Church and SocietyMain idea: Catholic Church played an important role in medieval Europe and used its power to uphold church teaching

Cistercian Monks: Invented new farming techniques Bernard of Clairvaux – advised pope, defended the poor

Hildegard of Bingen – headed convent in Germany composed worship music

Until 1200s most religious orders lived in monasteries separateFrom the world.

Friars: 1st order founded by Francis of Assisi called Franciscans Lived in towns & taught Christianity Helped the poor and were Missionaries

Friars: Dominic de Guzman founded the Dominicans Defend Church teachings / studied for years teach

Role of ReligionMass: Catholic worship service (Sundays / holiday) Rituals called sacraments (communion = Bread &Wine) Saints – Mary most honored Relics – some believed they had special powers to heal

Inquisition: (AD 1233) a Court to try heresy or crime against God Heretics -

Anti-Semitism – hatred of Jews used as scapegoats blamed for disease (plague) Christian mobs attacked and killed thousands Governments made Jews wear special badges

Architecture

Romanesque Church Thick walls w/ huge pillars to hold up long rounded roofs Small windows, set back in thick walls that let in little light

Gothic Cathedrals Ribbed vaults w/ pointed arches instead of round barrel vaultsGothic churches were taller than Romanesque churches Flying buttresses were stone supports built onto outside walls that made it possible to have thinner walls w/ large stain glass windows