COMBINED HEAT AND POWER

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2)240

1)

340450

600670

600750800

Gas enginenatural gassingle cycle

Diesel engineemulsified fuel

single cycle

Gas turbinefuel oil

single cycle

Gas enginenatural gas CHP

Diesel enginefuel oil

single cycle

Gas turbinenatural gassingle cycle

Coal firedsteamboiler

1) 7 bar (g) saturated steam production.2) Hot water production (45°C in/85°C out).Single cycle: g/kWhe.CHP-mode: g/kWhtot (heat + electricity).

CO emissions in g/kWhe2

Typical specific CO emission bydifferent power plant types

2

Cogeneration is a closed process that

requires no auxiliary cooling of the engines

since the heat from the process is taken

into profitable use. CHP plants, with their

unbeatable electrical efficiency and high total

efficiency throughout the load range, have very

low CO2 emissions, so they easily comply with

the most stringent environmental and CHP

regulations.

Wärtsilä CHP plants can run on various

grades of natural gas and liquid fuel, while still

maintaining low emissions and high efficiency.

The plants include thermal heat recovery for

hot water, steam, direct-fire hot air, or chilled

water – raising an already efficient power

plant, 43-45% in terms of net electricity, to a

total efficiency of 90% or above. More efficient

use of fuel also translates into lower emissions

per unit of fuel.

WÄRTSILÄ CHP – WIN-WIN CONCEPTExtremely efficient utilization of primary fuels

Decentralized energy production (DE)

enables individual CHP solutions that are

economical and efficient

Optimized plant size with step-by-step

investment thanks to multi-unit design. Gives

lower investment risk in a changing market

Maximized plant availability in all operating

situations

Flexible operation for changes in power and

heat demands

Electrical output and efficiency are

unaffected by the rate of heat production

Lower power transmission costs

On-site maintenance without production

down-time

Low capital and operational costs per output unit. High profitability!

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COMBINED BENEFITS OF DISTRIBUTED COGENERATION

Increasing demand for energy and long

transmission distances from power plant to

end user affect the reliability of the electricity

supply, and also put pressure on the price

of electrical and thermal energy. The power

and energy market has been deregulated and

liberalized, pushing power generation towards

a decentralized model. More and more power

and heat is being produced close to the point

of consumption. At the same time, the world is

calling for more efficient use of fuels to protect

the environment for future generations.

Wärtsilä addresses these demands with

its Combined Heat and Power (CHP) solutions

for utilities, IPPs, industry and municipalities.

Typical plant sizes range from 4 to100 MWe, in

single or multi-engine configurations.

The combination of high efficiency and low

emissions offered by Wärtsilä CHP plants is

unequalled in the market. Wärtsilä engines as

such comply with various national and local

environmental requirements and with World

Bank guidelines for power plants.

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4

PLANT CONCEPT

Wärtsilä CHP plants powered by reciprocating

engines offer fl exibility and uncompromising

performance wherever power and heat are

required.

Wärtsilä’s gas and diesel engines have by

far the highest electrical effi ciency for prime

movers in the market. The exhaust gases and

cooling water from the engine can fl exibly

be utilized for numerous applications – as

low-pressure steam for industrial entities, as

district heating and/or chilled water for cities,

offi ce complexes and municipalities; or the

exhaust gases can be used directly for drying,

etc. Depending on customer needs, the CHP

plant’s total effi ciency can even exceed 90 %.

Typical heat recovery systems, between the

prime mover and the customer’s equipment,

are of the “hang-on” type and ensure both

optimized heat production and effective engine

cooling and operation. Wärtsilä’s heat recovery

design takes into account all the customer’s

seasonal, monthly, weekly and daily variations

in running and operational heat production

conditions. Heat production does not affect the

electrical output or the electrical effi ciency of

the prime mover.

The modular design of Wärtsilä CHP plants

enables rapid delivery anywhere in the world.

Prefabricated, functionally pre-tested modules

guarantee consistent quality and performance

and make on-site installation a matter of

assembling and connecting the modules.

Wärtsilä has the resources and capabilities

to carry out deliveries ranging from the supply

of equipment and engineering to complete

turnkey projects including engineering,

procurement and construction. A globally

experienced project organization guarantees

successfully executed deliveries around the

world.

One of the benefi ts of Wärtsilä’s modular

plant concept is the unique fl exibility of

PISTICCI, ITALYType of customer ........... Industry - IPPEngine type ....... 4 x Wärtsilä 18V34SGTotal electrical output...............22 MWTotal heat output ...................17.3 MWTotal effi ciency ............................ 74%

operation enabled by the cascading multi-

engine structure of the plants. Multi-unit

installations provide load fl exibility: extra

generating sets can be turned off, while the

plant continues to run at peak effi ciency with

as many units as required.

As needs change, the design of the plants

makes it possible to increase the plant size in

stages by adding new engines. This also allows

for a smaller initial investment with the option

to expand later as required.

5

CombinedSCR/OXI-CAT

+15,500

CHP-module Engine-generator set

Radiator

22,500

(option)

Pre-engineered and pretested modules minimizes construction time and maximize reliability.

TOWN CONCEPT EXAMPLEWhen the plant is situated in the middle of a city or an industrial plant site, the layout is more compact and the protective shielding is stronger. The two fl oor plant lay-out allows a small and compact footprint. The exterior of the plant and possible architectural design of the power house has also to be suited to its surroundings. The emission levels have to be kept very low with effective emission reduction systems and heavy-duty silencers have to be installed to eliminate any noice problems.

RINGSTED, DENMARKType of customer ....................... UtilityEngine type ....... 2 x Wärtsilä 18V34SGTotal electric output .................11 MWTotal heat output ...................10.4 MWTotal effi ciency ......................... 87.6%

FIELD CONCEPT EXAMPLEWhere the building site is ample and not situated in the midst of a densely populated area, the single fl oor plant layout with an overall lower plant profi le is used. The main heat recovery system is situated outside the main engine hall, either under a separate roof or as weatherproof equipment.

Exhaust gas silencer

Exhaust gas boiler

+10,950

21,250

CHP-module Engine-generator set

HOT WATER GENERATION FOR DISTRICT HEATING APPLICATIONS

LOW-PRESSURE STEAM GENERATION FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

Steamconsumer

Hot waterconsumer(optional)

Steam generator

Lube oil cooler

CAC 1 and 2

Electricity

Engine EAM module CHP module

Exhaust gas boiler

HT waterheatexchanger

Lube oilcooler

Districtheatingnetwork

LTCAG

HTCAG

Lube oilbackupcooler

HT backupcooler (option)

Electricity

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capacity or temperature in the industrial

process or the district heating network. Such

a plant is very suitable when all the heat and

power it produces can be used for either heat

or processing purposes.

To optimize the balance between thermal

and electrical energy production, each plant is

customized to suit the needs of the end user.

Whether it is hot water for district heating,

POWERFUL CHOICES

The high efficiency of Wärtsilä’s CHP plants

translates into considerable savings in fuel

costs compared to other technologies. For

optimized balance and profitability, the

plants are customized to the customer’s

specific needs.

A decentralized combined heat and

power plant increases the reliability of

energy supply in the neighbourhood. Total

energy production is local and close to the

point of consumption. Local heat generation

ensures a quick response to changes in

industrial process steam or even chilled

water, Wärtsilä provides a design that ensures

maximum efficiency and the best possible

overall solution. The automation system not

only controls all the internal processes in

the Wärtsilä CHP plant but is also carefully

integrated with all necessary signals and

connections to existing systems to guarantee a

fully compatible plant.

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COGEN FOR MAXIMUM STEAM GENERATION

Steamconsumer

CAC 1 and 2

BurnerElectricity

1-stageabsorption

chiller

CAC1/jacket water

Lube oil cooler

95-105 °C

80-90 °C

70-105 °C

45-55 °C

Circulation pump

Hot wateror districtheating

Electricity

7 °C

12 °C

Chilled wateror district cooling

Boiler

UJPALOTA, HUNGARYType of customer ...........................IPPEngine type ....... 3 x Wärtsilä 20V34SGTotal electrical output.............20 MWeTotal heat output ................19.2 MWthTotal efficiency ......................... 84.6%

TRI-GENERATIONTypical tri-generation solution for airports

ENGINE TECHNOLOGY

RINGKØBING, DENMARK: Type of customer ....................... UtilityEngine type ....... 1 x Wärtsilä 20V34SGTotal electrical output..............7.9 MWTotal heat output .....................9.7 MWTotal effi ciency ....................... 96.45%

emulsifi ed fuels. Dual-fuel engines give added

reliability to the CHP plant, since they can use

whichever fuel is available at the lowest cost.

The heart of Wärtsilä’s generating sets is

Wärtsilä’s reliable engine technology, the result

A reciprocating engine is the most effi cient

means of converting liquid or gaseous fuels

into energy.

The Wärtsilä CHP plant can run on most

natural gas types, heavy and light fuel oils, and

of long experience of demanding marine and

power plant applications. All Wärtsilä engines

have a simple and straightforward modern

design with facilities for easy and rapid on-site

maintenance.

8

The Wärtsilä 20V34SG engine featuresthe latest design in gas technology.

9

Wärtsilä reciprocating gas engines offer stable output and high performance in hot and dry conditions. No water consumed for plant cooling = remote area suitability!

0.8

0.85

0.9

0.95

1

1.05

15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Ambient temperature (°C)

Industrial gas turbine

Wärtsilä 20V34SG(radiator cooling)

Aeroderivate gas turbine

Source: GE Ger-3567 Ger-3695; Wärtsilä perf

Derating due to cooling water temperature.(Derating due to inlet air temperature starts at 45 °C)

Dera

ting

fact

or

Air intake and gas injection in thepre-chamber and intake manifold

Compression of gas/air mixture Ignition in pre-chamber

Exh. Air Exh. Air Exh. Air

SG PRINCIPLE

Air intake and gas injection Compression of gas/air mixture Pilot fuel injection and ignition

Exh. Air Exh. Air Exh. Air

DF PRINCIPLE

Air intake Compression of air Injection of diesel fuel and ignition

Exh. Air Exh. Air Exh. Air

DIESEL PRINCIPLE

CUSTOMER CAREWärtsilä’s aim is to ensure that customers

obtain the best possible performance from

their power plant investment throughout its

lifecycle. After all, who could be better at this

than the people who designed and built the

plant?

Wärtsilä provides a comprehensive range

of services built on the concept of enhancing

the customer’s profitability by optimizing all

aspects of the power plant operation.

The services range from rapid spare

parts delivery to a complete operation and

maintenance partnership, allowing the

customer to focus on their core business.

Wärtsilä Operations & Maintenance currently

runs more than 130 plants around the world,

GYÖR, HUNGARYType of customer ............. MunicipalityEngine type ....... 3 x Wärtsilä 18V34SGTotal electrical output.............19 MWeTotal heat output ................16.4 MWthTotal efficiency ......................... 82.9%

making it the world’s leading power plant O&M

contractor.

If customers choose to operate the plant

themselves, they can still rest assured that they

have the best possible support available as and

when needed – from training and on-line support

to service packages or plant modernization and

upgrading. Wärtsilä’s global network is always

ready to make sure the power plant performs

flawlessly, free of breakdowns and unwanted

downtime throughout its lifetime.

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THIS IS NOT THE FUTURE. THIS IS TODAY.

THE SINGLE-SOURCE SUPPLIER THAT STAYS WITH YOUWärtsilä has the resources and capabilities

to carry out deliveries ranging from the

supply of equipment and basic engineering to

complete turnkey projects including fi nancing,

engineering, procurement, construction,

operation and maintenance.

12

Barajas airport, SpainIn 2003, AENA, the Spanish Airport Authority, called for bids to supply thermal and electrical energy to the major Barajas airport in Madrid under a twenty-year power purchase agreement. The trigeneration plant,, generating a net electric power of 33 MW, is connected to the airport’s internal grid and to the public grid. The plant provides electricity continuously, as well as heating during the winter and cooling during the summer.

Engines .........................................6 x Wärtsilä 18V32DFTotal electrical output ....................................33600 kWe

Total heat output ......................................... 24,000 kWth

Total absorption cooling output ......................18,000kWc

Total effi ciency ........................................................74%

Academisch Medisch Centrum (AMC), The NetherlandsIn June 2005 the AMC hospital ordered three Wärtsilä dual-fuel engine driven generator sets to secure the supply of energy to the largest hospital in Amsterdam.Island operation: emergency power supply with excellent load-step response of the gas engines due to the cylinder-specific fuel gas injection.Parallel operation with the public grid: combined heat and power supply with superior fuel efficiency.In general, this baseload plant provides high fuel efficiency, emergency power, fuel flexibility and a good return on investment.

Engines: ........................................3 x Wärtsilä 12V32DFTotal electrical output: ..................................12,273 kWe

Total heating output: .................................... 12,000 kWth

Total absorption cooling output: ........................2600 kWc

1�

Wärtsilä 50DF

GAS ENGINESWärtsilä 34SG

DUAL-FUEL ENGINESWärtsilä 32DF

LIQUID FUEL(LFO, HFO, CRO, LBF, Emulsified)Wärtsilä 20Wärtsilä 32Wärtsilä 46

LFO = light fuel oilHFO = heavy fuel oilCRO = crude fuel oiLBF = liquid bio fuell

MW 1 5 10 50 100 200 300

Boiler and absorption chillers at Madrid’s Barajas airport, Spain.

POWER PLANT OUTPUT RANGE

14

Performance data as guidelines for CHP calculations Wärtsilä liquid fuelled generating sets at 50 and 60 Hz

Engine 12V32 16V32 18V32 20V32 12V46 18V46

Frequency Hz 50 60 50 60 50 60 50 60 50 60 50 60

Electric power kW 5327 5211 7124 6970 8032 7841 8924 8730 11349 11349 17076 17076

Heat rate 1) kJ/kWh 7986 7901 7961 7877 7944 7877 7818 7818 7692 7692 7669 7669

Electrical efficiency 1) % 45.1 45.6 45.2 45.7 45.3 45.7 46.0 46.0 46.8 46.8 46.9 46.9

High-temperature cooling water circuit 2) °C 82/96 83/96 82/96 83/96 82/96 83/96 80/96 80/96 81/91 81/91 81/91 81/91

High-temperature cooling water circuit, heat power ± 10% kW 1573 1506 2072 1984 2300 2196 2994 2916 3098 3125 4650 4692

High-temperature charge air cooler, water 2)

– °C 89/96 89/96 89/96 89/96 89/96 89/96 87/96 88/96 84/91 84/91 84/91 84/91

High-temperature charge air cooler, heat power

– ± 10% kW 845 807 1102 1052 1209 1149 1597 1536 1992 2019 2990 3032

Jacket cooling water 2)– °C 82/89 83/89 82/89 83/89 82/89 83/89 80/87 80/88 81/84 81/84 81/84 81/84

Jacket cooling, heat power– ± 10% kW 728 699 970 932 1091 1047 1397 1380 1106 1106 1660 1660

Low-temperature cooling water circuit 2) °C 35/46 35/46 35/46 35/45 35/46 35/46 35/46 35/46 35/47 35/47 35/48 35/48

Low-temperature cooling water circuit, heat power ± 10% kW 1263 1212 1688 1619 1899 1817 2118 2056 2519 2534 3797 3820

Lubricating oil 2)– °C 63/74 63/74 63/74 63/74 63/74 63/74 63/74 63/74 63/78 63/78 63/77 63/77

Lubricating oil, heat power– ± 10% kW 640 620 853 826 960 929 1083 1067 1473 1473 2210 2210

Low-temperature charge air cooler, water 2)

– °C 35/40 35/40 35/40 35/40 35/40 35/40 35/41 35/40 35/40 35/40 35/41 35/41

Low-temperature charge air cooler, heat power

– ± 10% kW 623 592 835 793 939 888 1035 989 1046 1061 1587 1610

Charge air flow ± 5% kg/s 10.9 10.3 14.5 13.7 16.3 15.4 17.0 16.2 19.7 20.0 29.5 30

Exhaust gas flow ± 5% kg/s 11.2 10.6 14.9 14.1 16.8 15.8 17.5 16.7 20.3 20.6 30.5 30.9

Exhaust gas temperature ± 10°C °C 348 350 348 350 348 350 346 351 374 369 374 369

Exhaust gas heat power 3) ± 10% kW 3846 3687 5094 4865 5762 5541 5729 5635 7845 7803 11806 11741

Heat power losses by radiation ± 15% kW 398 394 564 574 617 617 584 570 651 651 864 864

Note:Heat and mass balances dependent of ambient conditions and plant application. The above figures are for guidance only and calculated at ISO 3046-1 standard reference conditions: 25°C ambient temperature. 100 kPa total barometric pressure. 30% relative humidity. Charge air coolant temperature according to tabulated data. Lower Heating Value 42700 kJ/kg.

1) Heat rate and electrical efficiency at generator terminals, including engine-driven pumps, Tolerance 5%. Power factor 0.8.2) inlet / outlet temperatures3) In reference to ambient temperature

Performance data as guidelines for CHP calculations Wärtsilä gas fuelled generating sets at 50 and 60 Hz

Engine 9L34SG 16V34SG 20V34SG 18V32DF 18V50DF

Gas mode LFO mode Gas mode LFO mode

Frequency Hz 50 60 50 60 50 60 50 60 50 60 50 60 50 60 50 60 50 60 50 60

Engine optimization: NOX (dry @ 5 vol-% O2)

mg/Nm3 250 250 500 500 250 250 500 500 250 250 500 500 500 500 500 500

Electric power kW 3888 3758 3888 3758 6970 6737 6970 6737 8730 8439 8730 8439 6080 5819 6080 5819 16621 16621 16621 16621

Heat rate 1) kJ/kWh 8065 8065 7817 7817 7999 7999 7753 7753 7982 7982 7737 7737 8074 8074 8201 8201 7616 7616 8184 8184

Electrical efficiency 1) % 44.6 44.6 46.1 46.1 45.0 45.0 46.4 46.4 45.1 45.1 46.5 46.5 44.6 44.6 43.9 43.9 47.3 47.3 44.0 44.0

Engine cooling water circuit 2) °C 38/67 38/66 38/65 38/64 38/69 38/68 38/67 38/66 38/70 38/70 38/68 38/67 37/59 37/58 37/63 37/62 37/69 37/69 37/79 37/79

Engine cooling water circuit, heat power

± 10% kW 2012 1942 1894 1832 3558 3451 3357 3252 4445 4291 4187 4052 3120 2984 3809 3655 7363 7363 9576 9576

High-temperature charge air cooler, water 2)

– °C 46/60 46/59 46/58 45/57 47/61 47/60 47/59 46/58 48/62 47/61 47/60 47/59 43/52 43/51 44/55 44/55 47/60 47/60 51/68 51/68

High-temperature charge air cooler, heat power

– ± 10% kW 948 924 839 817 1614 1576 1432 1395 1971 1925 1750 1707 1267 1217 1648 1595 2886 2886 3837 3837

Jacket cooling water 2)– °C 86/91 86/91 86/91 86/91 86/91 86/91 86/91 86/91 85/91 85/91 85/91 85/91 87/91 87/91 86/91 87/91 86/91 86/91 85/91 85/91

Jacket cooling, heat power– ± 10% kW 504 486 513 495 890 860 910 880 1120 1080 1140 1100 952 913 1154 1105 2129 2129 2512 2512

Lubricating oil 2)– °C 63/71 63/70 63/71 63/71 63/73 63/72 63/73 63/72 63/74 63/73 63/74 63/73 62/74 62/74 62/75 62/74 62/74 62/74 62/78 62/78

Lubricating oil, heat power– ± 10% kW 414 396 419 405 730 710 740 720 920 880 930 900 729 700 750 720 1544 1544 1940 1940

Low-temperature charge air cooler, water 2)

– °C 38/40 38/40 38/40 38/40 38/41 38/41 38/40 38/40 38/41 38/41 38/41 38/41 37/38 37/38 37/39 37/39 37/41 37/41 37/43 37/43

Low-temperature charge air cooler, heat power

– ± 10% kW 146 136 123 115 324 305 275 257 434 406 368 345 172 154 257 235 804 804 1287 1287

Charge air flow ± 5% kg/s 6.9 6.7 6.4 6.2 12.3 11.9 11.5 11.1 15.3 14.8 14.3 13.8 9.9 9.4 11.7 11.2 26.4 26.4 32.6 32.6

Exhaust gas flow ± 5% kg/s 7.1 6.8 6.6 6.4 12.6 12.2 11.8 11.4 15.7 15.2 14.7 14.2 10.2 9.7 12.0 11.5 27.2 27.2 33.5 33.5

Exhaust gas temperature ± 10°C °C 375 375 390 390 375 375 390 390 375 375 390 390 397 397 357 357 402 402 365 364

Exhaust gas heat power 3) ± 10% kW 2976 2878 2813 2719 5302 5117 5013 4843 6640 6417 6270 6058 4666 4470 4202 4014 12068 12068 12609 12609

Heat power losses by radiation ± 15% kW 270 263 270 261 430 413 420 403 510 501 510 491 451 431 451 431 869 869 869 869

Note:Heat and mass balances dependend of ambient conditions and plant application. The above figures are for guidance only and calculated at ISO 3046-1 standard reference conditions: 25°C ambient temperature. 100 kPa total barometric pressure. 30% relative humidity. Charge air coolant temperature according to tabulated data.Natural gas (Lower Heating Value 35300 kJ/Nm3).Gas Methane Number >80. LFO (Lower Heating Value 42700 kJ/kg). Nm3 defined at NTP (273.15 K and 101.3 kPa)

1) Heat rate and electrical efficiency at generator terminals, including engine-driven pumps, Tolerance 5%. Power factor 0.8.2) Single-circuit cooling system, inlet / outlet temperatures3) In reference to ambient temperature

15

WÄRTSILÄ® is a registered trademark. Copyright © �005 Wärtsilä Corporation.

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Wärtsilä enhances the business of its customers by providing them with

complete lifecycle power solutions. When creating better and environmentally

compatible technologies, Wärtsilä focuses on the marine and energy markets

with products and solutions as well as services. Through innovative products

and services, Wärtsilä sets out to be the most valued business partner of

all its customers. This is achieved by the dedication of more than 14,000

professionals manning 130 Wärtsilä locations in close to 70 countries around

the world.

WÄRTSILÄ® is a registered trademark. Copyright © �007 Wärtsilä Corporation.