy. Phn nhn thy ny c 4 vch l:: H( = 0,656 m); lam: H( = 0,486 m); chm: H( = 0,434 m); tm: H( = 0,410 m)V d 3v cc bc sng dy Paschen ( Hng ngoi)Cc bc x trong dy Paschen thucvng hng ngoitrongthang sng in t.Ta bit: trong mu nguyn t Bor th: 02 213, 6( )nEE eVn n vi n = 1,2,3,4......cc bc x thuc dyPaschen ng vi trng hp nguyn t t mc cao hn tr v mc 3+Vch u tin c bc sng ln nht ng vi mc nng lngn = 4 -->m = 3 theo Anh xtanh :4 3 43430,83hcE E m > .+Vch cui cng c bc sng ngn nht ng vi mc nng lng n = --> m = 3 theo Anh xtanh :3 330, 78hcE E m > Vy bc sng thuc dyPaschen nm trong khong 0,78 m < < 0,83 m nn n thuc vng hng ngoi 3.Cc dng bi tp: DNG 1: Tm nng lng ca mt photon, tn s hay bc sng:Hng dn: p dng cng thc hchf el= = . Hay hf E Ethp cao suy ra cc i lng cha bit. V d1 : Chiu mt chm sng n sc c bc sng bng 0,72 m . Tm tn s v nng lng photon?HD Gii :p dng cng thc f=c/ v hchf el= =V d 2 : lectron trong nguyn t hir chuyn t mc nng lng th 3 v mc nng lng th nht. Tnh nng lng phtn pht ra v tn s ca phtn . Cho bit nng lng ca nguyn t hiro mc nng lng th n l En = - ) (6 , 132eVn. Hng s Plng h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s)HD Gii : TnhE v f ca phtn.Nng lng ca phtn pht ra :) ( 088 , 1211316 , 132 21 3eV E E E

,_

.Tn s dao ng ca phtn :f = ) ( 10 . 92 , 215HzhE.DNG 2:Tm ng nng cc i ca electron khi xy ra hin tng quang in:Hng dn: Cng thc: 20 ax2Mmv hchf A el= = = +vi 2ax2mmvE =t suy ra E. Lu : 1eV=1,6.10-19JV d 1 :Catt ca t bo quang in lm bng vnfram, bit cng thot ca electron vi vnfram l 7,2.10-19J. Chiu vo catt nh sng c bc sng 0,18 m . ng nng cc i ca lectrn khi bc ra khi catt l bao nhiu?HD Gii:Cng thc 20 ax2Mmv hchf A el= = = + . vi 2ax2mmvE = T ta suy ra EmaxM rng: bi ton tng t tm Vmax ta cng tm Emax ...DNG 3: Tm vn tc cc i ca electron khi p vo catot. GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 21Hng dn: Vn dng cng thc: E = A = |e|UAK l nng lng do in trng cung cp: 2/ /2AKmve U Ed = = . T suy ra c vV d1 :Hiu inth giaAnotv catot ca ng Culitz l 20kV.Cho e=1,6.10-19C, h=6,625.10-34Js, c=3.108m/s. B qua ng nng ban u ca electron. Tnh vn tc ca electron khi p vo catot?HD Gii:Vn dng cng thcE=A=|e| UAK v |e|UAK=E=mv2/2 .ta c v=8,4.107m/s.DNG 4: Tm s electron bay ra khi anot, s photon p vo anot trong mt thi gian t bt k. Tm hiu sut quang in.Hng dn: -Tmselectron bayrakhicatot lselectron toradngquang indovytavndngcngthc: I=q/t=ne|e|/tt suy ra ne-Tm s photon p vo anot: Ta tm nng lng ca chm photon v ly nng lng ca chm photon chia cho nng lng ca mt photon th ta c s photon cn tm. Vi bi ton ny thng cho cng sut bc x P nn ta c: np=Ap/=P.t/hf. - Mun tm hin sut quang in ta dng cng thc:H=ne/np V d 1 : : Chiu mt chm bc x vo t bo quang in c catot lm bng Na th cng dng quang in bo ha l 3A . S electron b bt ra ra khi catot trong hai pht l bao nhiu?HD Gii: p dng cng thc I=q/t=ne|e|/t ta suy ra c ne=I.t/|e|. Lu i n v ca I ra ampeV d 2 :Chiu vo catt mt nh sng c bc sng 0,546m, th dng quang in bo ho c gi tr l 2mA. Cng sut bc x l 1,515W . Hiu sut lng t l bao nhiu ?.HD Gii :p dng cng thc : I=q/t=ne|e|/tta tm c ne; cng thc np=Ap/=P.t/hf. ta tm c np v cng thc H=ne/np tm H. Lu :H tnh ra %DNG 5: Tm hiu in th hm khng mt electron bay v anot (hay dng quang in trit tiu)Hng dn: - Hin tng cc electron khng v c anot do in trng sinh cng cn cn tr chng.-Mun vy th: Cng cn in trng c gi tr b nht bng ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in. Ta c: 20 ax2MhmveU = suy ra: Uh=| | 220emv -Lu : Khi chn kt qu th UhEm) (10)t suy ra c: Bc sng hay tn s.- Lu : thng ta ln v biu mc lng gii.V d 1 :Nguyn t Hydro b kch thch chuyn ln qu o c nng lng cao. Sau chuyn t qu o c lng E3 v E1 th pht ra nh sng n sc c tn s f31=4200Hz. Khi chuyn t E3 v E2 th pht ra nh sng n sc c tn s f32= 3200Hz. Tm tn s nh sng khi n chuyn t mc nng lng E2 v E1?HD Gii :Vn dng cng thcnm n mnmhchf E E el= = = -(Em>En) (10)ta c: E3-E1=(E3-E2)+(E2-E1)hf31=hf32+hf21f31=f32+f21 Suy ra:f21=f31-f32 M rng: Nu tm bc sng ta cng c: 21 32 311 1 1 + t y suy ra cc bc sng cn tm.V d 2: Trong quang ph hir, bc sng (m) ca cc vch quang ph nh sau: Vch th nht ca dy Lai-man 21 =0,1216 m; Vch H ca dy Ban-me H = 0,6563m.Vch u ca dy Pa-sen 43 =1,8751m Tnh bc sng ca hai vch quang ph th hai, th ba ca dy Lai-man v ca vch H .GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 22HD Gii: p dng cng thc hcE En mmn1vi m > n .Dy Lai-man :21 321 2 2 3 1 3311 1 1 + +hcE EhcE EhcE E suy ra31 = 0,1026 (m).

32 43 421 1 1 + suy ra 42 = 0,4861 (m).V d 3 : Khi kch thch nguyn t hiro trnh thi c bn, bn knh qu o dng ca lectron tng ln 9 ln. Tnh cc bc sng ca cc bc x m nguyn t hiro c th pht ra, bit rng nng lng ca cc trng thi dng ca nguyn t hir l En = ) (6 , 132eVn vi n = 1;2; Cho : h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s) ; c = 3.108 (m/s).HD Gii: Nguyn t hiro trng thi kch thch, lectron trng thi dng ng vi n2 = 9 => n = 3.Sau electron tr v lp trong c th pht ra cc bc x c bc sng 31 ; 32 ; 21 nh hnh 2. Dy Lai-man . ) ( 121 , 01) ( 103 , 01211 221311 331mhcE EmhcE E Dy Ban-me .

) ( 657 , 01322 332mhcE E

4.Bi tp c li gii hoc hng dn:Bi 1. Bc sng ca vch quang ph u tin trong dy Laiman l 0 = 122 nm, ca hai vch H v H trong dy Banme ln lt l 1 = 656nm v 2 = 486 nm. Hy tnh bc sng ca vch quang ph th hai trong dy Laiman v vch u tin trong dy Pasen.HD Gii: 31hc= E3 - E1 = E3 - E2 + E2 - E1 =1hc+0hc 31 = 1 01 0 += 103 nm;

43hc= E4 - E3 = E4 - E2 + E2 - E3 = 2hc- 1hc 43 = 2 12 1 = 1875 nm.Bi2. Trong quang ph vch ca nguyn t hir, vch ng vi bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman l 1=0,1216 mvvchngvi schuyncaelectrontquoMvquoKcbcsng 2 = 0,1026 m. Hy tnh bc sng di nht 3 trong dy Banme.HD Gii: 3hc= EM - EL = EM - EK + EK - EL =2hc- 1hc 3 = 2 12 1 = 0,6566 m.Bi 3. Cc mc nng lng ca nguyn t hir trng thi dng c cho bng cng thc: En = -26 , 13neV vi n l s nguyn; n = 1 ng vi mc c bn K; n = 2, 3, 4, ng vi cc mc kch thch L, M, N,a) Tnh ra Jun nng lng in ho ca nguyn t hir.b) Tnh ra mt bc sng ca vch H trong dy Banme.HD Gii: GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 23LMK32 31

21

Hnh v d 3a) ion ha nguyn t hir th ta phi cung cp cho n mt nng lng electron nhy t qu o K (n = 1) ra khi mi lin kt vi ht nhn (n = ). Do E = E - E1 = 0 - (-219110 . 6 , 1 . 6 , 13) = 21,76.10-19 J.b) Ta c: 32hc= E3 E2 = - 219310 . 6 , 1 . 6 , 13- (-219210 . 6 , 1 . 6 , 13) 32 = 1910 . 6 , 1 . 6 , 13 . 536hc= 0.658.10-6 m.Bi4.Khi lectronquodngthn th nnglngcanguyn t hir ctnhtheo cngthc En = - 26 , 13n(eV) (n = 1, 2, 3,). Tnh bc sng ca bc x do nguyn t hir pht ra khi lectron trong nguyn t hir chuyn t qu o dng n = 3 sang qu o dng n = 2.HD Gii: E3 = - 236 , 13eV = - 1,511 eV; E2 = - 226 , 13eV = - 3,400 eV; E3 - E2 = 32hc 32 = 2 3E Ehc = 6,576.10-7 m = 0,6576 m.Bi 5. Nng lng ca cc trng thi dng trong nguyn t hir ln lt l EK = -13,60 eV; EL = -3,40 eV; EM = -1,51 eV; EN = -0,85 eV; EO = -0,54 eV. Hy tm bc sng ca cc bc x t ngoi do nguyn t hir pht ra.HD Gii: LK = K LE Ehc= 0,1218.10-6m; MK = K ME Ehc= 0,1027.10-6m;NK = K NE Ehc= 0,0974.10-6m; OK = K OE Ehc= 0,0951.10-6m.Bi 6. Bit bc sng ca hai vch u tin trong dy Laiman ca nguyn t hir l L1= 0,122 m v L2 = 103,3 nm. Bit mc nng lng trng thi kch thch th hai l -1,51 eV. Tm bc sng ca vch Htrong quang ph nhn thy ca nguyn t hir, mc nng lng ca trng thi c bn v trng thi kch thch th nht.HD Gii:hc= EM - EL = EM - EK - (EL - EK) = 2 Lhc- 1 Lhc =2 12 1L LL L = 0,6739 m.

2 Lhc= EM EK EK = - EM - 2 Lhc= - 13,54 eV; EL = EK + 1 Lhc= - 3,36 eV.Bi 7. Chiu nh sng n sc c bc sng 0,30 m vo mt cht th thy cht pht ra nh sng c bc sng 0,50 m. Cho rng cng sut ca chm sng pht quang ch bng 0,01 cng sut ca chm sng kch thch. Hy tnh t s gia s phtn nh sng pht quang v s phtn nh sng kch thch pht trong cng mt khong thi gian.HD Gii:n =hcWhcW W ; n =hcWhcW W ' ''''' ; H = WWWWnn ' 01 , 0 ' ' ' = 0,017 = 1,7 %.Bi 8:Trong quang ph hir c bc sng (tnh bng m )ca cc vch nh sau: - Vch th nht ca dy Laiman: 121508 , 021 - Vch H ca dy Banme: 656279 , 032 - Ba vch u tin ca dy Pasen: 8751 , 143 , 2818 , 153 , 0938 , 163 .a. Tnh tn s ca cc bc x trn?b. Tnh bc sng ca hai vch quang ph th 2 v th 3 ca dy Laiman v ca cc vchH ,H, H ca dy banme.S: a.Hz f152110 . 469 , 2 b. m 102523 , 031.....GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 24Bi 9:Cho mt chm electron bn ph nguyn t hir trng thi c bn kch thch chng.a. Xc nh vn tc nh nht sao cho n c th lm xut hin tt c cc vch ca quang ph pht x ca hir.b. Mun cho quang ph hir ch xut hin mt vch th nng lng ca electron phi nm trong khong no?S: a.v=2187000m/s.b. eV W eV 09 , 12 2 , 10 < Bi 10:Electron ca nguyn t hir trng thi c bn hp th mt nng lng 12,09eV.a. Electron ny chuyn ln trng thi kch thch ng vi mc nng lng no?b. Nguyn t hir sau khi b kch thch nh trn th n s pht ra bao nhiu bc x v nhng bc x thuc dy no?S:a. electron ca nguyn t hir chuyn ln mc nng lng M ( ) 3 n.b. C 2 bc x thuc dy Lai-man v 1 bc x thuc dy Ban-me Bi 11: Bit bc sng ng vi bn vch trong dy Banme ca quang ph Hir l:Vch (H): 0,656m Vch lam ( H): 0,486m Vch chm (H): 0,434m Vch tm (H): 0,410m Hy tnh bc sng nh sng ng vi ba vch ca dy Pasen nm trong vng hng ngoiS: 1,875m ; 1,282m ; 1,093m Bi 12: Trong quang ph ca hir, bc sng ( tnh bng m ) ca cc vch quang ph nh sau: Vch th nht ca dy Laiman: 21 0,121268; Vch H ca dy Banme: 32 0,656279; Ba vch u tin ca dy Pasen: 43 1,8751; 53 1,2818; 63 1,0938a) Tnh tn s dao ng ca cc bc x trn yb) Tnh bc sng ca hai vch quang ph th hai v th ba ca dy Laiman v ca cc vch H ; H; H ca dy Banme. Cho c = 3.108 m/s S: a) f21 =2,46775.1015(Hz);f32=4,57123.1015(Hz);f43=1,5999.1014(Hz);f53=2,3405.1014(Hz);f63= 2,7427.1014(Hz);b)31 0,10257(m );41 0,09725(m );42 0,48613(m );52 0,43405(m ) 62 0,41017(m )Bi 13: Ba vch quang ph u tin trong dy Laiman ca nguyn t H c bc sng ln lt l: 011216 A ; 021026 A ;01973 A . Hi nu nguyn t H b kch thch sao cho lectrn chuyn ng ln qu o N th nguyn t c th pht ra nhng vch no trong dy Banme? Tnh bc sng cc vch .S: 0324896 A ; 0426566, 4 A Bi 14:Bit bc sng ng vi hai vch u tin trong dy Laiman l:210,122 m v 310,103 m . Mc nng lng ca trng thi kch thch th hai l E = -1,51 eV.a) Tm bc sng ca vch H trong quang ph nhn thy ca nguyn t Hb) Tm mc nng lng ca trng thi c bn.S: a)320, 661 m ; b) E1 = -13,6 eVBi 15: Cho mt chm lectrn bn ph cc nguyn t H trng thi c bn kch thch chnga) Xc nh vn tc cc tiu ca cc lectrn sao cho c th lm xut hin tt c cc vch ca quang ph pht x ca Hb) Mun cho quang ph H ch c 1 vch th nng lng ca lectrn phi nm trong khong no?S: a) 2,1.106 m/s;b) 10, 2 12,1 eV E eV 12256675Bi 20:Nng lng ion ha nguyn t Hyr l 13,6eV. Bc sng ngn nht m nguyn t c th bc ra l :A. 0,122mB. 0,0911m C. 0,0656m D. 0,5672mHD Gii: 11. h cE E = 2 2 213, 6( ) 13, 6( ) 13, 6( ) 0 ( ( ) 13, 61 1eV eVeV eV =>1.13, 6.h ce =9,11648.10-8m = 0,091165 m.Chn BBi 21: Bit bc sng vivch u tin trong dy Laiman l: 210,122 m v vch cui cng ca dy banme l 20, 365 m . Tmnng lng ion ha nguyn t hidro.HD Gii: Vi vch u tin ca dy laiman ta c:21L KhcE E (1)Vi vch cui cng ca dy banme ta c:2LhcE E

(2)Nng lng ion ha nguyn t hidro: E =E- EK T (1) v (2) ta c 21 2hc hcE + . Thay s v i n v ta s c kt qu E = 13,6eVGV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 26Nguyn tc thnh cng: Suy ngh tch cc; Cm nhn am m; Hnh ng kin tr !Chc cc em hc sinhTHNH CNG trong hc tp! Su tm v chnh l: GV: on Vn Lng Email:doanvluong@yahoo.com ;doanvluong@gmail.com; T: 0915718188 09068482385. Luyn tp trc nghim:Cu 1: Trong nguyn t hyr, xt cc mc nng lng t K n P c bao nhiu kh nng kch thch lctrn tng bn knh qu o ln 4 ln ?A. 1B.2C.3 *D.4Cu 2 : Trong nguyn t hir, lectrn t qu o L chuyn v qu o K c nng lng EK = 13,6eV. Bc sng bc x pht ra bng l =0,1218 m. Mc nng lng ng vi qu o L bng :A.3,2eVB. 3,4eV *. 4,1eVD. 5,6eVCu 3 :Chm nguyn t H ang trng thi c bn, b kch thch pht sng th chng c th pht ra ti a 3 vch quang ph. Khi b kch thch electron trong nguyn t H chuyn sang qu o : A.M *B.LC.O D.NCu 4: Cho: 1eV = 1,6.10-19J ; h = 6,625.10-34Js ; c = 3.108m/s . Khi lectrn (lectron) trong nguyn t hir chuyn t qu o dng c nng lng Em = - 0,85eV sang qu o dng c nng lng E = - 13,60eV th nguyn t pht bc x in t c bc sngA. 0,0974 m.*B. 0,4340 m.C. 0,4860 m.D. 0,6563 m.Cu 5 : Trong nguyn t hir, bn knh Bo l ro = 5,3.10-11m. Bn knh qu o dng N lA. 47,7.10-11m.B. 84,8.10-11m.*C. 21,2.10-11m.D. 132,5.10-11m.HD:Qu o dng N ng vi n = 4=> r = n2r0 = 16.5,3.10-11 = 8,48.10-10m.= 84,8.10-11m.* Cu 6: Cho bn knh qu o Bo th nht 0,53.10-10 m. Bn knh qu o Bo th nm l: A. 2,65. 10-10 mB. 0,106. 10-10 mC. 10,25. 10-10 mD. 13,25. 10-10 mCu 7:Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10-34J.s v ln ca in tch nguyn t l 1,6.10-19C. Khi nguyn t hir chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng -1,514 eV sang trang thi dng c nng lng -3,407 eV th nguyn t pht ra bc x c tn sA. 2,571.1013 Hz. B. 4,572.1014Hz.* C. 3,879.1014Hz. D. 6,542.1012Hz.Cu 8: Cho: 1eV = 1,6.10-19 J; h = 6,625.10-34 J.s; c = 3.108 m/s. Khi lectrn (lectron) trong nguyn t hir chuyn t qu o dng c nng lng -0,85 eV sang qu o dng c nng lng -13,60 eV th nguyn t pht bc x in t c bc sngA. 0,4340 m B. 0,4860 m C. 0,0974 m * D. 0,6563 mCu 9.,Mt nguyn t hir chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng EM= -1,5eV sang trng thi nng lng EL = -3,4ev Bc sng ca bc x pht ra l:A. 0,434 m B. 0,486 m C. 0,564D. 0,654 m*Cu 10. Bc sng di nht trong dy Banme l 0,6560 m. Bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman l 0,1220 m. Bc sng di th hai ca dy Laiman lA. 0,0528 mB. 0,1029 m* C. 0,1112 mD. 0,1211 mCu 11. Cho bc sng ca 4 vch quang ph nguyn t Hyro trong dy Banme l vch 0, 6563 H m , vch lam 0, 4860 H m , vch chm 0, 4340 H m , v vch tm0, 4102 H m . Hy tm bc sng ca 3 vch quang ph u tin trong dy Pasen vng hng ngoi: A. 4353631, 87291, 0931, 2813mmm 'B. 4353631, 87291, 28131, 093mmm ' C. 4353631, 78291,82131, 093mmm 'D. 4353631,87291, 28131, 903mmm 'Cu 12:Trong quang ph vch ca hir bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman bng 1215A0, bc sng ngn nht trongdy Ban-me bng 3650A0 .Tm nng lng ion ho nguyn t hiro khi electron trn qu o c nng lng thp nht l : ( cho h= 6,625.10-34Js ; c= 3.108m/s;1A0=10-10 m) A. 13,6(ev)B. -13,6(ev) C. 13,1(ev)D. -13,1(ev)Cu 13. Bc sng di nht trong dy Banme l 0,6560 m. Bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman l 0,1220 m. Bc sng di th hai ca dy Laiman l A. 0,0528 m;B. 0,1029 m;C. 0,1112 m;D. 0,1211 mCu 14. Hai vch quang ph c bc sng di nht ca dy Laiman c bc sng ln lt l 1 = 0,1216 m v 2 = 0,1026 m. Bc sng di nht ca vch quang ph ca dy Banme l A. 0,5875 m;B. 0,6566 m;C. 0,6873 m; D. 0,7260 mGV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 27Cu 15.Bc sng ca vch quang ph u tin trong dy Laiman l o = 122nm, ca vch H trong dy Banme l = 656nm. Bc sng ca vch quang ph th hai trong dy Laiman l A. 10,287nm.B. 102,87nm. C. 20,567nm.D. 205,67nm.Cu 16. Bc sng ca hai vch H v H trong dy Banme l 1 = 656nm v 2 = 486nm. Bc sng ca vch quang ph u tin trong dy Pasen. A. 1,8754 m. B. 0,18754 m.C. 18,754 m.D. 187,54 m.Cu 17. Trong quang ph vch ca nguyn t hir, vch ng vi bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman l 1 = 0,1216 m v vch ng vi s chuyn ca electron t qu o M v qu o K c bc sng 2 = 0,1026 m. Hy tnh bc sng di nht 3 trong dy Banme. A. 6,566 m. B. 65,66 m. C. 0,6566 m.D. 0,0656 m.Cu 18. Trong quang ph vch ca hir cho bit vch mu v mu tm c bc sng l H= 0,6563m v H= 0,4102m . Bc sng ngn nht trong dy Pasen l : A. 1,0939m B.0,1094 m C.0,7654 m D.0,9734 mCu 19. .Bit mc nng lng ng vi qu o dng n trong nguyn t hir : En = -13,6/n2 (eV); n = 1,2,3, ... Electron trong nguyn t hir trng thi c bn c kch thch chuyn ln trng thi c bn knh qu o tng ln 9 ln. Khi chuyn di v mc c bn th nguyn t pht ra bc x c nng lng ln nht lA. 13,6 eV.B. 12,1 eV C. 10,2 eVD. 4,5 eVCu 20. Mc nng lng ca cc qu o dng ca nguyn t hir ln lt t trong ra ngoi l E1 = - 13,6 eV; E2 = - 3,4 eV; E3 = - 1,5 eV; E4 = - 0,85 eV. Nguyn t trng thi c bn c kh nng hp th cc phtn c nng lng no di y nhy ln mt trong cc mc trn: A. 12,2 eVB. 3,4 eV C. 10,2 eV D. 1,9 eVCu 21. Trong nguyn t hir mc nng lng ng vi qu o dng th n c cho bi: En = - 213,6 eVn. Nng lng ng vi vch ph H l: A. 2,55 eVB. 13,6 eV C. 3,4 eVD. 1,9 eVCu 22: Cc mc nng lng ca nguyn t H trng thi dng c xc nh bng cng thc En= - 2n6 , 13eV, vi n l s nguyn n= 1,2,3,4 ... ng vi cc mc K,L,M,N. Tnh tn s ca bc x c bc sng di nht dy Banme A 2,315.1015 HzB. 2,613.1015Hz C 2,463.1015 HzD. 2, 919.1015HzCu 23. Cho h = 6,625.10-34J.s ; c = 3.108 m/s. Mc nng lng ca cc qu o dng ca nguyn t hir ln lt ttrong ra ngoi l 13,6 eV; - 3,4 eV; - 1,5 eV vi: En =213,6 eVn; n = 1, 2, 3 Khi electron chuyn t mc nng lng ng vi n = 3 v n = 1 th s pht ra bc x c tn s: A. 2,9.1014 Hz B. 2,9.1015 Hz C. 2,9.1016 HzD. 2,9.1017 HzCu 24.Nng lng ca qu o dng th n trong nguyn t hiro c tnh bi h thc:213, 6nE eVn (n l s nguyn). Tnh 2 bc sng gii hn ca dy quang ph Banme (do electron chuyn t qu o c mc cao hn v mc n = 2) A.30, 657 ; ' 0, 365 m m B.12 1231, 05.10 ; ' 0, 584.10 m m C.36, 57 ; ' 3, 65 m m D.7 731, 26.10 ; ' 0, 657.10 m m Cu 25:Cho bit nng lng cn thit ti thiu bt in t ra khi nguyn t Hyr t trng thi c bn l 13,6 eV. Tnh bc sng ngn nht ca vch quang ph trong dy Pasen. Bit khi chuyn t qu o M v qu o K, nguyn t Hyr pht ra mt phtn c bc sng 0,1026 m . A. Khng xc nh c.B.min = 0,8321 m .C. min = 0,1321 m . D. min = 0,4832 mCu26.Bcsngdi nht trongdyBanmel0,6560 m. Bcsngdi nht trongdyLaimanl 0,1220 m. Bc sng di th hai ca dy Laiman lA. 0,0528 mB. 0,1029 mC. 0,1112 m D. 0,1211 m Cu 27.Bc sng ca vch quang ph th nht trong dy Laiman l 1220 nm, bc sng ca vch quang ph th nht v th hai ca dy Banme l 0,656 m v 0,4860 m. Bc sng ca vch th ba trong dy Laiman lA. 0,0224 m B. 0,4324 m C. 0,0975 m D. 0,3672 mGV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 28Cu 28:Khi chuyn t qu o M v qu o L, nguyn t Hyr pht ra mt phtn c bc sng 0,6563 m . Khi chuyn t qu o N v qu o L, nguyn t Hyr pht ra mt phtn c bc sng 0,4861 m. Khi chuyn t qu o N v qu o M, nguyn t Hyr pht ra mt phtn c bc sng . A/ 1,1424 mB/0,1702 m C/ 1,8744 mD/ 0,2793 m* S dng d kin sau:Trong nguyn t hir, gi tr c mc nng nng ng vi cc qu o K, L, M, N, O ln lt l -13,6 eV; -3,4 eV; -1,51 eV; -0,85 eV; -0,54 eV. Tr li cu 29; 30:Cu 29: nguyn t c mc nng lng no trong cc mc di y? Chn kt qu ng trong cc kt qu sau: A. E = -2,42.10-20J B. E = -2,42.10-19JC. E = -2,40.10-19JD. E = 2,42.10-19JCu 30: nguyn t hir c thpht ra mt bc x c bc sng trong chn khng no trong cc bc sng di y? Chn kt qu ng trong cc kt qu sau: A.= 102,7m B.= 102,7 pmC.= 102,7 nm D.= 102,7 m.Cu 31:Cho 3 vch c bc sng di nht trong 3 dy quang ph ca nguyn t Hir l :1L( Laiman ) ; 1B (Banme) ; 1P ( Pasen ). Cng thc tnh bc sng3Ll:A. L 1 B 1 P 1 L 31 1 1 1+. B. L 1 P 1 B 1 L 31 1 1 1+.C. L 1 B 1 P 1 L 31 1 1 1++. D. P 1 B 1 L 1 L 31 1 1 1+. Cu 32:Cho bit bc sng di nht ca dy Laiman , Banmev pasen trong quang ph pht x ca nguyn t hyr ln lt l 1 ,2,3 . C th tm c bao nhiu bc sng ca cc bc x khc.A/2B/ 3. C/ 4D/5Cu 33. Mt electron c ng nng 12,4 eV n va chm vi nguyn t hir ng yn, trng thi c bn. Sau va chm nguyn t hir vn ng yn nhng chuyn ln mc kch thch u tin. ng nng ca electron cn li l:A. 10,2 eVB. 2,2 eVC. 1,2 eV D. Mt gi tr khc. Cu 34. Theo thuyt Bo ,bn knh qu o th nht ca electron trong nguyn t hidro l 0r = 5,3.1011m, cho hng s in k= 9.109 22NmC. Hy xc nh vn tc gc ca electron chuyn ng trn u quanh ht nhn trn qu o ny. A. 6,8.1016rad/sB. 2,4.1016rad/s C. 4,6.1016rad/sD. 4,1.1016rad/sCu 35: nguyn t hir gm mt ht nhn v mt lectrn quay xung quanh n. Lc tng tc gia lectrn v ht nhn l lc tng tc in (lc Culng). Vn tc ca lectrn khi n chuyn ng trn qu o c bn knh r0 = 5,3.10-11m (qu o K) s vng quay ca lectrn trong mt n v thi gian c th nhn nhng gi tr ng no sau y? Cho: Hng s in k = 9.10922.Cm N; e = 1,6.10-19C;me = 9,1.10-31 kg;h = 6,625.10-34Js. A. V = 2,2.106 m/s; f = 6,6.1015 vng/giy B. V = 2,2.104 m/s; f = 6,6.1018 vng/giy C. V = 2,2.106 km/s; f = 6,6.1015 vng/giy D. Cc gi tr khc.Cu36:Khi electronqu odngthnth nnglngca nguyntHydroc tnhtheocngthc 26 , 13nEn eV (n = 1, 2, 3, ...). Khi electron trong nguyn t Hydro chuyn t qu o dng th n = 3 sang qu o dng n = 2 th nguyn t Hydro pht ra photon ng vi bc x c bc sng bng: A. 0,4350 m B. 0,4861 m C. 0,6576 m D. 0,4102 mCu 37: Bc sng ng vi bn vch quang ph Hyro l vch tm: m 4102 , 0; vch chm: m 4340 , 0; vch lam: m 4861 , 0; vch : m 6563 , 0. Bn vch ny ng vi s chuyn ca lectron trong nguyn t Hyro t cc qu o M, N, O v P v qu o L. Hi vch lam ng vi s chuyn no ?A. S chuynL M B. S chuynN L C. S chuynL O D. S chuynL P Cu 38: Tn s ln nht v bc sng nh nht ca dy Laiman l:A. 0max min0E hf ;hc E B. 0max min0E hf ;h E C. 0max min0E hcf ;h E D. 0max min0E hcf ;hc E Cu 39: Tn s ln nht v bc sng nh nht ca dy Banme l:GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 29A. 0max min0E 4hf ;4hc E B. 0max min0E 4hcf ;4h E C. 0max min0E 4hf ;4h E D. 0max min0E 4hcf ;4hc E Cu 40.Tn s ln nht v bc sng nh nht ca dy Pasen l:A. 0max min0E 9hcf ;9h E B. 0max min0E 9hf ;9hc E C. 0max min0E 9hcf ;9hc E D. 0max min0E 9hf ;9h E III. TIA RN-GHEN (TIA X)1. Tm tt l thuyt v cng thc:- Bc sng nh nht ca tia Rnghen:212MazMinhchf mv => MinhcEl =

- ng nng ca electron khi p vo i catt (i m cc) : 2 202 2mv mvE e U = = + U l hiu in th gia ant v catt;v l vn tc electron khi p vo i catt v0 l vn tc ca electron khi ri catt (thng v0 = 0); m = 9,1.10-31 kg l khi lng electron- Cng ca lc in : 212e U mv 2.Bi tp: DNG 1: Tm bc sng nh nht do tia X pht ra (hay tn s ln nht)Hng dn: AKU : in p t vo Ant v Katt ca ng Cu-lt-gi(ng Rnghen) - Hin tng: khi cc electron c tng tc trong in trng th nng lng ca chng gm ng nng ban u cc i v nng lng in trng cung cp. - Khi p vo i m cc th nng lnggm nhit lng (lm nng i m cc) v nng lngpht tia X. ->Nng lng dng electron = nng lng tia X + Nhit nng (nhit nng rt ln so vi nng lng tia X)X XQ + XhcXXhc hc Vi = /e/ UAK .Suy ra: AKU ehc| | Vy bc sng ngn nht ca tia X pht ra l: AKU ehc| |min =>fmax=mincV d 1: Trong mt ng Rn-ghen. Bit hiu in th gia ant va catt l U = 2.106 (V).Hy tm bc sng nh nht min ca tia Rn- ghen do ng pht ra? .HD Gii:Ta c : E = 221mv = eU.Khi lectron p vo catt: Ta c : eU.=> hf = eUhceUhc .Vy bc sng nh nht ca tia Rn-ghen l : min = eUhc.Thay s : U = 2.106 = 20.103 (V) ; h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s)e = 1,6.10-19 (C); c = 3.108 (m/s).Vy :min = ) ( 62 , 0 ) ( 10 . 62 , 010 . 3 . 10 . 6 , 110 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6128 198 34pm m .V d 2: Hiu in th gia anot v catot ca ng Rnghen l 18,75kV. Cho e=1,6.10-19C, h=6,625.10-34Js, c=3.108m/s. B qua ng nng ban u ca electron. Bc sng nh nht m tia Rnghen pht ra l bao nhiu?HD Gii: -Vn dng cng thc : AKU ehc| |min - Thay s: ta c:min 0,6625.10-10m M rng: Cng bi ton trn yu cu tm fmax th p dng cng thc fmax=mincDNG 2: Tm vn tc cc i ca electron khi p vo catot. Hng dn:Vn dng cng thc: E=A=|e| UAK l nng lng do in trng cung cpGV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 30Vi: |e|UAK=E=mv2/2 . T suy ra c vV d 1: Hiu in th gia Anot v catot ca ng Culitz l 20kV.Cho e=1,6.10-19C, h=6,625.10-34Js, c=3.108m/s. B qua ng nng ban u ca electron. Tnh vn tc ca electron khi p vo catot?HD Gii:Vn dng cng thc |e|UAK=E=mv2/2ta c v=8,4.107m/s.DNG 3: Tnh nhit lng lm nng i Katt.Nhit lng lm nng i Katt bng tng ng nng ca cc quang electron n p vo i Katt:Q =W = N.W = N.e.AKU.Vi N tng s quang electron n i Katt.M Q= mC(t2-t1), vi C nhit dung ring ca kim loi lm i Kattc.Bi tp c hng dn hoc p s:Bi 1: Bit hiu in th gia A v K ca ng tia Rnghen l 12kV. Tm bc sng nh nht ca tia Rn-ghen do ng pht ra. T suy ra tn s ln nht ca bc x do ng Rn-ghen pht ra.S:Suy ra: Hz f18max10 . 9 , 2 Bi 2: Mt ng Rnghen pht ra bc x c bc sng nh nht l 3.10-10m. Bit c = 3.108 m/s; h = 6,625.10-34 Js. ng nng ca lectron khi p vo i m cc l:A. 19,875.10-16 J. B. 19,875.10-19 J. C. 6,625.10-16 J. D. 6,625.10-19 J.HD Gii:ng nng ca lectron khi p vo i m cc c th mt phn hoc ton b chuyn thnh nng lng ca tia X: hcmv2120; du = xy ra vi nhng bc x c bc sng nh nht, do 16108 34min2010 . 625 , 610 . 310 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6 hcmv21 J .Chn CBi 3: Chm tia Rn-ghen m ngi ta thy c nhng tia c tn s ln nht v bngHz1910 . 5 .a. Tnh ng nng cc i ca electron p vo i catt?b. Tnh in p hai u ng Rn-ghen? Bit vn tc ca electron khi ri Catt bng khng.c. Trong 20s ngi ta xc nh c 1018 electron p vo i catt. Tnh cng dng in qua ng Rn-ghen?S:a. J W14max10 . 3125 , 3b. V U510 . 07 , 2 c.mA i 8 Bi 4: Mt ng Cu-lt-gi c in p gia hai u ng Cu- lt - gi l 10KV vi dng in trong ng l I = 1mA. a) Tnh s e p vo i Kattsau mt pht ? b) Tnh ng nng ca e p vo i Katt ? c) Tnh bc sng nh nht ca tia X ? d) Coi rng ch c 1% s e p vo i Kattto ra tia X. Sau mt pht hot ng th i Kattnng thm bao nhiu cho khi lng ca i Kattl m = 100g v nhit dung ring l 120J/kg.S:a) s:N=3,74. 1017 b) W=1,6.10-15J c) 0 =1,24.1010m

d) suy ra t =49,3680CBi 5: Mt ng Cu-lt-gi c UAK= 15KV v dng in chy qua ng l 20mA. a) Tnh tc v ng nng ca e ti i Katt(v0=0). b) Tnh nhit lng to ra trn i Katttrong mi pht v lu lng H20 lm ngui i Kattbit rng nhit ca nc i vo l 200 v i ra l 400 nhit dung ring cu nc l C= 4186 J/kg. ( cho rng ton b ng nng ca e lm nng i Katt ). S:a )v=72,63. 106 m/sb) Q=18000J.Vy lu lng nc lm ngui i Ka tt=3,58(g/s)Bi 6: (*): Mt ng Rn-ghen hot ng di in p V U 50000 . Khi cng dng in qua ng Rn-ghen lmA I 5 . Gi thit 1% nng lng ca chum electron c chuyn ha thnh nng lng ca tia X v nng lng trung bnh ca cc tia X sinh ra bng 75% nng lng ca tia c bc sng ngn nht. Bit electron pht ra khi catot vi vn tc bng 0.a. Tnh cng sut ca dng in qua ng Rn-ghenb. Tnh s photon ca tia X pht ra trong 1 giy?GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 31c. Catot c lm ngui bng dng nc c nhit ban uC t0110 . Hy tm lu lng nc (lt/pht) phi dung gi cho nhit catot khng thay i. Bit khi ra khi ng Rn-ghen th nhit ca nc l C t0225 . Nhit dung ring ca nc l K kgJc.4200 . Khi lng ring ca nc l 1000kg/m3.S:a.W P 250

b. S photon do tia X sinh ra trong 1 giy:1410 . 2 , 4 N(photon/s) c. Phn nng lng bin thnh nhit trong 1 giy:UI Q . 99 , 0 .23 , 0 m(lt/pht)3.Trc nghim Cu 1 : in p cc i gia ant v catt ca mt ng Cu-lt-gi l Uo = 18200V .B qua ng nng ca lectron khi bt khi catt .Tnh bc sng ngn nht ca tia X do ng pht ra .Cho h = 6,625.10-34Js ; c = 3.108m/s ; |e| = 1,6.10-19C :A. 68pm * B. 6,8pm C. 34pm D. 3,4pmCu 2 : in p cc i gia ant v catt ca mt ng Cu-lt-gi l 18,75 kV. Bit ln in tch lectrn (lectron), tc sng trong chn khng v hng s Plng ln lt l 1,6.10-19C ; 3.108 m/s v 6,625.10-34J.s. B qua ng nng ban u ca lectrn. Bc sng nh nht ca tia Rnghen do ng pht ra lA. 0,4625.10-9 m.B. 0,5625.10-10 m.C. 0,6625.10-9 m.D. 0,6625.10-10 m.*Cu 3 : ng Cu-lt-gi hot ng vi hiu in th cc i 50(kV). Bc sng nh nht ca tia X m ng c th to ra l:(ly gn ng). Cho h = 6,625.10-34J.s, c = 3.108(m/s).A. 0,25(A0).* B. 0,75(A0). C. 2(A0). D. 0,5(A0).Cu 4 : in p cc i gia ant v catt ca mt ng Cu-lt-gi l Uo = 25 kV. Coi vn tc ban u ca chm lectrn (lectron) pht ra t catt bng khng. Bit hng s Plng h = 6,625.10-34J.s , in tch nguyn t bng 1,6.10-19C. Tn s ln nht ca tia Rnghen do ng ny c th pht ra lA. 6,038.1018 Hz.*B. 60,380.1015 Hz.C. 6,038.1015 Hz.D. 60,380.1018 Hz.Cu 5 : Mt ng Cu-lt-gi pht ra bc x c bc sng ngn nht l 2,65.10-11m .B qua ng nng ban u ca cc lectron khi thot ra khi b mt catt .Bit h = 6,625.10-34Js , c = 3.108m/s , e = 1,6.10-19C .in p cc i gia hai cc ca ng l :A. 46875V *B. 4687,5VC. 15625V D. 1562,5VCu 6 : Mt ng Cu-lt-gi pht ra bc x c bc sng nh nht l 5A0. Cho in tch electrn l 1,6.10-19C, hng s Planck l 6,625.10-34Js, vn tc ca nh sng trong chn khng l 3.108 m/s. Hiu in th cc i Uo gia ant v catt l bao nhiu ?A. 2500 V B. 2485 V * C. 1600 V D. 3750 VCu 7: Mt ng Cu-lt-gi pht ra bc x c bc sng ngn nht l 6,21.10-11 m. Bit ln in tch lectrn (lectron), tc sng trong chn khng v hng s Plng ln lt l 1,6.10-19 C, 3.108 m/s v 6,625.10-34 J.s .B qua ng nng ban u ca lectrn. in p cc i gia ant v catt ca ng lA. 2,00 kV.B. 20,00 kV.*C. 2,15 kV.D. 21,15 kV.Cu 8: Trong mt ng Cu-lt-gi ngi ta to ra mt hiu in th khng i gia hai cc. Trong mt pht ngi ta m c 6.1018 in t p vo ant. Tnh cng dng in qua ng Cu-lt-gi A. 16mA B. 1,6A C. 1,6mA D. 16A* ng tia X lm vic hiu in th U = 50 (kV) v cng dng in I = 2 (mA), trong 1 giy bc x n = 5.1013 phtn. Bit bc sng trunh bnh ca tia X l = 0,1 (nm). Cho bit : c = 3.108 (m/s) ; h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s). Hy tr li cc cu hi 9 v 10.Cu 9: Cng sut ca dng din s dng l:A. 300 W ,B. 400 W , C. 500 W ,D. 530 W .Cu 10: Hiu sut ca ng tia X l:A. 0,1 % , B. 1 % , C. 10 % ,D. 19% .4.Bi tp rn luynBi 1 : Mt ng pht tia X c hiu in th U=2.104 V.B qua ng nng ban u ca e lc ra khi catt.Tr li cc cu hi sau y.Cu 1:Vn tc ca e khi chm ti ca tt l bao nhiu?A:0,838.108m/s;B:0,838.106m/s ;C:0,638.108m/s;D:0,740.108m/s .Cu 2:Tnh bc sng cc tiu ca chm tia X pht raA:6,02.10-11m; B:6,21.10-11m;C:5,12.10-12m;D:4,21.10-12m.Cu 3:ng nng ca e khi dp vo i ca tt l bao nhiu?A:4,2.10-15J;B:3,8.10-15J;C:3,8.10-16J; D:3,2.10-15J.Bi 2 : Trong chm tia Rn-ghen pht ra t mt ng Rn-ghen, ngi ta thy nhng tia c tn s ln nht bng fmax =5.108 (Hz). a). Tnh hiu in th gia hai cc ca ng v ng nng cc i caelectron p vo i catt.GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 32 b). Trong 2 giy ngi ta tnh c c 1018 electron p vo i catt.Tnh cng dng in qua ng. c). i catt c lm ngui bng dng nc chy lun bn trong. Nhit li ra cao hn li vo l 100C. Tnh lu lng theo n v m3/s ca dng nc . Xem gn ng100% ng nng ca chm electron u chuyn thnh nhit lm nng i catt. Cho: nhit dung ring v khi lng ring ca nc l c = 4186 (J/kgK), D = 103 (kg/m3) ; khi lng ring v in tch ca electron l m =9,1.10-31(kg), e = 1,6.10-19 (C); hng s Plank h = 6,625.10-34 (J.s).S : a).WMax= 3,3125.10-15 (J).U = 20,7 (kV).b).I = 0,008 (A) = 8 (mA). c). Lu lng: L =) / ( 43s cmDm .C. T LUN I HC CAO NG D B CC NM TRCBi 1 (H-C-2005):Catt ca mt t bo trong quang in c cng thot electron bng 3,55eV. Ngi ta ln lt chiu vo catt ny cc bc x c bc sng 1 = 0,390 m v 2 = 0,270 m. Vi bc x no th hin tng quang in xy ra? Tnh ln ca hiu in th hm trong trng hp ny. Cho vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3x108m/s, hng s Plng h = 6,625x10-34 J.s; ln ca in tch ca electron |e| = 1,6x10-19c; 1eV = 1,6x10-19J. HD Gii: Ta c: 34 1419hc hc 6, 625 10 3 10A 0, 350 mA3, 55 1, 6 10 x x xx x1 > 0: khng xy ra hin tng quang in.2 > 0: xy ra hin tng quang in.V 2h 0max h2 01 hc hceU max nn eU2 + Suy ra ln hiu in th hm: 0 2h0 2hcU 1, 05Ve _ ,Bi 2 ( d b H-C-2005): Catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot electron A = 1,88 eV. Chiu mt chm sng c bc sng vo catt ny th hin tng quang in xy ra. trit tiu hon ton dng quang in th hiu in th hm c ln 1,15V. Tnh bc sng ca electron khi ti ant bng bao nhiu ? Bit rng s Plng h = 6,625. 10-34J.s; vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.108 m/s ; ln in tch ca electron e= 1,6.10-19c; 1eV = 1,6.10-19J HD Gii: -T cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in:20max h34 84619hhc 1A mv A e U2hc 6, 625x10 x3x100, 41x10 mA e U(1, 88 1,15)x1, 6x10 + + ++hay = 0,41 m.suy ra 2b omax omax1e U mv K2 Vi omaxK l ng nng ban u cc i ca mt electron.-Nu t gia ant v catt hiu in th UAK th khi i t catt n ant, electron nhn c thm in nng e UAKnn ng nng ln nht ca electron s l Kmax. Theo nh lut bo ton nng lng:max 0max AK h AK19 19K K e U e U e U1, 6x10 (1,15 4) 8, 24x10 J 5,15eV + + + Bi 3 ( d b H-C-2005): Khi chiu bc x c bc sng 0,180 m vo katot ca mt t bo quang in th hin tng quang in xy ra. trit tiu hon ton dng quang in th hin in th hm c ln 2.124V . Tnh gii hn quang in o ca kim loi dng lm katot. Nu t gia anod v katot ca t bo quang in hiu in th UAK = 8V th ng nng cc i ca electron quang in khi n ti anod bng bao nhiu? Choc = 3x108 m/s; h = 6.625 x 10-34 J.S; in tch ca e:|e|=1.6 x 10-19 C HD Gii:-T cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in:hh0 0e Uhc hc 1 1e Uhc + GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 33-Thay s:19606 34 801 1 1.6 10 2.1240.26 10 m 0.26 m0.18 10 6.625 10 3 10 -ng nng cc i ca quang in electron:( )19max h AK8K e U U 1.6 10 (2.124 8)1.62 10 J 10.124MeV + + Bi 4 ( d b H-C-2004): Chiu nh sng bc sng = 0,42 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot A = 2eV. trit tiu dng quang in th hiu in th t vo gia ant v catt ca t bo quang in phi tha mn iu kin g? Cho rng s Plng h = 6,625x10-34J.s in tch electron e = -1,6x10-19C; Vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3x108m/s; 1eV= 1,6x10-19J HD Gii: -T cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in:h hhc 1 hcA e U U Ae _ + ,-Th s: 34 819h19 61 6, 625x10 x3x10U 2x1, 6x101, 6x10 0, 42x100, 958V _ ,-Vy trit tiu dng quang in th AKU 0, 958V Bi 5 ( d b H-C-2005):Khi ri nh n sc c bc sng 0, 5 m ln mt l kim loi c lp cha nhim in th l kim loi nhim in n in th ti a Vmax = 1,5V. Gii thch s nhim in ny v xc nh gii hn quang in ca kim loi . Cho hng s Plng, vn tc nh sng trong chn khng, gi tr tuyt i ca in tch electron ln lt l: h = 6,625X10-34 K.s, c = 3x108 m/s, e = 1,6 X 10-19 C. HD Gii: -Gii thch s nhim in: Khi mt electron hp th mt phtn ca nh sng ti, electron s c nng lng ln hn cng thot A nn n c th bt khi b mt kim loi c chiu sng, lm cho kim loi thiu in tch m nn kim loi tch in dng.-Xc nh 0T cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in: max0hc hce . V + 19max6 34 80e . V1 1 1 1, 6 10 1, 5hc0, 5 10 6, 625 10 3 10 => 601, 2619 10 m 1, 2619 m. Bi 6 ( D b H-C-2003): Chiu chm sng c bc sng 0, 497 m . C cng sut P = 0,5mW vo catt kim loi ca mt t bo quang in. Dng quang in trit tiu khi hiu in th gia ant v catt AKU 0, 4V. a) Xc nh cng thot electron ca kim loi ny.b) Bit rng c 1000 phtn p vo catt trong 1 giy s lm thot ra 1 electron. Xc nh cng dng quang in bo ha Ibh. Cho vn tc nh sng trong chn khng, hng s Plng, gi tr tuyt i ca in tch electron ln lt l c = 3 x 108m/s; e = 1,6 x 10-19 C; h = 6,625 x 10-34 J.s.HD Gii: a.Theo cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in: AKhcA e U +34 810AK6hc 6, 625 10 3 10A e U 1, 6 10 0, 4 2,1eV0, 497 10 Gi N l s phtn p vo catttrong 1s:P PNhc b.S electron thot ra khi catt trong 1s l:Nn1000GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 34Vy bhNe P eI n.e1000 hc.1000 .Thay s: 3 6 196bh3 34 80, 5 10 0, 497 10 1, 6 10I 0, 2 10 A10 6, 625 10 3 10 Hay Ibh = 0,2 ABi 7 (H-C-2006):Ba vch c bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman ca quang ph hir l 1 = 0,1220 m; 2 = 0,128 m; 3 = 0,0975 m. Hi khi nguyn t hir b kch thch sao cho electron chuyn ln qu oN th nguyn t c th pht ra cc bc x ng vi cc bc x cho.Cho hng s Plng h = 6,625.10-34 J.s; vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.108 m/s.HD Gii: Dy Banme c to thnh khi electron chuyn t qu o bn ngoi v qu o L. Vy khi electron ang qu o N, th n c th chuyn v qu o L theo hai cch:- Chuyn trc tip t N v L v nguyn t pht ra bc x ng vi vch mu lamH. - Chuyn t N v M, ri t M chuyn v L, nguyn t pht ra bc x ng vi vch mu H.- Nng lng photon ng vi bc x mu :M L M K L KhcE E (E E ) (E E )hc hc 1 1hc( )hc( ).2 1 2 11 21 2 (1)Thay s vo (1), ta c:34 8 6a126, 625.10 .3.10 (0,1220 0,1028).100,1220 0,1028.10 => 193, 04.10 J Nng lng photon ng vi bc x mu lam:N L N K L K3 3hcE E (E E ) (E E )hc hc 1 1hc( )1 1 33hc( ).11 (2)Thay s vo (2) ta c:34 8 6126,625.10 3.10 (0,1220 0,0975).100,1220 0,0975.10 =>194.09.10 J Bi 8 (H-C-2004):Trong quang ph vch ca nguyn t hir, vch ng vi bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman l 1 = 0,1216 m v ng vi s chuyn ng ca electron t qu o M v qu o K c bc sng 2 = 0,1026 m. Hy tnh bc sng di nht 3 trong dy Banme.HD Gii: -Bc sng 1 ng vi s chuyn ng ca electron t qu o L v qu o K: L K1hcE E (1) -Bc sng 2ng vi s chuyn ng ca electron t qu o M v qu o K: M K2hcE E (2) -Bc sng di nht 3 trong dy Banme ng vi s chuyn ng ca electron t qu o M v qu o L. T (1) v (2) (hoc t hnh v) suy ra GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 35LMK

Hnh bi 8

( )( )M L3 2 13 2 11 231 2hc hc hcE E1 1 10,1216 0,10260, 6566 m0,1216 0,1026 Bi9 (D b H-C-2002):Khi chiu bc x c tn s 15f 2,1x10 Hz vo catt ca mt t bo quang in th cc electron quang in bn ra u b gi li bi hiu in th hm c ln hU 6, 625V . Xc nh gii hn quang in ca kim loi lm catt.HD Gii: -Khi AKU kh ln th tt c electron quang in b t khi catt s v ht ant v to thnh dng in bhI Nu tip tc tng AKU th s electron v ant (trong 1s) cng khng tng hn na tc bhI cng khng tng v vy bhI gi l cng dng quang in bo ha.-p dng cng thc Anhxtanh:nohchf eU +

onnhc ce hf eUf .Uh _ ,Th s 8o15 19343x100,6 m6, 6252,1x10 1,6x106,625x10 _ ,.Bi 10 (D b H-C-2002): Chiu nh sng n sc bc sng = 0.22mvo catot ca t bo quang in th dng quang in trit tiu khi hiu in th gia anot v catot UAK -6V. Tnh giihn quang in ca kim loi lm catot. Cho hng s Plng h = 6.625 x 10-34 J.s, vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3 x 108m/s, in tch e = -1.6 x 10-19C.HD Gii:-T cng thc Anhxtanh v hin tng quang in ta c2omax AKo ohc hc 1 hcmV eU2 + + AKoeU 1 1hc 1966 34 8o1 1 1.6x10 x 63.366x100.122x10 6.625x10 x3x10

o = 0.297 x 10-6m = 0.297m. Bi 11 (H-2002) :Cc bc sng di nht ca vch quang ph thuc dy Laiman v dy Banme trong quang ph vch ca hir tng ng l 21 = 0.1218m v 32 = 0.6563m. Tnh nng lng ca photon pht ra khi electron chuyn t qu o M v qu o K.HD Gii: -Ta c: L K21hcE E v: M L32hcE E-Nng lng ca photon c pht ra khi electron chuyn t qu o M v qu o K l:EMK = EM EK = EM EL + EL - EK = hc _+ , 32 211 1-Thay s: EMK =6.625 x 10-34 x 3 x 108 _+ ,61 1 1x0.6563 0.121810=1.93.10-18J=12.1eVGV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 36Bi 12(CSP H NI-2004):Ngi ta chiu ng thi hai loi nh sng n sc c bc sng 10,656 m v 20,486 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot 19A 3,61x10 J.1) Gii thch ti sao ln vn tc ban u ca cc electron quang in bt ra khi catt khng bng nhau?2) Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca t boquang in l 1,2V (ant ni vi cc dng ca ngun in). Tnh vn tc cc i ca cc electron quang in khi p vo ant.3) Cho cng sut bc x nh sng c bc sng 1v 2 ni trn tng ng l 1P 0,2W v 2P 0,1W. Tnh s photon p vo catt trong mi giy .Bit rng: 34h 6,625x10 J s; 8C 3x10 m/ s; 31em 9,1x10 kg; 19e 1,6x10 C.HD Gii:1) Gii thch vn tc cc electron quang in khc nhau. Gii hn quang in: ohc0,55 mA.Do , bc x > 1 2 nn khng xyra hin tng quang in, < 2 o: xy ra hin tng quang inCc electron nm st mt kim loi khi hp th photon bn ra vi ng nng cc i: +2omaxmvhf A2i vi cc electron nm lp su trong kim loi th trc khi n b mt kim loi, chng va chm vi cc ion ca kim loi v mt mt phn nng lng do vn tc ban u ca chng nh hn omaxv ni trn.2) Tnh vn tc cc i ca cc electron quang in khi p vo ant. ng nng cc i ca electron khi bt rakhi catt +omax2hcA W 19omax2hcW A 0,4795x10 Jng nng cc i ca cc electron khi p vo ant: + + 19 19 19 omaxW W eU 0,4795x10 1,2x1,6x10 2,4x10 JVn tc cc i ca cc electron khi p vo catt: 196 312W 2x2,4x10v 0,73x10 m/ sm9,1x103) Tnh s phton p vo catt mi giy: Pnv hc PnhcS phton p vo catt trong 1 giy do bc x 1 v 2 chiu vo catt: + + 17 17 17 1 1 2 2P PN 6,6x10 2,45x10 9,05x10hc hcBi 13 (CSP H NI-2005): Trong quang ph ca hir, bc sng di nht trong dy Lyman l 1 = 0.1220 m, bc sng ngn nht trong dy Lyman l 2= 0.0193 m. Tnha) Bc sng ngn nht trong dy Bannmeb) Nng lng cn thit ion ha nguyn t hidroCho hng s Plang h = 6.625x 10-34 J.s, vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c= 3x108 m/s.HD Gii:a) Tnh 3:bc sng di nht trong dy Lyman : 2 11hcE E (1) bc sng ngn nht trong dy Lyman:12hcE E (2) bc sng ngn nht trong dy Banme:23hcE E (3)T (1), (2), (3) 3 2 1hc hc hc => 3 2 11 1 1 =>1 231 20,122.0, 01930, 02290,122 0, 0193m GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 37b) Nng lng ion ha nguyn t hydro: 26191619,875 1021, 77 10 13, 60, 0913 10hc xE E x J eVx Bi 14 (C CN H NI-2005):Kim loi lm catt ca mt t bo quang in c gii hn quang in o. Ln lt chiu ti b mt catt hai bc x c bc sng 10,4 m v 20,5 m th vn tc ban u cc i ca electron bn ra khi b mt catt khc nhau 2 ln. Tnh o.HD Gii:Tnh o .-Ap dng h thc Anhxtanh vi 1, 2: + + ' + + 2 2 21 1 11 o2 2 22 2 22 ohc 1 hc 1A mV mV V (1)2 2hc 1 hc 1A mV mV V (2)2 2-V < >1 2 1 2V V nn 1 2V 2V thay vo (1) v (2)-Ta c + ' + 2 22 11 o2 2o o 12 22 ohc hc 14x mV V2hc hc hc3 4hc hc 14 4 4x mV V2 1 2oo o 1 1 23 3 4 14 Th s ta c: o0,545 mBi 15 (C GTVT-2004):Catt ca t bo quang in c cng thot electron l A = 4,16eV.1) Chiu vo catt bc x c bc sng = 0,2 m th hin tng dng quang in c xy ra khng? Nu c, hy tnh hiu in th hm dng quang in trit tiu.2) Nng lng m dng phtn truyn cho catt trong mt giy l 0,2J. Gi s c 100 phtn ti catt to ra 1 quang electron chuyn t catt sang ant.Tnh s phtn ti catt trong mt giy v cng dng quang in. Choh =6,625x10-34Js; c = 3x108m/s; |e| = 1,6x10-19C.HD Gii: 1) T ohcA Suy ra7ohc 19, 875x10 m 0, 3 mA 6, 656 Do < 0 nn hin tng quang in c xy ra, 2) Dng quang in trit tiu khi UAK = Uh.Khi 2k omax1e U mV2v 2omax h1A mV A eU2 + +suy rah1U ( A).e Vi 19hc9, 9375x10 J th Uh = 2,05 V.Ta c P = N. 7PN 2x10 phtnS electron chuyn ng t catt sang ant trong 1s: 15Nn 2x10100 Cng dng quang in : 4I n e 3, 2x10 A. Bi 16 (C GTVT-2005):Khi chiu vo catt ny bc x ca mt t bo quang in bc x = 0,1854 m th hiu in th UAK = -2V va trit tiu dng quang in.1) Xc nh gii hn quang in ca kim loi lm catt.GV: an Vn LngEmail: doanvluong@gmail.com ; doanvluong@yahoo.com Trang 382) Nu chiu vo catt ny bc x '2m vn duy tr hiu in th hm trn, th ng nng cc i ca cc electron khi bay sang n ant l bao nhiu? Cho h = 6,625 x 10-34 (J.s); c = 3 x 108 m/s; |e| = 1,6 x 10-19C.HD Gii: 1.p dng cng thc Anhxtanh ta c: + 'C Cdomaxod AKomaxh hWW eU AKoe. U1 1hcTh s: 1976 34 8o1 1 1,6 10 20,3784 100,1854 10 6,625 10 3 10

6o710,2643 10 m0,3784 102.Khi chiu bc x '2 V AKU 2VGi W1 = Womax vW2 l ng nng lc chm ant 2 1 AKW W e.U (cng cn ca in trng) +2 1 AKW W e U + 2o o2hc hc hc hc hcWVy ng nng ca electron khi chm ant l: 34 818266,625 10 3 10W 1,072 100,1854 10JBi 17 (C XD-2004):Khi chiu b x c tn s f = 2,200 x 1015 Hz vo catt ca mt t bo quang in th c hin tng quang in v cc electron quang in bn ra u gi li bi hiu in th hm