GROUP 1

An essay is a piece of writing

several paragraphs long.

An essay has three main

parts:

1. Introductory paragraph

2. Body paragraph (two or

more paragraphs)

3. Concluding paragraph

An essay introduction consists of two parts:

1. a few general statements to attract your reader’s attention.

2. a thesis statement states the main idea of the essay. A thesis statement for an essay is like a topic sentence for a paragraph. It names the specific topic and gives the reader a general idea of the contents of the essay.

The body paragraph consists of one

or more paragraph. Each

paragraph develops a subdivision

of the topic, so number of

paragraphs in the body will vary

with the number of subtopics.

The conclusion, like the concluding

sentence in a paragraph, is a

summary or review of the main

points discussed in the body.

I. Introduction

General statements

Thesis statement

II. Body

A. Topic sentence

1. support

2. support

3. support (concluding sentence

B. Topic sentence

1. support

2. support

3. support (concluding sentence)

III. Conclusion

Restatement or summary of the main points; final comment.

An introductory paragraph has two parts:

General statements:

introduce the general topic of the essay.

capture the reader’s interest.

The thesis statement:

states the specific topic.

may list subtopics of the main topic.

may indicate the pattern of organisation of the essay.

is normally the last sentence in the introductory paragraph.

The introductory paragraph of the

model essay is a funnel introduction.

It begins with one or two very

general sentences about the topic.

Each subsequent sentence becomes

increasingly focused on the topic

until the last sentence, which states

very specifically what the essay will

be about.

is the most important sentence in the introduction. It states the specific topic of the essay.

Eg. The large movement of people from rural to urban areas has major effects on cities.

Sometimes a thesis statement lists the subtopics that will be discussed in the body.

Eg. The large movement of people from rural to urban areas has major effects on a city’s ability to provide housing, employment, and adequate sanitation services.

Sometimes a thesis statement indicates the pattern of the organisation of the essay.

Eg. There are several differences between a nurse practitioner and a physician’s assistant (comparison/ contrast).

When buying a used car, use these four strategies to get the best price (logical division of ideas).

My best friend and I spent an entire summer constructing a tree house in my grandmother’s old apple tree (chronological order)

The body paragraphs in an essay are like the supporting sentences in a paragraph. They are the place to develop your topic and prove your points.

A basic pattern for essays is logical division of ideas. In this pattern, you divided your topic into subtopics and then discuss each subtopic in a separate paragraph. Logical division is an appropriate pattern for explaining causes, reasons, types, kinds, qualities, methods, advantages, disadvantages.

Here are techniques that you can

use to write a memorable

conclusion.

1. Make a prediction.

2. Suggest results or consequences.

3. Suggest a solution, make a

recommendation or call for

action.

4. Quote an authority on the topic.

Kelompok I

Chronolgi ORDER is a way of

orginizing ideas in the order or their

occurence in tme.

We use it to tell stories, to related

storical event and to write

bioghraphy and autobiographies. We

also use it to explain precesses and

procedure.

EX : how to take photoghraph, how to

make a piece of pottery, how to

perform a chemistry experience.

Chronological order process

essay :

Chronological order is a way of

organizing ideas in the order of

their occurrence in time.

Chronological order has all sorts

of uses. We use it to tell stories,

to relate historical events, and

to write biographies and

autobiographies. We also use it

to explain processes and

procedures.

You wake up in the morning with a

thumping, throbbing pain in your jaw. Some

would say your sweet tooth is to blame. But

are they right? Chances are they might be.

Though toothaches can be caused by a

number of foods, the carbohydrates found in

candy speed up the process.

Candy causes toothaches because of its high

sugar content. Every time you eat, natural

bacteria in your mouth use the sugars you

consume to form acids, which combine with food

particles to form plaque.

Tooth decay is the process by which plaque

eats away at your teeth, eventually causing them

to hurt. Sticky sweets such as candy cause the

most damage because they adhere to teeth,

fueling bacteria for a longer period of time and

creating more acid. More acid means more

damage to your teeth and a greater chance of

pain.

To prevent tooth decay and toothaches, it's

important to brush twice a day, floss, visit your dentist

twice a year and limit the amount of candy you eat.

Instead of snacking on sweets, choose good-for-your-teeth

cheese, peanuts, yogurt and sugar-free chewing gum,

which helps rid your mouth of sugars. Late night eating

should be kept to a minimum since saliva production is

reduced while you sleep. Saliva helps clear sugars from

your mouth to stop acid production that damages teeth.

If you decide to eat sticky, sugary foods, so do with

an entire meal to prevent them from adhering to your

teeth. It also helps to brush your teeth or rinse your mouth

with water after eating this type of food.

To help relive the symptoms of a toothache, use an

ice pack on the outside of the mouth where the pain is

located. Never apply heat. Over-the-counter medications

such as aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen and naproxen

can relieve soreness.

Doctors say family members can

transfer bacteria that causes toothaches

to babies through kissing and sharing

utensils. The solution? Good nutrition and

dental practices for the entire family.

Additionally, babies should never be put

to bed with a bottle full of juice, milk,

formula or other liquid containing sugar.

Doing so will only increase the likelihood

of tooth decay.

Cronological order signal

words are especially

omportant in a process

essay. You have to be very

clear about the sequence of

steps : Does one step happen

before after, ar at same time

as another step? Cronological

order signals include all time

expressions.

First,first of all, second,

third, etc

First, choose a

destination for your

camping trip

Then, next, after that,

soon, later, later on

Then make a list of

supplies and equipment

Finally, last, last of all Last of all, have a good

time

Meanwhile, at the same

time, now

Meanwhile, have a supply

of clean rags ready

Gradually, eventually Gradually increase your

child’s allowance

After

since

As

until

As soon as

when

Before

while

Does one step

happen before

after, ar at same

time as another

step?

The first (second, last , final)

step

On the third day

After leaving home

Later that morning

For five minutes

In 2004

Several years ago

A few weeks later

In the next (past, last) 15 years

The first step to do a physical exam

he should come to the hospital on the

third day

after leaving home, he Understands

the meaning of the life

Later that morning, his condition is

bad

Please wait me for five minutes

In 2004, I started working at this

hospital

I had an accident several years ago

We will take the exam a few weeks

later